4. Blood performs three major
functions:
transport through the body of
oxygen and carbon dioxide
food molecules (glucose, lipids, amino acids)
ions (e.g., Na+, Ca2+, HCO3−)
wastes (e.g., urea)
hormones
defense of the body against infections and other foreign
materials. All the WBCs participate in these defenses.
Homeostatic functions
- heat
- water- salt balance
- Acid – base balance
- osmosis
- blood clotting
- formation of hormonoids
5.
6. Red Blood Cells (erythrocytes)
The most numerous type in the blood .
•Features:
•The erythrocytes doesn’t contain nucleus, chromatine
•The erythrocytes doesn’t contain mytochondrias, thus АТP
producing due to the anaerobic glycolisis till to the lactate
(∼90%).
•The glycolisis has features. During it the 2,3 BPG will be
produced, not 1,3 BPG. This compound need for joining О2 to
hemoglobin: low concentration of 2,3 BPG will increase the
affinity hemoglobin (Нв) to О2.
• The PPP is the main path for producing of reductive
equivalents NADPН2 for taking part in glycolisis
7. Red blood cells are responsible for the
transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
In adult humans the
hemoglobin (Hb) molecule
consists of four
polypeptides:
two alpha (α) chains of
141 amino acids and
two beta (β) chains of
146 amino acids
Each of these is attached
the prosthetic group heme.
There is one atom of iron at
the center of each heme.
One molecule of oxygen
can bind to each heme.
The reaction is reversible.
8.
9. At norm it 65-85 g/l of proteins.
In newborn it less concentration.
Albumins is 35-50 g/l. In newborn it less concentration.
Globulins are:
α1 globulins – 1-4 g/l
α2 globulins – 4-8 g/l
β globulins – 6-12 g/l
γ globulins – 8-16 g/l
Concentration of γ globulins is higher in newborn.
Fibrinogen is 2-4 g/l.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17. sinusoids
central vein
portal vein
bile canaliculi
bile duct
hepatic artery
