Relational Databases For An Efficient Data Management And...

Relational Databases For An Efficient Data Management And...
1 Introduction
Since 1960 and beyond the need for an efficient data management and retrieval of data has always
been an issue due to the growing need in business and academia. To resolve these issues a number of
databases models have been created. Relational databases allow data storage, retrieval and
manipulation using a standard Structured Query Language (SQL). Until now, relational databases
were an optimal enterprise storage choice. However, with an increase in growth of stored and
analyzed data, relational databases have displayed a variety of limitations. The limitations of
scalability, storage and efficiency of queries due to the large volumes of data [1] [2].
In order to overcome these limitations, a new database model known as Not Only SQL (NoSQL)
database emerged with a set of new features. The main objective of NoSQL is not to discard SQL,
but to be used as an alternative database data model for new features [1] [2] [3]. NoSQL database
increases the performance of relational databases by a set of new characteristics and advantages. In
contrast to relational databases, NoSQL databases introduced an additional feature that provides
flexible and horizontal scalability and taking advantage of new clusters. The rise of NoSQL provides
cost–effective management of data in modern web applications. With its new features, NoSQL can
be used with applications that have a large transaction, and require low–latency access to huge
datasets, service availability while
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E Commerce : A Storage Environment
We use database in our everyday life and some of the common uses of databases are given below:
Personal Cloud Storage: When in our any type of storage device like a phone or a tablet we are
saving documents like a photo or an audio file we are saving it in a cloud. Now the cloud here is a
storage environment presented to us by syncing data through a powerful database, we not only store
data but can call the data anytime and retrieve it.
Social Media: User information is required by every social media platform which is stored by
databases to provide the end user with recommendation of friends, topics, businesses and products
of preference.
E–commerce: Database is used by any type of online organization to orient and organize their
products, customer information, record of purchase, pricing information to further recommend about
potential products to their customers This data is stored in highly secured database and the quality of
security is attained by PCI(Payment Card Industry) standard.
Healthcare: For an easy access hospitals, clinics and other organizations of healthcare store patient's
information which are large in amount. A group of huge databases are used to store these
information. The security of such databases are protected by the standard of HIPAA compliance.
Even information regarding insurance of health is organized by a NoSQL database for example
Cassandra..
Finances: Finance industry requires plentiful databases to store information, the picture

Why Some Companies Use Couchbase Instead Of Other Servers...
The couchbase data storage becomes clear when we look at the reasons of why some companies use
Couchbase instead of other servers. For instance, LinkedIn has chosen Couchbase to handle the big
number of users that is around 225 million members around the world. Couchbase has features like
scalability of high data and access availability that the company needs for logging, monitoring and
analyzing the activities of their big users. At first LinkedIn used Memcached to store their data, but
found that Memcached used independent requests that do not share data between them. This causes
data conflict and slows the application performance. Then, LinkedIn replaced Memcached with a
Couchbase Server that provides fast and scalable storages to handle their previous and new data
(www.couchbase.com). What is Couchbase Mobile? With the development of technology, storing
huge data is not the ultimate task of data administrators. They want users to have the ability to share
data among multiple mobile devices. So, Couchbase Mobile is defined as NoSQL databases that is
used in mobile. It delivers easy access to data either with a network connection or without it.
Couchbase Mobile consists of three elements: Couchbase Sync Gateway, Couchbase Lite, and
Couchbase Server (www.couchbase.com). The Couchbase Sync Gateway is a way to securely link
the data between the mobile and the cloud by using web–facing cloud. Sync Gateway assists the
process of synchronization because it provides balance

Essay On Nosql
NoSQL databases
Study Report
Nikitha Edunuri
800817767
Table of Contents
Introduction III
Abstract IV
Overview of NoSQL V
Data Model VI
Document base model VI
Key–value Stores VII
Graph Stores VII
Wide Column stores VIII
Criteria to be considered IX
Conclusion XI
References XI
INTRODUCTION
I was always inspired by the idea of storing large amounts of structured and unstructured data.
Therefore I chose to finish my concentration in Data Management.
I have finished the following courses as my concentration requirement:
ITCS 6162 Knowledge Discovery in databases
ITCS 6160 Database Systems
ITCS 6100 Big data Analytics for Competitive Advantage
The course Big data Analytics for Competitive Advantage has thrown some light about 3V 's
Volume, Variety and Velocity at which the data is growing day by day and how this huge data is
dealt with. From Knowledge discovery in databases, I learnt how useful data can be extracted from a
large pile of unstructured data. In Database systems, I learnt how relational databases ruled for
decades.
In this report I am going to discuss about No SQL databases and the criterion that are to be taken
into consideration when choosing a database that best supports your product. NoSQL databases

enclose a variety of database technologies and was developed in response to rise in volume of data
unlike relational databases which were built to handle structured data [1].
ABSTRACT
Until the last decade choosing a

The Case Concerns The Best Barbeque Dinner
We live in a period in which we are all joined over the Internet and hope to discover results
promptly, whether the inquiry concerns the best barbeque dinner for sure to purchase wife for her
birthday. We likewise anticipate that the outcomes will be helpful and custom–made to our needs. In
view of this, organizations have gotten to be centered on conveying more focused on data, for
example, suggestions or online advertisements, and their capacity to do as such specifically impact
their prosperity as a business. Frameworks like Hadoop now empower them to assemble
furthermore, transform petabytes of information, and the need to gather significantly more
information proceeds to increment with, for instance, the improvement of new machine ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These thoughts were then executed outside of Google as a feature of the open source Hadoop
venture: HDFS and MapReduce.
Hadoop exceeds expectations at putting away information of discretionary, or even unstructured
arrangements, since it gives us a chance to choose how to decipher the information at investigation
time, permitting to change the way we order the information whenever: once we have upgraded the
calculations, essentially run the examination once more. Hadoop additionally supplements existing
database frameworks of any sort. It offers a boundless pool into which one can sink information and
still haul out what is required when the time is correct. It is streamlined for substantial document
stockpiling and clump situated, gushing access. This makes investigation simple and quick, however
clients additionally need access to the last information, not in cluster mode however utilizing
arbitrary access–this is similar to a full table sweep versus utilizing files in a database framework
Why RDBMS cannot support huge data sets of today's requirements?
Three V's of Big Data: Volume, Variety and Velocity.
One of the most serious issues with RDBMSs is that they are not yet up to the requests of Big Data.
The volume of obliged information taking care of today is expanding exponentially. Facebook
houses 2.5 PB (Peta Bytes) of transferred photographs. Google forms 26PB of

Swot Analysis : Nosql Dbs
CS 557 Writing Assignment #2
Naveen Chitturi
Introduction to the topic of NoSQL DBs
Relational database systems came into existence in the 1970's, and revolutionized the way data is
maintained in computers. Like every technology that is subjected to test of time, relational database
systems are under criticism for not being scalable enough to meet growing users and exponentially
increasing data management needs. Today, a new technology called NoSQL is being pioneered by
leading companies like Google, Amazon, and Facebook etc. to meet the shortcomings of the 40–
year–old relational database technology. Modern web applications are making a transition from
traditional relational databases to NoSQL databases to meet the demand of steadily growing
concurrent users and big data.
NoSQL today stands for 'Not only SQL' and encompasses a myriad of different database
technologies that can cope up with scale and agility challenges faced by modern applications. It
provides the capability to store unstructured data, which is not possible using RDBS. The major
advantage of using a NoSQL DB is horizontally scalability, that is, cheap infrastructure can be
newly added to improve performance instead of upgrading an already expensive system. There are
four types of NoSQL databases, as follows
Document store: These store complex data structures known as documents, by associating them with
a unique key. Documents can contain many key–value pairs and can even nest other documents. E.g.
MongoDB,

Analysis Of Nosql Database Management Depending On The...
ANALYSIS NOSQL DATABASE MANAGEMENT DEPENDING ON THE FEATURES AND
DIFFERENTIATION OF RDBMS
ZAHRAA MUSTAFAABDULRAHMAN AL–ANI
JUNE 2015
A THESIS SUBMITTED TO
THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF NATURAL AND APPLIED
SCIENCES OF
ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY
BY
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE
DEGREE OF
MASTER OF SCIENCE
IN
THE DEPARTMENT OF
MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCEINFORMATION TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
JUNE 2015
ABSTRACT
AL–ANI, Zahraa Mustafa Abdulrahman
M.Sc., Department of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In this paper, we will review one of the graph database (Neo4j), which the graph database is part of
the emerging technology that is called NoSQL and compared it with one of the traditional relational

databases (MySQL). MySQL, it is being another name for Relational Databases and it has been used
for a long time period until now. However, with the emergence of Big Data there was clearly a need
for more flexible databases. Facebook 's Graph Search use Neo4j, a graph database, is an application
which clearly displays how relationships need to be modeled in a more efficient and sophisticated
manner than using conventional relational models. In this paper, we will make a comparison
between MySQL and Neo4j based on the features like ACID, replication, availability and the
language that is used in both of them.
Keywords: RDBMS, NoSQL, Relational Databases, MySQL, Neo4j, ACID.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABSTRACT ..............................................................................................
TABLE OF CONTENTS.........................................................................
LIST OF FIGURES .............................................................................
CHAPTERS:
1. INTRODUCTION..........................................................................1
1.1 Motivation................................................................................3
1.2 Aim Of The Study........................................................................3
1.3 Scope Of The Study.................................................................... 3
1.4 Thesis question ..........................................................................3
2. LITERATURE REVIEW ................................................................4
2.1 Data.......................................................................................4
2.2 Database..................................................................................4
2.3

Data Storage Model Nosql Databases Essay
Data Storage Model NoSQL Databases
Document Databases MongoDB, IBM Cloudant, RethinkDB, Elasticsearch , CouchDB, ArangoDB,
OrientDB, Couchbase Server, SequoiaDB, Clusterpoint Server, JSON ODM, NeDB, Terrastore,
RavenDB, AmisaDB, JasDB, RaptorDB, Djondb, densodb, SisoDB, SDB, NoSQL embedded db,
ThruDB, iBoxDB, BergDB, MarkLogic Server, EJDB (Mohamed et al., 2014; Okman et al., 2011).
Figure 3. Document Store Type (Saladage, 2014).
3.4 Graph Databases – There are few NoSQL Databases store information in a graphical model
which scales athwart numerous machines. This model is appropriate for data relationships which are
preeminent portrayed as a graph, for example, public transport links, social relations, network
topologies or road maps. (Zaki, 2014).
Table 4. Graphics Store Type Database
Data Storage Model NoSQL Databases
Graph Databases ArangoDB, Neo4J, OrientDB, Infinite Graph, Sparksee, TITAN, HyperGraphDB,
GraphBase, Trinity, BrightstarDB, Meronymy, WhiteDB, OpenLink Virtuoso, AllegroGraph,
VertexDB, FlockDB, weaver, BrightstarDB, Bigdata, Execom IOG, Fallen 8, InfoGrid. (Mohamed
et al., 2014)
Figure 4. Graphics Store Type (Saladage, 2014).
Table 5. Foremost Companies' NoSQL Databases (Fidelis Cybersecurity, 2014).
Company Name NoSQL Name NoSQL Storage Type
LinkedIn Voldemort Key–Value
BestBuy Riak Key–Value
Twitter Cassandra Column eBay Cassandra | MongoDB Column | Document
Adobe HBase Column
Google Bigtable Column
MongoHQ MongoDB

Mongodb : The Most Prominent Nosql Database Framework
INTRODUCTION
MongoDB is one of numerous cross–stage archive situated databases. Named a NoSQL database,
MongoDB shuns the customary table–based social database structure for JSON–like archives with
element constructions (MongoDB calls the organization BSON), making the combination of
information in specific sorts of utilizations less demanding and quicker. Discharged under a mix of
the GNU Affero General Public License and the Apache License, MongoDB is free and open–source
programming.
Initially grew by the product organization 10gen in October 2007 as a part of an arranged stage as an
administration item, the organization moved to an open source improvement show in 2009, with
10gen offering business backing and different administrations. From that point forward, MongoDB
has been received as backend programming by various real sites and administrations, including
Craigslist, eBay, Foursquare, Source Forge, Viacom, and the New York Times among others.
MongoDB is the most prominent NoSQL database framework.
DESCRIPTION:
MongoDB was first developed by the software company 10gen now called as MongoDB Inc. in
October 2007 as a component of a planned platform as a service product, the company shifted to an
open source development model in 2009, with 10gen offering commercial support and other
services. Since then, MongoDB has been adopted as backend software by a number of major
websites and services, including Craigslist, eBay, Foursquare, Source Forge, and The New York
Times,

Investigation Mysql Database And Neo4j Database
INVESTIGATION IN MYSQL DATABASE AND NEO4J DATABASE
JUNE 2015 INVESTIGATION IN MYSQL DATABASE AND NEO4J DATABASE
SCIENCES OF
ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY
BY
DEGREE OF
MASTER OF SCIENCE
IN
THE DEPARTMENT OF
JUNE 2015 Title of the Thesis: Investigation In MySQL Database And Neo4j Database
Submitted by Zahraa Al–ani
Approval of the Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Çankaya University.
Prof. Dr. Taner ALTUNOK ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I also declare that, as required by these rules and conduct, I have fully cited and referenced all
material and results that are not original to this work.
Name, Last Name : Zahraa Al–ani
Signature :
Date : 18.06.2015

ABSTRACT
INVESTIGATION IN MYSQL DATABASE AND NEO4J DATABASE
M.Sc., Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Information Technology Program
Supervisor: Assist. Prof. Dr. Abdül Kadir GÖRÜR
June 2015, 55 Pages
Currently, there are two major of database management systems which are used to deal with data,
the first one called Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) which is the traditional
relational databases, it deals with structured data and have been popular since decades from 1970,
while the second one called Not only Structure Query Language databases (NoSQL), they have been
dealing with semi–structured and unstructured data; the NoSQL term was introduced for the first
time in 1998 by Carlo Strozzi and Eric Evans reintroduced the term NoSQL in early 2009, and now
the NoSQL types are gaining their popularity with the development of the internet and the social
media. NoSQL are intending to override the cons of RDBMS, such as fixed schemas, JOIN
operations and handling the scalability problems. With the appearance of Big Data,

Disadvantages And Disadvantages Of Nosql (Not Only SQL?
What is NoSQL?
NoSQL (Not Only SQL) is database design approach that incorporates a range of models, for
example, document, graph and key–value. NoSQL databases do not use SQL as database querying
language. NoSQL is an alternative to traditional relational databases, where data is placed in tables
and data schema is carefully designed before the database is built, this is different from NoSQL as
NoSQL is designed for speed and for projects where coding/developing can be implemented
immediately rather than the careful design of a database.(Rouse, Vaughan, & Beal, 2017)
NoSQL has no fixed schemas or joins, which are typical of SQL operated databases. It is also
important to note that NoSQL is not a replacement for RDMS, but it complements the ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
NoSQL databases are classified by the data model. Some of the examples are listed below.
MongoDB
MongoDB is a NoSQL document database that is scalable and flexible but allows querying and
indexing. MongoDB is free and open–source, so it can be changed to suit any needs. (MongoDB,
2017b)
MongoDB stores data in documents like JSON, this allows for fields to vary between documents
and also allows the data structure to be changed over time. It also allows Ad–Hoc queries and
indexing to allow users to analyze data easily.
Apache Cassandra
Cassandra is a NoSQL column database which provides linear scalability and proven fault tolerance,
this is done as Cassandra automatically replicated to multiple nodes, it also replaces failed nodes
with no downtime. Cassandra is also decentralised, which means there are no points of failure or no
network bottlenecks. (Cassandra, 2017)
Redis
Redis is one of the most popular and widely–used key–value store implementations. Redis holds its
key value–pairings in memory, making quick access. If data durability can be sacrificed, this means
that memory–only boasts very fast performance. (Mayo, 2016)
HBase
This is a free and open source implementation of Google's BigTable. Some of HBase's features

Defining Nosql Database And Its Classification Essay
Introduction
The rapid growth in the world of technology has influenced the way we communicate, shop, learn,
and share information. The development of technology led database analysts and administrators to
find more convenient ways to store the big amount of data. Big data is known as expression in the
tech–world. It is defined as a huge collection of data that cannot be managed by relational databases
(Moniruzzaman and Hossain 1). So, developers start to use non–relational databases (NoSQL) to
arrange and store the Big data. In order to understand how developers solve the storing issue of the
big amount of data and provide systems that can sync data between multiple devices, we need to
start with a brief background of NoSQL databases to understand Couchbase system. The purpose of
this paper is to define NoSQL database, compare it with SQL database, define Couchbase and
describe how Couchbase is synchronizing data between multiple devices, especially Couchbase
Mobile.
The outline of this paper consists of the following sections. Section 1 introduces NoSQL database
and its classifications. Section 2 gives a brief comparison between NoSQL database and SQL
database. Section 3 explains document oriented databases. Section 4 defines Couchbase. Section 5
describes Couchbase Mobile and provides an example of its use in synchronizing data between
multiple mobile devices.
Definition of NoSQL Databases
NoSQL databases are defined as non–relational data management systems that is

A Survey On Nosql Database And Relational Database
ABSTRACT
MIN HE. A survey on NoSQL database and relational database. (Under the direction of DR.
JIANPING FAN)
NoSQL database, also called as not only SQL database, is using a different data storage and retrieval
mechanism from the relational tables adopted by traditional relational database management system.
In the sense of CAP (Consistency, availability and tolerance) theorem, NoSQL database sacrifices
some consistency features to get more availabilities and partition tolerances. In most cases, NoSQL
database systems are distributed and parallel, although the RDBMS is still dominating the database
market, the NoSQL databases are becoming more and more popular and in a tendency of catching
up, especially in the domains of SNS and major Internet companies, which requires large–scale data
storage for massively–parallel data processing across a large number of commodity servers. The
purpose of this report is to understand main characteristics of the NoSQL database and compare the
strengths and weaknesses of NoSQL databases over the RDBMS. NoSQL database has witnessed
rapid development since it was first used by Carlo Strozzi in 1998. Various systems were
implemented by using different approaches: column, document, key–value, graph, etc. In this report,
I will also present the main features of those different models and compare their advantages and
disadvantages. Introduction Not only the development of Big Data brings big opportunities, but it
also brings big

What Makes An Enterprise Nosql Database Different From Non...
What makes an Enterprise NoSQL database different from Non–Enterprise is the way it handles
enterprise–class and enterprise scale application. Enterprise NoSQL needs to be secure because
security of the modern enterprise is built in such a way that it does not allow user, as well as
developers, access to data stored in the database especially its sensitive data. That is why some
NoSQL vendors advertise their product as having better security privileges that meet the standards
of a number of Government and business programs. Also, its robustness needs to be proven reliable
with good uptime to satisfy service level agreements. This is necessary especially to professionals
who need to store data without experiencing any data loss or data redundancy. It also needs to meet
the needs of ACID which means the enterprise application should be atomic, consistent, isolated,
and durable for its transactions that way it enables the support of several document transaction
formats. The ability to support real–time indexing and full text search is necessary to meet the real–
time requests of data in whatever forms or formats the request is received. Modern search
capabilities such as wildcards, phrase search, etc. need to be supported by the enterprise NoSQL.
That way, all the index functions are updated in real–time.
For the purpose of this paper, we are going to focus on these three type of NoSQL database
BigTable, Cassandra, DynamoDB. BigTable:
What we should know about BigTable;

The Developmental History Of Nosql And The Fundamental...
Abstract
The demands on database technology have been ever expanding since its introduction in the 1960's.
Today traffic on the internet requires that millions upon millions of records be stored and queried
each second. Data must be highly available and quickly retrievable. These requirements put together
have given rise to new forms of database technologies collectively called "NoSQL" or "Not Only
SQL". NoSQL eschews the strict guidelines that govern the creation and function of traditional
relational databases. These guidelines are put aside in order to rise to the new demands of an
increasingly interconnected world. The rigorous standards and data definitions of relational
databases give way in order to provide the ability to rapidly ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
NoSQL is able to address the massive traffic loads experienced by database servers at corporations
that specialize in data processing like Google, Facebook and Amazon. NoSQL technologies can
provide near constant availability, massive user concurrency and lightning fast responses. There are
four primary NoSQL database implementation types being used today: document based, wide
column (or columnar), key–value and graph. The different properties of SQL and NoSQL databases
will be examined and an overview of each NoSQL implementation type along with an example will
be given.
ACID v. BASE: Eventual consistency Standard SQL databases adhere to what are commonly called
the "ACID" properties. This means that the database must be atomic, consistent, isolated and
durable. Atomic means that each attribute cannot be broken into sub groups. Consistent means that
the database displays only the latest data; there are no older versions of data present within the
database unless by design. Isolated means that no transactions will interfere with one another; i.e.
two concurrent users changing the same data in the database will not end with incorrect results; the
transactions will be processed separately. Durable means that once changes have been made they
will remain in place and not revert to their prior state (Pritchett, 2008). The ACID properties can be
crucial to certain business models; financial transactions might require

Implementing Nosql Databases On The Critical Line Of...
The following represent the key reasons for companies to implement NoSQL databases in their
critical line of business applications.
5.1 Amazon
Response times directly impact customer satisfaction and revenue thus are more important today
with businesses having many competitors just a click away. NoSQL solutions like Apache
Cassandra have the ability to write data faster and deliver compared to RDBMS. Amazon found that
every 100ms decrease in site response time gave them 1% more in revenue.
5.2 Ooyala
Scalability and performance go hand in hand, with companies needing to accommodate new users
and data volumes in their line of business applications. Traditional architectures have failed to
predict correctly. Ooyala choose Cassandra over ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Netflix, which is one of largest cloud application in the world, uses Cassandra to make sure zero
downtime for its customers, storing 95% of its data in Cassandra.
5.4 Adobe
The term "location independence" means being able to read and write to a database regardless of
where that input/output operation occurs and to have any write functionality propagating from that
location, so that it is available to users and machines at other sites. Such functionality is very
difficult to architect for relational databases. Cassandra allows both read and write capability with its
peer–to–peer architecture and thus delivers true data location independence. Adobe appreciated this
feature and used it in marketing cloud application. It runs it's DataStax Enterprise/Cassandra
database cluster between two data centres just to ensure that its customers can both read as well as
write data fast no matter where they are located.
5.5 NASA
Owing to a flexible data model, ability to accommodate structured, semi–structured and
unstructured data of Cassandra, NASA has deployed it for some specific purposes.
NASA uses it for security applications to track hardware and software patches and deals with data
that is both structured and unstructured and allowed them to insert data much more smoothly than
prior RDBMS, and achieved this with reduced query response.
6. Cost–Benefit Analysis
To derive a cost–benefit analysis, we have compared benefits such as latency, operations/sec

A Database Problem Before Recommending Sql, Nosql Or Bigdata
1. What things would you want to know about a database problem before recommending a SQL or
NoSQL or BigData solution, that would help you make that recommendation?
Ans) The things that we consider before recommending SQL, NoSQL or BigData are:
Scalability:
NoSQL databases are designed to expand transparently and horizontally to take advantage of new
nodes, and designed with low–cost hardware. SQL have problems in Scalability.
Data Capability:
RDBMS are intolerable for large data volumes. NoSQL distributed databases, allow data to be
spread across thousands of servers and can store large volume of data.
Maintaining is Cheaper:
Maintaining RDBMS systems is expensive and need highly trained DBAs. On the other hand,
NoSQL databases require ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Ans) SQL is considered a better choice because of following reasons:
SQL will be a best fit where we need 100% consistency of data, such as most of financial problems
which cannot be achieved by NoSQL database.
SQL offers more efficient access control and permission management tools and offers better
performance in data collection.
SQL offers data compression techniques so that data size can be reduced.
SQL offers strong authentication and access protection and has better password management too.
SQL automatically updates security patches to reduce maintenance costs.
3. Describe in a few sentences a business or computational problem you would want to solve with a
NoSQL database, and what makes NoSQL a better choice in this case?
Ans) NoSQL database are better choice when we have tables whose size is in TB, PB ets.., and most
of their data is not inter–related so they can just treat them as key value pairs. With NoSQL data can
be distributed across several nodes across countries i.e Sharding. NoSQL support auto–sharding,
means that they automatically spread data across an arbitrary number of servers. NoSQL databases
are more scalable and provide superior performance, and their data model addresses several issues
that the relational model is not designed to address:
Large volumes of structured, semi–structured, and unstructured data
Agile sprints,

What A Nosql ( Not Only Sql ) Database And Document...
Table of Contents
1. Introduction 2
1.1 Purpose 2
1.2 Background 2
1.3 Resources 2
2. Body of Discussion 2
2.1 What are NoSQL Databases 2
2.2 CAP 2
2.3 Base 3
2.4 Polygot Persistence 3
2.5 MongoDB 4
Conclusion 4
References 4
1. Introduction
1.1 Purpose
The purpose of this report will be to understand what a NoSQL (Not Only SQL) database and
document database is, specifically MongoDB while looking at the document database.
1.2 Background
According to (Edlich, P. 2015) he states that "The original intention has been modern web–scale
databases. The movement began early 2009 and is growing rapidly." When describing why NoSQL
databases were created.
1.3 Resources
This report will feature references to websites, books, slides and lecture documents for the
information used.
2. Body of Discussion
2.1 What are NoSQL Databases
NoSQL databases are databases designed to run on clusters of computers/servers, built for the ever–
increasing data storage needs for websites. Devised as a way of scaling databases horizontally which
is a challenge with traditional relational databases. Scaling horizontally is the ability to add more
computers/servers as nodes to a database. These "clusters" work well with write–heavy systems and
allow increase storage and processing power limited only by the number of connections you can
have on the network. Defined as No–Schema, No–SQL data structures mean they are not limited to
the original data structure. Objects and fields etc can be implemented at

A Study Of Nosql Implementation Techniques
A Study of NoSQL Implementation Techniques Utilized in Facilitating Business Intelligence
Group #2
Meghana Balihallimath
Yadnesh Bandekar
Sri Kartheek Dalapathi
Sarah Fulkerson
Manikandan Narayanan
Claudia Rodriguez
INSY 5337
May 5, 2015
Abstract: Introduction to NoSQL
NoSQL databases are a significant departure from the relational model that has dominated the
business world for the past few decades. Standing for "Not Only SQL," these products are all some
variation of a non–relational, key–value pair database, and they are becoming very popular with
companies that use Big Data and prioritize speed or availability over consistency of data.
There are four main types of NoSQL databases. The simplest NoSQL databases ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
These databases rely on the internal metadata of the documents in order to index the data, which
may vary from document to document. Finally, graph databases excel at dealing with data that is
highly interconnected, such as the relationships on a social networking site. The database consists of
nodes which store both data and metadata about the relationship of the node to other nodes. Graph
databases are frequently limited by the need to embed the entire database on one device.
In this paper, we explore a popular example of each type of database and examine what kinds of
problems these products are best suited to solve.
Key–Value Databases: Redis
A key–value database is a type of unstructured database designed for very fast retrieval of
information. The data is referred to as the "value" and is linked to by a unique "key" which can be
composed of several different data types. It is quite different from a relational database in that it
does not store values in tables, rows or columns. A relational database "User" table might look
something like this:
ID First Name Last Name

1 Abc Efg
2 Hij Klm
3 Nop qrs
Let's say we want to create database table for User records, but the information differs from user to
user. Using a key–value DB, the records might look something like the following:
Key: 1 ID :
Kevin88 First Name: Sam
Key: 2 Google mail: jb@gmail.com Location: London Age: 37
Key: 3 Mavs ID:
Mannone@mavs.uta.edu Last Name:
Mannone Status :

Nosql Essay
The relevance of NoSQL in the future SQL has dominated databases for a considerable length of
time. The shared database show began to ascend in the 1970s and promptly grabbed balance. Its
usage been in existence for forty years and sometime later, SQL is so far, the most used sort of
database. As shown by db–engines.com, the four of the leading five most prominent databases are
social; the main NoSQL database to get through the best five is MongoDB, which has overwhelmed
PostgreSQL's fourth–place. A part of the best locales out there uses SQL to inquiry their
information, including Facebook and Airbnb. NoSQL will be around in the future because it reflects
the ability to give significant functionality, and performance benefits for a ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The modern RDBMS advancements are not capable of supporting unstructured information with
ideal space necessity. The plan winds up plainly mind–boggling and is henceforth troublesome for
designers. The requirement for unstructured information administration is so annoying with
conventional RDBMS arrangements (Big data in financial services industry: Market trends,
challenges, and prospects 2013 – 2018). Moreover, RDBMS turns out to be an exorbitant answer for
creating light–footed web applications with direct information investigation necessities. NoSQL is
developing as a proficient possibility in this situation, which connects the issues related with
RDBMS innovation. The market development can credit to creative dispatches of NoSQL
arrangements, and collective endeavors by NoSQL sellers and clients. The endeavors of
organizations, to enhance their market offerings, are creating the request of NoSQL, as a back–end
bolster (Big data in financial services industry: Market trends, challenges, and prospects 2013 –
2018). The emergence of agile software development is creating the demand for NoSQL (Big data in
financial services industry: Market trends, challenges, and prospects 2013 – 2018). They offer users
much more avenues to accept data in many different forms. NoSQL is adaptable as SQL but offers
many more uses that can apply to many organizations. NoSQL data stores permit stored data to
remain in a form

Security Of Nosql Database Against Intruders Essay
Security of NoSQL Database against Intruders
Abstract
The evolution of distributed web based applications and cloud computing have generated the
demand to store voluminous of big data in distributed databases efficiently to offer excessive
availability and scalability to users. The new type of database resolves many new challenges
especially in large–scale and high concurrency applications which are not present in relational
database. These new sorts of databases are not relational by using explanations and hence they do
not prop up whole SQL performance. As progressively insightful big data is being saved in NoSQL
databases, it is essential to preserve higher security measures to ensure safe and trusted
communication across the network. In this paper, we describe the security of NoSQL database
against intruders which is growing rapidly. This paper also delineates probably the most prominent
NoSQL databases and descriptions their security aspects and problems.
Keywords: NoSQL, Security, Intruders, Big Data, Authentication, Big table.
1. Introduction
NoSQL databases had made for unraveling the Big Data issue by utilizing a distributed system to
bring out excellent performance in data storage and retrieval at very large–scale. At this scale, pieces
of the system often fail and NoSQL is created to handle these failures (Chow, 2013) (Ron, Shulman–
Peleg, & Bronshtein, 2015). Various companies have espouse different sorts of non–relational
databases, ordinarily alluded to as

Relational Database Management System ( Rdbms )
Abstract
Relational database management system (RDBMS) have used for many decades. However, these
databases are facing several challenges with the requirements of many organizations like high
scalability and availability. They cannot deal with huge amount of data and requests efficiently. As a
result, famous organizations such as Google and Amazon shift from RDBMS to NoSQL databases.
NoSQL databases have several features that overcome issues. This paper explains features,
principles, and data models of NoSQL databases. However, the main focus of this paper is to
compare and evaluate two of the most popular NoSQL databases which are MongoDB and
Cassandra.
RDBMS, NoSQL, MongoDB, Cassandra
1. Introduction
In recent years with the new breed of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
If you change your application, you have to change your database schema as well. This fixed
schema used by RDBMS make them impossible to quickly incorporate new types of data. Also, it is
a poor fit for unstructured and semi–structured data [14, 17].
Since queries require attributes from more than one table result in a join operation, join decreases
the performance of RDBMS. Joins and locks have a negative impact on performance of RDBMS
[4].
RDBMS provide limited replication techniques. In fact, these databases are based on consistency
instead of availability [14].
In order to understand NoSQL databases, chapter two will describe the most significant features of
NoSQL databases for solving the above mentioned requirements. Since the relational data model is
not suitable for some use cases, chapter three will explain structure and flexibility of different data
models offered by NoSQL databases. Chapter four will compare two of the widely used NoSQL
databases which are MongoDB and Cassandra.
2. BASE vs. ACID
Both RDBMS and NoSQL databases use principles that are derived from CAP theorem. According
to this theorem, following guarantees can be defined [8,12, 20]:
Consistency. All the users see the same data at any time.
Availability. When certain nodes fail, the other nodes in the system are able to continue and operate.

Identifying A Nosql Data Base
For the challenges we are facing be it technical or functional we find a NoSql data base as a best fit.
We found out that NoSql incorporates a wide mixed bag of various database technologies and were
produced in response to the rising data needs. Also when in comparison to the RDBMS present in
the market NoSql provides an enriched performance and better scalability solutions. So in search of
the best fit as our solution we searched out various types of NoSql database types and found out
about Document databases, Graph databases, Key value stores and other similar types. Let's explore
various market players in each of the type and find the best one.
3.2.1 TECHNOLOGIES AVAILABLE IN MARKET
The goal of every NoSql ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Since Redis is top dog concerning pace and execution, the database is best utilized when time is an
issue, including job administration, qeueuing, analytics and geo look.
Earlier version of REDIS had the facility of on disk storage but this was deprecated in recent
versions which provided persistence using snapshotting in which the data is persisted
asynchronously to disk from the memory. Currently its every 2 seconds. So we are risking a few
seconds data when the system goes down.
Best Used when you know the size of data which will be in future and can be used in applications
which use real time analytics.
3.2.1.1.2 Apache Cassandra
Apache Cassandra is an open source distributed database management framework intended to
handle a lot of information crosswise over numerous product servers, giving high accessibility. The
single point of failure is eliminated in Cassandra.
It is a Decentralized database and every node has the capability to serve the request as such there is
no use of single master in this case. The key feature of Cassandra is this distributed architecture
which serves very useful for multiple deployments of data centers.
It includes other features like Scalability, Fault–tolerant, support with Hadoop,etc. It gives a
recognizable interface (CQL, reminiscent of SQL) and the learning curve isn 't excessively soak for
users.
Best utilized when you have to store information so enormous that it doesn 't fit on server, yet at

A Database Problem Before Recommending A Sql Or Nosql Or...
1. What things would you want to know about a database problem before recommending a SQL or
NoSQL or BigData solution that would help you make that recommendation?
Answer:
I would like to know if there is current data base and what type is used: Excel table, Access DB,
SQL, NoSQL, and Word Documents. Then I would like to know how big current Data Base or
Datasets is. Then I would like to know what representation of data in Data Set is: key–value, raw
data, tables, schemas, structure or not. Next I will check what HW resources is: PC Servers, EC2,
OS, and Clusters. Then I would like to know, what protection is and duplication level is needed. If it
would be new project from scratch, then additional to questions above I would like to know ... Show
Let's take Unis OS that has offer very limited user interface for file system and command like "ls",
"grep" and "find" that allow us to list or find files, but only support a limited query language, and
extend them with richer queries, Like :
a) Find all directories that contain an *.c file and an *.obj file with the same name but where the obj
file is older than the c file
b) List all directories in decreasing order of the number of files; list all directories in decreasing
order of the total amount of space used in that directory
c) Find duplicate files across all directories, i.e. files with the same name, same content
d) search in all directories that contain some .pdf file for all files that contain the words 'Conclusion '
and 'Introduction '
The schema of data will have table with following:
File name, Directory Structure, File Attribute, File Content and File signature
Representation will be a WEB service.
3. Describe in a few sentences a business or computational problem you would want to solve with a
NoSQL database, and what makes NoSQL a better choice in this case?
Answer: NoSQL DB is document based DB and represented in collection without solid structure
key–value pairs, documents, graph Db or wide–column stores and has not predefine schema, use
Dynamic schema. NoSQL DB is horizontally scalable that will increase amount of DB servers in the
pool of

White Paper On NSQL: Not Only SQL
White Paper
NOSQL–"NOT ONLY" SQL
JULY 2015
NOSQL–"NOT ONLY" SQL
Contents
ABSTRACT
................................................................................................................................................................
1
1. NoSQL–what does it mean
................................................................................................................................... 1
2. Types of NoSQL databases
................................................................................................................................. 1
2.1 Key–value Stores .......................................................................................................................... 2
2.2 Document–based stores .............................................................................................................. 2
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
NoSQL DBMSs advantages and Comparison to Relational DBMSs The reason why NoSQL has
been so popular the last few years is mainly because, when a relational database grows out of one
server, it is no longer that easy to use. In other words, they don't scale out very well in a distributed
system. All of the big sites that you mentioned Google, Yahoo, Facebook and Amazon (I don't know
much about Digg) have lots of data and store the data in distributed systems for several reasons. It
could be that the data doesn't fit on one server, or there are requirements for high availability. Here
is a table showing comparison and advantages of NoSQL over relational

Investigation Of Nosql Database Management
INVESTIGATION OF NOSQL DATABASE MANAGEMENT
JUNE 2015
SCIENCES OF
ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY
BY
DEGREE OF
MASTER OF SCIENCE
IN
THE DEPARTMENT OF
JUNE 2015
ABSTRACT
June 2015, 55 Pages
In ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
With the appearance of Big Data, there was clearly a need for more flexible databases. In this paper,

we will review one of the graph database (Neo4j), and compared it with one of the traditional
relational databases (MySQL) based on the features like ACID, replication, and the language that is
used for both of them. MySQL is being another name for Relational Databases and it has been used
for a long time period until now. And Neo4j which is a graph database and it is a part of the
emerging technology that is called NoSQL is now trying to prove that there is a need for NoSQL
usage.
Keywords: RDBMS, NoSQL, Relational Databases, MySQL, Neo4j, ACID.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABSTRACT ..............................................................................................
TABLE OF CONTENTS.........................................................................
LIST OF FIGURES .............................................................................
CHAPTERS:
1. INTRODUCTION.........................................................................1
1.1 Motivation .............................................................................3
1.2 Aim Of The Study.....................................................................3
1.3 Scope Of The Study.................................................................... 3
1.4 Thesis question ........................................................................3
2. LITERATURE REVIEW ................................................................ 4
2.1 Data.......................................................................................4
2.2 Database..................................................................................4
2.3 Relational Database Management System.........................................................4
2.4 Structure Query Language (SQL).....................................................6
2.4.1 Normalization ..................................................................8
2.5 NoSQL System..........................................................................9
2.6

Analysis Of Nosql Database Management Depending On The...
JUNE 2015
SCIENCES OF
ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY
BY
DEGREE OF
MASTER OF SCIENCE
IN
THE DEPARTMENT OF
JUNE 2015
ABSTRACT
June 2015, 53 Pages

In Nowadays, there are two major of database management systems which are used to deal with
data, the first one called Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) which is the
traditional relational databases, it deals with structured data and have been popular since decades
since 1970, while the second one called Not only Structure Query Language databases (NoSQL),
they are dealing with semi–structured and unstructured data; the NoSQL types are gaining their
popularity with the development of the internet and the social media since April 2009. NoSQL are
intending to override the cons of RDBMs, such as fixed

A Report On Relational Databases
NoSQL was created in the response to relational databases not being able to handle the scale and
changing challenges of modern applications, they also cannot take advantage of the cheap, easy
storage abilities and also the processing power accessible now. NoSQL includes a variety of
different technologies that were developed in response to the surge of data stored by users, objects
and products. They were also developed to contend with the rising frequency that the data is
accessed and the performance and processing needs. [7]
NoSQL databases can be set into different categories such as
Document databases – Document databases pair each key with a complex data structure known as a
document. Documents can contain many different ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The architecture used by NoSQL databases allows for the databases to be scaled efficiently rather
than the more strict architecture found in relational databases.
Pros and Cons
When comparing the benefits to downfalls of both SQL and NoSQL, there are 6 areas which need to
be looked at. These are how the systems allow for querying, how transactions are carried out, the
consistency the systems offer, how saleable they are, also how easily managed the systems are and
finally the schemas which are used by the systems.
SQL based databases support a ever expanding set of languages for queries, as well as the a massive
number of filters, sorting options, projections and index queries. NoSQL on the other hand allows
for all this as well but does not have the more powerful aggregation options which are available to
SQL based databases.
Transactions allow for changes to be made to databases and atomicity ensures that these changes are
done entirely. Having atomically made changes guaranties that these changes are never done
partially, this is important because without it multiple users could make transactions relating to the
same data and be working with different result causing data to be lost or new data being created,
some NoSQL platforms do not support transactions but most SQL platforms do.
Following the atomicity of the transactions consistency is also a big part of both types of platforms.
MySQL

SQL Database Advantages And Disadvantages
Firstly, SQL databases store related data in tables and SQL queries can be used to retrieve large
amount of records from a database by using SELECT statement quickly and efficiently.
In SQL database, structure and data type are conform to a fixed schema. The columns must be
decided and locked before data entry whereas each row must contain data in its column. To store a
new data item, the entire database must be altered, during which time the database must be taken
offline.
Furthermore, SQL is a portable system runs in program on mainframes, PCs, laptops, servers and
mobile phones. Database that use SQL is compatible in every device because it runs in local
systems, intranet and internet.
SQL is easy to learn and understand. It is because ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
ACID properties enable the system to manage a certain characteristic for each transaction. Every
transaction is assured that these characteristics are in place. Therefore, SQL can also guarantee the
stability, security and predictability both of the entire database and every particular transaction.
Disadvantage of SQL
Although there are many advantages by using the SQL database system, but there are still have
drawbacks in using the SQL database system. First, when the size of the database or number of users
increases, RDBMS that used SQL will suffer from drop in performance which makes the real time
unstructured data processing more challenging. It is because old RDBMS are not able to handle the
amount of transactions that modern databases are capable of dealing with every second. For
example, Internet leaders like Amazon or Alibaba deal with the large amount of data will bottleneck
a RDBMS in a matter of minutes.
Next, SQL database is facing difficulty in interface. It is because SQL database is more complicated
than only adding a few lines of code. SQL also need more features that implemented in proprietary
way. Although SQL databases meet the ANSI and ISO standards, but some databases go one step
further by allowing extensions to suit special needs to ensure vendor

Key / Value Database Is A Type Of Nosql Database
1. Introduction
1.1 Executive Summary
Key/Value Database is a type of NoSQL Database. NoSQL Database stands for Not Only SQL
Database which means that the database can store heterogeneous data. The Key/Value database does
not follow the conventional relational database way of storing the data. Every piece of data that
needs to go into the DB, gets a key associated with it. Additionally, few other metadata also gets
attached to the data. It stores data as hash table where each key is unique and the value can be string,
array of strings, integer etc. Initially, data is stored in in–memory, but after particular time intervals
or depending upon some specified condition, data is moved to disk in the form of Shards. Shards are
nothing but XML ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
1.2 Requirements and Responsibility
Below are few of the requirements and responsibilities of the Key/Value database are listed below.
Shall implement a generic key/value in–memory database where each value consists of Metadata
and Data. Metadata will consist of the following.
 Name String
 Text description of the item
 Date–Time string recording the date and time the value was written to the database.
 A finite number (possibly zero) of child relationships with other values. Each element of the child
relationships collection is the key of another item in the database. Any item holding a key in this
collection is the parent of the element accessed by the key.
The data will consists of an instance object of the generic type. This might be a string, list,
collection, custom collection.
Shall support addition and deletion of key/value pairs.
Shall support editing of values which includes the addition, deletion of relationships, editing
metadata, and replacing an existing value 's instance with a new instance.
Editing keys is not allowed. Keys will be generated by the application and the keys shall be unique.
Shall, on command, write the database contents to an XML file. Shall make sure that the process be
reversible, e.g., the database can be restored or augmented from an existing XML file as well as
write its contents out to an XML file.
Shall accept a positive time interval or number of writes after which

Nosb Advantages And Disadvantages
GEOIP DB MMDB
LIMITATION
https://www.maxmind.com/en/geoip2–city–database–accuracy?country=Sweden&resolution=50
COVER
Title
Migrating data from MySQL to NoSQL database and visualizing the real time data on a Google map
ABSTRACT
Acknowledgments
Contents
List Of Figures
List of Tables
Abbreviations
Introduction
Motivation
Explore the advantages and disadvantages of MySQL and NoSQL databases & conclude some
suggestions to make the selection between the two types of database for the companies with
different demands. During recent years, the volume of various data is increasing significantly.How
should we store the data in order to have good consistency and good performance is a tough
problem for every company and research institute.
Currently, there are two main kinds of databases: Relational database and NoSQL database. Both of
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
NoSQL DB did not appears until the early twenty–first century, triggered by the needs of web 2.0
companies such as facebook google and amazon.com. NoSQL database are increasingly used in big
data and read–time web applications. NoSQL systems are also sometimes called "not only SQL" to
emphasize that they may support SQL–like query languages.
With the development of the Internet and cloud computing, there need databases to be able to store
and process big data effectively, demand for high–performance when reading and writing, so the
traditional relational database is facing many new challenges. Especially in large scale and high–
concurrency applications, such as search engines and SNS, using the relational database to store and
query dynamic user data has appeared to be inadequate. In this case, NoSQL database created.

Mooc And Document Orientated Nosql Database
MOOC and document orientated NoSQL database
Abstract:
MOOC (Massive Open Online Course) is getting popularity in not only in Universities worldwide
but also in the people who want to enrich their skill sets. As the demand grows, different MOOC
websites are taking appropriate action to provide more dynamic environment. They are using
NoSQL to maintain the data. Most of the MOOC websites using Document type NoSQL databases
to manage videos, forums and assignments. But when it comes to decide which NoSQL database
should be implemented there are many choices like MongoDB, CouchDB, ClusterPoint etc. and
consequently a question arises why majority of MOOC websites are using MongoDB instead of
CouchDB which is also a NoSQL document oriented database? In the following paper it will be
more clear which database MongoDB or CouchDB in the present time is more suitable to use for a
MOOC website.
Introduction:
Distance learning had three generations
1. Correspondence Study
2. Multimedia
3. Computer mediate
After the industrial revolution, correspondence study started in the Europe and United States
because more skilled work force was required and also reliability and speed of postal service was
improved greatly.
In the 20th century multimedia is introduced and became new tool of education for teachers and
learners. Class became more adaptable to reach different kind of audience result of that even people
of remote areas started to get grasp on the subject. But Multimedia still lack

Nosql Essay
Now days, open source technologies are becoming famous in the global market including corporate
and government sector. A number of domains in software industry are making use of open source
products for multiple applications. NoSQL Databases, Big Data Analytics and web services are on
the top and used in diverse applications.
NoSQL Databases are being used in the social media applications and big data processing based
portals in which huge, heterogeneous and unstructured data formats are handled. NoSQL Databases
are used for faster access of records from the big dataset at back–end. The AADHAAR Card
implementation in India was done using NoSQL Databases as huge amount of information is
associated including Text Data, Images, Thumb Impressions and Iris Detection. Any classical
database system cannot handle the dataset of different types (Image, Text, Video, Audio, Video,
Thumb Impressions for Pattern Recognition, Iris Sample) simultaneously.
Currently, a number of NoSQL Databases are used for different type of portals and these are
specialized in handling heterogeneous and unstructured data.
OPEN SOURCE NOSQL DATABASES
In classical web based implementations, the RDBMS packages are deployed for the database
applications including Apache Derby, MySQL, Oracle, IBM DB2, Microsoft SQL Server, IBM
Notes, PostgreSQL, SQLite, Sybase or any other. These are known as Traditional SQL Databases
which are ACID Properties Compliant. NewSQL is the new generation database engine that

Annotated Bibliography On Non Relational Databases Essay
Abstract – With companies such as Facebook and Google producing large volumes of data, known
as Big Data, the popularity of NoSQL databases has risen in the past decade as traditional relational
databases cannot handle the vast amount of data as it was not designed to effectively manage such a
large data collection. The following research paper gives an introduction to non–relational databases
otherwise known as NoSQL. It defines what a NoSQL database is, the origins of its existence and
the various types of NoSQL databases. It goes on to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of
non–relational databases and the reason companies in the past decade are selecting to implement
these databases over traditional relational databases.
Keywords – NoSQL, non–relational databases, Not Only SQL, Big Data, Schema–less structure,
INTRODUCTION Though non–relational databases have been around since the 1960s, many
companies have used relational databases to store data[2] but over the past decade with companies
generating vast amounts of data, relational databases are unable to effectively manage these large
data collections[1]. An ever increasing amount of companies is now, however, turning to non–
relational databases known as NoSQL databases as they are more effective at handling these large
amounts of data thus the reason we have seen an increase in its popularity over the past decade[2].
The term NoSQL database which stands for Not Only SQL[3] is defined as a database that

Design Nosql Systems For Data Persisence And...
Introduction
This report basically describes the process of design NoSQL systems for data persisence and
implementation of design and the solution of tasks that we are required. The dataset we worked with
is a music dataset from lastfm and the designs for MongoDB, HBase and Neo4j are based on the
dataset features and given queries. The implementation includes creating databases, setting up the
schema and running queries, followed by testing the performance. There are also iteration designs
for each system in order to gain higher performance.
The report contains five sections. A brief introduciton is showing here and each system has two
sections to demonstrate the schema and query design. At the end of the report, a section for ... Show
Figure 2. Schema design for solving queries (Schema2)
Schema2 is consist of three collections : "UserArtistInfo", "Friends", and "Artist". "UserArtistInfo"
collection has fields of UserID, ArtistID, ArtistName, Weight, Tag YN, TagId, TagValue, TimeStamp
and does not structured as a embedded document. Like a RDBMS, each row has independent
information of a user – artist – weight – tag which is easier to update and read. "Artist" collection is
set aside due to its rare usage. "Friends" collection is also created separately to be linked (joined)
when it needs to be.
The data structure of schema 1 and schema 2 are same as below Figure3.
Figure 1. Data structure for schema 1 and 2
Query Design
The given 8 queries can be distinctively divided into two parts: one needs a join function with 2
collections, while another needs not. As query 1, 7, 8 requires user – friends relationship, it needs
join function executed by join aggregation commands ($lookup). On the other hand, the other
queries (2,3,4,5,6) can be carried out by using only "UserArtistInfo" collection. Furthermore, simple
queries such as query 2 and 4 does not necessarily need aggregation pipeline, in the mean while
query 1,3,5,6,7,8 need aggregation pipeline which is more complex using the syntax of "$lookup",
"$unwind", "$match", "$group", "$project", "$sort", and "$limit".
Execution
Simple queries
Query1 : given a user id, find all artists the user's friends listen

Relational Database For Relational Databases
A simple, unpopular family–owned store has just created a website. On this website, they give their
customers the ability to create accounts, shop, buy products and have products shipped directly to
their homes. Every customer's personal, shipping and payment information as well as every
product's price, description and/or picture is needed to be stored and organized somewhere where it
could be easily processed. All this necessary data could most likely be found in a relational database
that the store uses to efficiently run all the necessary transactions. In this database, all the data is
collected and grouped into different pockets or tables that better categorize the information. Through
the relationships created between the tables, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It has become hard to scale relational databases in the direction and to the degree needed to manage
big data in a successful and less expensive way. Instead, a new system, known as "NoSQL" or "Not
Only SQL", has been created that makes the processing of terabytes and even petabytes of data
possible (Paghy, "RDBMS to NoSQL").
Many social networking and/or big data companies like Facebook, Twitter, Yahoo, Google and
Amazon are now known for using NoSQL databases. This is because NoSQL systems are non–
relational and do not structure their data in tables or typically manipulate or process the data with
SQL. Having less restrictions than a relational database, NoSQL has the ability to better handle huge
quantities of data in a more efficient way (Moniruzzaman, "NoSQL Database..."). This paper will
dig deeper in the several characteristics of NoSQL database systems that separate them from the
relational ones. It will also introduce the different models that make up the system as well and a few
examples that are currently being used and becoming popular today.
1. Characteristics of NoSQL
NoSQL is best known for typically being "non–relational", meaning that it can store and link data
without any structured restrictions (Paghy, "RDBMS to NoSQL"). This gives NoSQL databases the
ability to do so much more than a simple relational database could. It makes them scalable

Advantages And Differences Between SQLAnd Nosql
Introduction
SAP also known as systems applications and products in data processing is one of the better IT
companies at the moment. It is a German software company which develops software for both small
and large businesses to track customer and business interactions. Their largest software is ERP
(Enterprise Planning Resource). The software was given the same name as the company name which
can be slightly confusing at times. The company have offices in almost 130 countries and their
software operates in 180 countries with 335,000 users spread across. As per task this research paper
will challenge the comparison and contrast of NoSQL databases with relational database managing
system which will be explained in greater detail further in the ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Lack ability to perform ACID transactions
Figure 2 Both databases have some advantages and disadvantages. As seen in "Figure 2" there are
listed some limitations of both. Although the NoSQL database is not as well tested as SQL it will
still keep growing as the technology advances so well and performance must be improved which
NoSQL allows for. Below in "Figure 3" are listed some advantages of both databases.
Advantages
Uses long established standards used by ASCI Easier to manage, files are more organised
SQL is a simple language which uses standard English keywords Higher level of flexibility
Easily maintained as all tools are provided unlike in NoSQL Open source meaning it is available to
even the smallest company at a very low cost
It is not as fast as NoSQL although SQL has its own simplicity which organizations like. Detail
database model is not needed therefore it increases efficiency due to time saving.
Figure 3 Return On

Database Management Systems That Are Used For Non...
Overview
NoSQL is generally interpreted as "Not only SQL" [1]. It is a class of database management systems
that are used for non–relational database. Typically NoSQL database does not use two–dimensional
table to store data. The four generally categories of NoSQL database are key–values database,
column databases, document databases, and graph databases [2]. NoSQL database is an
indispensable part of big data. Most company choose NoSQL database because it yields better
performance when compared to relation database. Many relational databases have been existing for
more than 20 years, while most NoSQL databases have a history of less than 5 years. Because
NoSQL databases are so young, they exposes lots of security issues. Many NoSQL databases are
still focusing on adding features and improving performance, while strength security mechanism is
still a low priority task. There were already two data breaches happened in companies that are using
NoSQL databases (MongoHQ in 2013 and LinkedIn in 2012 [3]).
Detailed result
NoSQL database characteristics
The problem of relational database is that its performance degrade significantly while handling
exponential growth of semi–structured data or unstructured data [4]. The NoSQL databases possess
properties called BASE (Basically available, Soft state, and eventually consistent) that makes it
much more scalable than relational databases. As the CAP theorem [5] said, a database system
cannot have high consistency, high availability,

A Study On Nosql Datbases And Their Applications
A STUDY ON NOSQL DATBASES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS
By
Narasimhan Kannan
A RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Science in
Computer Science in the Graduate School of
Troy University
MONTGOMERY, ALABAMA
AUGUST, 2015
A STUDY ON NOSQL DATBASES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS
Submitted by Narasimhan Kannan in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master
of Science in Computer Science in the Graduate School of
Troy University
Accepted on behalf of the Faculty of the Graduate School by the research paper committee:
____________________________ _______________________ Matthew Mariano, Ph.D. ... Show
For example, Facebook which is the most popular social networking website recently announced
their adoption of a NoSQL based graph data store for efficient storage of user data. In other words,
NoSQL has already made its way into the enterprise. However, just like every other widely accepted
technology, NoSQL has its own set of advantages and disadvantages. It is important for an
enterprise to quantify the pros and cons of a particularly new database technology against the
already existing solutions based on their custom requirements. For example, legacy enterprise
applications may require extensive community support from their database vendors. Moreover,
traditional relational database vendors such as Oracle have already established themselves for
providing excellent support. On the other hand, NoSQL has been rapidly growing since the past few

years and is consistently evolving in terms of big data handling, data warehousing and lesser
complexity. Hence, there is a need to study the current market of data stores based on the most
popular NoSQL data stores and how well they fair against the widely accepted traditional database
systems. This requires a study of the commonly used NoSQL data stores.
HUMAN OR ANIMAL SUBJECTS REVIEW FORM
For
Narasimhan Kannan
A STUDY ON NOSQL DATABASES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS
This research project has been reviewed by the

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