Cloud security consists of policies, controls, procedures and technologies that work together to protect cloud systems, data and infrastructure. It secures cloud environments against external and internal threats through authentication, traffic filtering and configuring security based on business needs. Key challenges include attacks moving faster than protections can be implemented and ensuring security audits and adoption of new technologies do not introduce risks. Responsibilities are divided between the customer and provider based on the cloud service model used.
This document discusses various aspects of cloud security including cloud security challenges, areas of concern in cloud computing, how to evaluate risks, cloud computing categories, the cloud security alliance, security service boundaries, responsibilities by service models, securing data, auditing and compliance, identity management protocols, and Windows Azure identity standards. It provides information on policies, controls, and technologies used to secure cloud environments, applications, and data.
This document discusses security considerations for cloud computing. It covers security challenges like privacy, portability, interoperability, reliability and availability. It also discusses security planning, boundaries based on infrastructure as a service (IaaS), platform as a service (PaaS) and software as a service (SaaS) models. Additional topics include data security, software as a service security, security monitoring, and security architecture design.
Security Considerations When Using Cloud Infrastructure Services.pdfCiente
Vast amounts of data, massive networks of virtual machines, and the limitless potential of the cloud — are the hallmarks of cloud infrastructure services.
Read this Article here: https://ciente.io/blogs/security-considerations-when-using-cloud-infrastructure-services/
Learn more: https://ciente.io/blog/
Follow for more Articles here: https://ciente.io/
Cloud computing provides a way for organizations to share distributed resources over a network. However, data security is a major concern in cloud computing since data is stored remotely. The document discusses several techniques used for data security in cloud computing including authentication, encryption, data masking, and data traceability. The latest technologies discussed are a cloud information gateway that can control data transmission and secure logic migration that transfers applications to an internal sandbox for secure execution.
Enterprise IT is transitioning from the use of traditional on-premise data centers to hybrid cloud environments. As a result, we’re experiencing a paradigm shift in the way we must think about and manage enterprise security. From Four Walls to No Walls Until now, the conventional view on IT security has been that applications and data are safe because they’re physically housed within the confines of a company’s data center walls using company-owned equipment. So, it’s not surprising that many decision makers perceive greater risks as they trade physical assets for cloud-based solutions.
Through our partnerships with leading cloud providers, we are able to offer hybrid, private and public cloud solutions. At Epoch Universal, we supply cloud the way you want it with deep control, extreme performance, and broad customization capabilities. When you join the Epoch Universal fold, you take back the keys to your kingdom. Reign as supreme commander in chief of your cloud. No compromises. No exceptions.
This document provides an overview of cloud computing, including its structure, categories, architecture, storage, security, and deployment models. It defines cloud computing as relying on sharing hardware and software resources over a network rather than local devices. The cloud computing architecture has a front end that users interact with and a back end comprising various computers, servers, and storage devices that make up "the cloud." It also discusses cloud storage architecture, reference models, and ensuring security for data in transit, at rest, and through authentication and access control.
Guide to security patterns for cloud systems and data security in aws and azureAbdul Khan
Cloud has many advantages over the traditional on-premise infrastructure; however, this does bring many new concerns around issues of system security, communication security, data security, privacy, latency and availability. When designing and developing Cloud SaaS application, these security issues need to be addressed in order to ensure regulatory compliance, security and trusted environment in AWS and Azure.
The presentation provides real-world cloud security scenarios (problem statements) and proposed solutions for each security design pattern. Also covers the different security aspects of system including, data security to privacy and GDPR related problems.
This document discusses various aspects of cloud security including cloud security challenges, areas of concern in cloud computing, how to evaluate risks, cloud computing categories, the cloud security alliance, security service boundaries, responsibilities by service models, securing data, auditing and compliance, identity management protocols, and Windows Azure identity standards. It provides information on policies, controls, and technologies used to secure cloud environments, applications, and data.
This document discusses security considerations for cloud computing. It covers security challenges like privacy, portability, interoperability, reliability and availability. It also discusses security planning, boundaries based on infrastructure as a service (IaaS), platform as a service (PaaS) and software as a service (SaaS) models. Additional topics include data security, software as a service security, security monitoring, and security architecture design.
Security Considerations When Using Cloud Infrastructure Services.pdfCiente
Vast amounts of data, massive networks of virtual machines, and the limitless potential of the cloud — are the hallmarks of cloud infrastructure services.
Read this Article here: https://ciente.io/blogs/security-considerations-when-using-cloud-infrastructure-services/
Learn more: https://ciente.io/blog/
Follow for more Articles here: https://ciente.io/
Cloud computing provides a way for organizations to share distributed resources over a network. However, data security is a major concern in cloud computing since data is stored remotely. The document discusses several techniques used for data security in cloud computing including authentication, encryption, data masking, and data traceability. The latest technologies discussed are a cloud information gateway that can control data transmission and secure logic migration that transfers applications to an internal sandbox for secure execution.
Enterprise IT is transitioning from the use of traditional on-premise data centers to hybrid cloud environments. As a result, we’re experiencing a paradigm shift in the way we must think about and manage enterprise security. From Four Walls to No Walls Until now, the conventional view on IT security has been that applications and data are safe because they’re physically housed within the confines of a company’s data center walls using company-owned equipment. So, it’s not surprising that many decision makers perceive greater risks as they trade physical assets for cloud-based solutions.
Through our partnerships with leading cloud providers, we are able to offer hybrid, private and public cloud solutions. At Epoch Universal, we supply cloud the way you want it with deep control, extreme performance, and broad customization capabilities. When you join the Epoch Universal fold, you take back the keys to your kingdom. Reign as supreme commander in chief of your cloud. No compromises. No exceptions.
This document provides an overview of cloud computing, including its structure, categories, architecture, storage, security, and deployment models. It defines cloud computing as relying on sharing hardware and software resources over a network rather than local devices. The cloud computing architecture has a front end that users interact with and a back end comprising various computers, servers, and storage devices that make up "the cloud." It also discusses cloud storage architecture, reference models, and ensuring security for data in transit, at rest, and through authentication and access control.
Guide to security patterns for cloud systems and data security in aws and azureAbdul Khan
Cloud has many advantages over the traditional on-premise infrastructure; however, this does bring many new concerns around issues of system security, communication security, data security, privacy, latency and availability. When designing and developing Cloud SaaS application, these security issues need to be addressed in order to ensure regulatory compliance, security and trusted environment in AWS and Azure.
The presentation provides real-world cloud security scenarios (problem statements) and proposed solutions for each security design pattern. Also covers the different security aspects of system including, data security to privacy and GDPR related problems.
Let us understand some of the infrastructural and
security challenges that every organization faces today
before delving into the concept of securing the cloud
data lake platform. Though Data lakes provide scalability,
agility, and cost-effective features, it possesses a unique
infrastructure and security challenges.
SMBs are fast at adapting to innovation and change, cloud computing has grabbed the spotlight for safer business with data security solutions. Know how today's business can reap and adopt cloud security features for public cloud.
A cloud database stores data on remote servers accessed via the internet rather than a local physical server. There are two common deployment models - running a database independently on a virtual machine in the cloud, or purchasing access to a database service maintained by a cloud provider. Using a cloud database offers benefits like low cost, easy access to data from anywhere, and automatic data backup, but also security risks that must be addressed.
A robust and verifiable threshold multi authority access control system in pu...IJARIIT
Attribute-based Encryption is observed as a promising cryptographic leading tool to assurance data owners’ direct
regulator over their data in public cloud storage. The former ABE schemes include only one authority to maintain the whole
attribute set, which can carry a single-point bottleneck on both security and performance. Then, certain multi-authority
schemes are planned, in which numerous authorities distinctly maintain split attribute subsets. However, the single-point
bottleneck problem remains unsolved. In this survey paper, from another perspective, we conduct a threshold multi-authority
CP-ABE access control scheme for public cloud storage, named TMACS, in which multiple authorities jointly manage a
uniform attribute set. In TMACS, taking advantage of (t, n) threshold secret allocation, the master key can be shared among
multiple authorities, and a lawful user can generate his/her secret key by interacting with any t authorities. Security and
performance analysis results show that TMACS is not only verifiable secure when less than t authorities are compromised, but
also robust when no less than t authorities are alive in the system. Also, by efficiently combining the traditional multi-authority
scheme with TMACS, we construct a hybrid one, which satisfies the scenario of attributes coming from different authorities as
well as achieving security and system-level robustness.
Privacy Preserving in Authentication Protocol for Shared Authority Based Clou...IRJET Journal
This document proposes a privacy-preserving authentication protocol for shared authority-based cloud computing. It discusses security and privacy issues with data sharing among users in cloud storage. The proposed protocol uses a shared authority-based privacy preservation authentication protocol (SecCloud) to address privacy and security concerns for cloud storage. It also uses SecCloud+ to remove data de-duplication. The protocol aims to provide scalability, integrity checking, secure de-duplication, and prevent shoulder surfing attacks during the authentication process in cloud computing.
This document discusses security considerations for cloud computing. It covers security challenges like data security, application security, and virtual machine security. It discusses security planning steps like selecting resources to move to the cloud and understanding a cloud provider's security model. It also covers security controls like firewalls, load balancers, and network security groups. Data security topics covered include access control, auditing, authentication, and authorization. Encryption and isolated access to data are also discussed as important security mechanisms.
In what ways do the experts foresee the use of both virtualization a.pdfFOREVERPRODUCTCHD
In what ways do the experts foresee the use of both virtualization and cloud computing evolving
in the future?
Solution
Use ofVirtualization and cloud computing security :
• Self-defending VM security
• Layered coordinated defenses
• Security optimized for virtual and cloud environments
• Visibility, reporting, and auditing
• Encryption for virtual and cloud environments
• Security that travels with data
Security solutions should offer both agent-less and agent-based security options to provide
flexible deployment alternatives and close security gaps unique to virtualized and cloud
environments.
Encryption addresses a range of security challenges related to virtualization and cloud
computing. Standard 128-, 192-, or 256-bit encryption of storage volumes deters hackers from
prying and thieving, and reduces the risk that the cloud storage devices could be sold or reused
while they still contain confidential or private information. Encryption also greatly reduces the
risk of malicious VM attacks; as long as the encryption key for the data stores have not been
provided, even if rogue VMs reach data stores, volumes are unmountable and unreadable.
Encryption with enterprise-controlled key management enables IT to comply with security best
practices, internal governance, and external regulation. Data is kept secure, and the key
management solution can provide monitoring, reporting, and auditing capabilities that provide
visibility into data access. As a result, enterprises realize a significant reduction in the scope of
compliance audits.
Encryption for virtual and cloud environments:
In summary, best practices for encryption for virtual and cloud data protection include: •
Integration with leading cloud service providers and virtual environments. • Policy-based key
management that determines where and when encrypted data can be accessed. • Identity-based
and integrity-based server validation to determine which servers can access secure storage
volumes and whether security is up-to-date on those servers prior to data access. • Business
control of encryption keys, either on-site or through a separate SaaS service, to maintain a strict
separation of duties between the business and cloud service provider..
Secure Data Storage in Cloud Using Encryption and Steganographyiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of computer engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in computer technology. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
This document summarizes a research paper on secure data storage in the cloud using encryption and steganography. It proposes a scheme that encrypts files before uploading them to the cloud and decrypts them upon download. It also uses text steganography to insert a watermark into HTML files and image steganography to embed a watermark into image files to uniquely identify the file owner. The paper discusses challenges with secure cloud data storage and outlines the modules of the proposed system, including client, system, cloud data storage, cloud authentication server, and encryption/steganography modules. It also describes threats from unauthorized data modification, adversaries, and system requirements.
Cloud computing introduces new risks that must be addressed. It relies on sharing resources over the internet rather than local servers. This introduces vulnerabilities like insecure APIs, data leaks when data is shared on virtual machines, and issues with the virtual networks. However, cloud security can be improved through measures like encryption, access control, data tracing, and masking sensitive data. Overall cloud computing improves accessibility and scalability but also requires secure virtualization and clear responsibility over data protection.
Enhanced security framework to ensure data security in cloud using security b...eSAT Journals
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes a new password management system called Security Blanket Algorithm. The system uses strong encryption to securely store user logins, passwords, credit cards and other sensitive information in the cloud or locally on a device. When adding a new device, the system implements two-factor authentication for security. All data and communications are encrypted using AES-256. The system aims to provide secure password management while hiding encryption keys and passwords from cloud servers or third parties.
Cloud computing means using multiple server computers via a digital network, as though they were one computer.
We can say , it is a new computing paradigm, involving data and/or computation outsourcing.
it has many issues like security issues, privacy issues, data issues, energy issues, bandwidth issues, cloud interoperability.
there are solutions like scaling of resources, distribute servers etc.
IRJET- Continuous Auditing Approach to the Cloud Service Addressing Attri...IRJET Journal
This document proposes a continuous auditing approach for cloud services to address security attributes. It discusses using a third-party auditor to continuously audit selected security certification criteria of cloud services to increase trust in certificates over time as the cloud environment changes. The document outlines a system where data owners can delegate auditing to a trusted third party, allowing audits to be done publicly and efficiently while protecting data privacy. It describes desirable properties for such a public auditing system, such as minimizing overhead, protecting data privacy during audits, supporting dynamic data changes, and allowing the third party to efficiently handle multiple concurrent auditing tasks.
This document discusses enforcing multi-user security policies in cloud computing. It describes using key-policy attribute-based encryption (KP-ABE) to allow flexible and fine-grained access control of encrypted data stored on cloud servers. The database is encrypted using KP-ABE before being stored. A key management authority generates key sets for authorized users to decrypt portions of the database according to assigned access policies. This allows complex queries to be run on the encrypted database while protecting data confidentiality even from the cloud server.
This document discusses enforcing multi-user security policies in cloud computing. It describes using key-policy attribute-based encryption (KP-ABE) to allow flexible and fine-grained access control of encrypted data stored on cloud servers. The database is encrypted using KP-ABE before being stored. The key management authority generates key sets for authorized users that determine which attributes they can access. This allows complex queries to be run on the encrypted database while maintaining security and privacy.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Enhanced Data Partitioning Technique for Improving Cloud Data Storage SecurityEditor IJMTER
Cloud computing is a model for enabling for on demand network access to shared
configurable computing resources (e.g. networks, servers, storage, applications, and services).It is
based on virtualization and distributed computing technologies. Cloud Data storage systems enable
user to store data efficiently on server without any trouble of data resources. User can easily store
and retrieve their data remotely. The two biggest concerns about cloud data storage are reliability and
security. Clients aren’t like to entrust their data to another third party or companies without a
guarantee that they will be able to access therein formations whenever they want. In the existing
system, the data are stored in the cloud using dynamic data operation with computation which makes
the user need to make a copy for further updating and verification of the data loss. Different
distributed storing auditing techniques are used for overcoming the problem of data loss. Recent
work of this paper has show that data partitioning technique used for data storage by providing
Digital signature to every partitioning data and user .this technique allow user to upload or retrieve
the data with matching the digital signatures provided to them. This method ensures high cloud
storage integrity, enhanced error localization and easy identification of misbehaving server and
unauthorized access to the cloud server. Hence this work aims to store the data securely in reduced
space with less time and computational cost.
This document describes a Raspberry Pi-based health monitoring system that measures heartbeat and pulse using a Pulse Sensor. The system uses an ADS1115 ADC module to read analog voltage signals from the Pulse Sensor and send the data over I2C to the Raspberry Pi. Python code is used to analyze the sensor signals and calculate the heartbeat rate, which is displayed in Processing and also sent over serial to other devices. Circuit diagrams and instructions for installing required libraries and configuring the Raspberry Pi I2C and serial interfaces are provided.
1. The document discusses how AI and IoT can be used together in various industries like manufacturing, agriculture, transportation and healthcare.
2. In manufacturing, AI and IoT are used for predictive maintenance and quality control to reduce downtime and increase operational efficiency. Sensors in IoT devices collect data that AI analyzes to detect maintenance issues.
3. In agriculture, smart sensors monitor crop fields and automate irrigation, while AI and data analysis provide insights into crop health. AI is also used in autonomous vehicles, using sensors to navigate roads and share information.
4. In healthcare, AI and IoT are applied to remote patient monitoring, improving diagnostics, reducing wait times and tracking medical equipment.
Let us understand some of the infrastructural and
security challenges that every organization faces today
before delving into the concept of securing the cloud
data lake platform. Though Data lakes provide scalability,
agility, and cost-effective features, it possesses a unique
infrastructure and security challenges.
SMBs are fast at adapting to innovation and change, cloud computing has grabbed the spotlight for safer business with data security solutions. Know how today's business can reap and adopt cloud security features for public cloud.
A cloud database stores data on remote servers accessed via the internet rather than a local physical server. There are two common deployment models - running a database independently on a virtual machine in the cloud, or purchasing access to a database service maintained by a cloud provider. Using a cloud database offers benefits like low cost, easy access to data from anywhere, and automatic data backup, but also security risks that must be addressed.
A robust and verifiable threshold multi authority access control system in pu...IJARIIT
Attribute-based Encryption is observed as a promising cryptographic leading tool to assurance data owners’ direct
regulator over their data in public cloud storage. The former ABE schemes include only one authority to maintain the whole
attribute set, which can carry a single-point bottleneck on both security and performance. Then, certain multi-authority
schemes are planned, in which numerous authorities distinctly maintain split attribute subsets. However, the single-point
bottleneck problem remains unsolved. In this survey paper, from another perspective, we conduct a threshold multi-authority
CP-ABE access control scheme for public cloud storage, named TMACS, in which multiple authorities jointly manage a
uniform attribute set. In TMACS, taking advantage of (t, n) threshold secret allocation, the master key can be shared among
multiple authorities, and a lawful user can generate his/her secret key by interacting with any t authorities. Security and
performance analysis results show that TMACS is not only verifiable secure when less than t authorities are compromised, but
also robust when no less than t authorities are alive in the system. Also, by efficiently combining the traditional multi-authority
scheme with TMACS, we construct a hybrid one, which satisfies the scenario of attributes coming from different authorities as
well as achieving security and system-level robustness.
Privacy Preserving in Authentication Protocol for Shared Authority Based Clou...IRJET Journal
This document proposes a privacy-preserving authentication protocol for shared authority-based cloud computing. It discusses security and privacy issues with data sharing among users in cloud storage. The proposed protocol uses a shared authority-based privacy preservation authentication protocol (SecCloud) to address privacy and security concerns for cloud storage. It also uses SecCloud+ to remove data de-duplication. The protocol aims to provide scalability, integrity checking, secure de-duplication, and prevent shoulder surfing attacks during the authentication process in cloud computing.
This document discusses security considerations for cloud computing. It covers security challenges like data security, application security, and virtual machine security. It discusses security planning steps like selecting resources to move to the cloud and understanding a cloud provider's security model. It also covers security controls like firewalls, load balancers, and network security groups. Data security topics covered include access control, auditing, authentication, and authorization. Encryption and isolated access to data are also discussed as important security mechanisms.
In what ways do the experts foresee the use of both virtualization a.pdfFOREVERPRODUCTCHD
In what ways do the experts foresee the use of both virtualization and cloud computing evolving
in the future?
Solution
Use ofVirtualization and cloud computing security :
• Self-defending VM security
• Layered coordinated defenses
• Security optimized for virtual and cloud environments
• Visibility, reporting, and auditing
• Encryption for virtual and cloud environments
• Security that travels with data
Security solutions should offer both agent-less and agent-based security options to provide
flexible deployment alternatives and close security gaps unique to virtualized and cloud
environments.
Encryption addresses a range of security challenges related to virtualization and cloud
computing. Standard 128-, 192-, or 256-bit encryption of storage volumes deters hackers from
prying and thieving, and reduces the risk that the cloud storage devices could be sold or reused
while they still contain confidential or private information. Encryption also greatly reduces the
risk of malicious VM attacks; as long as the encryption key for the data stores have not been
provided, even if rogue VMs reach data stores, volumes are unmountable and unreadable.
Encryption with enterprise-controlled key management enables IT to comply with security best
practices, internal governance, and external regulation. Data is kept secure, and the key
management solution can provide monitoring, reporting, and auditing capabilities that provide
visibility into data access. As a result, enterprises realize a significant reduction in the scope of
compliance audits.
Encryption for virtual and cloud environments:
In summary, best practices for encryption for virtual and cloud data protection include: •
Integration with leading cloud service providers and virtual environments. • Policy-based key
management that determines where and when encrypted data can be accessed. • Identity-based
and integrity-based server validation to determine which servers can access secure storage
volumes and whether security is up-to-date on those servers prior to data access. • Business
control of encryption keys, either on-site or through a separate SaaS service, to maintain a strict
separation of duties between the business and cloud service provider..
Secure Data Storage in Cloud Using Encryption and Steganographyiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of computer engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in computer technology. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
This document summarizes a research paper on secure data storage in the cloud using encryption and steganography. It proposes a scheme that encrypts files before uploading them to the cloud and decrypts them upon download. It also uses text steganography to insert a watermark into HTML files and image steganography to embed a watermark into image files to uniquely identify the file owner. The paper discusses challenges with secure cloud data storage and outlines the modules of the proposed system, including client, system, cloud data storage, cloud authentication server, and encryption/steganography modules. It also describes threats from unauthorized data modification, adversaries, and system requirements.
Cloud computing introduces new risks that must be addressed. It relies on sharing resources over the internet rather than local servers. This introduces vulnerabilities like insecure APIs, data leaks when data is shared on virtual machines, and issues with the virtual networks. However, cloud security can be improved through measures like encryption, access control, data tracing, and masking sensitive data. Overall cloud computing improves accessibility and scalability but also requires secure virtualization and clear responsibility over data protection.
Enhanced security framework to ensure data security in cloud using security b...eSAT Journals
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes a new password management system called Security Blanket Algorithm. The system uses strong encryption to securely store user logins, passwords, credit cards and other sensitive information in the cloud or locally on a device. When adding a new device, the system implements two-factor authentication for security. All data and communications are encrypted using AES-256. The system aims to provide secure password management while hiding encryption keys and passwords from cloud servers or third parties.
Cloud computing means using multiple server computers via a digital network, as though they were one computer.
We can say , it is a new computing paradigm, involving data and/or computation outsourcing.
it has many issues like security issues, privacy issues, data issues, energy issues, bandwidth issues, cloud interoperability.
there are solutions like scaling of resources, distribute servers etc.
IRJET- Continuous Auditing Approach to the Cloud Service Addressing Attri...IRJET Journal
This document proposes a continuous auditing approach for cloud services to address security attributes. It discusses using a third-party auditor to continuously audit selected security certification criteria of cloud services to increase trust in certificates over time as the cloud environment changes. The document outlines a system where data owners can delegate auditing to a trusted third party, allowing audits to be done publicly and efficiently while protecting data privacy. It describes desirable properties for such a public auditing system, such as minimizing overhead, protecting data privacy during audits, supporting dynamic data changes, and allowing the third party to efficiently handle multiple concurrent auditing tasks.
This document discusses enforcing multi-user security policies in cloud computing. It describes using key-policy attribute-based encryption (KP-ABE) to allow flexible and fine-grained access control of encrypted data stored on cloud servers. The database is encrypted using KP-ABE before being stored. A key management authority generates key sets for authorized users to decrypt portions of the database according to assigned access policies. This allows complex queries to be run on the encrypted database while protecting data confidentiality even from the cloud server.
This document discusses enforcing multi-user security policies in cloud computing. It describes using key-policy attribute-based encryption (KP-ABE) to allow flexible and fine-grained access control of encrypted data stored on cloud servers. The database is encrypted using KP-ABE before being stored. The key management authority generates key sets for authorized users that determine which attributes they can access. This allows complex queries to be run on the encrypted database while maintaining security and privacy.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Enhanced Data Partitioning Technique for Improving Cloud Data Storage SecurityEditor IJMTER
Cloud computing is a model for enabling for on demand network access to shared
configurable computing resources (e.g. networks, servers, storage, applications, and services).It is
based on virtualization and distributed computing technologies. Cloud Data storage systems enable
user to store data efficiently on server without any trouble of data resources. User can easily store
and retrieve their data remotely. The two biggest concerns about cloud data storage are reliability and
security. Clients aren’t like to entrust their data to another third party or companies without a
guarantee that they will be able to access therein formations whenever they want. In the existing
system, the data are stored in the cloud using dynamic data operation with computation which makes
the user need to make a copy for further updating and verification of the data loss. Different
distributed storing auditing techniques are used for overcoming the problem of data loss. Recent
work of this paper has show that data partitioning technique used for data storage by providing
Digital signature to every partitioning data and user .this technique allow user to upload or retrieve
the data with matching the digital signatures provided to them. This method ensures high cloud
storage integrity, enhanced error localization and easy identification of misbehaving server and
unauthorized access to the cloud server. Hence this work aims to store the data securely in reduced
space with less time and computational cost.
This document describes a Raspberry Pi-based health monitoring system that measures heartbeat and pulse using a Pulse Sensor. The system uses an ADS1115 ADC module to read analog voltage signals from the Pulse Sensor and send the data over I2C to the Raspberry Pi. Python code is used to analyze the sensor signals and calculate the heartbeat rate, which is displayed in Processing and also sent over serial to other devices. Circuit diagrams and instructions for installing required libraries and configuring the Raspberry Pi I2C and serial interfaces are provided.
1. The document discusses how AI and IoT can be used together in various industries like manufacturing, agriculture, transportation and healthcare.
2. In manufacturing, AI and IoT are used for predictive maintenance and quality control to reduce downtime and increase operational efficiency. Sensors in IoT devices collect data that AI analyzes to detect maintenance issues.
3. In agriculture, smart sensors monitor crop fields and automate irrigation, while AI and data analysis provide insights into crop health. AI is also used in autonomous vehicles, using sensors to navigate roads and share information.
4. In healthcare, AI and IoT are applied to remote patient monitoring, improving diagnostics, reducing wait times and tracking medical equipment.
The document discusses various types of testing for Internet of Things (IoT) infrastructure. It covers component testing of devices, communications, and computing. It also discusses user experience testing, including usability, target audiences, and user behavior analysis. Finally, it discusses different types of infrastructure testing like integration testing, load testing, compatibility testing, and performance testing to evaluate how the IoT system performs under various conditions.
This document provides steps to deploy a web application using Azure DevOps. It outlines 35 steps to create an Azure DevOps project, clone a repository, commit code changes locally using Git, and push the code to the Azure DevOps repository. The aim is to deploy a web application by hosting HTML code in Azure DevOps. The result is that the web application is successfully deployed using Azure DevOps.
The document provides steps to create a website using the Drupal content management system (CMS). It outlines 31 steps to install Drupal, configure the database, download and extract Drupal files, set the default theme, add custom blocks of content, and place blocks in specific regions of the site. The result is a successfully created website using Drupal that can be viewed locally.
The document provides steps to launch an AWS RDS MySQL database instance and connect to it from a local MySQL database. It involves opening the AWS console, selecting RDS, choosing MySQL, configuring a free-tier database, providing credentials, copying the endpoint, and connecting the local MySQL database using the endpoint and credentials. The result is that queries can successfully be executed on the AWS RDS database instance.
This document provides steps to create an S3 bucket in AWS and upload and move files within the bucket. It begins by signing into the AWS console as a root user and searching for S3. It then outlines 23 steps to create a bucket, upload a file, and move that file into a new folder within the bucket. The overall aim is demonstrated - to create an S3 bucket and work with files within it.
Dr. M. Pyingkodi of the Department of MCA at Kongu Engineering College in Erode, Tamil Nadu, India wrote a document about working with AWS EC2 instances. The 14 step process began by opening a browser to search and select EC2 instances on AWS. It then covered downloading an RDP file, using a PEM file to decrypt passwords, installing remote desktop and a Python compiler on the instance, and writing and executing a C program to test the setup. The result was that the AWS instance was successfully created and a sample program was executed.
The document discusses Amazon Web Services (AWS), which provides cloud computing services including infrastructure as a service (IaaS), platform as a service (PaaS), and software as a service (SaaS). It describes key AWS services such as Amazon EC2 for virtual servers, S3 for object storage, EBS for block storage volumes, RDS for SQL databases, and CloudFront for content delivery. It also covers AWS features like scalability, security, and tools for monitoring and messaging.
This document discusses cloud computing concepts presented by Dr. M. Pyingkodi of Kongu Engineering College in India. It covers topics such as virtualization, service-oriented architecture, grid computing, utility computing, cloud service models (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS), deployment models, essential cloud concepts, cloud types, reference models, communication protocols, REST, composability, connecting to the cloud, applications services, and the Chromium OS. Examples of cloud providers and technologies are provided throughout the document.
This document provides an overview of supervised machine learning algorithms. It explains that supervised learning involves training a model on labeled data so it can predict the correct output for new input data. Some examples of supervised learning tasks include image classification, disease prediction, and spam detection. Classification algorithms are used for predicting categorical outputs, like dog vs cat images. Regression algorithms predict continuous outputs, like housing prices. Common classification algorithms mentioned are random forest, decision trees, logistic regression, and support vector machines. Linear regression is also discussed as a basic regression algorithm that finds a linear relationship between variables.
The document discusses various unsupervised learning techniques including clustering algorithms like k-means, k-medoids, hierarchical clustering and density-based clustering. It explains how k-means clustering works by selecting initial random centroids and iteratively reassigning data points to the closest centroid. The elbow method is described as a way to determine the optimal number of clusters k. The document also discusses how k-medoids clustering is more robust to outliers than k-means because it uses actual data points as cluster representatives rather than centroids.
The document discusses feature engineering for machine learning. It defines feature engineering as the process of transforming raw data into features that better represent the data and improve machine learning performance. Some key techniques discussed include feature selection, construction, transformation, and extraction. Feature construction involves generating new features from existing ones, such as calculating apartment area from length and breadth. Feature extraction techniques discussed are principal component analysis, which transforms correlated features into linearly uncorrelated components capturing maximum variance. The document provides examples and steps for principal component analysis.
This document discusses normalization in database management systems (DBMS). It defines normalization as a process of decomposing complex relations into simpler, stable relations to eliminate inconsistencies, redundancies, and anomalies during data modification. The document outlines several normal forms including 1NF, 2NF, 3NF, and BCNF, and provides examples to illustrate the conditions that make a relation qualified for each normal form. The goal of normalization is to minimize data redundancy, reduce update anomalies, and simplify the relational design.
Relational databases use relational algebra and relational calculus to manipulate data. Relational algebra consists of operations like select, project, join, and divide that take relations as inputs and outputs. Relational calculus specifies queries using predicates and quantifiers without describing how to retrieve data. Structured Query Language (SQL) is the standard language used to communicate with relational database management systems. SQL allows users to define schemas, retrieve, insert, update, and delete data.
This document discusses transaction processing in database management systems (DBMS). It describes the ACID properties that transactions must satisfy - atomicity, consistency, isolation, and durability. An example of a fund transfer transaction is provided to illustrate these properties. Concurrency control is discussed as a mechanism for allowing concurrent transactions while maintaining isolation. The concepts of schedules, conflicting instructions, conflict serializability, and view serializability are introduced for evaluating the correctness of concurrent transaction executions.
The document discusses Internet of Things (IoT) frameworks. It describes that an IoT framework consists of interconnected components like sensors, gateways, apps, and data/analytical platforms that enable machine-to-machine interactions by providing secure connectivity and reliable data transfer. Real-time Innovations and Cisco are mentioned as examples of IoT framework companies that provide connectivity software and platforms for industrial IoT systems. Salesforce's IoT cloud platform is also summarized, which uses Apache technologies like Kafka, Spark, and Cassandra to process and store IoT data.
The document discusses various real world applications of Internet of Things (IoT) technology. It describes how IoT is used in industrial settings to improve processes and productivity through automated equipment monitoring and predictive maintenance. It also discusses consumer IoT applications for personal devices and smart home appliances. Additional sections cover IoT applications in retail supply chain management, banking security and fraud detection, healthcare remote patient monitoring, transportation fleet management, agriculture environmental monitoring, energy use monitoring, smart cities infrastructure, and military command and control systems.
The document discusses Internet of Things (IoT) and provides an overview. It defines IoT as a network of physical objects embedded with sensors, software and network connectivity that enables the collection and exchange of data. IoT allows objects to be sensed and controlled remotely across existing network infrastructure, creating opportunities to directly integrate physical systems with computer-based systems. Common applications of IoT mentioned include smart homes, infrastructure management, industrial uses, healthcare, transportation and more.
The document discusses key concepts in database management including primary keys, candidate keys, alternate keys, and foreign keys. It defines primary keys as columns that uniquely identify rows in a table. Candidate keys are attributes that could serve as primary keys. Alternate keys are candidate keys that were not selected as the primary key. Foreign keys link data between tables by referencing the primary key of another table. Maintaining proper keys is important for uniquely identifying rows, enforcing data integrity, and establishing relationships between database tables.
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2. Cloud Security
v Consists of a set of policies, controls, procedures and
technologies that work together to protect cloud-based systems,
data, and infrastructure
v Procedures and technology that secure cloud computing
environments against both external and insider cybersecurity
threats.
v These security measures are configured to protect cloud data,
support regulatory compliance
v Protect customers privacy as well as setting authentication
rules for individual users and devices.
v From authenticating access to filtering traffic, cloud security
can be configured to the exact needs of the business
3. Cloud Security Challenges
v People can attack network hosts and web apps as fast as they
can be protected.
v Cloud administrators should test their environments and
have the latest security audits and reports.
v Take care when adopting new technologies, such as AI and
machine learning, which use many data sources
4. Areas of cloud computing that they felt were
uniquely troublesome
• Auditing
A cloud auditor can make an assessment of the security
controls in the information system to determine the extent to
which the controls are implemented correctly, operating as
intended, and producing the desired outcome with respect to the
security requirements for the system
• Data integrity
• e-Discovery for legal compliance
E-discovery is still reliable for organizing and preserving data for
legal compliance, but e-discovery in the cloud and container-based
storage complicate governance processes.
• Privacy
• Recovery
• Regulatory compliance
Cloud compliance is about complying with the laws and regulations
that apply to using the cloud.
5. To evaluate your risks
Need to perform the following analysis
1.Determine which resources (data, services, or applications)
you are planning to move to the cloud.
2.Determine the sensitivity of the resource to risk.
Risks that need to be evaluated are loss of privacy, unauthorized
access by others, loss of data, and interruptions in availability
3.Determine the risk associated with the particular cloud type
for a resource.
4.Take into account the particular cloud service model that you
will be using.
5.If you have selected a particular cloud service provider, you
need to evaluate its system to understand how data is
transferred, where it is stored, and how to move data both in
and out of the cloud.
6. Cloud Computing Categories
1. Public cloud services, operated by a public cloud provider
software-as-a-service (SaaS), infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS),
and platform-as-a-service (PaaS).
2.Private cloud services, operated by a public cloud provider
These services provide a computing environment dedicated to
one customer, operated by a third party.
3.Private cloud services, operated by internal staff
These services are an evolution of the traditional data center,
where internal staff operates a virtual environment they control.
4.Hybrid cloud services
Private and public cloud computing configurations can be
combined, hosting workloads and data based on optimizing
factors such as cost, security, operations and access.
Operation will involve internal staff, and optionally the public
cloud provider.
7. Cloud Security Alliance
The security boundary
v The boundary between the responsibility of the service
provider is separate from the responsibility of the customer.
v The Cloud Security Alliance (CSA) is the world’s leading
organization dedicated to defining and raising awareness of
best practices to help ensure a secure cloud computing
environment.
v CSA’s comprehensive research program works in
collaboration with industry, higher education and government
on a global basis.
8. The CSA partitions its guidance into a set of
operational domains
• Governance and enterprise risk management
• Legal and electronic discovery
• Compliance and audit
• Information lifecycle management
• Portability and interoperability
• Traditional security, business continuity, and disaster
recovery
• Datacenter operations
• Incidence response, notification, and remediation
• Application security
• Encryption and key management
• Identity and access management
• Virtualization
10. Security service boundary
v In the SaaS model, the vendor provides security as part of the
Service Level Agreement, with the compliance, governance, and
liability levels stipulated under the contract for the entire stack.
v For the PaaS model, the security boundary may be defined for
the vendor to include the software framework and middleware
layer.
v In the PaaS model, the customer would be responsible for the
security of the application and UI at the top of the stack.
v The model with the least built-in security is IaaS, where
everything that involves software of any kind is the customer’s
problem.
12. Security mapping
vThe cloud service model you choose determines where in the
proposed deployment the variety of security features,
compliance auditing, and other requirements must be placed.
To determine the particular security mechanisms you need,
you must perform a mapping of the particular cloud service
model to the particular application you are deploying.
vThese mechanisms must be supported by the various controls
that are provided by your service provider, your organization,
or a third party.
vA security control model includes the security that you
normally use for your applications, data, management,
network, and physical hardware
13. Securing Data
Securing data sent to, received from, and stored in the cloud is
the single largest security concern that most organizations
should have with cloud computing
These are the key mechanisms for protecting
vAccess control
vAuditing
v Authentication
vAuthorization data mechanisms
14. Brokered Cloud Storage Access
vThe problem with the data you store in the cloud is that it can
be located anywhere in the cloud service provider’s system:
v In another datacenter, another state or province, and in
many cases even in another country.
v Therefore, to protect your cloud storage assets, you want to
find a way to isolate data from direct client access.
vBrokered Cloud Storage Access is an approach for isolating
storage in the cloud.
In this approach, two services are created:
A broker with full access to storage but no access to client.
A proxy with no access to storage but access to both client and
broker.
15. Brokered Cloud Storage Access
Isolated Access to Data
Data stored in cloud can be retrieved from anywhere, hence it
should have a mechanism to isolate data and protect it from
clients direct access.
To isolate storage in the cloud, Brokered Cloud Storage Access is
an approach.
Following two services are generated in this approach:
• A broker with complete access to storage, but no access to
client.
• A proxy with no access to storage, but access to client and
broker both.
The broker does not need full access to the cloud storage, but it
may be configured to grant READ and QUERY operations, while
not allowing APPEND or DELETE.
The proxy has a limited trust role, while the broker can run with
higher privileges or even as native code.
16. Security mapping
Two services are in the direct data path between the client and data
stored in the cloud.
A broker with complete access to storage, but no access to client.
A proxy with no access to storage, but access to client and broker both.
Under this system, when a client makes a request for data, here’s what
happens:
1. The request goes to the external service interface (or endpoint) of
the proxy, which has only a partial trust.
2. The proxy, using its internal interface, forwards the request to the
broker.
3. The broker requests the data from the cloud storage system.
4. The storage system returns the results to the broker.
5. The broker returns the results to the proxy.
6. The proxy completes the response by sending the data requested to
the client.
19. Storage location and Tenancy
vData stored in the cloud is usually stored from multiple
tenants, each vendor has its own unique method for
segregating one customer’s data from another.
vImportant to have some understanding of how your specific
service provider maintains data segregation.
vMost cloud service providers store data in an encrypted form.
vEncryption does present its own set of problems.
v There is a problem with encrypted data, the result is that the
data may not be recoverable
20. Encryption
• Strong encryption technology is a core technology for protecting data in transit to
and from the cloud as well as data stored in the cloud.
• The goal of encrypted cloud storage is to create a virtual private storage system that
maintains confidentiality and data integrity while maintaining the benefits of cloud
storage: ubiquitous, reliable, shared data storage.
• Encryption should separate stored data (data at rest) from data in transit.
• Microsoft allows up to five security accounts per client, and you can use these
different accounts to create different zones.
• On Amazon Web Service, you can create multiple keys and rotate those keys during
different sessions.
• Keys should have a defined lifecycle.
• Among the schemes used to protect keys are the creation of secure key stores that
have restricted role-based access, automated key stores backup, and recovery
techniques.
• It’s a good idea to separate key management from the cloud provider that hosts
your data.
21. Auditing and compliance
vLogging is the recording of events into a repository; auditing is
the ability to monitor the events to understand performance.
v Logging and auditing is an important function because it is not
only necessary for evaluation performance.
v Logs should record system, application, and security events, at
the very minimum.
vCloud service providers often have proprietary log formats that
you need to be aware of.
vMonitoring and analysis tools you use need to be aware of these
logs and able to work with them.
vCloud services are both multitenant and multisite operations, the
logging activity and data for different clients may not only be co-
located, they may also be moving across a landscape of different
hosts and sites.
22. Compliance under the laws of the governing
bodies
• Which regulations apply to your use of a particular cloud
computing service
• Which regulations apply to the cloud service provider and
where the demarcation line falls for responsibilities
• How your cloud service provider will support your need for
information associated with regulation
• How to work with the regulator to provide the information
necessary regardless of who had the responsibility to collect
the data
23. SLAs that enforce for protections
• You have contracts reviewed by your legal staff.
• You have a right-to-audit clause in your SLA.
• You review any third parties who are service providers and
assess their impact on security and regulatory compliance.
• You understand the scope of the regulations that apply to
your cloud computing applications and services.
• You consider what steps you must take to comply with the
demands of regulations that apply.
• You consider adjusting your procedures to comply with
regulations.
• You collect and maintain the evidence of your compliance
with regulations.
• You determine whether your cloud service provider can
provide an audit statement that is SAS 70 Type II-compliant.
24. Establishing Identity
• Managing personal identity information so that access to
computer resources, applications, data, and services is
controlled properly.
• IDaaS is cloud-based authentication built and operated by a
third-party provider.
• The goal of an Identity Service is to ensure users are who they
claim to be, and to give them the right kinds of access to
software applications, files, or other resources at the right
times
• Identity management is a primary mechanism for controlling
access to data in the cloud, prevent_x0002_ing unauthorized
uses, maintaining user roles, and complying with regulations.
25. Presence
• Its purpose is to signal availability for interaction over a
network.
• It is used on networks to indicate the status of available
parties and their location
• Presence is an enabling technology for peer-to-peer
interaction.
• it adds context that can modify services and service delivery
• Among the cloud computing services that rely on
• presence information are telephony systems such as VoIP,
instant messaging services (IM), and geo-location-based
systems such as GPS.
• Presence is playing an important role in cell phones,
particularly smart phones.
26. Identity protocol standards
Identity Protocol Standards define how exchange identity
information between parties.
Many protocols that provide identity services form the basis to
create interoperability among services.
Commonly used Identity protocol standards:
• OpenID
• XACML and SAML
• OAuth
Cloud computing requires the following:
• That you establish an identity
• That the identity be authenticated
• That the authentication be portable
• That authentication provide access to cloud
27. OpenID
vIt is the standard associated with creating an identity and authenticate
its use by a third-party service.
vIt is the key to creating Single Sign-On (SSO) systems.
vOpenID doesn’t specify the means for authentication of an identity; a
particular system should execute the authentication process.
vAuthentication can be by a Challenge and Response Protocol (CHAP),
through smart card, or a biometric measurement.
In OpenIDL, the authentication procedure has the following steps:
• The end-user uses a program like a browser that is called a user agent to
enter an OpenID identifier.
• The OpenID is presented to a service that provides access to the resource
that is desired.
• An entity called a relaying party queries the OpenID identity provider to
authenticate the accuracy of the OpenID credentials.
• The authentication is sent back to the relaying party from the identity
provider and access is either provided or denied.
28. OAuth
• An open standard called OAuth provides a token service that
can be used to present validated access to resources.
• The use of OAuth tokens allows clients to present credentials
that contain no account information (userID or password) to a
cloud service.
• The token comes with a defined period after which it can no
longer be used.
29. Windows Azure Identity Standards
vThe Windows Azure Platform uses a claims-based identity based on
open authentication and access protocols.
vThese standards may be used without modification on a system that
is running in the cloud or on-premises.
Windows Azure security draws on the following three services:
• Active Directory Federation Services 2.0
It is a Security Token Service (STS) that allows users to authenticate
their access to applications both locally and in the cloud with a claims-
based identity.
• Windows Azure AppFabric Access Control Service
Claims-based identity system is built directly into the AppFabric Access
Control authentication and claims-based authorization access.
• Windows Identity Foundation (WIF)
SOAP service (WCF-SOAP) into a unified object model.
This allows WIF to have full access to the features of WS-Security and
to work with tokens in the SAML format.