Urban greenery ways and means

1. URBAN GREENERY
Dr. N. Sai Bhaskar Reddy
Coordinator, ClimaAdapt
WALAMTARI 12/3/2015

2. World Population Growth
1750-2150
• About 3 billion people, or 50 per cent of the global population,
already live in urban areas; over the next 25 years, more than 2 billion
people are predicted to be added
Source: UN- HABITAT Report 2005; United Nations, World Urbanization Prospects, The 1999 Revision
Growth of Urban Agglomerations 1950-2015

3. URBAN FACTS
• Roughly 3% of the earth’s land surface is occupied by urban areas, with the
highest concentrations occurring along the coasts and waterways
Sources: UNEP, WRI, Population Reference Bureau, 2006; UN/ESA,2005
• Of the 10 world's most populous urban agglomerations, 6 are in Asia;
global population is around 6.4 billion and growing at 70 million/year, mostly
in low income countries
• In 2000, about 47 % of the world’s population lived in urban areas
• By 2030, 60 % of the world population is expected to be urban
•By 2030 it is predicted that 60% of India’s population could live in cities.

6. • Urban Forestry Wing was created
in HMDA (erstwhile HUDA) in the
year 1986 with the objective of
bringing open spaces under
greenery by raising different
types of plantation models like
block plantation, avenue
plantation, tree parks, colony
parks and gardens in order to
improve the overall environment
of Hyderabad for better quality
life.

7. Objectives of the Urban Greening
Programme
• Greening the HMDA area to reduce air, noise and
water pollution.
• Conversion of Unproductive lands into greenery
to provide gainful employment.
• Increase the availability of fire wood and fodder
to local villagers
• Income generation for the women groups
through Nursery raising activity.

8. The following are the HMDA's Urban
Forestry initiatives:
• Green Hyderabad Environment Programme
(2002-2006)
• Greenery Development In Industrial Areas
• One Day One / Two Lakh Plantation
• Plantation Programme On National Highways
• Tree Park At Trumpet Junction, Shamshabad
• Nurseries
• Parks Developed By Urban Forestry Wing
• Environmental Initiatives In Bpp Area

9. • Urban biodiversity and urban forestry can play a vital role in
regulating a city’s environment – while also improving the
social well-being of residents.
• Trees absorb carbon, air pollution and dust. A recent report by
the University of Birmingham in the UK revealed that walls of
vegetation in cities can cut pollution by as much as 30%.
• Urban forestry can also help reduce noise pollution – absorbing
and deflecting sounds. Splitting the roads, Hyderabad’s
greenways shield drivers from the headlights of on coming
vehicles.
• They run for 9km along the main Hyderabad carriageways,
while underneath raised roadways, another 11.5km of
shrubbery can be found. The plants used are chosen for their
ability to absorb the highest amount of dust and air pollution.
• The greenways are just one of several biodiversity projects
covering the whole of Hyderabad. In the centre of the city,
parks are dotted in between buildings offering an escape from
the dust and the debris of a growing city.

10. PLANTING A TREE
“Spiritual values in
planting trees are the key
to healing ourselves and
our environment.”
Nobel laureate
Wangari Maathai, Founder,
Green Belt Movement

11. “It is not enough to plant
the tree, you also have to
make sure that the tree will
survive and that there is
public awareness about the
survival needs of the trees”.
- Prof. Thomas B. Randrup
Danish Centre for Forest,
Landscape and Planning

12. URBAN GREENERY/FORESTRY
• Due to undergoing urbanization trend
worldwide, distance between city
inhabitants and nature is increasing.
• Urban greenery/forestry is one of the
ways to bridge this gap between people
and nature.
• Most of the Indian cities are far behind
in quality as well as quantity of urban
forests than their counterpart in Europe
and America.
• High population density is one of the
reasons for underdevelopment of urban
greenery sector.

13. URBAN FORESTRY
• Urban areas, home to more than half the
world’s poor, are projected to account for
nearly all population growth over the next 25
years, with 9 out of every 10 births occurring in
cities.
• Urban forestry initiatives can help offset the
environmental, economic and health risks
posed by rapid urbanization and poverty.
• Urban dwellers are increasingly recognizing
the importance of trees and other vegetation
beyond their visual contribution to the
cityscape.
• In many cities whose main streets are lined
with trees and flowers, the revitalization of
greenery in highlighting the abundant benefits
resulting from good urban forestry practices.

14. URBAN FORESTRY
Urban forestry is the
careful care and
management of urban
forests, (i.e.) tree
populations in urban
settings for the purpose of
improving the urban
environment.

15. ROLE OF URBAN GREEN SPACES
• Urban forestry is the art,
science and technology of
managing trees and forest
resources in and around
urban community
Ecosystems for
physiological, sociological,
economic and aesthetic
benefits that trees provide
for society

16. OBJECTIVES OF URBAN GREENING
 To reduce air pollution by sequestering gases such
as CO, NO 2 , SO 2 and other harmful gases and by
filtering air particulates.
 To minimize water pollution by absorbing toxic and
heavy metals.
 To reduce the volume of surface runoff and soil
erosion thereby minimizing floods in flood prone
areas.
 To enhance biodiversity.
 To provide shade and act as windbreaks.
 To beautify and enhance the aesthetic value of the
urban landscape.
 To reduce noise.
 To provide alternative livelihood to urban
communities.

17. Master Plan for Forestry Development
• Forest establishment and management in the urban environment for the
physiological well-being of the people;
• A deliberate process of cultivating trees, shrubs, or ornamental plants to offset
the effects of pollution and at the same time provide scenic surroundings in an
otherwise drab and dreary landscape of concrete and steel structures;
• A forest park, a nature center, a greenbelt, a boulevard lined with trees or
public ground with trees; and
• A greening movement designed to raise the quality of the environment in
urban centers.”

18. URBAN FORESTRY
DIRECT BENEFITS
Its direct benefits can be translated into socio-economic
benefits as follows
 Abatement of the intensity of noise;
 Energy conservation,
 Increase of market value of the land,
 Source of raw materials such as wood,
 Beautification and improvement of the aesthetic
value of the landscape,
 Deduction of glares and reflection of solar
radiation,
 Screening of objectionable views like junkyards and
slums,
 Provision of vegetational obstruction to seclude a
particular area from its surroundings.

19. URBAN FORESTRY
INDIRECT BENEFITS
The indirect benefits are geared toward the enhancement
and improvement of the environment
• Generally, it makes the urban environment a better place
to live.
Research results revealed that trees
• a) can sequester atmospheric gases such as CO,
NO 2 , SO 2 and other harmful gases,
• b) filter air particulates,
• c) modify air temperature,
• d) serve as windbreaks,
• e) increase infiltration,
• f) reduce surface runoff and minimize soil erosion,
• g) protect riverbanks and watersheds,
• h) absorb toxic and heavy metals, and
• i) provide food and habitat for urban wildlife.

20. CONSTRAINTS TO URBAN FORESTRY
• Resolving limitations will require coordinated efforts among cities, regions, and
countries
• Loss of green space is continuous as cities expand; available growing space is limited in
city centres. This problem is compounded by pressure to convert green space, parks,
etc. into building sites
• Inadequate space is allowed for the root system.
• Poor soil is used when planting specimens.
• Incorrect and neglected staking leads to bark damage.
• Larger, more mature trees are often used to provide scale and a sense of
establishment to a scheme. These trees grow more slowly and do not thrive in alien
soils whilst smaller specimens can adapt more readily to existing conditions.
• Lack of information on the tolerances of urban tree cultivars to environmental
constraints.
• Poor tree selection which leads to problems in the future
• Poor nursery stock and failure of post-care
• Limited genetic diversity
• Too few communities have working tree inventories and very few have urban forest
management plans.
• Lack of public awareness about the benefits of healthy urban forests.
• Poor tree care practices by citizens and untrained arborists.

21. Revival of Hussain Sagar lake in Hyderabad

22. BIOCHAR
Biochar is another name for
charcoal used for particular
purposes other than combustion.
Like all charcoal, biochar is
created by the pyrolysis of
biomass.

23. BIOCHARCULTURE
Biocharculture is a holistic approach that has
been historically tested, traditionally practiced,
is culturally integral, economically viable,
socially responsible, environmentally
sustainable, and agreeable as a policy.
The uses of biochar—as part of
biocharculture—include its application in the
areas of soil management, livestock, biomass
energy, water purification, green habitats,
sanitation, food, health, etc.

25. URBANGARDENS

26. BIOCHAR URBAN
GARDENS

32. Plants Coarse uniform Sand Biochar Compost
Black Plastic Sheet Bricks

35. Advantages of Biochar Urban Gardens
These are low cost solutions for efficient use of urban spaces.
Complement food needs by growing food.
Fresh and nutritious food is available close to habitation
Economic savings through access to self grown food
Utilization of waste for creating biochar compost.
Carbon sequestration through biochar use.
Emissions reduction, improved soil fertility and management, efficient use of water and
conservation, increased soil microbial density, micorhazea (fungus), etc.

37. Perforated pipe
Sand
Biochar
Gravel
SEWAGIGATION

38. Road
Sewerage
Clean water for irrigation
Drip Irrigation

39. FLOATIGATION
water
Plastic container
Float
(Styrofoam)

55. CITY
River
Catchment of city
Green Belt
Ringroad
Cascades
Future cities – annular / circular / seggregated water harvesting
water bodies

57. INTEGRATED WATER RESOURCES
MANAGEMENT
• Integrated water resources management is based on
the perception of water as an integral part of the
ecosystem, a natural resource and a social and
economic good, whose quantity and quality determine
the nature of its utilization. To this end, water
resources have to be protected, taking into account the
functioning of aquatic ecosystems and the perenniality
of the resource, in order to satisfy and reconcile needs
for water in human activities. In developing and using
water resources, priority has to be given to the
satisfaction of basic needs and the safeguarding of
ecosystems.

62. The ecosystem approach:
• The ecosystem approach is a strategy for the integrated
management of water bodies that promotes
conservation and sustainable use. It is based on the
application of appropriate scientific methodologies
focused on levels of biological organization which
encompass the essential processes, functions and
interactions among organisms and their environment.
It recognizes that humans, with their cultural diversity,
are an integral component of ecosystems.
• "Ecosystem" means a dynamic complex of plant,
animal and micro-organism communities and their
non-living environment interacting as a functional unit“

70. Reclaiming rivers

75. Soil Moisture
measurement in the
soil at various depths
using ER sensors and
Arduino

76. Sensors
Ultrasonic sensor for water level Temperature and relative humidity sensor

77. Microcontroller and GSM Board
Arduino Uno Microcontroller GSM BOARD FOR SENDING SMS

78. TWEET AND CLICK
TWEET sensor for water level with GSM CLICK sensor for soil moisture with GSM

79. Ref: http://