3. Multi-Domain Design
Multiple Domains are interconnected and influence
each other
The electrical content of vehicles increases
More and more controls are involved
Electrical systems closely interact with other
domains
Electro-Chemical
Electro-Mechanical
Electro-Magnetic
Electro-Thermal
5. Multi-Level Design
Different analyses require different model accuracy
levels
Different analyses require different algorithms
Different accuracy levels require different modeling
languages
Model exchange from one level to the next higher
level requires model extraction
Design information must be exchanged between
different design groups
12. Compatibility
MS-Office compatible
Read and write Excel, Access
Copy & Paste to and from Word, PowerPoint,
Excel…
Windows Printing Support
Data Format compatible
ASCII
Access (*.mdb)
Excel (*.xls)
CSV (*.csv)
Comtrade (*.cfg)
SPICE (*.out)
TEK – Oscilloscope data (*.dat)
13. Post Processing
IEEE 488.2 Data
Interface (GPIB)
Graphical and
numerical data
analysis and
representation
Power Module
Channel Calculator
FFT
Presentation Mode
Matlab® and
Mathcad®
Integration
14. Component Characterization
2D, 3D, multi
dimensional
lookup table
#
L1
#C1
NL
NL_Charact
YZ
X
V3DLUT
E1
Y t
V_LUT
M3 ~B
A
C
IM1
Y t
M_LUT1
• Characteristics
• Stimuli
• Loads
Data Acquisition
Data Transfer
Data Processing
15. State Machines
Behavioral Modeling
Smart models, state
dependent step size
modification
Event driven
modification of
topologies &
parameters
Online measurement
of characteristic
values
16. Relay Model
com
no
drvm
drvp
Relay
E1 R1
E2
S1
LCoil := 250m
RSup := 680
ROn := 5m
tdbrk := 8m
tdmk := 12m
VPULL := 7
VDROP := 2
RCoil := 3
CCoil := 40n
E5
S3
E6
R3
Relay.Iin
Relay.Iout
t
14.00
-2.00
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
10.00
0 0.600.20 0.40
R1pNoRs1
Final Relay Model
Relay Macro
Symbol Editor
18. Block Diagrams
Analog and Digital Controller Modeling
CONTR_OUT
op2 := 2.5
ymax2 := 1
op1 := -2.5
ymax1 := -1
-16.66m
N"GSMP_1" LIMITER
u_limit := 20
l_limit := 0
EXT
P_GAIN
KP := 50
I_GAIN
KI := 20
P
I
LIMIT
EXT
CONST
NSET
16.666667
Each block
can be
assigned an
individual
sampling time
or run with
system time
step
PI
C/C++
Code
NL
19. DC Motor Drive System
L_R
L_S
L_T
ET1
ET2
ET3
CD
1m
R_R
R_S
R_T
Yt
LOAD
CONTR_OUT
THRES2 := 2.5
VAL2 := 1
THRES1 := -2.5
VAL1 := -1
-16.66m
DCM.N P_GAIN
KP := 50
I_GAIN
KI := 20
LIMITER
UL := 20
LL := 0
10m
GAIN GAIN
I
LIMIT
CONST
N_REF
16.6667
0.3m
M
DCM
RA := 1.2
LA := 9.5m
KE := 0.544
J := 4m
A
+
AM1D1 D2 D3
D4 D5 D6
D7
TR
CONST
CLOCK
.1m
Wiper System
20. Wiper System – Result
Motor Torque and Load Torque
Motor Speed
N_REF
N
T
20.00
-10.00 -10.00
0 0
0
0
100.00m
100.00m
50.00m
50.00mT
15.00
0
0
10.00 10.00
0
0
100.00m
100.00m
50.00m
50.00m
21. Automotive Library
Power Storages
Wires
Battery - Basic Model
Battery
Fuel Cell
Wire - Thermal static
Wire - Thermal dynamic
Wire - Thermal dynamic II
Wire with Thermal Pin
Wire - Advanced
Wire - Advanced II
Gauge based
Fuses
Wire - Thermal static
Wire - Thermal dynamic
Wire - Thermal dynamic II
Wire with Thermal Pin
Wire - Advanced
Wire - Advanced II
Fuse - Single Element
Fuse - Double Element
Fuse - Advanced
PPTC (Three RC combinations)
PPTC (Two RC Combinations)
Lamps
Lamp - Filament
Lamp - Single Filament
Lamp - Double Filament
Lamp - Advanced
Relays
Relay - Normally Open
Relay - Normally Closed
Relay - One Pole, Two Throws
Relay - Two Poles, Two Throws
Relay - Two Poles, Cross-Strap
Spark Plugs
Spark Plug
Machines
Alternator - Transient Model
Alternator - Average Model
Alternator - Current Source
Starter
DC Machine
Mechanical Models
Inertia
Friction
Fan
Ideal Gearbox
Gearbox with Losses
PWM Models
PWM
PWM Switch
PWM Load
Flasher Switch
Connectors
Inline Terminal Pair
Eyelet Terminal
Engine Models
Engine - Speed Source
Engine - Dynamic Model
Applications:
• Electrical Distribution
System of Vehicles
• Power Management
• Drive Cycle Analysis
• FMEA
• Statistical Analyses
Industries:
• Automotive
Manufacturer
• EV/EHV
• Aerospace
• Defense
• Ship Building Industry
Automotive System Library
22. Automotive Library
Yt
Y t
Battery
- +
Engine Block Ground
Chassis
Ground
To Hazzard Flasher
To Head Lamp Switch
Lamp Switch
battery1
fuse1_5Amp
fuse2_15Amp
rlyno1
S1
TS1_HIGH_LOW_Beams_Switch
Low
High
Low High
High
Low
RH HeadLamp
LH HeadLamp
Tail
Lamps
Turn Signal
Y t
Y t
QuickGraph1
N0161.V
t
14.00
-2.00
2.00
6.00
10.00
0 60.0020.00 40.00
S2
S3
D1 D2
t
60s
itp11
itp19
Probe1
t
7.50
-2.50
0
5.00
0 60.0025.00 50.00
Exterior Lighting System
Inrush Currents
Turn Signal Voltages
23. Automotive Library
Benefits
Easy to use and intuitive graphical modeling
Easy parameterization using Wizard technology
Statistical analyses, optimization and parameter variations
Characterization tool for fuses
Multiple model levels for components
Web based example database with jump start projects
Animated symbols for easy visual inspection
29. Power Library
Power Library
Power System and Cable Models
Single Phase Power Supply
Ideal Three Phase Power Supply
Three Phase Power Supply with Impedance
WIRE - Gamma Model
Wire T-Model
Inverter Topologies
Line-commutated Converters
B2 Diode Bridge
B2 Fully Controlled
B2 Half-Controlled, Symmetrical
B2 Half-Controlled, Asymmetrical
B6 Diode Bridge
Two Level Inverter Equivalent Circuit
Three Phase Two Level Inverter
Single Phase Two Level Inverter
Three Phase Three Level Inverter
Single Phase Three Level Inverter
Control Algorithms
Two Level Square Wave
Two Level Natural Sampling
Three Level Single Phase
Three Level Three Phase
Load Models
Three Level Single Phase NS
Three Level Three Phase NS
Four Quadrant Current Control
Four Quadrant Natural Sampling
B6 Thyristor Bridge
B6 Bridges - Inverse Parallel Connection
B12 Diode Bridge
B12 Thyristor Bridge Parallel Connection
B12 Thyristor Bridge Cascade
B24 Thyristor Bridge
Single Phase A.C. Chopper
Three Phase A.C. Chopper
DC Link
Three Phase RL Load
Logic
Dead Time
Applications:
• AC/DC Converters
• Inverters (DC/AC)
• Drive Systems
• Power Quality
• Alternative Power
Industries:
• Industrial Automation
• Drives Manufacturers
• EV/EHV
• Power Conversion
• Power Quality
30. Power Library
Us1
Us2
Us3
Us1
Us2
Us3
M
ω ω2
C
J1 J2
ω1
M 1 M 2
+
V
CONST
KONST1
SPR1
ein_aus
2L3_GTOS
g_r1
g_r2
g_s1
g_s2
g_t1
g_t2
2L_NSAMP
2-level natural sampling
Machine Characteristic
1.60k
-200.00
0
200.00
400.00
600.00
800.00
1.00k
1.20k
1.40k
-173.34 359.120 200.00
Stator Current
asm_k_g22.Is_d
asm_k_g22.Is_q
t
200.00
-1.40k
0
-1.20k
-1.00k
-800.00
-600.00
-400.00
-200.00
0 1.501.00
Rotor Current
asm_k_g22.Ir_d
asm_k_g22.Ir_q
t
1.40k
-200.00
0
200.00
400.00
600.00
800.00
1.00k
1.20k
0 1.501.00
CONST
Omega
Uf
Ua
M
ω
Torque
350.00
-150.00
0
-100.00
100.00
200.00
300.00
0 1.501.00
Direct inverter
driven squirrel
cage induction
machine with
2-level natural
sampling
control and
mechanical
load
31. Power Library
Benefits
Predefined macro models of frequently used power
electronic topologies
Includes common control algorithms
Auxiliary elements, such as power grid models and loads
System level models for rapid computation of overall
system behavior, power quality and control algorithms
Easy and intuitive graphical building blocks
32. Mechanical Elements Library
Rotational
Mass
Translational
Mass
Coordinate Transformation
Rotational-Rotational
Rotational-Translational
Translational-Rotational
SYMP Synchronous Machine Permanent Excitation
SYMP Synchronous Machine Permanent Excitation w Damper
Electrical Machines
DCMP DC-Machine Permanent Excitation
ASMS Slip Ring Induction Machine
Rigidity
Rigidity
Torque Source
Ground
Angular Velocity Source
Velocity Source
Ground
Force Source
Translational-Translational
Mechanical Systems
Applications:
• Drive Trains
• Electro-Hydraulic
Systems
• Electro-Mechanical
Systems
• Load Variations
Industries:
• Automotive Suppliers
• Drive Manufacturers
• Industrial Automation
• Defense
• Aerospace
33. Mechanical Elements Library
ET1
Square_wave1.VAL
M
DCMP
Dcmp1
J := 2m
STF
Stf1 M
DCMP
Dcmp2
J := 2m
M
DCMP
Dcmp3
J := 2m
STF
Stf2
J
Mas1
J := 10m
Dcmp1.VA
Dcmp2.VA
Dcmp3.VA
t
250.00
-250.00
0
-100.00
100.00
0 1.000.50
Dcmp1.OMEGA
Dcmp2.OMEGA
Dcmp3.OMEGA
Mas1.OMEGA
t
200.00
-200.00
0
-100.00
100.00
0 1.000.50
Mas1.MACX
t
1.25k
-1.25k
0
-500.00
500.00
0 1.000.50
Motor-generator
combination driving a
mass with limitations
34. Mechanical Elements Library
Benefits
Non-linear friction models incl. stick friction
Non-linear rigidity models incl. backlash
Fast computing 1D modeling approach based on
SIMPLORER C-Code interface
Electrical Machine model implementation with mechanical
pins provide connectivity between electrical and
mechanical world
Schematic based graphical modeling with mechanical
building blocks
37. VHDL-AMS Code for a Resistor
ENTITY Resistor IS
PORT (
QUANTITY r : REAL := 1.0e+03; -- Default = 1 K
TERMINAL p,m : ELECTRICAL);
END ENTITY Resistor;
ARCHITECTURE Rbehav1 OF Resistor IS
QUANTITY voltage ACROSS current THROUGH p TO m;
BEGIN
current == voltage/r;
END behav;
mp
Resistor
r := 1.0e3
Rbehav1
r
38. Architecture 3
Architecture 2
Architecture 1
Entity and Architecture
Entity
Interface description of a
subsystem or physical
device
Specifies input and output
ports to the model
Architecture
Behavior description of the
model
Can be dataflow,
structural, procedural, etc
Modeling can deal with
both analog (continuous)
and digital (discrete)
domains
output ports
input ports
inout ports
Architecture 2
Architecture 1
Entity
50. SIM2SIM
SIMPLORER to Simulink Interface
SIMPLORER
Simulink
• Co-Simulation Interface
• Link blocks in both
packages
• Using SIMPLORER's
external simulator
integration interface and
S-function in Matlab
• Co-Simulation Interface
is an open API that can
be used for other
simulation packages
56. SIMPLORER – Advisor Link
SIMPLORER Single Voltage Electrical Automobile System Template
voltage
regulator curve
Regulator
Generator
p
mGeneratorPower
p
m
BatteryPower
RearDefrost FrontHVAC
Engine BrakeLightsMisc ExternalLights
HeatedSeats
FrontWipers
RearWipers Radio
TurnSignalRadiatorFan
RearHVAC
generic
generator
generator
Battery
Loads
Starter
p
m
®
Simulation properties:
Step width max 100m
Step width min 100u
Simulation end time 1369
GAIN
Battery
-+
pm
LoadPower
+
V
VM1
A
+
AM1
generic
generator
generator1
SiM2SiMSIMPLORER Link Interface
SiM2SiM
50
58. Complete Set of Analyses
DC Analysis
NINV
INV
OUT
+
-
NSC_LM_7411
NINV
INV
OUT
+
-
NSC_LM_7412
NINV
INV
OUT
+
-
NSC_LM_7413
R1
10k
R2
10k
R3
10k
R4
10k
Rp
15916
R1p
10k
C1
100p
C2
1n
E1 +
V VM
Rfp
30k
R9
30k
R
15916
OP: -0.00100994 V
OP: -0.00405477 V
OP: -7.9752e-006 V
OP: 0.999992 V
OP: 0.998936 V
OP: 3.99573 V
OP: 0.000980576 V
OP: -3.98873 V
OP: 1 V
60. Experiments
1D, 2D & 3D Parameter Sweep
Monte Carlo
Sensitivity
Worst Case
Optimization
Simplex Algorithm
Successive Approximation
Genetic Algorithms
