1. ANATOMY
Unit 1 Notes:
Rat
Dissections

2. (1) Organs To Know
• Heart
• Lungs
• Diaphragm
• Stomach
• Liver
• Small Intestine
• Large Intestine
• Kidneys

3. (2) Initial Incisions
1. Lie rat on its back.
2. Press down on limbs to open up chest + belly.
3. Make 2 horizontal incisions:
- (1) Directly below throat
- (1) Directly above crotch
4. Make 1 vertical incision:
- From throat  crotch
- Pull up on skin + muscle to avoid cutting internal
organs.

5. (3) Organs In The Chest Cavity
• Ribs:
Bones covering heart and lungs.
• Heart:
Looks like red-brown nugget in center of chest.
• Lungs:
– Look like brown lobes/flaps.
– 1 Lung on either side of heart.
• Diaphragm:
– Looks like a thin, smooth piece of muscle.
– Directly under ribcage.

6. (4) Organs In The Abdomen
• Liver:
– Largest internal organ.
– On rat’s right side / On your left side.
– Large, hard, brown, lobed organ.
– Directly underneath diaphragm.
• Stomach:
– On rat’s left side / On your right side.
– J-Shaped, squishy sac.
– Directly underneath diaphragm.
• Small Intestine:
– Flesh colored, squiggly tube.
– Small = Thin in diameter.
– Middle of abdomen, connecting to stomach.
• Large Intestine:
– Flesh colored, squiggly tube.
– Large = Thick in diameter.
– Middle of abdomen, connecting to anus.

7. (5) Organs Along The Back
• Kidneys:
– Look like kidney beans.
– Red-brown color.
– Must remove all other digestive organs first.
– Lie along lower back, 1 on each side.

9. Yes you need to
draw this!!

10. (6) Basic Organ Function
• Heart: Pump blood + circulate nutrients.
• Lungs: Bring in oxygen + expel carbon dioxide.
• Diaphragm: Help lungs fill with air.
• Stomach: Metabolize food.
• Small Intestines: Absorb nutrients from food.
• Large Intestine: Expel food waste.
• Liver: Break down bad blood cells + toxins.
• Kidneys: Filter blood.