Scots internally migrated within Scotland in the 1800s-1900s due to various "pull factors" that attracted them to urban areas. Some key pull factors included better job opportunities in industries like shipbuilding, access to higher wages that improved standards of living, improved housing compared to rural areas like the Highlands, proximity to family and friends who had also migrated, and access to amenities like healthcare, education, and entertainment not available in rural communities. The expansion of the railway network in Scotland in the mid-1800s also helped facilitate internal migration by making travel across the country easier.