EnergyConservation ppt full 14.12.2022_2.pptMARGOMSEC
This document discusses different types of energy sources and the importance of energy conservation. It outlines renewable energy sources like solar, wind, hydro, and geothermal. Non-renewable sources are fossil fuels that will be depleted. The document emphasizes that energy use is increasing while fuel sources are limited, so conservation is needed. Specific conservation tips are provided for home and school settings, like switching off lights and electronics when not in use. India has enacted laws promoting conservation and efficient appliances.
The document discusses various topics related to energy conservation. It describes different types of energy sources including renewable sources like solar, wind, geothermal, and hydro energy as well as non-renewable sources like fossil fuels. It emphasizes the need for energy conservation given limited fossil fuel reserves and increasing energy demand. Specific recommendations are provided about conserving energy at home, in offices, and in schools through actions like switching off lights and electronics when not in use.
Types of energy can be divided into renewable and non-renewable categories. Renewable energy sources like solar, wind, geothermal, and hydro can be continuously generated without depleting the source. Non-renewable sources like fossil fuels are limited and will eventually be exhausted. It is important to conserve energy given the limited fossil fuel reserves and increasing global energy demand. Individual actions like using energy efficient appliances and switching off lights when not in use can collectively help reduce consumption and make fuels last longer.
There are two main categories of energy: renewable and non-renewable. Renewable energy sources like solar, wind, and hydro can be continuously generated without depletion, while non-renewable sources like fossil fuels are finite. It is important to conserve energy because demand is increasing while fuel sources are limited and will eventually be depleted. Small actions like switching off lights when not in use, using public transport, and purchasing energy efficient appliances can help reduce energy consumption and prolong our remaining fuel reserves.
The document discusses energy conservation and different types of energy. It notes that energy can be converted from one form to another but cannot be created or destroyed. Renewable energies like solar and wind can be generated continuously while non-renewable energies from fossil fuels are limited. Conserving energy is important because demand is increasing and fossil fuel reserves will eventually be depleted. The Bureau of Energy Efficiency promotes conservation through standards, ratings, and educational programs. Individual actions like using efficient appliances and switching off lights can help conserve energy.
This document discusses different types of energy sources. It explains that energy can be broadly divided into renewable and non-renewable categories. Renewable energy sources like solar, wind, hydro and biomass are discussed in detail along with their advantages and disadvantages. The document also covers energy conservation and the importance of conserving limited energy resources. It provides examples of efforts made by the Indian government to promote more efficient energy use.
The document discusses different types of energy sources, including renewable and non-renewable sources. It provides examples of non-renewable sources like fossil fuels and discusses renewable sources such as solar, wind, hydro, geothermal, biomass and tidal energy. The document emphasizes the importance of conserving energy given that non-renewable fuel sources are limited and calls on individuals, especially children, to do their part to reduce energy consumption both at home and at school.
The document provides tips for saving energy in order to conserve non-renewable resources and reduce costs. It suggests changing daily habits like turning off unused lights and appliances, adjusting the thermostat, using fans instead of AC, and line-drying clothes. Replacing incandescent bulbs and old appliances with more efficient models is recommended. Sealing air leaks, adding insulation, and planting trees can make homes more energy efficient. Installing renewable energy sources like solar panels or a wind turbine can generate power and significantly reduce bills. An integrated approach applying multiple strategies is needed to maximize energy savings.
EnergyConservation ppt full 14.12.2022_2.pptMARGOMSEC
This document discusses different types of energy sources and the importance of energy conservation. It outlines renewable energy sources like solar, wind, hydro, and geothermal. Non-renewable sources are fossil fuels that will be depleted. The document emphasizes that energy use is increasing while fuel sources are limited, so conservation is needed. Specific conservation tips are provided for home and school settings, like switching off lights and electronics when not in use. India has enacted laws promoting conservation and efficient appliances.
The document discusses various topics related to energy conservation. It describes different types of energy sources including renewable sources like solar, wind, geothermal, and hydro energy as well as non-renewable sources like fossil fuels. It emphasizes the need for energy conservation given limited fossil fuel reserves and increasing energy demand. Specific recommendations are provided about conserving energy at home, in offices, and in schools through actions like switching off lights and electronics when not in use.
Types of energy can be divided into renewable and non-renewable categories. Renewable energy sources like solar, wind, geothermal, and hydro can be continuously generated without depleting the source. Non-renewable sources like fossil fuels are limited and will eventually be exhausted. It is important to conserve energy given the limited fossil fuel reserves and increasing global energy demand. Individual actions like using energy efficient appliances and switching off lights when not in use can collectively help reduce consumption and make fuels last longer.
There are two main categories of energy: renewable and non-renewable. Renewable energy sources like solar, wind, and hydro can be continuously generated without depletion, while non-renewable sources like fossil fuels are finite. It is important to conserve energy because demand is increasing while fuel sources are limited and will eventually be depleted. Small actions like switching off lights when not in use, using public transport, and purchasing energy efficient appliances can help reduce energy consumption and prolong our remaining fuel reserves.
The document discusses energy conservation and different types of energy. It notes that energy can be converted from one form to another but cannot be created or destroyed. Renewable energies like solar and wind can be generated continuously while non-renewable energies from fossil fuels are limited. Conserving energy is important because demand is increasing and fossil fuel reserves will eventually be depleted. The Bureau of Energy Efficiency promotes conservation through standards, ratings, and educational programs. Individual actions like using efficient appliances and switching off lights can help conserve energy.
This document discusses different types of energy sources. It explains that energy can be broadly divided into renewable and non-renewable categories. Renewable energy sources like solar, wind, hydro and biomass are discussed in detail along with their advantages and disadvantages. The document also covers energy conservation and the importance of conserving limited energy resources. It provides examples of efforts made by the Indian government to promote more efficient energy use.
The document discusses different types of energy sources, including renewable and non-renewable sources. It provides examples of non-renewable sources like fossil fuels and discusses renewable sources such as solar, wind, hydro, geothermal, biomass and tidal energy. The document emphasizes the importance of conserving energy given that non-renewable fuel sources are limited and calls on individuals, especially children, to do their part to reduce energy consumption both at home and at school.
The document provides tips for saving energy in order to conserve non-renewable resources and reduce costs. It suggests changing daily habits like turning off unused lights and appliances, adjusting the thermostat, using fans instead of AC, and line-drying clothes. Replacing incandescent bulbs and old appliances with more efficient models is recommended. Sealing air leaks, adding insulation, and planting trees can make homes more energy efficient. Installing renewable energy sources like solar panels or a wind turbine can generate power and significantly reduce bills. An integrated approach applying multiple strategies is needed to maximize energy savings.
Saving energy is important to preserve non-renewable resources and the environment. There are many small changes people can make in their daily lives to reduce energy consumption, such as using public transportation, walking or cycling instead of driving, lowering home temperatures, turning off unused lights and appliances, and replacing incandescent bulbs with more efficient options. Making these small behavior changes and adopting more efficient technologies and home improvements can significantly reduce individual energy usage and costs while benefiting the environment.
This document discusses various types of energy sources and the importance of energy conservation. It begins by explaining that energy can be converted from one form to another but cannot be created or destroyed. It then describes different renewable energy sources like solar, wind, hydro, and biomass. It also discusses non-renewable sources like coal and uranium. The document emphasizes the need for energy conservation given limited resources and increasing demand. It provides examples of conservation efforts in India like energy audits and appliance ratings. Overall, the document promotes reducing consumption and recycling to conserve energy.
We put a few tips to help conserve , save
10 Tips to save Energy and MOney.
Simple acts in everyday life
Simple and efficient ways to save both money and energy.
Energy conservation is important due to the gap between energy demand and supply. Following simple practices can help conserve electricity, LPG, water, and fuel. For electricity, use efficient appliances and lighting, and switch off devices when not in use. For LPG, check for leaks and use efficient cooking practices. Conserve water by reducing non-essential uses. Drive efficiently and maintain vehicles well to reduce fuel consumption. Small efforts by all can help address energy shortage issues.
Energy is important as it improves quality of life and supports economic growth, but the world's increasing energy consumption is depleting natural resources and could exhaust coal and oil if usage continues at the current rate. The document provides simple ways to conserve energy at home and in cars, such as using efficient light bulbs, switching off unused appliances, keeping tires inflated, driving slowly, and minimizing air conditioning usage. It also discusses converting solar, hydro, and wind energy into electrical power through the use of solar panels, dams, and windmills.
This document discusses energy conservation. It defines energy as the ability to do work and identifies renewable energy sources like solar and wind and non-renewable sources like fossil fuels. It explains that we need to conserve energy because resources are limited and demands are increasing. Some ways to conserve include recycling, turning off unused devices, and replacing old light bulbs. Specific tips provided include not leaving lights on unnecessarily and analyzing appliance energy efficiency. Energy conservation helps save money and reduce pollution. India relies heavily on fossil fuel imports for its energy needs and conservation can help address this.
This document discusses renewable and non-renewable energy sources. It defines renewable energy as sources that can be continuously generated like solar, wind, and hydroelectric power. Non-renewable sources like fossil fuels are finite. The document encourages conserving energy to avoid exhausting non-renewable resources and reduce pollution. Some conservation tips include using efficient appliances and lightbulbs, recycling, and turning off devices when not in use. Renewable sources like solar, wind, hydro, and geothermal are important to use because they provide clean, sustainable energy and help the environment and economy.
Energy efficiency refers to reducing the amount of energy required to provide products and services. For example, insulating a home allows it to use less energy for heating and cooling while maintaining a comfortable temperature. Using fluorescent or LED bulbs instead of incandescent bulbs reduces the energy needed for the same level of illumination. Modern appliances like refrigerators and washing machines also use significantly less energy than older models. Individual actions such as switching off unused lights and appliances, closing doors and windows while using AC, and choosing more efficient products can all help conserve electricity.
The document discusses various sources of energy used in daily life and for electricity generation. It provides examples of energy required for common daily activities like brushing teeth, bathing, and cooking. Both renewable and non-renewable sources are explained, along with their usage in India. Students are divided into groups and assigned tasks to submit reports and working models on different renewable energy sources like solar, wind, and hydro power relevant to the state of Gujarat. The document emphasizes the importance of adopting the 3R approach (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) to conserve the planet.
This document discusses energy conservation. It defines energy as the ability to do work and explains that there are two main types: renewable and non-renewable. Renewable energy sources like solar and wind can be generated continuously while non-renewable sources like fossil fuels are limited. It encourages conserving energy to save money, reduce pollution, and avoid exhausting limited resources. Suggested conservation methods include recycling, using efficient appliances and lightbulbs, and turning off lights and devices when not in use. India relies heavily on fossil fuel imports and conservation can help reduce this dependency and hindered electricity growth.
This document discusses different sources of energy, including renewable and non-renewable sources. It provides examples of each energy source and notes their advantages and disadvantages. Renewable sources include solar, wind, hydroelectric, geothermal, and biomass energy. Non-renewable sources consist of fossil fuels like coal, oil, and natural gas as well as nuclear energy from uranium. The document emphasizes the importance of conserving energy and provides tips for doing so, such as using more efficient appliances and reducing consumption.
This presentation discusses energy conservation. It defines energy as the ability to do work and outlines different types of energy sources, distinguishing between renewable sources like solar and wind, and non-renewable fossil fuels. The presentation urges conservation efforts, noting that demands are increasing while resources are limited. It suggests individual actions like using efficient light bulbs and unplugging unused devices to save energy and money. India relies heavily on fossil fuel imports, so increased conservation could help address future energy demands and reliance on foreign sources.
The document describes various sustainable features and initiatives at multiple schools. It discusses solar panels, insulation improvements, wind turbines, and other renewable energy sources that have reduced schools' carbon emissions and energy costs. Various recycling, transportation, insulation, and other programs aim to make the schools more environmentally friendly.
The document provides information on energy conservation and different types of energy. It discusses that energy can be converted from one form to another but cannot be created or destroyed. Renewable energy sources like solar, wind and hydro are responsible for a small percentage of carbon dioxide emissions while non-renewable sources like coal are the main cause of global warming. The document also highlights the importance of conserving energy to reduce dependence on imports and make efficient use of limited resources. Various strategies for conserving energy in lighting, air conditioners, motors and through renewable options are presented.
This document discusses energy conservation and provides tips for saving energy. It begins by defining energy as the ability to do work, and notes that energy lights cities, powers vehicles and more. It then explains that energy resources are limited on Earth and demands are increasing, so conservation is important. Some ways to conserve mentioned include recycling, turning off unused devices, and replacing old light bulbs with energy efficient ones. Specific energy saving tips are provided for both home and public settings. The document emphasizes that conservation will help save money and reduce pollution by saving energy. It provides an example showing potential annual savings from replacing a light bulb. Overall, the document promotes energy conservation through various everyday practices.
This document discusses energy conservation and provides tips for saving energy. It begins by defining energy as the ability to do work, and notes that energy lights cities, powers vehicles and more. It then explains that we need to conserve energy because resources are limited and demands are increasing. Some ways to conserve mentioned include recycling, turning off unused devices, and replacing old light bulbs with energy efficient ones. Specific energy saving tips are provided for both home and public settings. The document emphasizes that conserving energy will save money and resources while reducing pollution. It provides an example of annual savings from replacing a light bulb. Overall, the document promotes energy conservation through various everyday practices.
This document summarizes different sources of energy, including renewable and non-renewable sources. It discusses key renewable sources like solar, wind, hydro, and biomass energy. It also outlines major non-renewable sources such as petroleum, coal, and uranium. The document emphasizes that renewable sources are more sustainable since they can be replenished, while non-renewable sources contribute significantly more to carbon emissions and global warming. It stresses the importance of conserving energy and switching to renewable alternatives whenever possible.
Energy Conservation Basics for childrenJK Paper Ltd.
Energy is the ability to do work and it can be converted from one form to another but not created or destroyed. It powers our cities, vehicles, homes and more. There are renewable and non-renewable sources of energy. We need to conserve energy because resources are limited and demands are increasing while burning fossil fuels harms the environment and causes global warming. Some ways to conserve include switching off lights and fans when not in use, not opening the fridge frequently, using LED lights, buying energy efficient appliances, recycling, and choosing products with higher star ratings. Renewable energy sources like solar and hydro are better for the environment.
The document discusses different sources of energy, dividing them into renewable and non-renewable categories. Renewable sources include solar, wind, hydro, geothermal, and biomass energy. These sources can be continuously generated without depleting the source. Non-renewable sources like coal, oil, and uranium are limited and cannot be replenished once depleted. The document emphasizes the importance of conserving energy given the rising demand and limited fossil fuel reserves, and outlines individual and governmental efforts that can be taken to promote more sustainable energy use.
Saving energy is important to preserve non-renewable resources and the environment. There are many small changes people can make in their daily lives to reduce energy consumption, such as using public transportation, walking or cycling instead of driving, lowering home temperatures, turning off unused lights and appliances, and replacing incandescent bulbs with more efficient options. Making these small behavior changes and adopting more efficient technologies and home improvements can significantly reduce individual energy usage and costs while benefiting the environment.
This document discusses various types of energy sources and the importance of energy conservation. It begins by explaining that energy can be converted from one form to another but cannot be created or destroyed. It then describes different renewable energy sources like solar, wind, hydro, and biomass. It also discusses non-renewable sources like coal and uranium. The document emphasizes the need for energy conservation given limited resources and increasing demand. It provides examples of conservation efforts in India like energy audits and appliance ratings. Overall, the document promotes reducing consumption and recycling to conserve energy.
We put a few tips to help conserve , save
10 Tips to save Energy and MOney.
Simple acts in everyday life
Simple and efficient ways to save both money and energy.
Energy conservation is important due to the gap between energy demand and supply. Following simple practices can help conserve electricity, LPG, water, and fuel. For electricity, use efficient appliances and lighting, and switch off devices when not in use. For LPG, check for leaks and use efficient cooking practices. Conserve water by reducing non-essential uses. Drive efficiently and maintain vehicles well to reduce fuel consumption. Small efforts by all can help address energy shortage issues.
Energy is important as it improves quality of life and supports economic growth, but the world's increasing energy consumption is depleting natural resources and could exhaust coal and oil if usage continues at the current rate. The document provides simple ways to conserve energy at home and in cars, such as using efficient light bulbs, switching off unused appliances, keeping tires inflated, driving slowly, and minimizing air conditioning usage. It also discusses converting solar, hydro, and wind energy into electrical power through the use of solar panels, dams, and windmills.
This document discusses energy conservation. It defines energy as the ability to do work and identifies renewable energy sources like solar and wind and non-renewable sources like fossil fuels. It explains that we need to conserve energy because resources are limited and demands are increasing. Some ways to conserve include recycling, turning off unused devices, and replacing old light bulbs. Specific tips provided include not leaving lights on unnecessarily and analyzing appliance energy efficiency. Energy conservation helps save money and reduce pollution. India relies heavily on fossil fuel imports for its energy needs and conservation can help address this.
This document discusses renewable and non-renewable energy sources. It defines renewable energy as sources that can be continuously generated like solar, wind, and hydroelectric power. Non-renewable sources like fossil fuels are finite. The document encourages conserving energy to avoid exhausting non-renewable resources and reduce pollution. Some conservation tips include using efficient appliances and lightbulbs, recycling, and turning off devices when not in use. Renewable sources like solar, wind, hydro, and geothermal are important to use because they provide clean, sustainable energy and help the environment and economy.
Energy efficiency refers to reducing the amount of energy required to provide products and services. For example, insulating a home allows it to use less energy for heating and cooling while maintaining a comfortable temperature. Using fluorescent or LED bulbs instead of incandescent bulbs reduces the energy needed for the same level of illumination. Modern appliances like refrigerators and washing machines also use significantly less energy than older models. Individual actions such as switching off unused lights and appliances, closing doors and windows while using AC, and choosing more efficient products can all help conserve electricity.
The document discusses various sources of energy used in daily life and for electricity generation. It provides examples of energy required for common daily activities like brushing teeth, bathing, and cooking. Both renewable and non-renewable sources are explained, along with their usage in India. Students are divided into groups and assigned tasks to submit reports and working models on different renewable energy sources like solar, wind, and hydro power relevant to the state of Gujarat. The document emphasizes the importance of adopting the 3R approach (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) to conserve the planet.
This document discusses energy conservation. It defines energy as the ability to do work and explains that there are two main types: renewable and non-renewable. Renewable energy sources like solar and wind can be generated continuously while non-renewable sources like fossil fuels are limited. It encourages conserving energy to save money, reduce pollution, and avoid exhausting limited resources. Suggested conservation methods include recycling, using efficient appliances and lightbulbs, and turning off lights and devices when not in use. India relies heavily on fossil fuel imports and conservation can help reduce this dependency and hindered electricity growth.
This document discusses different sources of energy, including renewable and non-renewable sources. It provides examples of each energy source and notes their advantages and disadvantages. Renewable sources include solar, wind, hydroelectric, geothermal, and biomass energy. Non-renewable sources consist of fossil fuels like coal, oil, and natural gas as well as nuclear energy from uranium. The document emphasizes the importance of conserving energy and provides tips for doing so, such as using more efficient appliances and reducing consumption.
This presentation discusses energy conservation. It defines energy as the ability to do work and outlines different types of energy sources, distinguishing between renewable sources like solar and wind, and non-renewable fossil fuels. The presentation urges conservation efforts, noting that demands are increasing while resources are limited. It suggests individual actions like using efficient light bulbs and unplugging unused devices to save energy and money. India relies heavily on fossil fuel imports, so increased conservation could help address future energy demands and reliance on foreign sources.
The document describes various sustainable features and initiatives at multiple schools. It discusses solar panels, insulation improvements, wind turbines, and other renewable energy sources that have reduced schools' carbon emissions and energy costs. Various recycling, transportation, insulation, and other programs aim to make the schools more environmentally friendly.
The document provides information on energy conservation and different types of energy. It discusses that energy can be converted from one form to another but cannot be created or destroyed. Renewable energy sources like solar, wind and hydro are responsible for a small percentage of carbon dioxide emissions while non-renewable sources like coal are the main cause of global warming. The document also highlights the importance of conserving energy to reduce dependence on imports and make efficient use of limited resources. Various strategies for conserving energy in lighting, air conditioners, motors and through renewable options are presented.
This document discusses energy conservation and provides tips for saving energy. It begins by defining energy as the ability to do work, and notes that energy lights cities, powers vehicles and more. It then explains that energy resources are limited on Earth and demands are increasing, so conservation is important. Some ways to conserve mentioned include recycling, turning off unused devices, and replacing old light bulbs with energy efficient ones. Specific energy saving tips are provided for both home and public settings. The document emphasizes that conservation will help save money and reduce pollution by saving energy. It provides an example showing potential annual savings from replacing a light bulb. Overall, the document promotes energy conservation through various everyday practices.
This document discusses energy conservation and provides tips for saving energy. It begins by defining energy as the ability to do work, and notes that energy lights cities, powers vehicles and more. It then explains that we need to conserve energy because resources are limited and demands are increasing. Some ways to conserve mentioned include recycling, turning off unused devices, and replacing old light bulbs with energy efficient ones. Specific energy saving tips are provided for both home and public settings. The document emphasizes that conserving energy will save money and resources while reducing pollution. It provides an example of annual savings from replacing a light bulb. Overall, the document promotes energy conservation through various everyday practices.
This document summarizes different sources of energy, including renewable and non-renewable sources. It discusses key renewable sources like solar, wind, hydro, and biomass energy. It also outlines major non-renewable sources such as petroleum, coal, and uranium. The document emphasizes that renewable sources are more sustainable since they can be replenished, while non-renewable sources contribute significantly more to carbon emissions and global warming. It stresses the importance of conserving energy and switching to renewable alternatives whenever possible.
Energy Conservation Basics for childrenJK Paper Ltd.
Energy is the ability to do work and it can be converted from one form to another but not created or destroyed. It powers our cities, vehicles, homes and more. There are renewable and non-renewable sources of energy. We need to conserve energy because resources are limited and demands are increasing while burning fossil fuels harms the environment and causes global warming. Some ways to conserve include switching off lights and fans when not in use, not opening the fridge frequently, using LED lights, buying energy efficient appliances, recycling, and choosing products with higher star ratings. Renewable energy sources like solar and hydro are better for the environment.
The document discusses different sources of energy, dividing them into renewable and non-renewable categories. Renewable sources include solar, wind, hydro, geothermal, and biomass energy. These sources can be continuously generated without depleting the source. Non-renewable sources like coal, oil, and uranium are limited and cannot be replenished once depleted. The document emphasizes the importance of conserving energy given the rising demand and limited fossil fuel reserves, and outlines individual and governmental efforts that can be taken to promote more sustainable energy use.
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Reimagining Your Library Space: How to Increase the Vibes in Your Library No ...Diana Rendina
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How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
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it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
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core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
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significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
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The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
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to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
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providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
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Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
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2. Types of Energy
Energy can be broadly divided into two
categories-
Renewable Energy
Non Renewable Energy
3. Renewable Energy
Renewable energy can be generated
continuously practically without decay
of source. E.g.-
Solar Energy
Wind Energy
Geothermal Energy
Hydro Energy
4. Solar Energy
Solar energy can be converted into
electrical energy by using solar panels,
or alternatively, be used as thermal
energy using solar water heaters, solar
cookers etc.
5. Wind Energy
India is world’s third largest producer
of electricity generation using wind
power by wind mills.
6. Geothermal Energy
A lot of energy exists inside earth
crust. Natural hot water springs are a
good source of getting such energy.
7. Hydro Energy
Using dams, water is allowed to pass
through turbine blades, which
produces electricity. In India, after
coal, most of the energy is produced
by this method.
8. Non Renewable Energy
Non renewable energy cannot be
generated again and again, e.g.
energy generated from combustion of
fossil fuels, energy from coal and gas
etc.
9. Energy
Energy can neither be generated nor it
can be destroyed. It can only be
converted from one form to another.
For example, in a room heater,
electrical energy is converted to the
thermal energy.
Turbine converts mechanical energy
stored in steam to electrical energy.
10. Why to Conserve?
We have limited fuels available on
earth.
Our demand for energy is increasing
day-by-day.
It is possible that someday, most of
fuels will be exhausted, and we will
have to switch over to alternate
energy.
11. Limited Fuels
At present consumption levels-
Crude oil will last only for 40 years.
Gas will last for 60 years.
Coal will be finished in nearly 200
years.
Ever thought of life without oil
and gas?
12.
13. Increasing Consumption
Furthermore, our consumption is
increasing day-by-day.
This means fuels will last much earlier
than expected.
The only solution is …..
15. Energy Conservation in
India
In India, government has passed
“Energy Conservation Bill, 2001” for
better utilization of energy and
conservation of the same.
By this act, it is mandatory for energy
intensive sectors to get their “Energy
Audit” conducted by accredited energy
auditor.
16. Bureau of Energy
Efficiency
This body keeps watch on energy
consumption patterns, develops norms
for appliances etc.
It also organizes different competitions
e.g. poster & slogan competition etc.
for children.
For details, please visit:
www.energymanagertraining.com
17. Star Ratings
BEE has also initiated “Star Rating
System” for electrical appliances e.g.
refrigerator, CFL, geysers etc.
In this system, 1-5 stars are allotted to
products depending on their energy
efficiency. A five star product means
that it consumes least energy in its
segment.
18. What Can We Do?
We, the children can do our bit to save
energy. We should not waste energy in
school or at home.
19. In School
Always switch off lights and fans while
going out of the class.
20. In School
In computer lab, we should switch off
computers before going out of class.
21. In School
If there are less students in the class,
we should sit together so that some
fans can be switched off. (NOT IN
EXAMS!)
22. At Home
We should not keep light and fan
unnecessarily switched on.
23. At Home
Tell mother to take material out from
fridge if it is to be heated, some time
earlier so that cooking gas
consumption is low.
24. At Home
We should not open fridge door
frequently.
25. At Home
We should not open fridge door for
long time.
26. At Home
Watching interesting programs on TV
is interesting, but afterwards, TV
should be switched off.
27. At Home
While going to purchase new products,
e.g. refrigerator, geysers, CFL etc., we
should insist upon purchasing a five
star product rather than cheap and
energy waster product.
28. How will it help?
Take an example:
We replace one 100W bulb with a 13W
CFL.
Let us assume electricity is available
for Rs. 3.00 per unit, and this bulb is
used for 6 Hours a day.
The annual saving would be….
29. Power Saving
Power saved: 100W-13W = 87W
=87W X 6 Hours X 365 Days
=17520 WH
=17.520 kWH or Units
=Rs. 52.56
Say Rupees 50 per one bulb replaced.
30. So,
Remember to replace light bulbs with
CFLs so electricity could be available
for more time.
You can also ask your parents for a
chocolate or some other gift after
reducing your electricity bill.
31. What Else can be Done?
We should discuss energy
conservation with our friends and tell
others how can we reduce energy
consumption.