Measures of Central Tendency: Mean, Median and Mode
Ancieent greek civilization city of miletus - saurabh p. choudhary fym.arch jnec aurangabad
1. THE ANCIENT GREEK CIVILIZATION
SAURABH P. CHOUDHARY (F. Y. M. ARCH – J.N.E.C)
2. A TYPICAL GREEK CITY
A TYP. GREEK CITY WAS BUILT AROUND ACROPOLIS WHERE THE CITY’S CHIEF
LANDMARK
TEMPLE, THE TREASURY & SOME IMPORTANT PUBLIC BUILDINGS WERE LOCATED
CENTRE OF CITY WAS AGORA – PUBLIC MEETINGS, SHOPS OF TRADERS – MAIN
LANDMARK
NODE
TRADING CENTRE OF THE CITY
POTTERS, CARPENTERS, COBBLERS, CRAFT WORKERS, ETC. WOULD HAVE THEIR
OWN STREETS FOR BUSINESS
PEDESTRIAN
PRECINCT
CITIES WERE SURROUNDED BY THICK & HIGH WALLS -PROTECTECTION EDGES
3. A TYPICAL GREEK CITY (continued)
OUTSIDE WALLS WERE GYMNASIUM – TRAINING FOR ATHLETES,
GYMNASIUM HAD PUBLIC BATHS ATTACHED PRECINCTGYMNASIUM HAD PUBLIC BATHS ATTACHED
OUTSIDE WALLS WERE THEATRE
SURROUNDING THE CITY WERE FARMLAND – CITIZENS LIVED WITHIN THE
PRECINCT
SEAM
CITY WALKED OUT FOR FARMING
MANY CASES FARMLAND STRETCHED FOR A FEW MILES BEFORE SLOPING
BARRIER
EDGES
UPWARDS MOUNTAINS – WHICH ALSO DIVIDED ONE CITY FROM OTHER
MANY CITIES WERE SITUATED ON COAST SIDE – SEA SHORE WOULD BE A
HARBOR - LOADING & UNLOADING OF SHIPS
EDGE
BARRIER
EDGEHARBOR LOADING & UNLOADING OF SHIPS
4. HIPPODAMUS (498b.c. – 408 b.c.)
WAS AN ANCIENT GREEK ARCHITECT, PLANNER & PHILOSOPHER
HE IS CONSIDERED TO BE THE “FATER OF URBAN PLANNING” & IS
FOMOUS FOR “HIPPODAMIAN PLAN” FOR GRID IRON PLAN OF CITY LAYOUTFOMOUS FOR HIPPODAMIAN PLAN FOR GRID IRON PLAN OF CITY LAYOUT
HE DIVIDED CITIZENS IN 3 CLASSES: SOLDIERS, ARTISANS & HUSBANDMEN
LAND WAS ALSO DIVIDED IN 3: SACRED, PUBLIC & PRIVATE
HIPPODAMUS PHILOSOPHY: CREATING AN ENVIORNMENT THAT EXPRESSED, NURTURED THE IDEALS
OF ITS CITIZENS
SHRINES, THEATRE, GOVT. BLDGS. MARKET PLACE & AGORA (a central space where athletic,
political, artistic & spiritual activity took place) WERE IN THE CENTRE OF THE CITY
HIPPODAMUS IS CREDITED FOR CREATING THE DIVISION OF PUBLIC SACRED & PRIVATE LAND;HIPPODAMUS IS CREDITED FOR CREATING THE DIVISION OF PUBLIC, SACRED & PRIVATE LAND;
WHAT WE NOW KNOW AS ZONING
5. HIPPODAMUS (continued)
HIPPODAMUS ARRANGED BLDGS. & STREETS SUCH THAT WINDS FROM MOUNTAINS & SEA COULD
FLOW THROUGH THE CITY – PROVIDING COOLING DURING HOT SUMMER
SOLAR ARCHITECTURE ORIENTED HOUSES TO MAKE USE OF SUN DURING WINTER WHILESOLAR ARCHITECTURE – ORIENTED HOUSES TO MAKE USE OF SUN DURING WINTER, WHILE
OBSCURING ITS RAYS DURING SUMMER
MODERN CITY EXAMPLES WITH STREET NETWORK IS OF GRID OF PERPENDICULARE LINES ARE
MEXICO CITY CHICAGO BUENOS ALRES
CAPITAL OF
ARGENTINA
MANHATTAN PIRAEUS
6. MONUMENTS
MILITUS WAS PROTECTED BY DEFENSIVE WALL ALLROUND
DURING THE ARCHAIC PERIOD TEMPLES PLACES LIKE DELPHINON (PATRON FOR SAILERS & SHIPS),
TEMPLE OF ATHENA & TEMPLE ON HILL KALABAK WERE BUILT
CLASSICAL CITY WAS LATER BUILT ACCORDING TOCLASSICAL CITY WAS LATER BUILT ACCORDING TO
HIPPODAMEIAN CITY PLAN
CENTRE OF THE CIVIC LIFE WAS DEVELOPED
IN NORTH PART, WHERE MOST PUBLIC BUILDINGS
WERE CONSTRUCTED
IN HELLENISTIC PERIOD, CITY GOT NEW AGORA,
GYMNASIUM, THEATRE
IN ROMAN ERA – BATHS, MONUMENTAL GATES
WERE CONSTRUCTED
WHICH MADE THE CITY AN IMPRESSIVE CIVIC CENTRE
OF THE ROMAN WORLD.
7. THE WALLS
SURROUNDED ALLROUND THE CITY
4 M THICK, BRICK WITH STONE FOUNDATION
REINFORCED BY TOWERS AT EVERY 60 M
TWO PHASE CONSTRUCTION OF DIFFERENT ERASTWO PHASE CONSTRUCTION OF DIFFERENT ERAS
OLDER PHASE USED POLYGONAL & LATER USED RECTANGULAR STONES
8. THE LION HARBOR
WAS SITUATED BETWEEN THEATRE HILL & NORTH HUMEY HILL &
PENETRATED DEEP INTO NORTH PENINSULA
MAIN MILITARY PORT OF CITY
LONG L-SHAPE STOAS ACCOMODATED SHOPS & STORE HOUSES, BUILT ONLONG L SHAPE STOAS ACCOMODATED SHOPS & STORE HOUSES, BUILT ON
WATERFRONT
NORTH AGORA, SOUTH TO HARBOR OFFERED ACCESS FROM
HUMEY
HILL
HARBOR TO CITY
THEATRE
HILL
LION HARBOR GATE
NORTH AGORA
9. THE TEMPLE OF ATHENA
WAS SITUATED SOUTHERN SIDE OF THEATRE
MOST ANCIENT TEMPLE OF MILETUS
WORSHIP PLACE OF LORD ATHENA – AS IN CASE OF OTHER CITIES
ERECTED ON AN ARTIFICIAL TERRACE, ACCESSIBLE THRU 2 STAIRCASEERECTED ON AN ARTIFICIAL TERRACE, ACCESSIBLE THRU 2 STAIRCASE
IN NORTH & SOUTH
MEASURING 18 x 35 M, ORIENTED SOUTH TO NORTH
10. THE WEST AGORA
WAS SITUATED SOUTHERN SIDE OF THEATRE
WAS LATEST OF THE 3 AGORAE
STADIUM, GYMNASIUM & WEST AGORA WERE PART OF BROADER PROJECT OF
PUBLIC BUILDINGS TO CATER NEEDS OF THE CITYPUBLIC BUILDINGS TO CATER NEEDS OF THE CITY
HUGE, RECTANGULAR OPEN AIR SPACE ADMEASURING 191 x 79 M
WEST AGORA
TEMPLE OF ATHENA
11. SOUTH AGORA
WAS SITUATED SOUTHERN PART OF PENINSULA
LARGEST AGORA OF ANCIENT GREEK
TO ACCOMMODATE EVENTS FOR POLITICAL,
ECONOMICAL, RELIGIOUS
NORTH GATE
NORTH GATE RECONSTRUCTION
ECONOMICAL, RELIGIOUS
126 x 161 METERS
NORTH GATE OF SOUTH AGORA IS VERY
IMP. MONUMENT
NORTH GATE WAS TWO
STOREY U-SHAPED BLDG.STOREY U SHAPED BLDG.
GATE IS RECONSTRUCTED TO ITS
ACTUAL SIZE USING ORIGINAL MATERIAL
NORTH GATE ELEVATION
12. THEATRE
WAS SITUATED NORTHERN PART OF PENINSULA
IT WAS DIRECTE SOUTH WEST
SO THAT SPECTATORS COULD ENJOY VIEW OF SEA & SOUTH PART OF CITY
SEATING CAPACITY 20,000 SEATS (EQUAL TO AURANGABAD CRICKET STADIUM)SEATING CAPACITY 20,000 SEATS (EQUAL TO AURANGABAD CRICKET STADIUM)
ARTISTS IMPRESSION ACTUAL SITE PHOTOGRAPHARTISTS IMPRESSION ACTUAL SITE PHOTOGRAPH
13. STADIUM
WAS SITUATED SOUTH SIDE OF THEATRE ADJACENT TO GYMNASIUM
STADIUM, GYMNASIUM & WEST AGORA WERE PART OF BROADER PROJECT OF
PUBLIC BUILDINGS TO CATER NEEDS OF THE CITY
RECTANGULAR STADIUM 192 x 27 M, ORIENTED WEST TO EASTRECTANGULAR STADIUM 192 x 27 M, ORIENTED WEST TO EAST
LONGER SIDES HAD 20 ROWS OF SEATS IN 12 TIERS, CAPACITY OF 14000
OPEN ON BOTH ENDS
14. THE NORTH AGORA
WAS SITUATED SOUTH OF LION HARBOR
WAS THE MAIN AGORA OF MILETUS
ITS WAS THE OLDEST AGORA OF ALL THREE
ACCOMODATION FOR OFFICIAL VISITORS & HONOURS OF GUESTSACCOMODATION FOR OFFICIAL VISITORS & HONOURS OF GUESTS
NORTH AGORA
LION HARBOR
NORTH AGORA
15. RESIDENTIAL DISTRICTS
RIGIDLY ORGANISED ALONG BASIC GRID IRON PATTTERN
COMMUNAL ACTIVITIES WERE MORE IMPORTANT THAN HOME LIFE
HOUSES HAD COURTYARDS WHICH WERE USED FOR VARIOUS RITUALS
COURTYARDS ALSO PROVIDED NATURAL LIGHT FOR SMALL HOUSESCOURTYARDS ALSO PROVIDED NATURAL LIGHT FOR SMALL HOUSES
GR. FLR. HAD KITCHEN, STORE, ANIMAL PEN, TOILETS
CHIEF ROOM WAS FOR MEN
1ST & 2ND FLRS. HAD QUARTERS FOR WOMEN & CHILDREN
QUARTERS WERE SEGREGATED FROM MENS AREA
URBAN FABRIC
TYP. DISTRICT INDIVIDUAL HOUSES
URBAN FABRIC
FINE GRAIN
EVEN TEXTURE
16. THE ANCIENT GREEK CIVILIZATION
THANK YOU
SAURABH P. CHOUDHARY (F. Y. M. ARCH – J.N.E.C)