1. Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes

2. Prokaryotic Cells
-Prokaryotes include the kingdoms of Monera (simple
bacteria). Simply stated, prokaryotes are molecules
surrounded by a membrane and cell wall. Prokaryotic cells
lack characteristic eukaryotic subcellular membrane
enclosed "organelles", but may contain membrane systems
inside a cell wall.
-Prokaryotic cells may have photosynthetic pigments, such
as is found in cyanobacteria ("blue bacteria"). Some
prokaryotic cells have external whip-like flagella for
locomotion or hair like pili for adhesion.

3. Eukaryotic Cells
Basic structure The basic eukaryotic cell contains the
following:
1. plasma membrane
2. glycocalyx (components external to the plasma membrane)
3. cytoplasm (semifluid)
4. cytoskeleton - microfilaments and microtubules that suspend
organelles, give shape, and allow motion
5. presence of characteristic membrane enclosed subcellular
organelles

4. Organelles (Parts of the Cell)
1. Cell Membrane
Allows certain materials to move into and out
of the cell. “GATEKEEPER”

5. Nucleus
Directs all cell Activities
“The Control Center”

6. Mitochondria
Releases energy stored in food.
“Power Plant of the Cell”

7. Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)
Moves materials around the cell.
“Highway System”
Ribosomes
Makes Proteins
“Protein Factories”

8. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)
Synthesis and metabolism of lipids.

9. Golgi apparatus
Packages & Sorts cellular Substances
“PACKAGING PLANT”

10. Lysosymes
A membrane bound organelle that is
responsible for degrading (DIGESTING)
proteins and membranes in the cell, and also
helps degrade materials ingested by the cell.

11. Vacuoles
Membrane surrounded "bags" that contain
water and storage materials in plant & animal
cells.

12. Plant Cells
Chloroplast: Captures light energy & stores it as chemical.
Cell Wall: Protects the Plant