1. The document provides review materials on various science topics including states of matter, acids and bases, astronomy, elements and the periodic table, and forces.
2. Key concepts summarized include how atoms and molecules are arranged in different states of matter, how substances can be classified as acids, bases or neutral, definitions of comets and galaxies, and an overview of the periodic table including metals, nonmetals and metalloids.
3. Forces are described as having magnitude and direction, and questions are provided about how forces add and subtract as well as examples of calculating unknown forces using scales.
7. How are atoms and molecules arranged in a gas?
Movement of Molecules
solids
e
n
e
r
g
y
e
n
e
r
g
y
liquids
e
n
e
r
g
y
gases
Vibrate
Move
Freely
Move Fast
Hit Things
11. How do substances change states (phases)?
Atoms & molecules are arranged
differently in solids, liquids, & gases.
liquidssolids gases
energy energy
Close
Together
Space
Between
Very Far
Apart
19. How can substances be classified?
BasesAcids Neutral
1. Has pH1 - pH6
2. Turns litmus red
3. Tastes sour
1. Has pH7
2. Does not change
litmus
1. Has pH8 - pH14
2. Turns litmus blue
3. Tastes bitter
38. Astronomical Units measure the
distances between planets and
the Sun in our Solar System.
What units are used to measure distance of space objects?
Sun
39. Light-years are used for
measuring the distances of stars
and galaxies.
What units are used to measure distance of space objects?
48. In which region of the table
would nonmetals be found?
A 1
B 2
C 3
D 4
CST Review Questions
27
49. How are electrons, protons and neutrons arranged in the atom?
8 Elements form a dividing line between
metals and nonmetals.
What are the general types of elements in the periodic table?
dividing line
Po
50. How are electrons, protons and neutrons arranged in the atom?
These elements are called metalloids.
What are the general types of elements in the periodic table?
metalloids
Po
51. What are the general types of elements in the periodic table?
Most of the elements in the periodic
table are metals to the left of the line.
Metals
Po
52. What are the general types of elements in the periodic table?
The elements to the right of the zigzag
are Non-metals.
Non-metals
Po
53. CST Review Questions
In which region of the table
would nonmetals be found?
A 1
B 2
C 3
D 4
27
54. CST Review Questions
In which region of the table
would nonmetals be found?
A 1
B 2
C 3
D 4
27
60. How are electrons, protons and neutrons arranged in the atom?
The inert (noble) gases are the elements in
Group 18 of the periodic table.
What are the noble (inert) gases?
Silicon
Inert Gases
64. E-Review Question 1 Explanation
The number of protons of an element is
called the atomic number.
Carbon
Oxygen
6 protons
Atomic Number = 6
8 protons
Atomic Number = 8
Hydrogen
1 proton
Atomic Number = 1
65. How many protons do atoms have?
1. Atomic numbers are the smaller
numbers on the periodic table.
C
6
Carbon
12
Atomic Number
(smaller number on chart)
66. How many protons do atoms have?
All elements have DIFFERENT
atomic numbers.
C
6
Carbon
12
Atomic Number
(smaller number on chart)
72. How are electrons, protons and neutrons arranged in the atom?What are the characteristics of metals?
Metals
Silver
Gold
Copper
Platinum
V. Metals are identified by their physical
properties.
73. How are electrons, protons and neutrons arranged in the atom?What are the characteristics of metals?
Metals
Silver
Gold
Copper
Platinum
A. Some of the physical properties of
metals are:
1. Shininess
Metals are shiny.
74. How are electrons, protons and neutrons arranged in the atom?What are the characteristics of metals?
Metals
Silver
Gold
Copper
Platinum
A. Some of the physical properties of
metals are:
2. Hardness
Metals are hard.
75. How are electrons, protons and neutrons arranged in the atom?What are the characteristics of metals?
Metals
Silver
Gold
Copper
Platinum
A. Some of the physical properties of
metals are:
3. Malleable
Metals can be pounded
into different shapes.
76. How are electrons, protons and neutrons arranged in the atom?What are the characteristics of metals?
Metals
Silver
Gold
Copper
Platinum
A. Some of the physical properties of
metals are:
4. Ductile
Metals can be made
into a wire.
77. How are electrons, protons and neutrons arranged in the atom?What are the characteristics of metals?
Metals
Silver
Gold
Copper
Platinum
A. Some of the physical properties of
metals are:
5. Conduct Heat
Metals conduct heat.
78. How are electrons, protons and neutrons arranged in the atom?What are the characteristics of metals?
Metals
Silver
Gold
Copper
Platinum
A. Some of the physical properties of
metals are:
6. Conduct Electricity
Metals conduct
electricity.
79. How are electrons, protons and neutrons arranged in the atom?What are the characteristics of metals?
Metals
Silver
Gold
Copper
Platinum
A. Some of the physical properties of
metals are:
7. Solids at room temperature
Most metals are solids.
(Mercury is the only liquid metal)
80. How are electrons, protons and neutrons arranged in the atom?What are the characteristics of metals?
Metals
Silver
Gold
Copper
Platinum
A. Some of the physical properties of metals are:
8. High Melting Temperature
Metals have high melting
temperatures.
81. How are electrons, protons and neutrons arranged in the atom?What are the characteristics of Non-metals?
Non-metals have very few of the
characteristics of metals.
Nitrogen
Carbon
Iodine
Non-metals
Oxygen
Bromine
82. How are electrons, protons and neutrons arranged in the atom?What are the characteristics of Non-metals?
A. Some of the physical characteristics of
non-metals are:
Nitrogen
Carbon
Iodine
Non-metals
Oxygen
Bromine
1. Gases at
Room
Temperature
Some
Non-metals
are gases.
83. How are electrons, protons and neutrons arranged in the atom?What are the characteristics of Non-metals?
A. Some of the physical characteristics of
non-metals are:
Nitrogen
Carbon
Iodine
Non-metals
Oxygen
Bromine
2. Solids at
Room
Temperature
Some
Non-metals
are solids.
84. How are electrons, protons and neutrons arranged in the atom?What are the characteristics of Non-metals?
A. Some of the physical characteristics of
non-metals are:
Nitrogen
Carbon
Iodine
Non-metals
Oxygen
Bromine
3. Liquid at
Room
Temperature
Bromine is
the only liquid
Non-metal
85. How are electrons, protons and neutrons arranged in the atom?What are the characteristics of Non-metals?
A. Some of the physical characteristics of
non-metals are:
Nitrogen
Carbon
Iodine
Non-metals
Oxygen
Bromine
4. Low Boiling
Point
Most
Non-metals
boil at a low
temperature.
86. How are electrons, protons and neutrons arranged in the atom?What are the characteristics of Non-metals?
A. Some of the physical characteristics of
non-metals are:
Nitrogen
Carbon
Iodine
Non-metals
Oxygen
Bromine
5. Dull
Most
Non-metals
are dull not
shiny.
87. How are electrons, protons and neutrons arranged in the atom?What are the characteristics of Non-metals?
A. Some of the physical characteristics of
non-metals are:
Nitrogen
Carbon
Iodine
Non-metals
Oxygen
Bromine
6. Brittle
Most
Non-metals
will break if
you hammer
or pull them.
88. How are electrons, protons and neutrons arranged in the atom?What are the characteristics of Non-metals?
A. Some of the physical characteristics of
non-metals are:
Nitrogen
Carbon
Iodine
Non-metals
Oxygen
Bromine
7. Poor
Conductors
Non-metals
do not
conduct heat
or electricity.
89. How are electrons, protons and neutrons arranged in the atom?What are the general types of elements in the periodic table?
Boron (B)
Silicon (Si)
Germanium (Ge)
Arsenic (As)
Antimony (Sb)
Tellurium (Te)
Astatine (At)
Metalloids
Metalloids
90. 1. Properties of
Metals and Non
Metals
Metalloids have some
of the properties of
metals and
nonmetals
How are electrons, protons and neutrons arranged in the atom?
Metalloids have some of the properties of
metals and nonmetals.
What are the characteristics of Metalloids?
Metalloids
Boron Antimony
Silicon
91. How are electrons, protons and neutrons arranged in the atom?
They are semiconductors.
What are the characteristics of Metalloids?
Metalloids
Boron Antimony
Silicon
2. Semiconductors
Metalloids conduct
electricity at different
temperatures and
exposures to light.
95. How are electrons, protons and neutrons arranged in the atom?What are the characteristics of Non-metals?
A. Some of the physical characteristics of non-metals
are:
Nitrogen
Carbon
Iodine
Non-metals
Oxygen
Bromine
8. Low Melting
Temperatures
Non-metals
melt at low
temperatures.
96. How are electrons, protons and neutrons arranged in the atom?What are the characteristics of metals?
Metals
Silver
Gold
Copper
Platinum
A. Some of the physical properties of metals are:
8. High Melting Temperature
Metals have high melting
temperatures.
97. How are electrons, protons and neutrons arranged in the atom?What are the characteristics of Non-metals?
A. Some of the physical characteristics of
non-metals are:
Nitrogen
Carbon
Iodine
Non-metals
Oxygen
Bromine
7. Poor
Conductors
Non-metals
do not
conduct heat
or electricity.
98. How are electrons, protons and neutrons arranged in the atom?What are the characteristics of metals?
Metals
Silver
Gold
Copper
Platinum
A. Some of the physical properties of
metals are:
5. Conduct Heat
Metals conduct heat.
99. How are electrons, protons and neutrons arranged in the atom?What are the characteristics of metals?
Metals
Silver
Gold
Copper
Platinum
A. Some of the physical properties of
metals are:
6. Conduct Electricity
Metals conduct
electricity.
111. How do forces add and subtract?
A. Forces pushing or pulling
in the same direction add.
+
These forces add.
1 N right
1 N right
112. How do forces add and subtract?
B. Forces pushing or pulling
in opposite directions
subtract.
These forces subtract so
the box doesn’t move.
_
1 N right 1 N left
132. VIII. When an object has more
mass, it requires a greater
force to make it move.
How does mass affect force?
500 N Right
Books = 800 kg
5 N Right
Leaves = 8 kg
133. A. If something is heavier, you
have to push harder to move
it.
How does mass affect force?
Mass of Feathers
= 1 kg
Mass of Bricks
= 1000 kg
2000 N Right
2 N Right
Distance moved = 5 feet
136. CST Review Questions
What will
make you
have to push
harder?
less friction?
easier to push
harder to push
137. XII. Friction is a force which
slows down or stops an
object’s motion.
What is Friction?
50 N Right
Force of friction of the
wheels on the road20 N Left
Force of the Boy
pedaling his
bicycle forward.
138. A. Friction always goes in the
opposite direction of the force
causing the motion.
What is Friction?
40 N Right
190 N Left
Friction slowing
down motion
Force causing
motion
139. B. Friction is caused by objects
or materials rubbing against
each other.
What is Friction?
Friction of Air
rubbing against an
airplane.Friction of
wheels on the
road
Friction of metal on snow.
Friction of
hands rubbing
together.
140. CST Review Questions
What will
make you
have to push
harder?
harder or easier to push?
easier to push
harder to push
141. CST Review Questions
What will
make you
have to push
harder?
easier to push
harder to push
easier to push
easier to push
147. XI. Buoyancy is the force of a
liquid pushing up on an
object.
What are buoyant forces?
Buoyant Force of
water pushes up.
148. A. Buoyant force is equal to
gravity when an object floats.
What are buoyant forces?
Buoyant Force of
water pushes up.
Force of Gravity
pushes down.
149. A. Buoyant force is equal to
gravity when an object floats.
What are buoyant forces?
Buoyant Force of
water pushes up.
Force of Gravity
pushes down.
150. B. When an object is flat,
Buoyancy is greater because
the liquid pushes up against a
larger surface area.
What are buoyant forces?
Buoyant Forces of
liquid push up.
