The detergent war is a fierce competition among industry giants like Procter & Gamble, Unilever, Nirma and Henkel between the year 1960-2003.This battle extends from innovative formulations and packaging to marketing strategies, with a focus on sustainability. Brands use celebrity endorsements and social media to appeal to consumers. The emphasis on eco-friendly options reflects a growing environmental consciousness. Smart appliances and e-commerce play pivotal roles, with brands adopting subscription models. Ultimately, consumer preferences drive the detergent war, shaping the industry's future through innovation, sustainability, and effective marketing.
Despite the fierce competition, collaborations between detergent manufacturers and technology companies are reshaping the landscape. Smart appliances and connected devices are introduced to enhance the laundry experience, providing consumers with a glimpse into the future of home care.
As the detergent war intensifies, it's evident that innovation, sustainability, and effective marketing are the primary weapons. The consumer, empowered with information and choices, stands at the forefront, steering the direction of the war by rewarding brands that align with their values and preferences. In this dynamic industry, the detergent war is not just a battle for market share; it's a reflection of evolving consumer needs and a testament to the adaptability and resilience of household cleaning brands.
This document provides an overview of Pantene, a brand of hair care products owned by Procter & Gamble. It discusses Pantene's product introduction, marketing concept focusing on target markets and competitors, marketing mix involving product, price, place, and promotion strategies. It also includes a SWOT analysis and uses the BCG matrix to analyze Pantene's product portfolio. Marketing research processes and consumer behavior relevant to Pantene are summarized as well.
This document discusses product launches and consumer insights in India from 1957-1976. It provides context about the restricted economy during this period. It then describes the dominance of Sunlight soap in India through much of this period due to high brand loyalty and lack of alternatives, despite its outdated label. As new product forms like detergent powders emerged, Sunlight began losing market share. The document argues that products are relevant within a specific socio-economic context, and it is very challenging to prolong their life once that context changes radically.
1. Surf Excel is a leading detergent brand in India that was launched in 1959 and was the first brand to be advertised on television.
2. It introduced concepts like bucket washing and one-stop shops for laundry solutions.
3. Surf Excel faces competition from other major brands like Ariel, Tide, and Nirma but has maintained its leadership position through continuous innovation, effective marketing strategies, and expansion into rural markets.
The document discusses marketing strategies for Uttam Industries, a soap manufacturer. It analyzes the competitive soap industry and Uttam's target segment of urban/suburban upper-middle class. A SWOT analysis is presented along with segmentation based on demographics. A marketing mix strategy is proposed including production details, pricing around Rs. 30-37 to compete with major brands, and a communication plan using advertising, public relations, and digital marketing.
Colgate-Palmolive is a global consumer products company founded in 1806 and headquartered in New York City. It has a 51% market share in toothpaste in India. Over the years, Colgate adopted various marketing strategies in India such as mass marketing, product differentiation, niche marketing, targeting lower segments, and innovation. It also runs an oral health education program. Nirma is India's largest detergent brand with a 38% market share. It was launched in 1969 targeting lower income groups with the slogan "value for money." Over the years, Nirma strengthened its brand through memorable jingles and by repositioning itself in premium segments while also defending against competitors.
This document provides information on the detergent market in India and profiles of Surf Excel and Ariel detergents. The total detergent market size in India is Rs 8800 crores with a volume of 2.3 million tonnes and 98% market penetration. Surf Excel was introduced in 1959 and is one of the oldest detergents in India, known for its stain removal capabilities. Ariel was launched in 1991 as the first compact detergent and introduced stain-removing technologies. Both brands aim to increase market share through new variants, rural expansion, and strengthening brand awareness.
Nirma started as a small detergent manufacturing business in 1969 in India. Through a price-led strategy of selling detergent powder at Rs. 3/kg when competitors charged Rs. 13/kg, Nirma was able to gain a large market share, especially in rural areas. As Nirma grew, competitors like HLL launched new brands and promotional campaigns to counter Nirma. However, Nirma continued to succeed through low-cost production, product diversification, and expanding availability. By 1999, Nirma had over 35% market share in detergents and 20% in toilet soaps, becoming one of the largest detergent brands in the world.
This document provides an overview of Pantene, a brand of hair care products owned by Procter & Gamble. It discusses Pantene's product introduction, marketing concept focusing on target markets and competitors, marketing mix involving product, price, place, and promotion strategies. It also includes a SWOT analysis and uses the BCG matrix to analyze Pantene's product portfolio. Marketing research processes and consumer behavior relevant to Pantene are summarized as well.
This document discusses product launches and consumer insights in India from 1957-1976. It provides context about the restricted economy during this period. It then describes the dominance of Sunlight soap in India through much of this period due to high brand loyalty and lack of alternatives, despite its outdated label. As new product forms like detergent powders emerged, Sunlight began losing market share. The document argues that products are relevant within a specific socio-economic context, and it is very challenging to prolong their life once that context changes radically.
1. Surf Excel is a leading detergent brand in India that was launched in 1959 and was the first brand to be advertised on television.
2. It introduced concepts like bucket washing and one-stop shops for laundry solutions.
3. Surf Excel faces competition from other major brands like Ariel, Tide, and Nirma but has maintained its leadership position through continuous innovation, effective marketing strategies, and expansion into rural markets.
The document discusses marketing strategies for Uttam Industries, a soap manufacturer. It analyzes the competitive soap industry and Uttam's target segment of urban/suburban upper-middle class. A SWOT analysis is presented along with segmentation based on demographics. A marketing mix strategy is proposed including production details, pricing around Rs. 30-37 to compete with major brands, and a communication plan using advertising, public relations, and digital marketing.
Colgate-Palmolive is a global consumer products company founded in 1806 and headquartered in New York City. It has a 51% market share in toothpaste in India. Over the years, Colgate adopted various marketing strategies in India such as mass marketing, product differentiation, niche marketing, targeting lower segments, and innovation. It also runs an oral health education program. Nirma is India's largest detergent brand with a 38% market share. It was launched in 1969 targeting lower income groups with the slogan "value for money." Over the years, Nirma strengthened its brand through memorable jingles and by repositioning itself in premium segments while also defending against competitors.
This document provides information on the detergent market in India and profiles of Surf Excel and Ariel detergents. The total detergent market size in India is Rs 8800 crores with a volume of 2.3 million tonnes and 98% market penetration. Surf Excel was introduced in 1959 and is one of the oldest detergents in India, known for its stain removal capabilities. Ariel was launched in 1991 as the first compact detergent and introduced stain-removing technologies. Both brands aim to increase market share through new variants, rural expansion, and strengthening brand awareness.
Nirma started as a small detergent manufacturing business in 1969 in India. Through a price-led strategy of selling detergent powder at Rs. 3/kg when competitors charged Rs. 13/kg, Nirma was able to gain a large market share, especially in rural areas. As Nirma grew, competitors like HLL launched new brands and promotional campaigns to counter Nirma. However, Nirma continued to succeed through low-cost production, product diversification, and expanding availability. By 1999, Nirma had over 35% market share in detergents and 20% in toilet soaps, becoming one of the largest detergent brands in the world.
The document provides information about Unilever and its detergent brand Surf Excel. It discusses Unilever's mission and introduction in India. It then focuses on Surf Excel, describing its brand evaluation history, product range and pricing, demand and supply analysis, distribution strategy, SWOT analysis, and forecasting of demand. The market structure is described as an oligopoly dominated by a few major players like HUL, Nirma, P&G, and Henkel India.
The document provides information about the marketing mix of PVR, a leading multiplex cinema chain in India. It discusses PVR's products (state-of-the-art theaters), pricing strategy (price discrimination across segments), places (locations in malls and cities across India), and promotions (offers for credit card users). PVR has over 100 screens across India and provides a premium movie watching experience with comfortable seating and high quality audiovisual systems.
Marketing Management of P&G India by AKSHAY GAUTAMAkshay Gautam
I have made this ppt for my marketing management project. Do share it only for reference. Show some hard work and make one(better than this) on your own. Good Luck!!!
Hindustan Unilever Limited (HUL) is India's largest fast-moving consumer goods company. It has a strong brand portfolio and distribution networks across India. HUL faces competition from other companies in various product categories like soaps, hair care, oral care, and laundry care. However, through innovative strategies like brand extensions, line extensions, and targeting both urban and rural markets, HUL has maintained leadership positions in most categories.
Hindustan Unilever Limited (HUL) is India's largest fast-moving consumer goods company. It has a strong brand portfolio and distribution networks across India. HUL faces competition from other companies in its various product categories like soaps, hair care, oral care, and laundry care. However, through strategic initiatives like Project Shakti and investments in rural markets, HUL maintains market leadership in India.
This document discusses global marketing and Hindustan Unilever Limited's marketing strategies. It defines global marketing as conveying products worldwide to reach international markets. Factors driving global marketing include market needs, technology, costs and more. Global marketing requires knowledge of markets, products, and marketing processes. Hindustan Unilever is India's largest fast-moving consumer goods company with brands like Lux, Lifebuoy, and Dove soaps. It focuses on personal care and uses strategies like brand extensions and adaptations for its global marketing.
The document provides an overview of the detergent industry in India. It discusses that the total detergent market in India is Rs 6000 crore with detergent powder being Rs 3300 crore. It also discusses industry segmentation, major players like HUL, Nirma and their market shares. Popular brands in different price segments like Surf Excel, Ariel, Wheel, Nirma are also mentioned along with their marketing strategies.
A project on detergent & satisfaction survey of nirmaganeshtiwari
Nirma is a leading Indian detergent brand that was founded in 1969. It began as a small soap factory operated out of the founder's backyard but grew to become one of the largest detergent brands in the world, with a 35% market share in India. Nirma was able to gain popularity by undercutting competitors' prices and offering a high-quality product. It uses a large distribution network of over 2,000 distributors and 40 million retail outlets to ensure its products are widely available across India. Nirma's low-cost leadership strategy and focus on delivering value to customers has made it a hugely successful brand in rural and urban India.
This document provides an overview of key concepts related to product and marketing mix. It defines a product, discusses different levels and types of products. It also covers product mix, product life cycle, new product development process and challenges companies may face with new products. The marketing mix elements of product, price, place and promotion are discussed at a high-level. Examples of specific companies' product mixes are also provided.
This document discusses Surf Excel, a detergent brand owned by Unilever that has been in the Indian market since 1960. It provides details on Surf Excel's product history and innovations, including being the first detergent brand advertised on TV in India. Financial information is presented on Surf Excel's pricing and costs. The document analyzes the demand and supply factors for Surf Excel and the Indian detergent market. It describes the oligopolistic market structure and provides a break-even analysis for Surf Excel. In conclusion, recommendations are made around forecasting demand and achieving market leadership in the large Indian detergent market.
Nirma is an Indian conglomerate based in Ahmedabad that manufactures household and personal care products. It started as a small, one-man operation in 1969 and has since grown significantly. Nirma primarily targets lower-income, rural consumers in India with affordable products. It has over 15,000 employees and annual revenue over Rs. 3,550 crores. Nirma utilizes a large distribution network of over 2,000 distributors and 400,000 retailers to ensure wide availability across India. The company's marketing strategy has focused on quality products at low prices, along with impactful advertising campaigns featuring memorable jingles to promote brand awareness and appeal to target audiences.
The skin care industry in India is valued at $180 million and is growing rapidly due to increasing awareness and concerns about hygiene. Major players like Hindustan Unilever, CavinKare, Godrej Consumer Products, and Emami have a large share of the market. The industry is segmented into products like cleansers, sunscreens, and moisturizers. While still in a growth stage, the industry sees opportunities in India's rising incomes and untapped rural markets.
Procter & Gamble faced stagnating growth in major urban markets and looked to rural India for expansion. They overcame challenges in rural areas by understanding customer needs, launching affordable product sizes and prices, improving distribution networks, and creating demand through awareness campaigns. P&G slashed prices, introduced sachets of shampoo, and established stockists in small towns. They communicated product benefits to rural customers through the character SB to help penetrate the rural market and find continued growth.
The document provides an overview of the toothbrush industry and Colgate Plus toothbrush. It discusses the objective of analyzing consumer attitudes, the toothbrush market, and Colgate Plus' position. It then covers Colgate's company profile and strategy to focus on expanding market penetration. Segmentation of the toothbrush market is described based on price, benefits, and consumer characteristics. Colgate Plus is targeted at the upper middle class and positioned as a premium product through distinctive design, packaging, and branding as a higher quality option from Colgate.
This document provides an overview of Nirma Ltd., an Indian detergent and personal care products company. It discusses Nirma's founding, growth to become one of the largest detergent brands in the world, product portfolio, and marketing strategies focused on offering quality products at competitive prices to attract and retain customers. Key details include Nirma commanding a 35% share of the Indian detergent market, selling over 800,000 tons of products annually, and having a vision of consistently offering better quality and value to customers.
- Surf Excel is a detergent brand produced by Hindustan Unilever Limited (HUL) that has been present in India since 1959.
- It is one of the leading brands in the Indian laundry detergent market and was the first detergent brand to be advertised on television in India.
- Surf Excel competes in an oligopolistic market structure against other major detergent brands like Tide, Ariel, Nirma and Rin. It positions itself as a brand that can remove all types of stains without fading colors.
The document provides a sample competitor analysis report format and compares three detergent brands - RIN (HUL), TIDE (P&G), and GHARI (RSPL). It analyzes each brand's product quality, value chain, target segment, distribution network, promotion strategies, advertising approaches, and pricing. RIN was India's top detergent bar for 20 years known for its whitening power. TIDE uses a multi-channel distribution network and promotions through TV, print, and digital media. GHARI targets rural customers with a low-cost strategy, emphasizing trial through exhibitions and hoardings with a 30 crore annual marketing budget.
Hindustan Unilever (HUL) and ITC Ltd are two major players in India's FMCG sector. While HUL is a pure-play FMCG company with a wide portfolio of household and personal care brands, ITC has a larger reliance on its tobacco business. However, ITC is diversifying into non-tobacco FMCG segments like food and personal care. Both companies follow different strategies - HUL focuses on overall low costs and quality, while ITC leverages its large distribution network and rural procurement model. Their future growth will depend on new product launches and investments in brand building.
The document discusses Hindustan Lever Limited's (HLL) detergent brand Surf Excel. It provides a summary of a market research project conducted on Surf Excel in Orissa, India. The summary includes the objectives of studying Surf Excel's business, marketing practices, competitors and customers in Orissa. Key findings were that Surf Excel has high brand recall and a 66% market share in Orissa. Television was the most used information source but ad recall was low. Over 50% of customers preferred larger pack sizes than 200g. In conclusion, Surf Excel was found to have excellent customer reviews for its cleansing ability and availability.
The document provides information about Unilever and its detergent brand Surf Excel. It discusses Unilever's mission and introduction in India. It then focuses on Surf Excel, describing its brand evaluation history, product range and pricing, demand and supply analysis, distribution strategy, SWOT analysis, and forecasting of demand. The market structure is described as an oligopoly dominated by a few major players like HUL, Nirma, P&G, and Henkel India.
The document provides information about the marketing mix of PVR, a leading multiplex cinema chain in India. It discusses PVR's products (state-of-the-art theaters), pricing strategy (price discrimination across segments), places (locations in malls and cities across India), and promotions (offers for credit card users). PVR has over 100 screens across India and provides a premium movie watching experience with comfortable seating and high quality audiovisual systems.
Marketing Management of P&G India by AKSHAY GAUTAMAkshay Gautam
I have made this ppt for my marketing management project. Do share it only for reference. Show some hard work and make one(better than this) on your own. Good Luck!!!
Hindustan Unilever Limited (HUL) is India's largest fast-moving consumer goods company. It has a strong brand portfolio and distribution networks across India. HUL faces competition from other companies in various product categories like soaps, hair care, oral care, and laundry care. However, through innovative strategies like brand extensions, line extensions, and targeting both urban and rural markets, HUL has maintained leadership positions in most categories.
Hindustan Unilever Limited (HUL) is India's largest fast-moving consumer goods company. It has a strong brand portfolio and distribution networks across India. HUL faces competition from other companies in its various product categories like soaps, hair care, oral care, and laundry care. However, through strategic initiatives like Project Shakti and investments in rural markets, HUL maintains market leadership in India.
This document discusses global marketing and Hindustan Unilever Limited's marketing strategies. It defines global marketing as conveying products worldwide to reach international markets. Factors driving global marketing include market needs, technology, costs and more. Global marketing requires knowledge of markets, products, and marketing processes. Hindustan Unilever is India's largest fast-moving consumer goods company with brands like Lux, Lifebuoy, and Dove soaps. It focuses on personal care and uses strategies like brand extensions and adaptations for its global marketing.
The document provides an overview of the detergent industry in India. It discusses that the total detergent market in India is Rs 6000 crore with detergent powder being Rs 3300 crore. It also discusses industry segmentation, major players like HUL, Nirma and their market shares. Popular brands in different price segments like Surf Excel, Ariel, Wheel, Nirma are also mentioned along with their marketing strategies.
A project on detergent & satisfaction survey of nirmaganeshtiwari
Nirma is a leading Indian detergent brand that was founded in 1969. It began as a small soap factory operated out of the founder's backyard but grew to become one of the largest detergent brands in the world, with a 35% market share in India. Nirma was able to gain popularity by undercutting competitors' prices and offering a high-quality product. It uses a large distribution network of over 2,000 distributors and 40 million retail outlets to ensure its products are widely available across India. Nirma's low-cost leadership strategy and focus on delivering value to customers has made it a hugely successful brand in rural and urban India.
This document provides an overview of key concepts related to product and marketing mix. It defines a product, discusses different levels and types of products. It also covers product mix, product life cycle, new product development process and challenges companies may face with new products. The marketing mix elements of product, price, place and promotion are discussed at a high-level. Examples of specific companies' product mixes are also provided.
This document discusses Surf Excel, a detergent brand owned by Unilever that has been in the Indian market since 1960. It provides details on Surf Excel's product history and innovations, including being the first detergent brand advertised on TV in India. Financial information is presented on Surf Excel's pricing and costs. The document analyzes the demand and supply factors for Surf Excel and the Indian detergent market. It describes the oligopolistic market structure and provides a break-even analysis for Surf Excel. In conclusion, recommendations are made around forecasting demand and achieving market leadership in the large Indian detergent market.
Nirma is an Indian conglomerate based in Ahmedabad that manufactures household and personal care products. It started as a small, one-man operation in 1969 and has since grown significantly. Nirma primarily targets lower-income, rural consumers in India with affordable products. It has over 15,000 employees and annual revenue over Rs. 3,550 crores. Nirma utilizes a large distribution network of over 2,000 distributors and 400,000 retailers to ensure wide availability across India. The company's marketing strategy has focused on quality products at low prices, along with impactful advertising campaigns featuring memorable jingles to promote brand awareness and appeal to target audiences.
The skin care industry in India is valued at $180 million and is growing rapidly due to increasing awareness and concerns about hygiene. Major players like Hindustan Unilever, CavinKare, Godrej Consumer Products, and Emami have a large share of the market. The industry is segmented into products like cleansers, sunscreens, and moisturizers. While still in a growth stage, the industry sees opportunities in India's rising incomes and untapped rural markets.
Procter & Gamble faced stagnating growth in major urban markets and looked to rural India for expansion. They overcame challenges in rural areas by understanding customer needs, launching affordable product sizes and prices, improving distribution networks, and creating demand through awareness campaigns. P&G slashed prices, introduced sachets of shampoo, and established stockists in small towns. They communicated product benefits to rural customers through the character SB to help penetrate the rural market and find continued growth.
The document provides an overview of the toothbrush industry and Colgate Plus toothbrush. It discusses the objective of analyzing consumer attitudes, the toothbrush market, and Colgate Plus' position. It then covers Colgate's company profile and strategy to focus on expanding market penetration. Segmentation of the toothbrush market is described based on price, benefits, and consumer characteristics. Colgate Plus is targeted at the upper middle class and positioned as a premium product through distinctive design, packaging, and branding as a higher quality option from Colgate.
This document provides an overview of Nirma Ltd., an Indian detergent and personal care products company. It discusses Nirma's founding, growth to become one of the largest detergent brands in the world, product portfolio, and marketing strategies focused on offering quality products at competitive prices to attract and retain customers. Key details include Nirma commanding a 35% share of the Indian detergent market, selling over 800,000 tons of products annually, and having a vision of consistently offering better quality and value to customers.
- Surf Excel is a detergent brand produced by Hindustan Unilever Limited (HUL) that has been present in India since 1959.
- It is one of the leading brands in the Indian laundry detergent market and was the first detergent brand to be advertised on television in India.
- Surf Excel competes in an oligopolistic market structure against other major detergent brands like Tide, Ariel, Nirma and Rin. It positions itself as a brand that can remove all types of stains without fading colors.
The document provides a sample competitor analysis report format and compares three detergent brands - RIN (HUL), TIDE (P&G), and GHARI (RSPL). It analyzes each brand's product quality, value chain, target segment, distribution network, promotion strategies, advertising approaches, and pricing. RIN was India's top detergent bar for 20 years known for its whitening power. TIDE uses a multi-channel distribution network and promotions through TV, print, and digital media. GHARI targets rural customers with a low-cost strategy, emphasizing trial through exhibitions and hoardings with a 30 crore annual marketing budget.
Hindustan Unilever (HUL) and ITC Ltd are two major players in India's FMCG sector. While HUL is a pure-play FMCG company with a wide portfolio of household and personal care brands, ITC has a larger reliance on its tobacco business. However, ITC is diversifying into non-tobacco FMCG segments like food and personal care. Both companies follow different strategies - HUL focuses on overall low costs and quality, while ITC leverages its large distribution network and rural procurement model. Their future growth will depend on new product launches and investments in brand building.
The document discusses Hindustan Lever Limited's (HLL) detergent brand Surf Excel. It provides a summary of a market research project conducted on Surf Excel in Orissa, India. The summary includes the objectives of studying Surf Excel's business, marketing practices, competitors and customers in Orissa. Key findings were that Surf Excel has high brand recall and a 66% market share in Orissa. Television was the most used information source but ad recall was low. Over 50% of customers preferred larger pack sizes than 200g. In conclusion, Surf Excel was found to have excellent customer reviews for its cleansing ability and availability.
THE SACRIFICE HOW PRO-PALESTINE PROTESTS STUDENTS ARE SACRIFICING TO CHANGE T...indexPub
The recent surge in pro-Palestine student activism has prompted significant responses from universities, ranging from negotiations and divestment commitments to increased transparency about investments in companies supporting the war on Gaza. This activism has led to the cessation of student encampments but also highlighted the substantial sacrifices made by students, including academic disruptions and personal risks. The primary drivers of these protests are poor university administration, lack of transparency, and inadequate communication between officials and students. This study examines the profound emotional, psychological, and professional impacts on students engaged in pro-Palestine protests, focusing on Generation Z's (Gen-Z) activism dynamics. This paper explores the significant sacrifices made by these students and even the professors supporting the pro-Palestine movement, with a focus on recent global movements. Through an in-depth analysis of printed and electronic media, the study examines the impacts of these sacrifices on the academic and personal lives of those involved. The paper highlights examples from various universities, demonstrating student activism's long-term and short-term effects, including disciplinary actions, social backlash, and career implications. The researchers also explore the broader implications of student sacrifices. The findings reveal that these sacrifices are driven by a profound commitment to justice and human rights, and are influenced by the increasing availability of information, peer interactions, and personal convictions. The study also discusses the broader implications of this activism, comparing it to historical precedents and assessing its potential to influence policy and public opinion. The emotional and psychological toll on student activists is significant, but their sense of purpose and community support mitigates some of these challenges. However, the researchers call for acknowledging the broader Impact of these sacrifices on the future global movement of FreePalestine.
This presentation was provided by Rebecca Benner, Ph.D., of the American Society of Anesthesiologists, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
How Barcodes Can Be Leveraged Within Odoo 17Celine George
In this presentation, we will explore how barcodes can be leveraged within Odoo 17 to streamline our manufacturing processes. We will cover the configuration steps, how to utilize barcodes in different manufacturing scenarios, and the overall benefits of implementing this technology.
Andreas Schleicher presents PISA 2022 Volume III - Creative Thinking - 18 Jun...EduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher, Director of Education and Skills at the OECD presents at the launch of PISA 2022 Volume III - Creative Minds, Creative Schools on 18 June 2024.
A Visual Guide to 1 Samuel | A Tale of Two HeartsSteve Thomason
These slides walk through the story of 1 Samuel. Samuel is the last judge of Israel. The people reject God and want a king. Saul is anointed as the first king, but he is not a good king. David, the shepherd boy is anointed and Saul is envious of him. David shows honor while Saul continues to self destruct.
This presentation was provided by Racquel Jemison, Ph.D., Christina MacLaughlin, Ph.D., and Paulomi Majumder. Ph.D., all of the American Chemical Society, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
1. WARS IN INDIA
DETERGENT
GUIDED BY-
SILIKA MA’AM
PREPARED BY-
LIPSITA PANDA
RAJESWARI BARIK
S DEEPTI
R.DINESH RAO
DETERGENT
DETERGENT
2. DETERGENT
Detergent refers to a substance or mixture of
substances that is used to clean, remove dirt, stains,
or grease from various surfaces. It is commonly used
in household cleaning, laundry, and dishwashing.
INTRODUCTION
PLAYERS IN INDIA (FOR THE YEAR 1930-2004)
The Indian Fabric Wash products Market of Around 23
Lakh Tonne, out of Which 7 Lakh Tonne is Comprising
of Laundry Soap and Bars and rest other by Synthetic
Detergents.
MAJOR PLAYERS- HLL,NIRMA,P&G AND HENKEL
3. Company Origin on the year 1855.
Enter India Market in the year 1888.
Key Products -Surf Excel, Rin, Wheel
Smaller Products- Rin Shakti, Rin
Supreme
MARKET PLAYERS
1.HINDUSTAN UNILEVER
4. MARKET PLAYERS
2.P&G (PROCTER & GAMBLE)
Company Origin went back to year 1837
in USA.
Enter India Market in the year 1985.
Key Products - Ariel,Tide
7. HUL initiated “Project STING” (Strategy To Inhibit Nirma
Growth ) to check the growth of Nirma and regain its its
market leadership.
HLL revamped it’s advertisement by creating a character
called ‘Lalitaji’ for the commercial showed which highlight
a sentence “Sasti cheez or Ach chi Cheez me farak hota
hai” and the punch line “surf ki kharidari mein hi
samajhdari hai” become famous .It was done to conter
Nirma.
MARKETING STRATEGY
1.HINDUSTAN UNILEVER
8. It launched a white detergent Powder called “Sunlight” to capture
the southern and eastern markets where Nirma was not very strong.
HLL had developed a Non-Soap Detergent (NSD) which was named
as Wheel which was marketed as “Extra power ,extra Lather and is
safe on hands and clothes” as the biggest drawback of Nirma was
fabric damage and cause of blister in skin by the product for a long
period.
Selecting best location in the north side for low Cost Operation to
get greater flexibility to start units faster.
MARKETING STRATEGY
9. In the 1970's the company created a jingle ad with Tag
name “Nirma washes Clothes as white as Milk” on
television to expand rapidly.
It used No Whiteness Agent and reduced it Active
detergent level Half compare to HUL’s Surf which was
actually harsh on skin.
In lunched a new detergent bar in 1986 and a strategy
by offering one Nirma Bar with every 2 packs of Nirma
washing Powder
MARKETING STRATEGY
2.NIRMA
10. It used the Enzyme-Based technology with it’s Airel Powder
and invested Heavily on Advertisement to prove that Ariel
could last for a month as compared to any other brand.
To tackle the HUL Market which had a share of 80% with it’s
five brand, it positioned it’s new Ariel Power compact Power
which can clean strain without brush and bar.
It Launched “Project Spearhead” to idetify it’s Potential
customers.It helped them to concertrating only on those
cities or towns.
MARKETING STRATEGY
3.P&G (PROCTER & GAMBLE
11. After making customer believed in their Superior
Quality of Ariel and Tide the company found that the
price remains a deterrent for which they cut the price to
make it more affordable.
MARKETING STRATEGY
12. Henko had Promoted it’s product through the Promotion
“Ultimate Cleanliness inside and out”, with model and actor
Aman Verma as Brand Ambassador. They were providing Gifts
to those who used Henkel products.
It had figured out that consumers believed in people with
authority and Experience (i.e Scientists,Doctors etc).So in the
new TV Commercial they used a Scientist as the main
Protogonist.
MARKETING STRATEGY
4.HENKEL SPIC
13. Detergent Brands Price for 500 Gram Price for 1kg Pack
HUL
Wheel Active Rs 13 Rs 26
Rin Shakti Rs 20 Rs 42
Surf Excel Blue Rs 38 Rs 60
Rin Supreme Rs 40 -
Surf Excel Rs 50 Rs 99
COMPARISION OF
PRICING STRATEGY
16. HUL NIRMA P&G HENKEL SPIC
OTHERS
HUL
38%
NIRMA
31%
OTHERS
14%
P&G
10%
HENKEL SPIC
7%
MARKET SHARES
1. HUL (HINDUSTAN UNILEVER)
2. NIRMA
3. P&G (PROCTER & GAMBLE
4. HENKEL SPIC
OTHERS
5.
FOR THE YEAR 2003
17. CONCLUSION
The detergent wars in India between 1960 to 2003, involving HUL, P&G, Nirma and Henkel, were
marked by intense competition and dynamic market shifts. Hindustan Unilever Limited (HUL) and
Procter & Gamble (P&G) engaged in fierce battles for market share, driving innovations in formulations
and aggressive marketing strategies. Nirma's economical offerings maintained a strong position,
challenging established brands. Henkel, while facing challenges, contributed to the competitive
landscape. This period witnessed continuous product advancements, strategic pricing, and extensive
advertising campaigns as these companies vied for consumer loyalty. The detergent wars of this era
shaped the industry, fostering innovation and ensuring a diverse range of choices for Indian
consumers.
However HUL had an Advantage in this war due to the following points-
Adaptability: The ability to adapt to changing market conditions and consumer preferences is vital in
the FMCG sector.
Logistics and Transportation: Efficient logistics and transportation systems would have been in place
to ensure timely delivery of products to distribution points.
Technology Integration: Adoption of technology for supply chain management, such as inventory
tracking systems and demand forecasting tools, would have enhanced overall efficiency and
responsiveness to market demands.
18. AVAILABLE STRATEGY IN
THE YEAR 2024
MARKETING STRATERIES
DURING THE YEAR (1960-2004)
OUR’S VIEW POINT
Mass Marketing: Heavy reliance on mass media
like television and print for advertising to reach a
broad audience.
Brand Differentiation: Companies focused on
unique product features, scents, and branding to
stand out in a competitive market.
Product Innovation: Introduction of new
formulations and features, often promoted
through traditional advertising.
Brand Loyalty: Building and maintaining
customer loyalty through consistent quality and
long-term brand recognition
Digital Marketing: Extensive use of online
platforms, social media, and influencers for
targeted and personalized marketing.
E-commerce Dominance: Increased emphasis on
online sales and direct-to-consumer models,
leveraging the convenience of digital platforms.
Data-Driven Decisions: Advanced analytics and
consumer data utilization for precise marketing,
product development, and demand forecasting.
Globalization: Expansion into international
markets and increased competition from global
brands, facilitated by improved logistics and
market accessibility.
19. MARKETING STRATERY FOR
DOMESTIC COMPANIES
OUR’S VIEW POINT
MARKETING STRATERY FOR
FOREIGN COMPANIES
Market Analysis: Conduct a detailed analysis of the local market to
identify demand, competition, and potential customer segments.
Understand market trends, consumer preferences, and any regulatory
requirements specific to your industry.
Legal and Regulatory Compliance: Ensure compliance with local laws
and regulations governing business operations. Obtain the necessary
licenses and permits required for your industry and business activities.
Financial Planning and Funding: Develop a robust financial plan that
includes startup costs, operational expenses, and revenue projections.
Explore financing options, such as bank loans or investment from
stakeholders, to fund your business.
Local Networking and Partnerships: Build a strong network within your
home country by connecting with industry associations, chambers of
commerce, and local businesses.
Explore potential partnerships with suppliers, distributors, and other
relevant stakeholders to strengthen your business ecosystem.
In-Depth Market Research: Conduct extensive market research in
the target country to understand consumer behavior, market trends,
and competition. Analyze the cultural, economic, and political
factors that may impact your business in the new market.
Legal and Regulatory Compliance Abroad: Familiarize the foreign
country's legal and regulatory landscape. Seek legal counsel to
ensure compliance with local laws, including business registration,
taxation, and employment regulations.
Adaptation to Local Culture: Tailor the products or services to align
with the cultural preferences and needs of the target market.
Develop marketing and communication strategies that resonate with
the local audience.
Risk Mitigation and Contingency Planning: Identify and assess
potential risks associated with operating in a foreign market,
including political, economic, and currency risks.