Stress can be caused by threats, frustrations, pressures, or conflicts from environmental, organizational, or personal factors. It affects people physically through headaches, heart disease, and high blood pressure, and psychologically through anxiety, depression, and decreased job satisfaction. Stress can be positive and motivate improvement or negative and feel overwhelming. Managing stress in healthy ways helps people adapt to life's challenges.

1. Stress:
Causes and
Effects

3. STRESS IS A
PERSON’S
PHYSICAL,
EMOTIONAL AND
PSYCHOLOGICAL
PRESSURES
What is
stress??????
STRESS
Anything that poses a challenge or a threat to our well-being
is a stress.
“fight-or-flight”

4. Severity Of STRESS
GENERAL STRESS
- Everyone has this stress
- Resolve in a day or two
- No intervention required
CUMULATIVE STRESS
- Builds up in your body
- Become more difficult to alleviate your
symptoms
- More serious psychological problems

5. ACUTE TRAUMATIC STRESS
- Critical Incident stress.
- Produce Psychological Distress
- Abnormal reaction to normal situation
POST STRESS TRAUMATIC STRESS
- Severe stress produces severe psychological trauma
- Produces lasting change
Contd…..

6. SOURCE OF STRESS
ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
- Economic Uncertainty
- Political Uncertainty
- Technological Change
ORGANIZATIONAL FACTORS
- Task Demands
- Roll Demands
- Interpersonal Demands
PERSONAL FACTORS
- Family Problems
- Economic Problems
- Personality

7. WHAT CAUSES STRESS ?
 PHYSICAL INJURY
 WORKING OVERTIME
 PERSONAL CONFLICTS
 JOB STRESS
 LACK OF SLEEP
 DIVORCE OR SEPARATION
 DEATH OF A LOVED ONE
 THE BIRTH OF A CHILD
 MAJOR FINANCIAL SETBACK
 EMPLOYMENT CHANGES
 BECOMING THE VICTIM OF
A CRIME OR NATURAL DISASTER
 TRAFFIC CONGESTION

8. CLASSIFICATION OF STRESS
 POSITIVE STRESS
- Mental Alertness
- Motivation
- High Efficiency
 NEGATIVE STRESS
- ACUTE STRESS
- CHRONIC STRESS

9. SYMPTOMS OF STRESS
Behavioral symptoms
 Sleeping difficulties
 Lack of punctuality. ...
 Absenteeism. ...
 Withdrawal. ...
 Exhaustion. ...
 Addictive/excessive behaviour. ...
 Unhealthy eating habits. ...
 Risk-taking behaviour.
 Physiological symptoms
- Headache
- Heart disease
- High BP
 Psychological symptoms
- Anxiety
- Depression
- Decrease in job satisfaction

10. FEW COMMON
REACTIONS IN STRESS

11. Basic Concepts about Stress
 Stress is defined as how the body reacts to
demands.
 Stressors are causes of stress.
 Stress is part of our lives.
 It is not possible to live stress-free.
 Managing stress in positive ways prepares us
for increasing life challenges.

12. Overview of the Stress Process

13. Stress can be positive or
negative:
 An example of eustress is getting nervous in
anticipation of an important contest which motivates
you to practice more.
 An example of distress is forgetting an assignment
because of feeling overwhelmed.

14. Component of Stress
o Threat
o Frustration
o Pressure
o Conflict

15. Threat
 Definition:
 the fear of being harmed (physically or
emotionally)
 Examples:
 Being afraid to walk home after dark
 Worry a friend will not invite you to an event

16. Frustration
 Definition:
 inability to get needs met
 Example:
 not able to complete an assignment because
sister is using the computer

17. Pressure
 Definition:
 having to measure up to an expectation or
standard
 Example:
 being expected to make the honor roll

18. Conflict
 Definition:
 when two or more needs oppose each other
 Example:
 a friend wanting you to go to the mall the same
night as your gymnastics class

19. What are physical effects of stress?
 Stomach ache
 Sweating
 Pale complexion
 Headache
 Sleepiness
 Tight or sore muscles
 Rapid breathing
 Shaky hands

20. What are emotional effects of stress?
 Moodiness
 Loss of enthusiasm
 Forgetfulness
 Excessive worry
 Apathy
 Feeling overwhelmed
 Feeling short-tempered

21. Factors Moderating the Impact of Stress
 Social support
 Increased immune functioning
 Optimism
 More adaptive coping
 Pessimistic explanatory style
 Conscientiousness
 Fostering better health habits
 Autonomic reactivity
 Cardiovascular reactivity to stress