SlideShare une entreprise Scribd logo
CHANGING EAST AFRICAN MOUNTAINS


                                                 5 895 m




                                                 Diaporama préparé
       François BART, Professeur de Géographie   par Marie-Louise Penin

       Université de Bordeaux 3                                   1
Swamp
     Main roads
     (non tarmac)                                       Topography
     Mountain trekking routes
     Kenya-Tanzania border                                                        Oloitokitok
      Kilimanjaro National Park

    10 km                               SHIRA
                             3 943m                      KIBO
                                                                   MAWENZI

                                                      5 895m             5 121m
                                                                                  3 000m


  Mount Meru                                                                       2 000m
                                                                  Marangu

                                                        MOSHI                       1 000m
                                  Bomangombe
                                                                          Himo
                                                                                     800m
Réalisation : Guilène Réaud-Thomas – Adaptation PowerPoint : Marie-Louise Penin                 3
Population density                                      routes revêtues
                                                                        et non revêtues

                                                                        frontière d’Etats
                                                                        limite de région
                                                                        et de district
                                                                        forêt
                                                                        sylviculture
                                                                        Estates

                                                                               500
                                                                             2 000
                                                                             5 000
                                                                             6 000
                                                                             7 000

                                                                     MOSHI   96 645
                                                                     Nombre d’habitants
                                                                        par village

                                     MOSHI

Etablie par Guilène Réaud-Thomas, avec la collaboration de
François Devenne et Milline Jethro Mbonile
Réalisation : Guilène Réaud-Thomas, Source : National Census, 1988                     5
Coffee banana belt (1500m)




                             9
Chagga
Agroforestry:
 Kilimanjaro
 rural way of
     life…


            10
Maasai
pastoralism
in lowlands

   A kraal




             18
URBANIZING MOUNT KILIMANJARO: MOSHI
URBAN SERVICES FOR FARMERS
Urban-rural commuting:
Moshi Central bus station
Kilimanjaro
urban way
  of life?
KENYA
 Retreating pastoralist
 Maasai area


Estates farming




             Chagga rural territory




                                              21
KENYA
 Retreatingpastoralist
 Maasai area


Cereals Estates                                  State controlled
                                                 protected area




             Expanding downward Chagga
             Cultivation area             International Tourism area



  ARUSHA           Rural/Urban Area

                                    MOSHI
                         KILIMANJARO
                         INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT
                                                                 23

Contenu connexe

Plus de University of the Highlands and Islands

110614 garry coutts presentation
110614   garry coutts presentation110614   garry coutts presentation
110614 garry coutts presentation
University of the Highlands and Islands
 
110614 delegate list
110614   delegate list110614   delegate list
110614 uhi self management modules peg 2011-2012
110614   uhi self management modules peg 2011-2012110614   uhi self management modules peg 2011-2012
110614 uhi self management modules peg 2011-2012
University of the Highlands and Islands
 
110614 chair profile
110614   chair profile110614   chair profile
110614 abstract booklet
110614   abstract booklet110614   abstract booklet
UHI postgraduate prospectus 11-12
UHI postgraduate prospectus 11-12UHI postgraduate prospectus 11-12
UHI postgraduate prospectus 11-12
University of the Highlands and Islands
 
A Career in Teaching - Isobel Kerr [Scottish Teacher Recruitment Team]
A Career in Teaching - Isobel Kerr [Scottish Teacher Recruitment Team]A Career in Teaching - Isobel Kerr [Scottish Teacher Recruitment Team]
A Career in Teaching - Isobel Kerr [Scottish Teacher Recruitment Team]
University of the Highlands and Islands
 
The ‘State of the Art’ of Global Change Research in Mountains - An analysis o...
The ‘State of the Art’ of Global Change Research in Mountains - An analysis o...The ‘State of the Art’ of Global Change Research in Mountains - An analysis o...
The ‘State of the Art’ of Global Change Research in Mountains - An analysis o...
University of the Highlands and Islands
 
Welcome to Perth [Martin Price]
Welcome to Perth [Martin Price]Welcome to Perth [Martin Price]
Welcome to Perth [Martin Price]
University of the Highlands and Islands
 
Conducting Climate Change Risk and Vulnerability Assessments in Rural Mountai...
Conducting Climate Change Risk and Vulnerability Assessments in Rural Mountai...Conducting Climate Change Risk and Vulnerability Assessments in Rural Mountai...
Conducting Climate Change Risk and Vulnerability Assessments in Rural Mountai...
University of the Highlands and Islands
 
Global Change in Katunskiy Biosphere Reserve: Vulnerability of ecosystems and...
Global Change in Katunskiy Biosphere Reserve: Vulnerability of ecosystems and...Global Change in Katunskiy Biosphere Reserve: Vulnerability of ecosystems and...
Global Change in Katunskiy Biosphere Reserve: Vulnerability of ecosystems and...
University of the Highlands and Islands
 
Water transparency to UV radiation in montane lakes: consequences of climate-...
Water transparency to UV radiation in montane lakes: consequences of climate-...Water transparency to UV radiation in montane lakes: consequences of climate-...
Water transparency to UV radiation in montane lakes: consequences of climate-...
University of the Highlands and Islands
 
Remote sensing and isotopic analysis to determine the contribution of snow- a...
Remote sensing and isotopic analysis to determine the contribution of snow- a...Remote sensing and isotopic analysis to determine the contribution of snow- a...
Remote sensing and isotopic analysis to determine the contribution of snow- a...
University of the Highlands and Islands
 
New aspects of the late to post glacial deglaciation around the Nilgri Himal ...
New aspects of the late to post glacial deglaciation around the Nilgri Himal ...New aspects of the late to post glacial deglaciation around the Nilgri Himal ...
New aspects of the late to post glacial deglaciation around the Nilgri Himal ...
University of the Highlands and Islands
 
Propagation of global stressors at the algae-consumer interface: From short- ...
Propagation of global stressors at the algae-consumer interface: From short- ...Propagation of global stressors at the algae-consumer interface: From short- ...
Propagation of global stressors at the algae-consumer interface: From short- ...
University of the Highlands and Islands
 
Al Jabal Al Akhdar Initiative 2004 - 2007: A post project analysis [Reginald ...
Al Jabal Al Akhdar Initiative 2004 - 2007: A post project analysis [Reginald ...Al Jabal Al Akhdar Initiative 2004 - 2007: A post project analysis [Reginald ...
Al Jabal Al Akhdar Initiative 2004 - 2007: A post project analysis [Reginald ...
University of the Highlands and Islands
 
Recent changes of the timberline and treeline in the Southern Carpathians [Ma...
Recent changes of the timberline and treeline in the Southern Carpathians [Ma...Recent changes of the timberline and treeline in the Southern Carpathians [Ma...
Recent changes of the timberline and treeline in the Southern Carpathians [Ma...
University of the Highlands and Islands
 
Environmental Indicators: Measuring Urban Development in Mountains of India [...
Environmental Indicators: Measuring Urban Development in Mountains of India [...Environmental Indicators: Measuring Urban Development in Mountains of India [...
Environmental Indicators: Measuring Urban Development in Mountains of India [...
University of the Highlands and Islands
 
Is there acceleration in streamflow timing trends across western North Americ...
Is there acceleration in streamflow timing trends across western North Americ...Is there acceleration in streamflow timing trends across western North Americ...
Is there acceleration in streamflow timing trends across western North Americ...
University of the Highlands and Islands
 
Seasons and life cycles; a conceptual framework and low-cost instrumentation ...
Seasons and life cycles; a conceptual framework and low-cost instrumentation ...Seasons and life cycles; a conceptual framework and low-cost instrumentation ...
Seasons and life cycles; a conceptual framework and low-cost instrumentation ...
University of the Highlands and Islands
 

Plus de University of the Highlands and Islands (20)

110614 garry coutts presentation
110614   garry coutts presentation110614   garry coutts presentation
110614 garry coutts presentation
 
110614 delegate list
110614   delegate list110614   delegate list
110614 delegate list
 
110614 uhi self management modules peg 2011-2012
110614   uhi self management modules peg 2011-2012110614   uhi self management modules peg 2011-2012
110614 uhi self management modules peg 2011-2012
 
110614 chair profile
110614   chair profile110614   chair profile
110614 chair profile
 
110614 abstract booklet
110614   abstract booklet110614   abstract booklet
110614 abstract booklet
 
UHI postgraduate prospectus 11-12
UHI postgraduate prospectus 11-12UHI postgraduate prospectus 11-12
UHI postgraduate prospectus 11-12
 
A Career in Teaching - Isobel Kerr [Scottish Teacher Recruitment Team]
A Career in Teaching - Isobel Kerr [Scottish Teacher Recruitment Team]A Career in Teaching - Isobel Kerr [Scottish Teacher Recruitment Team]
A Career in Teaching - Isobel Kerr [Scottish Teacher Recruitment Team]
 
The ‘State of the Art’ of Global Change Research in Mountains - An analysis o...
The ‘State of the Art’ of Global Change Research in Mountains - An analysis o...The ‘State of the Art’ of Global Change Research in Mountains - An analysis o...
The ‘State of the Art’ of Global Change Research in Mountains - An analysis o...
 
Welcome to Perth [Martin Price]
Welcome to Perth [Martin Price]Welcome to Perth [Martin Price]
Welcome to Perth [Martin Price]
 
Conducting Climate Change Risk and Vulnerability Assessments in Rural Mountai...
Conducting Climate Change Risk and Vulnerability Assessments in Rural Mountai...Conducting Climate Change Risk and Vulnerability Assessments in Rural Mountai...
Conducting Climate Change Risk and Vulnerability Assessments in Rural Mountai...
 
Global Change in Katunskiy Biosphere Reserve: Vulnerability of ecosystems and...
Global Change in Katunskiy Biosphere Reserve: Vulnerability of ecosystems and...Global Change in Katunskiy Biosphere Reserve: Vulnerability of ecosystems and...
Global Change in Katunskiy Biosphere Reserve: Vulnerability of ecosystems and...
 
Water transparency to UV radiation in montane lakes: consequences of climate-...
Water transparency to UV radiation in montane lakes: consequences of climate-...Water transparency to UV radiation in montane lakes: consequences of climate-...
Water transparency to UV radiation in montane lakes: consequences of climate-...
 
Remote sensing and isotopic analysis to determine the contribution of snow- a...
Remote sensing and isotopic analysis to determine the contribution of snow- a...Remote sensing and isotopic analysis to determine the contribution of snow- a...
Remote sensing and isotopic analysis to determine the contribution of snow- a...
 
New aspects of the late to post glacial deglaciation around the Nilgri Himal ...
New aspects of the late to post glacial deglaciation around the Nilgri Himal ...New aspects of the late to post glacial deglaciation around the Nilgri Himal ...
New aspects of the late to post glacial deglaciation around the Nilgri Himal ...
 
Propagation of global stressors at the algae-consumer interface: From short- ...
Propagation of global stressors at the algae-consumer interface: From short- ...Propagation of global stressors at the algae-consumer interface: From short- ...
Propagation of global stressors at the algae-consumer interface: From short- ...
 
Al Jabal Al Akhdar Initiative 2004 - 2007: A post project analysis [Reginald ...
Al Jabal Al Akhdar Initiative 2004 - 2007: A post project analysis [Reginald ...Al Jabal Al Akhdar Initiative 2004 - 2007: A post project analysis [Reginald ...
Al Jabal Al Akhdar Initiative 2004 - 2007: A post project analysis [Reginald ...
 
Recent changes of the timberline and treeline in the Southern Carpathians [Ma...
Recent changes of the timberline and treeline in the Southern Carpathians [Ma...Recent changes of the timberline and treeline in the Southern Carpathians [Ma...
Recent changes of the timberline and treeline in the Southern Carpathians [Ma...
 
Environmental Indicators: Measuring Urban Development in Mountains of India [...
Environmental Indicators: Measuring Urban Development in Mountains of India [...Environmental Indicators: Measuring Urban Development in Mountains of India [...
Environmental Indicators: Measuring Urban Development in Mountains of India [...
 
Is there acceleration in streamflow timing trends across western North Americ...
Is there acceleration in streamflow timing trends across western North Americ...Is there acceleration in streamflow timing trends across western North Americ...
Is there acceleration in streamflow timing trends across western North Americ...
 
Seasons and life cycles; a conceptual framework and low-cost instrumentation ...
Seasons and life cycles; a conceptual framework and low-cost instrumentation ...Seasons and life cycles; a conceptual framework and low-cost instrumentation ...
Seasons and life cycles; a conceptual framework and low-cost instrumentation ...
 

Dernier

Iris van Herpen. pptx
Iris         van        Herpen.      pptxIris         van        Herpen.      pptx
Iris van Herpen. pptx
Txaruka
 
Cycle de Formation Théâtrale 2024 / 2025
Cycle de Formation Théâtrale 2024 / 2025Cycle de Formation Théâtrale 2024 / 2025
Cycle de Formation Théâtrale 2024 / 2025
Billy DEYLORD
 
Iris van Herpen. pptx
Iris            van        Herpen.     pptxIris            van        Herpen.     pptx
Iris van Herpen. pptx
Txaruka
 
Burkina Faso library newsletter May 2024
Burkina Faso library newsletter May 2024Burkina Faso library newsletter May 2024
Burkina Faso library newsletter May 2024
Friends of African Village Libraries
 
Procédure consignation Lock Out Tag Out.pptx
Procédure consignation  Lock Out Tag Out.pptxProcédure consignation  Lock Out Tag Out.pptx
Procédure consignation Lock Out Tag Out.pptx
caggoune66
 
Conseils pour Les Jeunes | Conseils de La Vie| Conseil de La Jeunesse
Conseils pour Les Jeunes | Conseils de La Vie| Conseil de La JeunesseConseils pour Les Jeunes | Conseils de La Vie| Conseil de La Jeunesse
Conseils pour Les Jeunes | Conseils de La Vie| Conseil de La Jeunesse
Oscar Smith
 
Impact des Critères Environnementaux, Sociaux et de Gouvernance (ESG) sur les...
Impact des Critères Environnementaux, Sociaux et de Gouvernance (ESG) sur les...Impact des Critères Environnementaux, Sociaux et de Gouvernance (ESG) sur les...
Impact des Critères Environnementaux, Sociaux et de Gouvernance (ESG) sur les...
mrelmejri
 
Iris van Herpen. pptx
Iris         van         Herpen.      pptxIris         van         Herpen.      pptx
Iris van Herpen. pptx
Txaruka
 
Newsletter SPW Agriculture en province du Luxembourg du 12-06-24
Newsletter SPW Agriculture en province du Luxembourg du 12-06-24Newsletter SPW Agriculture en province du Luxembourg du 12-06-24
Newsletter SPW Agriculture en province du Luxembourg du 12-06-24
BenotGeorges3
 
Formation M2i - Onboarding réussi - les clés pour intégrer efficacement vos n...
Formation M2i - Onboarding réussi - les clés pour intégrer efficacement vos n...Formation M2i - Onboarding réussi - les clés pour intégrer efficacement vos n...
Formation M2i - Onboarding réussi - les clés pour intégrer efficacement vos n...
M2i Formation
 
Formation Intelligence Artificielle pour dirigeants- IT6-DIGITALIX 24_opt OK_...
Formation Intelligence Artificielle pour dirigeants- IT6-DIGITALIX 24_opt OK_...Formation Intelligence Artificielle pour dirigeants- IT6-DIGITALIX 24_opt OK_...
Formation Intelligence Artificielle pour dirigeants- IT6-DIGITALIX 24_opt OK_...
cristionobedi
 
Edito-B1-francais Manuel to learning.pdf
Edito-B1-francais Manuel to learning.pdfEdito-B1-francais Manuel to learning.pdf
Edito-B1-francais Manuel to learning.pdf
WarlockeTamagafk
 

Dernier (12)

Iris van Herpen. pptx
Iris         van        Herpen.      pptxIris         van        Herpen.      pptx
Iris van Herpen. pptx
 
Cycle de Formation Théâtrale 2024 / 2025
Cycle de Formation Théâtrale 2024 / 2025Cycle de Formation Théâtrale 2024 / 2025
Cycle de Formation Théâtrale 2024 / 2025
 
Iris van Herpen. pptx
Iris            van        Herpen.     pptxIris            van        Herpen.     pptx
Iris van Herpen. pptx
 
Burkina Faso library newsletter May 2024
Burkina Faso library newsletter May 2024Burkina Faso library newsletter May 2024
Burkina Faso library newsletter May 2024
 
Procédure consignation Lock Out Tag Out.pptx
Procédure consignation  Lock Out Tag Out.pptxProcédure consignation  Lock Out Tag Out.pptx
Procédure consignation Lock Out Tag Out.pptx
 
Conseils pour Les Jeunes | Conseils de La Vie| Conseil de La Jeunesse
Conseils pour Les Jeunes | Conseils de La Vie| Conseil de La JeunesseConseils pour Les Jeunes | Conseils de La Vie| Conseil de La Jeunesse
Conseils pour Les Jeunes | Conseils de La Vie| Conseil de La Jeunesse
 
Impact des Critères Environnementaux, Sociaux et de Gouvernance (ESG) sur les...
Impact des Critères Environnementaux, Sociaux et de Gouvernance (ESG) sur les...Impact des Critères Environnementaux, Sociaux et de Gouvernance (ESG) sur les...
Impact des Critères Environnementaux, Sociaux et de Gouvernance (ESG) sur les...
 
Iris van Herpen. pptx
Iris         van         Herpen.      pptxIris         van         Herpen.      pptx
Iris van Herpen. pptx
 
Newsletter SPW Agriculture en province du Luxembourg du 12-06-24
Newsletter SPW Agriculture en province du Luxembourg du 12-06-24Newsletter SPW Agriculture en province du Luxembourg du 12-06-24
Newsletter SPW Agriculture en province du Luxembourg du 12-06-24
 
Formation M2i - Onboarding réussi - les clés pour intégrer efficacement vos n...
Formation M2i - Onboarding réussi - les clés pour intégrer efficacement vos n...Formation M2i - Onboarding réussi - les clés pour intégrer efficacement vos n...
Formation M2i - Onboarding réussi - les clés pour intégrer efficacement vos n...
 
Formation Intelligence Artificielle pour dirigeants- IT6-DIGITALIX 24_opt OK_...
Formation Intelligence Artificielle pour dirigeants- IT6-DIGITALIX 24_opt OK_...Formation Intelligence Artificielle pour dirigeants- IT6-DIGITALIX 24_opt OK_...
Formation Intelligence Artificielle pour dirigeants- IT6-DIGITALIX 24_opt OK_...
 
Edito-B1-francais Manuel to learning.pdf
Edito-B1-francais Manuel to learning.pdfEdito-B1-francais Manuel to learning.pdf
Edito-B1-francais Manuel to learning.pdf
 

Changing East African Mountains: Mount Kilimanjaro, Tanzania [Francois Bart]