Virtue ethics focuses on developing good character and moral excellence through habits. Aristotle believed ethics is about cultivating virtues, including moral virtues like courage and intellectual virtues like prudence. For Aristotle, happiness consists in living according to reason and virtue. The virtuous person acts from a stable disposition to do the right thing in each situation. Virtue ethics emphasizes cultivating good habits over following strict rules.
Aristotle developed the philosophy of virtue ethics, which focuses on developing virtuous character traits through practice. According to Aristotle, practicing honesty, courage, justice and other virtues leads one to naturally make ethical choices when facing moral dilemmas. Aristotle identified two types of virtues - intellectual virtues like prudence and wisdom, and moral/ethical virtues developed through habit. He believed the intellectual virtues guide us to ethical ends, while ethical virtues direct our will. Aristotle taught that virtue is a golden mean between excess and deficiency, and that true happiness comes from living according to reason by cultivating virtue.
1) The document discusses Aristotle's virtue ethics, which emphasizes cultivating moral character through practicing virtues. It focuses on Aristotle's concept of eudaimonia or human flourishing as the goal of ethics.
2) Aristotle believed virtues are excellent moral qualities developed through habit. They are the mean between vices of excess and deficiency. Practical wisdom is needed to determine the right actions in various situations.
3) For Aristotle, happiness comes from living according to reason and exercising virtues like courage and justice. This allows humans to fulfill our unique capacity for rational thought and achieve eudaimonia.
Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics provides a framework for defining and pursuing "the good life." According to Aristotle, happiness is the ultimate good that all other aims and pursuits serve. He defines happiness as "living well and doing well" through developing virtue and excellence of character. There are two types of virtue - intellectual virtues gained through education and experience, and moral virtues developed through habitual practice. Both are needed to achieve eudaimonia, or human flourishing. While scientific progress and technology can enhance life, they must be guided by ethical standards like Aristotle's virtues to avoid excess or deficiency which undermine happiness.
Why is it that everyone is in the pursuit of the good life? One must find the truth what the good is before one can even try to locate that which is good.
This document summarizes Aristotle's view of the good life. It discusses that for Aristotle, the good life is one lived according to virtue and aimed at eudaimonia, or human flourishing. The good life requires both intellectual virtue, which is developed through teaching and experience, and moral virtue, which is developed through habit. Happiness, to Aristotle, depends on cultivating virtue and fulfilling one's potential through reasoning well and acting virtuously. The pursuit of the good life is fundamental to human existence.
The document discusses Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics as providing an ethical basis for defining "the good life" and guiding scientific and technological progress. In the Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle defines the good life as one marked by happiness achieved through virtuous actions and choices that better both the individual and community. The text outlines Aristotle's view that happiness is the ultimate human goal and is achieved through developing moral and intellectual virtues over time through practice and education.
Here is my assessment of what constitutes a good life based on Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics:
1. Achieving eudaimonia or human flourishing through the cultivation of both intellectual and moral virtues.
2. Developing intellectual virtues like practical wisdom and understanding through education and experience over time.
3. Cultivating moral virtues of character like courage, justice, generosity through habitual good actions.
4. Pursuing virtuous activities and choices that are good in themselves, not just for other ends.
5. Contributing to the well-being and happiness of one's community through virtuous actions that express care for others.
6. Balancing intellectual and physical pursuits with rest and leisure
Aristotle argues that happiness, or eudaimonia, is the highest human good and consists of living a virtuous life guided by reason. He defines virtue as a mean between deficiencies and excesses of emotions and actions. Virtues are developed through practice and experience. Aristotle claims humans are political animals that require community to fully develop their rational nature and virtue. Therefore, the goal of politics and the state is to support citizens in cultivating moral character and achieving happiness through reasonable laws, education, and a system that enables a good life.
Aristotle developed the philosophy of virtue ethics, which focuses on developing virtuous character traits through practice. According to Aristotle, practicing honesty, courage, justice and other virtues leads one to naturally make ethical choices when facing moral dilemmas. Aristotle identified two types of virtues - intellectual virtues like prudence and wisdom, and moral/ethical virtues developed through habit. He believed the intellectual virtues guide us to ethical ends, while ethical virtues direct our will. Aristotle taught that virtue is a golden mean between excess and deficiency, and that true happiness comes from living according to reason by cultivating virtue.
1) The document discusses Aristotle's virtue ethics, which emphasizes cultivating moral character through practicing virtues. It focuses on Aristotle's concept of eudaimonia or human flourishing as the goal of ethics.
2) Aristotle believed virtues are excellent moral qualities developed through habit. They are the mean between vices of excess and deficiency. Practical wisdom is needed to determine the right actions in various situations.
3) For Aristotle, happiness comes from living according to reason and exercising virtues like courage and justice. This allows humans to fulfill our unique capacity for rational thought and achieve eudaimonia.
Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics provides a framework for defining and pursuing "the good life." According to Aristotle, happiness is the ultimate good that all other aims and pursuits serve. He defines happiness as "living well and doing well" through developing virtue and excellence of character. There are two types of virtue - intellectual virtues gained through education and experience, and moral virtues developed through habitual practice. Both are needed to achieve eudaimonia, or human flourishing. While scientific progress and technology can enhance life, they must be guided by ethical standards like Aristotle's virtues to avoid excess or deficiency which undermine happiness.
Why is it that everyone is in the pursuit of the good life? One must find the truth what the good is before one can even try to locate that which is good.
This document summarizes Aristotle's view of the good life. It discusses that for Aristotle, the good life is one lived according to virtue and aimed at eudaimonia, or human flourishing. The good life requires both intellectual virtue, which is developed through teaching and experience, and moral virtue, which is developed through habit. Happiness, to Aristotle, depends on cultivating virtue and fulfilling one's potential through reasoning well and acting virtuously. The pursuit of the good life is fundamental to human existence.
The document discusses Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics as providing an ethical basis for defining "the good life" and guiding scientific and technological progress. In the Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle defines the good life as one marked by happiness achieved through virtuous actions and choices that better both the individual and community. The text outlines Aristotle's view that happiness is the ultimate human goal and is achieved through developing moral and intellectual virtues over time through practice and education.
Here is my assessment of what constitutes a good life based on Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics:
1. Achieving eudaimonia or human flourishing through the cultivation of both intellectual and moral virtues.
2. Developing intellectual virtues like practical wisdom and understanding through education and experience over time.
3. Cultivating moral virtues of character like courage, justice, generosity through habitual good actions.
4. Pursuing virtuous activities and choices that are good in themselves, not just for other ends.
5. Contributing to the well-being and happiness of one's community through virtuous actions that express care for others.
6. Balancing intellectual and physical pursuits with rest and leisure
Aristotle argues that happiness, or eudaimonia, is the highest human good and consists of living a virtuous life guided by reason. He defines virtue as a mean between deficiencies and excesses of emotions and actions. Virtues are developed through practice and experience. Aristotle claims humans are political animals that require community to fully develop their rational nature and virtue. Therefore, the goal of politics and the state is to support citizens in cultivating moral character and achieving happiness through reasonable laws, education, and a system that enables a good life.
Aristotle's Nichomachean Ethics explores what is good for humans and how we ought to live. Aristotle defines happiness as an activity of the soul in accordance with virtue. He identifies moral virtues like courage, justice, and temperance that are acquired through practice and habit, guided by practical wisdom. Ultimately, Aristotle argues that happiness consists primarily of intellectual virtue and theoretical contemplation, which is the highest human activity as it is the most god-like.
Aristotle is considered the most important virtue ethicist. He argues that happiness, or eudaimonia, consists in living according to virtue. For Aristotle, virtue is a mean between deficiencies and excesses of emotions and actions. The virtuous person feels and acts moderately in various situations. Aristotle identifies several intellectual and moral virtues. Intellectual virtues like practical wisdom can be learned, while moral virtues become ingrained through practice and habit. True happiness is achieved by cultivating moral excellence and using reason to guide our desires toward what is good.
Aristotle believed that happiness consists of living virtuously according to reason. He defined virtue as finding the golden mean between two vices - having too much or too little of a trait. Aristotle taught that humans become virtuous through practice and habit, and that developing moral virtues and intellectual virtues leads to eudaimonia, or human flourishing. The function of human beings is to act in accordance with reason using our rational souls.
Virtue ethics focuses on developing good character and moral virtues. According to Aristotle, virtues are habits of character that allow one to find the golden mean between deficiencies and excesses for any given moral situation. Practical wisdom, or phronesis, is needed to apply moral virtues and determine the appropriate course of action. Developing virtues and practical wisdom leads to eudaimonia, or human flourishing.
Virtue ethics focuses on developing good character and moral virtues. According to Aristotle, virtues are habits of character that allow one to find the golden mean between deficiencies and excesses for any given moral situation. Practical wisdom, or phronesis, is needed to apply moral virtues and determine the appropriate course of action. Developing virtues and practical wisdom leads to eudaimonia, or human flourishing.
1. For Aristotle, virtue ethics places importance on developing good moral character through practicing virtuous acts habitually. A virtuous person is one who exhibits moral excellence by choosing a mean between excess and deficiency in their actions.
2. Developing virtues requires practical wisdom to know how virtues apply in different situations. One becomes just by doing just acts, courageous through courageous acts, and so on.
3. For Aquinas, virtue ethics involves merging Aristotle's idea of achieving eudaimonia through virtue with Christian theology. An act is good if it contributes to our proper human end as defined by religion.
Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics discusses the concept of eudaimonia (happiness or human flourishing). It argues that eudaimonia results from living according to reason and possessing moral virtue as well as external goods like wealth and social status. Moral virtue is developed through habituation from a young age and practicing virtuous actions. The virtues involve finding the golden mean between excess and deficiency. Key virtues are courage, temperance, and justice. Justice involves both obeying just laws and treating others fairly based on their merits. Freedom and moral responsibility are also discussed as relating to developing virtue and eudaimonia.
1) Aristotle believed the proper disposition of man is to cultivate virtue through forming good habits from a young age. Virtues are dispositions developed through consistently choosing virtuous actions.
2) For Aristotle, happiness is the ultimate goal and end of human life. Happiness is achieved through living according to reason and exercising moral virtues like justice, courage and temperance.
3) Aristotle argued the distinct function of humans is rational activity and our appetites/desires should be guided by reason. Developing virtuous character leads to eudaimonia or flourishing.
The document outlines Aristotle's view of ethics as presented in the Nicomachean Ethics. It discusses Aristotle's view that happiness is the highest good, which he defines as an activity of the soul in accordance with virtue. It explains that Aristotle identifies both intellectual and moral virtues, and that moral virtues are acquired through practice and habituation. The document also notes that for Aristotle, while both intellectual and moral virtues are required for happiness, intellectual activity and virtue is the primary component of happiness.
This document discusses Aristotle's virtue ethics philosophy. It explains that virtue ethics focuses on developing good moral character and virtuous behaviors rather than rules or consequences of actions. Aristotle defined virtues as excellences that are a mean between deficiencies and excesses. He identified intellectual virtues like wisdom and moral virtues like courage. Virtue ethics was also discussed in other traditions like Confucianism, Hinduism, Buddhism, and Christianity. The document emphasizes that virtues are not inherited but developed through practice and choice over time.
The document discusses different ethical philosophies and their perspectives on why we should do what is right, including Socrates on achieving happiness, Aquinas on fulfilling human nature, Kant on duty, and utilitarianism on producing the greatest good for the greatest number. It then focuses on Aristotle's virtue ethics, explaining that happiness consists of performing our function as human beings, which is reason, in an excellent way through developing moral virtues like courage, generosity, and trust by finding the golden mean between deficiencies and excesses. The highest good is achieved by having both moral virtue and intellectual wisdom in a complete life.
The document discusses different philosophical theories about the source of ethics. It outlines views that ethics comes from human nature, that it involves living well according to virtue as described by Aristotle, and that it involves following a priori moral truths or duties as argued by Kant. The document provides details on Socrates, Aristotle, and Kant's perspectives, with Socrates arguing ethics comes from knowledge, Aristotle arguing it involves pursuing eudaimonia through virtue, and Kant arguing ethics follows from following categorical imperatives and duties.
This document summarizes the philosophies of Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle, who are considered the founders of Western philosophy. It discusses their views on ethics, metaphysics, politics, and other areas. Socrates used dialectic questioning to investigate ethics. Plato believed in forms/ideas and that the intellect should control passions. His ideal republic was ruled by philosophers. Aristotle studied under Plato and founded the Lyceum. He categorized knowledge into disciplines, developed logic, and believed virtues and contemplation were required for happiness.
The document provides an overview of several topics in ethics, including:
1. It discusses philosophers like Aristotle, Epicurus, Epictetus and schools of thought like hedonism and Cyrenaic hedonism.
2. It defines key concepts in meta-ethics like descriptivism, cognitivism, and realism as well as applied ethics.
3. It summarizes the perspectives of different philosophers and schools of thought on topics like the good life, pleasure, self-mastery, and the pursuit of happiness.
Frameworks and principles behind our moral dispositionmarymaypaleyan
According to Aristotle, happiness is not pleasure, honor, or wealth, but rather an activity of the soul in accordance with virtue. Virtue is developed through habit, with virtuous actions becoming habitual over time until one naturally acts virtuously without conscious effort. For Kant, a good will is one that acts from duty and respects the moral law, motivated by a sense of obligation rather than any expected consequences. A good will treats humanity as an end in itself.
The Stoics believed that our wealth, status, power, possession and stature are neither good or bad, and they have no social importance with respect to our relationships with one another. We are equals. They held that external differences, such as rank and wealth, are of no importance in social relationships.
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The document discusses different philosophical views on what constitutes "The Good Life." It begins by proposing a definition of technology as the means to extend human abilities and realize what each person believes to be The Good Life. Next, it outlines various thinkers' perspectives on The Good Life, such as a life of pleasure, virtue, fulfillment of needs, or freedom from desire. It concludes by providing the author's own view that The Good Life incorporates sufficient resources, wellness, love, accomplishment, rest, knowledge, beauty, virtue, transcendence, and beneficence.
This document summarizes the ethics of Plato and Aristotle. It discusses that Socrates sought to understand virtues like justice through rational inquiry. Plato believed the ultimate source of moral value was non-natural forms, and virtues like temperance, courage, wisdom and justice resulted from reason governing the soul's elements. Aristotle defined happiness involving pleasure and reason as humans' natural highest objective. For Aristotle, virtues were habits developed through exercising rational capacity to moderate impulses in accordance with our function of living and reasoning.
Aristotle's Nichomachean Ethics explores what is good for humans and how we ought to live. Aristotle defines happiness as an activity of the soul in accordance with virtue. He identifies moral virtues like courage, justice, and temperance that are acquired through practice and habit, guided by practical wisdom. Ultimately, Aristotle argues that happiness consists primarily of intellectual virtue and theoretical contemplation, which is the highest human activity as it is the most god-like.
Aristotle is considered the most important virtue ethicist. He argues that happiness, or eudaimonia, consists in living according to virtue. For Aristotle, virtue is a mean between deficiencies and excesses of emotions and actions. The virtuous person feels and acts moderately in various situations. Aristotle identifies several intellectual and moral virtues. Intellectual virtues like practical wisdom can be learned, while moral virtues become ingrained through practice and habit. True happiness is achieved by cultivating moral excellence and using reason to guide our desires toward what is good.
Aristotle believed that happiness consists of living virtuously according to reason. He defined virtue as finding the golden mean between two vices - having too much or too little of a trait. Aristotle taught that humans become virtuous through practice and habit, and that developing moral virtues and intellectual virtues leads to eudaimonia, or human flourishing. The function of human beings is to act in accordance with reason using our rational souls.
Virtue ethics focuses on developing good character and moral virtues. According to Aristotle, virtues are habits of character that allow one to find the golden mean between deficiencies and excesses for any given moral situation. Practical wisdom, or phronesis, is needed to apply moral virtues and determine the appropriate course of action. Developing virtues and practical wisdom leads to eudaimonia, or human flourishing.
Virtue ethics focuses on developing good character and moral virtues. According to Aristotle, virtues are habits of character that allow one to find the golden mean between deficiencies and excesses for any given moral situation. Practical wisdom, or phronesis, is needed to apply moral virtues and determine the appropriate course of action. Developing virtues and practical wisdom leads to eudaimonia, or human flourishing.
1. For Aristotle, virtue ethics places importance on developing good moral character through practicing virtuous acts habitually. A virtuous person is one who exhibits moral excellence by choosing a mean between excess and deficiency in their actions.
2. Developing virtues requires practical wisdom to know how virtues apply in different situations. One becomes just by doing just acts, courageous through courageous acts, and so on.
3. For Aquinas, virtue ethics involves merging Aristotle's idea of achieving eudaimonia through virtue with Christian theology. An act is good if it contributes to our proper human end as defined by religion.
Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics discusses the concept of eudaimonia (happiness or human flourishing). It argues that eudaimonia results from living according to reason and possessing moral virtue as well as external goods like wealth and social status. Moral virtue is developed through habituation from a young age and practicing virtuous actions. The virtues involve finding the golden mean between excess and deficiency. Key virtues are courage, temperance, and justice. Justice involves both obeying just laws and treating others fairly based on their merits. Freedom and moral responsibility are also discussed as relating to developing virtue and eudaimonia.
1) Aristotle believed the proper disposition of man is to cultivate virtue through forming good habits from a young age. Virtues are dispositions developed through consistently choosing virtuous actions.
2) For Aristotle, happiness is the ultimate goal and end of human life. Happiness is achieved through living according to reason and exercising moral virtues like justice, courage and temperance.
3) Aristotle argued the distinct function of humans is rational activity and our appetites/desires should be guided by reason. Developing virtuous character leads to eudaimonia or flourishing.
The document outlines Aristotle's view of ethics as presented in the Nicomachean Ethics. It discusses Aristotle's view that happiness is the highest good, which he defines as an activity of the soul in accordance with virtue. It explains that Aristotle identifies both intellectual and moral virtues, and that moral virtues are acquired through practice and habituation. The document also notes that for Aristotle, while both intellectual and moral virtues are required for happiness, intellectual activity and virtue is the primary component of happiness.
This document discusses Aristotle's virtue ethics philosophy. It explains that virtue ethics focuses on developing good moral character and virtuous behaviors rather than rules or consequences of actions. Aristotle defined virtues as excellences that are a mean between deficiencies and excesses. He identified intellectual virtues like wisdom and moral virtues like courage. Virtue ethics was also discussed in other traditions like Confucianism, Hinduism, Buddhism, and Christianity. The document emphasizes that virtues are not inherited but developed through practice and choice over time.
The document discusses different ethical philosophies and their perspectives on why we should do what is right, including Socrates on achieving happiness, Aquinas on fulfilling human nature, Kant on duty, and utilitarianism on producing the greatest good for the greatest number. It then focuses on Aristotle's virtue ethics, explaining that happiness consists of performing our function as human beings, which is reason, in an excellent way through developing moral virtues like courage, generosity, and trust by finding the golden mean between deficiencies and excesses. The highest good is achieved by having both moral virtue and intellectual wisdom in a complete life.
The document discusses different philosophical theories about the source of ethics. It outlines views that ethics comes from human nature, that it involves living well according to virtue as described by Aristotle, and that it involves following a priori moral truths or duties as argued by Kant. The document provides details on Socrates, Aristotle, and Kant's perspectives, with Socrates arguing ethics comes from knowledge, Aristotle arguing it involves pursuing eudaimonia through virtue, and Kant arguing ethics follows from following categorical imperatives and duties.
This document summarizes the philosophies of Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle, who are considered the founders of Western philosophy. It discusses their views on ethics, metaphysics, politics, and other areas. Socrates used dialectic questioning to investigate ethics. Plato believed in forms/ideas and that the intellect should control passions. His ideal republic was ruled by philosophers. Aristotle studied under Plato and founded the Lyceum. He categorized knowledge into disciplines, developed logic, and believed virtues and contemplation were required for happiness.
The document provides an overview of several topics in ethics, including:
1. It discusses philosophers like Aristotle, Epicurus, Epictetus and schools of thought like hedonism and Cyrenaic hedonism.
2. It defines key concepts in meta-ethics like descriptivism, cognitivism, and realism as well as applied ethics.
3. It summarizes the perspectives of different philosophers and schools of thought on topics like the good life, pleasure, self-mastery, and the pursuit of happiness.
Frameworks and principles behind our moral dispositionmarymaypaleyan
According to Aristotle, happiness is not pleasure, honor, or wealth, but rather an activity of the soul in accordance with virtue. Virtue is developed through habit, with virtuous actions becoming habitual over time until one naturally acts virtuously without conscious effort. For Kant, a good will is one that acts from duty and respects the moral law, motivated by a sense of obligation rather than any expected consequences. A good will treats humanity as an end in itself.
The Stoics believed that our wealth, status, power, possession and stature are neither good or bad, and they have no social importance with respect to our relationships with one another. We are equals. They held that external differences, such as rank and wealth, are of no importance in social relationships.
Stoic Belief - The Philosophy Of Virtue And Ethics
What Does Ethics Mean? Essay
Ethics, Morals, And Laws Essay
Essay about Morals and Ethics
Ethics in Science Essay
Ethics in Research Essay
Ethics and Education Essay
Philosophy of Ethics Essay
Ethics In The Workplace Essay
Essay on Ethics Case Study
Ethics in Psychology Essay
Essay on Ethics Assignment
Reflective Essay On Ethics
Essay on Ethics
Ethics In Nursing Essay
Reflective Essay On Ethics
Essay about Ethics in International Business
The document discusses different philosophical views on what constitutes "The Good Life." It begins by proposing a definition of technology as the means to extend human abilities and realize what each person believes to be The Good Life. Next, it outlines various thinkers' perspectives on The Good Life, such as a life of pleasure, virtue, fulfillment of needs, or freedom from desire. It concludes by providing the author's own view that The Good Life incorporates sufficient resources, wellness, love, accomplishment, rest, knowledge, beauty, virtue, transcendence, and beneficence.
This document summarizes the ethics of Plato and Aristotle. It discusses that Socrates sought to understand virtues like justice through rational inquiry. Plato believed the ultimate source of moral value was non-natural forms, and virtues like temperance, courage, wisdom and justice resulted from reason governing the soul's elements. Aristotle defined happiness involving pleasure and reason as humans' natural highest objective. For Aristotle, virtues were habits developed through exercising rational capacity to moderate impulses in accordance with our function of living and reasoning.
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A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
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3. The Nature of Ethics according to Aristotle
Ethics refers primarily to character
Emphasis is on character and human excellence, the
virtues
The criterion for moral rightness is good character
4. Character
The virtuous person acts out of a set disposition to do
the right act in the right way, at the right time, and for
the right reason
If you don’t know what the right thing to do is, find the
good person and watch what he does
5. Teleological thinking
All nature is teleological (purposive)
Pre-designed telos
Plants nutrition
Animals sensation
Humans nutrition, sensation, and
reason
The ability to deliberate, to use reason in a practical
and theoretical manner is the essence (function) of a
human being
6. Human Nature
Humans by nature are political animals
Good state provides good and happy people
Good people along with good laws are necessary
for a well-governed state
Ethics is considered as a branch of politics: the
state should actively encourage citizens to
inculcate the virtues, which in turn are the best
guarantee of a flourishing political order
7. The Functionalist Account of Human Nature
To know what something is, is to know what it is used
for, what it is meant to become: what its function is.
E.g. what is the function of a knife?
Human beings have a distinct function
Some humans fulfill this function better than others
(NE, Book 1, 7)
8. “Reason is the true self of every person, since it
is the supreme and better part, It will be strange,
then, if he should choose not his own life, but
some other’s….What is naturally proper to every
creature is the highest and pleasantest for him.
And so, to man, this will be the life of Reason,
since reason is, in the highest sense, a man’s self.”
(NE, 10.7)
9.
10. What is the Good life?
The three classes of goods: (NE 1,8)
What kind of life is most worth living?
11. “There is general agreement; for both the common
person and people of superior refinement say that
it is happiness, and identify living well and doing
well with being happy; but with regard to what
happiness is they differ, and many do not give the
same account as the wise. For the former think it
is some plain and obvious thing, like pleasure,
wealth or honor.” (NE, I.4)
12. Happiness
How does Aristotle define
“happiness”? What are the chief
characteristics of happiness? How
does he arrive at this definition?
(Book 1, 8)
13. Happiness (eudaimonia)
It is not merely a subjective state of pleasure or
contentment but the kind of life we would all want
to live if we understood our essential nature.
Our function (essence) is to live according to
reason and thereby become a certain sort of highly
rational being.
When we fulfill the ideal of living the virtuous life,
we are truly happy.
Happy life is directed toward worthwhile goals.
14. The Good Life
“Activity of the soul in accordance with virtue,
and if there are more than one virtue, in
accordance with the best and most complete.”
The best and most complete virtue is to be found in
intellectual virtues
15. Virtue
“We can experience fear, confidence, desire,
anger, pity, and generally any kind of pleasure
and pain too much or too little, and in either
case not properly. But to experience all this at
the right time, toward the right object,
toward the right people, for the right reason,
and in the right manner-that is the mean and
the best course, the course that is the mark
of virtue. (NE)
16. Types of virtues
Intellectual Virtues
- The virtues of the
rational part of the soul
- Practical reason:
prudence
- Theoretical reason:
wisdom
Moral Virtues
- Derive from attitudes in
us (habituation)
E.g. by carrying out
acts of courage we easily
bring in completion the
acts of courage
17. Intellectual virtues
Prudence (phronesis):
Consists in knowing correctly how to direct the life of
man
Assist us in deliberating correctly about the true aims of
man: it points out the suitable means to the
achievement of true goals
Wisdom:
The most elevated dianoetic virtue
It regards those things that are higher than man: e.g.
theoretical sciences, metaphysics.
18. Correlation between intellectual
and ethical virtues
“For virtue makes us aim at the right mark, and practical
wisdom makes us take the right means.”
Intellectual virtues points out the suitable means but
they do not point out the ends themselves
The true ends and aims are grasped by the ethical virtues
that directs the will in the correct way
“It is not possible to be virtuous without prudence or to
be wise without ethical virtues.”
19. Prudence
is the virtue of practical intelligence of knowing how
to apply general principles in particular situations.
is the ability to act so that principle will take a concrete
form.
Is not only a virtue but it is the keystone to all virtues.
Prudence is the virtue which is manifested in acting so
that one’s adherence to other virtues is exemplified in
one’s actions.
20. “Whereas young people become accomplished in
geometry and mathematics, and wise within these
limits, prudent young people do not seem to be found.
The reason is that prudence is concerned with
particulars as well as universals, and particulars
become known from experience, but a young person
lacks experience, since some length of time is needed
to produce it (Nichomachean Ethics).”
21. Ethical virtues
“ virtue of character is a mean, …, it is a mean between two
vices, one of excess and one of deficiency; and that it is
such because it is the sort of thing able to hit the mean in
feelings and actions. This is why it is hard to be good,
because in each case it is hard to find the middle point; for
instance, not everyone can find the center of a circle, but
only the person with knowledge. So too anyone can get
angry, or give and spend money – these are easy; but doing
them in relation to the right person, in the right amount, at
the right time, with the right aim in view, and in the right
way – that is not something anyone can do, nor it is easy.
This is why excellence in these things is rare, praiseworthy
and noble.” (NE)
22. “Virtue… is a state involving rational choice,
consisting in a mean relative to us and
determined by reason – the reason, that is,
by reference to which practically wise person
would determine it. It is a mean between
two vices, one of excess, the other of
deficiency.” (NE)
23. The Golden Mean
The morally good persons live a life of moderation, the
“mean” between two extreme type of actions
The life of moderation is one that:
- Avoids the excesses and the deficiencies of behavior
- Is governed by reason
- Is not directed by uncontrollable desires and passion
24. Pleasure
Pleasure accompanies every activity and brings it to
perfection, it completes and activity
Which pleasures are good?
Those which have good sources (even bodily pleasures
are good up to some point - temperance)
The only real pleasures are those of the virtuous
person.
Pleasure crowns the virtuous life and is the necessary
consequence of which virtue is the antecedent
25. Happiness
How is virtue related to the attainment of happiness?
Happiness consists in the activity of the mind in
conformity with virtue
The true goods of man are the spiritual goods that
consist in virtue of his soul, and this is happiness
The care of the soul remains the only way that leads to
happiness
Being sufficiently endowed with the possession of
exterior goods is indispensable, but they don’t guarantee
happiness
26. Happiness: life of contemplation
Having a good moral character, the intellectual habits
of the mind places us in a position to acquire scientific
and philosophical wisdom
The central intellectual virtue is to discover the truth
The life of the philosopher is the greatest chance to
achieve happiness: “this activity is the best …, and, … it
is the most continuous;” “the philosopher, even by
himself, can contemplate truth, …, he is the most self-
sufficient, …. And this activity alone would seem to be
loved for its own sake.”
27. The Revival of Virtue Ethics
The Ethics of Care
Relationship
Narrative
The person as a whole