Disruptive innovation in healthcare sector offers potential opportunities to developing countries like Nigeria, which are in urgent need of low-cost, efficient and sustainable healthcare solutions that are easily accessible to the masses.
Prompted by the 20th anniversary of the 1993 World Development Report, a Lancet Commission revisited the case for investment in health and developed a new investment frame work to achieve dramatic health gains by 2035. Our report has four key messages, each accompanied by opportunities for action by national governments of low-income and middle-income countries and by the international community.
Inclusive development considers whether development progress is sufficiently widespread for the majority of a population to benefit
The World Bank has a particular focus on the economic capabilities, freedoms and resilience of the bottom 40 per cent of the World’s population and the relatively poor in individual countries.
Per capita incomes can rise but simultaneously there can also be an increase in the scale of relative poverty
The inter-generational nature of development progress also needs to be considered – i.e. creating an environment fit for future generations.
One of the defining debates in development economics is the extent to which state intervention enables inclusive growth or whether a dynamic private sector offers greater potential for lifting development progress.
Technology is disrupting healthcare just as it has in so many other areas of life. New players and
new approaches are proliferating but while the changes may seem dazzlingly diverse there is a single, underlying driving force. Digital transformation in healthcare has many elements: health data privacy, ethical AI, IOT solutions, many brought to the market by new disruptors. These are all valuable elements of transformation, but ultimately they are steering to a single goal; empathetic care of
the empowered patient. In this increasingly patient-centric future it is the empathetic care, not the technology itself, that will prove to be the outstanding feature. The market leaders in this landscape will be those who embrace and explore its possibilities.
Living in a hyper-connected world, patients have never been so well informed or had so much decision- making power, at least when it comes to chronic diseases. Less dependent on their doctors for advice, increasingly able and willing to take greater control of their own health, they feel empowered by the vast amount of health information available online, on apps, and by the array of health and fitness wearables.
Such consumer digital empowerment is pushing rapid change in healthcare provision. Industry leaders across providers, insurers, medical technology and the pharmaceuticals industry, need to re-imagine
the traditional spectrum of sales, marketing and commercialisation processes by developing empathetic engagement tools to accompany and support the patient on their personal journey. This digital transformation imperative becomes a huge challenge because of the complexity of the industry ecosystem and the varying models in APAC.
With widely varying reimbursement and access challenges across APAC countries, coupled with diverse social and cultural norms, it is important for pharma, insurance, and healthcare providers to work together with partners who have local, real-world expertise when it comes to understanding patient behaviours. Together those partnerships can deliver solutions that will impact patient lives positively. Across APAC the opportunities are considerable with a huge growing market for medication and care, but there are also significant cultural and financial hurdles to the uptake of treatments.
Policy Brief: What Steps Are Countries Taking To Implement Pro-Poor Universal...HFG Project
Universal health coverage (UHC)—ensuring that everyone has access to quality, affordable health services when needed—can be a vehicle for improved equity, health, financial well-being, and economic development. In its 2013 report, Global Health 2035: A World Converging within a Generation, the Commission on Investing in Health made the case that pro-poor pathways towards UHC, which target the poor from the outset, are the most efficient way to achieve both improved health outcomes and increased financial protection (FP). Countries worldwide are now embarking on health system changes to move closer to achieving UHC, often with a clear pro-poor intent.
Much has been written about what steps countries have taken and are currently taking to: (1) set and expand guaranteed services, (2) develop health financing systems to fund guaranteed services and ensure FP, (3) ensure high-quality service availability and delivery, (4) improve governance and management of the health sector, and (5) strengthen other aspects of health systems to move closer to UHC. As background for a meeting on UHC implementation, held at the Rockefeller Foundation’s Bellagio Center, Italy, from 7–9 July 2015, we reviewed this body of literature, and conducted interviews with global UHC implementers and researchers. In this short policy brief, we synthesize the key messages from the literature and interviews.
Implementing Pro-Poor Universal Health CoverageHFG Project
From The Lancet Global Health: Countries worldwide are embarking on health system reforms that move them closer to UHC, in many cases with a clear pro-poor focus. Along the way, there is a wealth of guidance on the technical aspects of UHC, such as designing health service packages and developing health financing systems. However, there is very little practical guidance on how to implement these policies.
Motivated by a shared interest in helping to close this information gap, a diverse international group of 21 practitioners and academics, including ministry of health officials and representatives of global health agencies and foundations, convened at The Rockefeller Foundation’s Bellagio Center for a three-day workshop from July 7–9, 2015.
The participants shared their experiences of implementing UHC and discussed the limited evidence on how to implement UHC, focusing on a set of seven key “how” questions from across five domains of UHC.
Universal health coverage (UHC)—ensuring that everyone has access to quality, affordable health services when needed—can be a vehicle for improved equity, health, financial well-being, and economic development. In its 2013 report, Global Health 2035, the Commission on Investing in Health (CIH) made the case that progressive (“pro-poor”) pathways towards UHC, which target the poor from the outset, are the most efficient way to achieve both improved health outcomes and increased financial protection (FP). Countries worldwide are now embarking on health system changes to move closer to achieving UHC, often with a clear pro-poor intent. While they can draw on guidance related to the technical aspects of UHC (the “what” of UHC), such as on service package design, there is less information on the “how” of UHC—that is, on how to maximize the chances of successful implementation.
Motivated by a shared interest in helping to close this information gap, a diverse international group of 21 practitioners and academics, including ministry of health officials and representatives of global health agencies and foundations, convened at The Rockefeller Foundation’s Bellagio Center for a three-day workshop from July 7–9, 2015. The participants shared their experiences of implementing UHC and discussed the limited evidence on how to implement UHC, focusing on a set of seven key “how” questions from across five domains of UHC.
Knowledge Transfer: Putting Knowledge in Practice to improve Business Perform...Dolly Bhasin
In this paper, I would discuss the knowledge transfer mechanisms using ICT to improve the innovation, competitiveness, collaboration and effectiveness of strategic initiatives to forge ties between South Africa and India.
In today’s global world, creating knowledge for turning them into new products and services is crucial to maintain and enhance the competitiveness. While enough research has been done on Knowledge transfer in the Manufacturing sector, knowledge transfer in services sector has not been well explored.
Collaboration between researchers and industry amongst India and South Africa will be explored through case studies in Elearning, Telemedicine and Book Publishing. The paper would try to highlight how we can create ‘single continuum for knowledge’ by developing platforms where the South African community and Indian Businesses can work and innovate together to create information exchange in a systematic way to improve the business performance, especially in the service delivery.
Universal health coverage Morocco conference 2020e-Marefa
This presentation is made as part of theme "Health" at the The International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Systems for Sustainable Development applied to Agriculture, Energy, Health, Environment, Industry, Education, Economy and Security (http://ai2sd.com/)
Prompted by the 20th anniversary of the 1993 World Development Report, a Lancet Commission revisited the case for investment in health and developed a new investment frame work to achieve dramatic health gains by 2035. Our report has four key messages, each accompanied by opportunities for action by national governments of low-income and middle-income countries and by the international community.
Inclusive development considers whether development progress is sufficiently widespread for the majority of a population to benefit
The World Bank has a particular focus on the economic capabilities, freedoms and resilience of the bottom 40 per cent of the World’s population and the relatively poor in individual countries.
Per capita incomes can rise but simultaneously there can also be an increase in the scale of relative poverty
The inter-generational nature of development progress also needs to be considered – i.e. creating an environment fit for future generations.
One of the defining debates in development economics is the extent to which state intervention enables inclusive growth or whether a dynamic private sector offers greater potential for lifting development progress.
Technology is disrupting healthcare just as it has in so many other areas of life. New players and
new approaches are proliferating but while the changes may seem dazzlingly diverse there is a single, underlying driving force. Digital transformation in healthcare has many elements: health data privacy, ethical AI, IOT solutions, many brought to the market by new disruptors. These are all valuable elements of transformation, but ultimately they are steering to a single goal; empathetic care of
the empowered patient. In this increasingly patient-centric future it is the empathetic care, not the technology itself, that will prove to be the outstanding feature. The market leaders in this landscape will be those who embrace and explore its possibilities.
Living in a hyper-connected world, patients have never been so well informed or had so much decision- making power, at least when it comes to chronic diseases. Less dependent on their doctors for advice, increasingly able and willing to take greater control of their own health, they feel empowered by the vast amount of health information available online, on apps, and by the array of health and fitness wearables.
Such consumer digital empowerment is pushing rapid change in healthcare provision. Industry leaders across providers, insurers, medical technology and the pharmaceuticals industry, need to re-imagine
the traditional spectrum of sales, marketing and commercialisation processes by developing empathetic engagement tools to accompany and support the patient on their personal journey. This digital transformation imperative becomes a huge challenge because of the complexity of the industry ecosystem and the varying models in APAC.
With widely varying reimbursement and access challenges across APAC countries, coupled with diverse social and cultural norms, it is important for pharma, insurance, and healthcare providers to work together with partners who have local, real-world expertise when it comes to understanding patient behaviours. Together those partnerships can deliver solutions that will impact patient lives positively. Across APAC the opportunities are considerable with a huge growing market for medication and care, but there are also significant cultural and financial hurdles to the uptake of treatments.
Policy Brief: What Steps Are Countries Taking To Implement Pro-Poor Universal...HFG Project
Universal health coverage (UHC)—ensuring that everyone has access to quality, affordable health services when needed—can be a vehicle for improved equity, health, financial well-being, and economic development. In its 2013 report, Global Health 2035: A World Converging within a Generation, the Commission on Investing in Health made the case that pro-poor pathways towards UHC, which target the poor from the outset, are the most efficient way to achieve both improved health outcomes and increased financial protection (FP). Countries worldwide are now embarking on health system changes to move closer to achieving UHC, often with a clear pro-poor intent.
Much has been written about what steps countries have taken and are currently taking to: (1) set and expand guaranteed services, (2) develop health financing systems to fund guaranteed services and ensure FP, (3) ensure high-quality service availability and delivery, (4) improve governance and management of the health sector, and (5) strengthen other aspects of health systems to move closer to UHC. As background for a meeting on UHC implementation, held at the Rockefeller Foundation’s Bellagio Center, Italy, from 7–9 July 2015, we reviewed this body of literature, and conducted interviews with global UHC implementers and researchers. In this short policy brief, we synthesize the key messages from the literature and interviews.
Implementing Pro-Poor Universal Health CoverageHFG Project
From The Lancet Global Health: Countries worldwide are embarking on health system reforms that move them closer to UHC, in many cases with a clear pro-poor focus. Along the way, there is a wealth of guidance on the technical aspects of UHC, such as designing health service packages and developing health financing systems. However, there is very little practical guidance on how to implement these policies.
Motivated by a shared interest in helping to close this information gap, a diverse international group of 21 practitioners and academics, including ministry of health officials and representatives of global health agencies and foundations, convened at The Rockefeller Foundation’s Bellagio Center for a three-day workshop from July 7–9, 2015.
The participants shared their experiences of implementing UHC and discussed the limited evidence on how to implement UHC, focusing on a set of seven key “how” questions from across five domains of UHC.
Universal health coverage (UHC)—ensuring that everyone has access to quality, affordable health services when needed—can be a vehicle for improved equity, health, financial well-being, and economic development. In its 2013 report, Global Health 2035, the Commission on Investing in Health (CIH) made the case that progressive (“pro-poor”) pathways towards UHC, which target the poor from the outset, are the most efficient way to achieve both improved health outcomes and increased financial protection (FP). Countries worldwide are now embarking on health system changes to move closer to achieving UHC, often with a clear pro-poor intent. While they can draw on guidance related to the technical aspects of UHC (the “what” of UHC), such as on service package design, there is less information on the “how” of UHC—that is, on how to maximize the chances of successful implementation.
Motivated by a shared interest in helping to close this information gap, a diverse international group of 21 practitioners and academics, including ministry of health officials and representatives of global health agencies and foundations, convened at The Rockefeller Foundation’s Bellagio Center for a three-day workshop from July 7–9, 2015. The participants shared their experiences of implementing UHC and discussed the limited evidence on how to implement UHC, focusing on a set of seven key “how” questions from across five domains of UHC.
Knowledge Transfer: Putting Knowledge in Practice to improve Business Perform...Dolly Bhasin
In this paper, I would discuss the knowledge transfer mechanisms using ICT to improve the innovation, competitiveness, collaboration and effectiveness of strategic initiatives to forge ties between South Africa and India.
In today’s global world, creating knowledge for turning them into new products and services is crucial to maintain and enhance the competitiveness. While enough research has been done on Knowledge transfer in the Manufacturing sector, knowledge transfer in services sector has not been well explored.
Collaboration between researchers and industry amongst India and South Africa will be explored through case studies in Elearning, Telemedicine and Book Publishing. The paper would try to highlight how we can create ‘single continuum for knowledge’ by developing platforms where the South African community and Indian Businesses can work and innovate together to create information exchange in a systematic way to improve the business performance, especially in the service delivery.
Universal health coverage Morocco conference 2020e-Marefa
This presentation is made as part of theme "Health" at the The International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Systems for Sustainable Development applied to Agriculture, Energy, Health, Environment, Industry, Education, Economy and Security (http://ai2sd.com/)
This document discusses using technology to bridge the gap between rural development and financial inclusion in developing economies. It notes that while two billion people globally lack access to formal financial services, rural populations face even greater barriers to access due to issues like illiteracy and lack of infrastructure. The author examines whether technology can be used as a tool to increase financial inclusion for rural dwellers and help reduce poverty. While some progress has been made, most rural residents remain financially excluded. The paper aims to determine if technology can effectively bridge this gap or if individual and institutional factors prevent greater inclusion.
This document discusses the evolution of the concept of inclusive economies and key lessons learned from analyzing related indicator initiatives. It proposes a framework for measuring inclusive economies consisting of 5 broad characteristics (equitable, participatory, growing, sustainable, and stable) divided into 15 sub-categories and 57 specific indicators. The framework is intended to promote discussion and understanding of inclusive economies while acknowledging limitations of indicators in fully capturing complex concepts.
The determinants of financial inclusion in western africa insights from ghanaAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a research study that examined the determinants of financial inclusion in Western Africa, using Ghana as a case study. The study used survey data from 1,000 adults in Ghana to analyze factors that influence individuals' inclusion in Ghana's formal financial sector. The results of a logit model found that only 40% of adults are included. Significant determinants of inclusion were found to be: age, literacy levels, wealth class, distance to financial institutions, lack of documentation, lack of trust in institutions, lack of money, and influence of family members being included. The paper concludes that policies are needed to address the negative determinants and support the positive ones, to promote greater financial inclusion across Western Africa.
Monitoring progress towards universal health coverage at country and global l...The Rockefeller Foundation
A movement towards universal health coverage (UHC) – ensuring that everyone who needs health services is able to get them, without undue financial hardship – has been growing across the globe (1). This has led to a sharp increase in the demand for expertise, evidence and measures of progress and a push to make UHC one of the goals of the post-2015 development agenda (2). This paper proposes a framework for tracking country and global progress towards UHC; its aim is to inform and guide these discussions and assessment of both aggregate and equitable coverage of essential health services as well as financial protection. Monitoring progress towards these two components of UHC will be complementary and critical to achieving desirable health outcome goals, such as ending preventable deaths and promoting healthy life expectancy and also reducing poverty and protecting household incomes.
This paper was written jointly by the World Health Organization (WHO) and The World Bank Group on the basis of consultations and discussions with country representatives, technical experts and global health and development partners (3). A draft of this paper was posted online and circulated widely for consultation between December 2013 and February 2014. Nearly 70 submissions were received from countries, development partners, civil society, academics and other interested stakeholders. The feedback was synthesized and reviewed at a meeting of country and global experts in Bellagio, Italy, in March 2014 (4). The paper was modified to reflect the views emerging from these consultations.
HealthCursor Consulting Group India- Distribution and Marketing- Mobile network operators in Africa have identified the growing demand for financial services and micro insurance . Airtel Africa has partnered with MicroEnsure for Mobile Micro Insurance. The range of Airtel-branded insurance products includes life, accident, health, agriculture, and other forms of cover.
Connecting intermediaries, customers and surveyors- ICICI Lombard India's mobile initiative started simply enough, with a set of basic applications that gave customers a consolidated view of all their policies, a reminder service to renew a policy, and a way to track the status of a claim. But as they matured with the mobile platform, they re-visited the paradigm and devised new ways to provide customers with more value-added and user-friendly features. This is however restricted to Auto insurance only.
Encryption, Transactions and handling customer grievance- Public sector general insurance company United India Insurance launched a mobile-based real-time fund transfer facility for payment of premium. M-Power enables customers to renew their policies and also remit the premium for approved proposals. To use this facility, one has to get an MMID (an identification number called - mobile money identifier) from his/her bank and enable one’s mobile with the application given by the bank. However, there are only 10 banks on board with this platform. This initiative follows the launch of its Internet-based sales, customer grievance portal and information-cum-sales kiosks.
Sales, awareness and providing access- Bima, a young Swedish microinsurance company, is using mobile phones to sell as many as three billion new insurance policies to the global poor. Bima, that has begun to access this untapped market, is now one of the largest mobile insurance platforms in the world. In just three years, Bima has acquired 4 million clients in Africa and Asia and is adding 400,000 new subscribers per month. Bima has been tackling many of the obstacles—education, pricing, premium collection—that prevent poor people from obtaining such benefits. For instance, Bima products such as life, accident and health insurance cost "as little as $0.20 to $6.00 a month. Last month, Leapfrog invested $4.25 million in Bima, which will allow the company to expand even further within Africa and Asia as well as reach into new markets in Latin America.
Women in Africa Leveraging ICT in Closing the Gender Gap through Ethics and V...ijtsrd
Significant shreds of evidence from literature revealed that women constitute half of the world’s human capital. Shreds of evidence also show that women have the potentials to redress gender gaps if empowered through Information and Communication Technology ICT , favourable laws, ethics, and values. Despite these important virtues, numerous investigations have shown significant gender gaps in internet use 23 , literacy rate 48.6 , pay gap 22 , political ambition, educational outcomes, etc., resulting majorly from restrictions placed by customary laws, ethics, and values that failed to incorporate no gender sensitive ICT policies in Africa. This study highlights the strategy to leverage the economic empowerment of women in Africa through ICT adoption, and favourable ICT policies, culture, ethics, and values. The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology UTAUT was adopted as the conceptual framework. In this study, the authors explored a narrative review methodology of related research findings from peer reviewed articles to draw holistic findings that revealed significant information on strategies for leveraging ICT in closing the gender gap. Results show that gender gaps may result from women diverting time for circular works, due to unfavorable customary laws, ethics, and values, to meet family responsibilities or having less control over finances, which negatively impact their affordability of ICTs. Results also show that empowering women in ICT may advance sustainable goals, leverage their literacy abilities for ICT adoption leverage ICT in closing gaps in gender discrepancy in sociability capital resources. Dr. Felix. C. Aguboshim | Ifeyinwa Nkemdilim, Obiokafor | Irene Nkechi, Onwuka "Women in Africa: Leveraging ICT in Closing the Gender Gap through Ethics and Values" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-6 , October 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd35721.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/other/35721/women-in-africa-leveraging-ict-in-closing-the-gender-gap-through-ethics-and-values/dr-felix-c-aguboshim
Digital Health a call for Government Leadership and cooperation between ICT a...3GDR
This document discusses the development of a national digital health strategy. It acknowledges the fragmented state of digital health currently and emphasizes the need for government leadership and cooperation between the health, ICT, and finance sectors to develop a strong national strategy. The strategy requires committed senior leadership and sustained financial resources. Case studies from eight countries demonstrate that success depends on strong intragovernmental cooperation across sectors. Clear governance mechanisms are also needed to support this cross-sectoral work. Developing a national strategy can help address fragmentation and facilitate standards and policies to support digital health solutions.
Handouts on Rapid Analysis of Innovation Response to Covid-19 Pandemic in Sou...KTN
The document provides an analysis of innovation responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in South Africa. It finds that coordination and collaboration were strongest where there was a common vision, decisive leadership, and mutual goals. Fragmentation was driven by a lack of linkages, funding, trust, and clear policies. The analysis identifies challenges faced by innovations and recommends future areas of focus like early-stage funding, affordable internet access, business training, and policy reviews to strengthen resilience.
Diseases do not respect boundaries Once diseases spread beyond a localized region, their expansion becomes exponential and difficult to contain. Early detection and containment by effective disease surveillance networks are critical to arresting pandemics in their early stages. Cross-country disease surveillance networks are a mechanism that encompass human resources deployment, rapid communication, and transparent collaboration for early detection and response to emerging diseases and pandemics.
The Deloitte Consumer Survey Consumer Review. Africa: A 21st century reviewKenyaSchoolReport.com
This document discusses opportunities for consumer businesses in Africa. It finds that Africa's economy is growing rapidly, driven by a rising middle class as wealth spreads beyond elites. The population is young and increasingly urban, and digital technologies are allowing Africans to adopt new services. A survey of youth in four African countries shows they are optimistic, brand-conscious, and engaged via mobile phones. While challenges remain, opportunities exist for companies willing to invest and innovate long-term in Africa's evolving consumer markets.
Foreign Direct Investment and Poverty Reduction in Nigeriainventionjournals
Despite the unique role of FDI flows in enhancing an economy, Nigeria poverty incidence still soars. Against this backdrop, this study investigated the effect of foreign direction investment on poverty reduction in Nigeria using an econometric model of the Ordinary Least Square (OLS). Findings revealed that foreign direct investment, trade openness, market size, foreign aids, exchange rate, external debt and technology are statistically significant in explaining poverty reduction in Nigeria. The study recommends among others that government should provide adequate infrastructure and policy framework that will be conducive for doing business in Nigeria in order to attract the inflow of FDI.
Media inattention for entrepreneurship in pakistanAlexander Decker
The document discusses media inattention for entrepreneurship in Pakistan. It analyzes data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor to show that while Pakistan has a large media sector, it pays relatively little attention to entrepreneurship compared to other countries. This low level of media attention is correlated with lower entrepreneurial intentions and fewer new businesses in Pakistan. The document argues that greater focus on entrepreneurs by Pakistani media could help foster an more entrepreneurial culture.
The life, medical, and health sciences represent a broad array of disciplines that generally involve the biology and health of people, plants, and animals. These fields, especially when the provision of medical care is included, make up an important and growing part of Michigan’s economy. Approximately 533,000 Michiganders were employed in one of these sectors in 2015, representing approximately one in eight jobs. Between 2011 and 2015, the sector added 21,000 jobs, with growth of 4.2 percent. While this growth is slower than the overall economy during this period, this slower growth is misleading. Michigan’s economy is still recovering from the sharp employment declines that occurred in the 2000s, a decline that the life, medical, and health sciences did not experience. Compared to its 2000 level, employment in the life, medical and health sciences is up 18.9 percent, while overall Michigan employment is still down 9.3 percent.1 The ability of the sector to grow while the rest of Michigan’s economy was contracting represents an important stabilizing force for the economy.
The document summarizes a workshop that discussed approaches to expanding health coverage and financial protection for those in the informal employment sector. Countries presented experiences implementing different financing mechanisms, including community-based health insurance in Rwanda and taxation in Thailand. Key conclusions were that understanding the local context is important, and that balancing centralized and decentralized functions can enhance equity and accountability.
Fast track, incestment spproach and transition funding to end aids epidemic b...PinHealth
This document discusses strategies for optimizing HIV/AIDS investments and fast-tracking the global AIDS response. It emphasizes focusing investments where they will have the greatest impact, such as prioritizing the regions and populations with the highest disease burdens. Addressing costs and improving efficiencies in service delivery can help scale up treatment and prevention services. Strategic, evidence-based allocation of resources is key to making progress toward global goals like 90-90-90 targets.
This document summarizes a study that investigated the effect of technology adoption on the growth of youth-owned micro and small enterprises (MSEs) in Kenya. The study found that the majority of youth-owned MSEs lacked the capacity to acquire new technology and were not able to improve their products or services through technological innovation. MSEs often maintained their original products and services without innovation. The study recommends that MSEs be provided financial support to acquire appropriate technologies to enhance business growth. Governments should also encourage MSEs to adopt new technologies in order to increase innovation and competitiveness.
An assesesment of the impact of microfinance schemes on poverty reduction amo...Alexander Decker
This document analyzes the impact of microfinance schemes on poverty reduction among women in Ghana. It discusses how microfinance institutions and NGOs in Ghana provide financial services like credit, savings, and insurance to help poor households start small businesses to improve their incomes and escape poverty. The study found that access to microfinance had a positive and significant impact on household income. It concluded that microfinance plays an important role in improving household incomes and remains a key part of development strategies by providing affordable financial services to rural populations. However, more innovative microfinance schemes are still needed that better support asset accumulation and wealth creation for clients.
This document discusses several mega trends driving opportunities in sub-Saharan Africa, including urbanization, the growth of mobile technology, new business models, healthcare improvements, energy development, and financial sector expansion. It defines mega trends as large-scale, long-term forces that impact societies and economies. The presentation then examines specific trends in more depth, such as the rise of mega cities and corridors, infrastructure development needs across sectors, and how mobile connectivity is helping connect more Africans.
This document analyzes recent efforts in the Philippines to harness information and communication technologies (ICT) to promote development and break an alleged "antidevelopment cycle." It provides an overview of the country's socioeconomic development strategies since 1986 and how ICT has been incorporated. National ICT plans from that period are examined, as are selected public sector ICT initiatives and the role of the private sector. While ICT adoption is growing, realizing its full potential remains challenging. The document argues that fully leveraging ICT for transformation will be key to the Philippines achieving genuine and sustainable development.
Fifty years ago, when the Pakistani military carried out a massacre against the people of East
Bangle, the freedom-loving people stood up and fought back
Advancing medical technology is improving patient care around the world. Emerging markets are seeing increasing demand for medical technology as populations age and healthcare costs rise. Developing countries spend less on healthcare than developed nations, but healthcare spending is projected to grow faster in emerging markets. Digitization of healthcare records and increased data sharing is facilitating adoption of new technologies. Global medical device revenues are projected to increase significantly by 2020 as emerging markets invest in new technologies and partnerships between different healthcare organizations expand.
The document discusses the challenges facing digital healthcare adoption in emerging markets. Traditional digital healthcare models from developed countries require large upfront costs that are prohibitive for emerging markets. However, emerging markets have an opportunity to "leapfrog" developed countries by adopting new digital healthcare models that are cloud-based, open source, integrated, mobile and social. These new models can help digitize healthcare at lower costs and faster timeframes, improving access, affordability, quality and safety of healthcare in emerging markets.
This document discusses using technology to bridge the gap between rural development and financial inclusion in developing economies. It notes that while two billion people globally lack access to formal financial services, rural populations face even greater barriers to access due to issues like illiteracy and lack of infrastructure. The author examines whether technology can be used as a tool to increase financial inclusion for rural dwellers and help reduce poverty. While some progress has been made, most rural residents remain financially excluded. The paper aims to determine if technology can effectively bridge this gap or if individual and institutional factors prevent greater inclusion.
This document discusses the evolution of the concept of inclusive economies and key lessons learned from analyzing related indicator initiatives. It proposes a framework for measuring inclusive economies consisting of 5 broad characteristics (equitable, participatory, growing, sustainable, and stable) divided into 15 sub-categories and 57 specific indicators. The framework is intended to promote discussion and understanding of inclusive economies while acknowledging limitations of indicators in fully capturing complex concepts.
The determinants of financial inclusion in western africa insights from ghanaAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a research study that examined the determinants of financial inclusion in Western Africa, using Ghana as a case study. The study used survey data from 1,000 adults in Ghana to analyze factors that influence individuals' inclusion in Ghana's formal financial sector. The results of a logit model found that only 40% of adults are included. Significant determinants of inclusion were found to be: age, literacy levels, wealth class, distance to financial institutions, lack of documentation, lack of trust in institutions, lack of money, and influence of family members being included. The paper concludes that policies are needed to address the negative determinants and support the positive ones, to promote greater financial inclusion across Western Africa.
Monitoring progress towards universal health coverage at country and global l...The Rockefeller Foundation
A movement towards universal health coverage (UHC) – ensuring that everyone who needs health services is able to get them, without undue financial hardship – has been growing across the globe (1). This has led to a sharp increase in the demand for expertise, evidence and measures of progress and a push to make UHC one of the goals of the post-2015 development agenda (2). This paper proposes a framework for tracking country and global progress towards UHC; its aim is to inform and guide these discussions and assessment of both aggregate and equitable coverage of essential health services as well as financial protection. Monitoring progress towards these two components of UHC will be complementary and critical to achieving desirable health outcome goals, such as ending preventable deaths and promoting healthy life expectancy and also reducing poverty and protecting household incomes.
This paper was written jointly by the World Health Organization (WHO) and The World Bank Group on the basis of consultations and discussions with country representatives, technical experts and global health and development partners (3). A draft of this paper was posted online and circulated widely for consultation between December 2013 and February 2014. Nearly 70 submissions were received from countries, development partners, civil society, academics and other interested stakeholders. The feedback was synthesized and reviewed at a meeting of country and global experts in Bellagio, Italy, in March 2014 (4). The paper was modified to reflect the views emerging from these consultations.
HealthCursor Consulting Group India- Distribution and Marketing- Mobile network operators in Africa have identified the growing demand for financial services and micro insurance . Airtel Africa has partnered with MicroEnsure for Mobile Micro Insurance. The range of Airtel-branded insurance products includes life, accident, health, agriculture, and other forms of cover.
Connecting intermediaries, customers and surveyors- ICICI Lombard India's mobile initiative started simply enough, with a set of basic applications that gave customers a consolidated view of all their policies, a reminder service to renew a policy, and a way to track the status of a claim. But as they matured with the mobile platform, they re-visited the paradigm and devised new ways to provide customers with more value-added and user-friendly features. This is however restricted to Auto insurance only.
Encryption, Transactions and handling customer grievance- Public sector general insurance company United India Insurance launched a mobile-based real-time fund transfer facility for payment of premium. M-Power enables customers to renew their policies and also remit the premium for approved proposals. To use this facility, one has to get an MMID (an identification number called - mobile money identifier) from his/her bank and enable one’s mobile with the application given by the bank. However, there are only 10 banks on board with this platform. This initiative follows the launch of its Internet-based sales, customer grievance portal and information-cum-sales kiosks.
Sales, awareness and providing access- Bima, a young Swedish microinsurance company, is using mobile phones to sell as many as three billion new insurance policies to the global poor. Bima, that has begun to access this untapped market, is now one of the largest mobile insurance platforms in the world. In just three years, Bima has acquired 4 million clients in Africa and Asia and is adding 400,000 new subscribers per month. Bima has been tackling many of the obstacles—education, pricing, premium collection—that prevent poor people from obtaining such benefits. For instance, Bima products such as life, accident and health insurance cost "as little as $0.20 to $6.00 a month. Last month, Leapfrog invested $4.25 million in Bima, which will allow the company to expand even further within Africa and Asia as well as reach into new markets in Latin America.
Women in Africa Leveraging ICT in Closing the Gender Gap through Ethics and V...ijtsrd
Significant shreds of evidence from literature revealed that women constitute half of the world’s human capital. Shreds of evidence also show that women have the potentials to redress gender gaps if empowered through Information and Communication Technology ICT , favourable laws, ethics, and values. Despite these important virtues, numerous investigations have shown significant gender gaps in internet use 23 , literacy rate 48.6 , pay gap 22 , political ambition, educational outcomes, etc., resulting majorly from restrictions placed by customary laws, ethics, and values that failed to incorporate no gender sensitive ICT policies in Africa. This study highlights the strategy to leverage the economic empowerment of women in Africa through ICT adoption, and favourable ICT policies, culture, ethics, and values. The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology UTAUT was adopted as the conceptual framework. In this study, the authors explored a narrative review methodology of related research findings from peer reviewed articles to draw holistic findings that revealed significant information on strategies for leveraging ICT in closing the gender gap. Results show that gender gaps may result from women diverting time for circular works, due to unfavorable customary laws, ethics, and values, to meet family responsibilities or having less control over finances, which negatively impact their affordability of ICTs. Results also show that empowering women in ICT may advance sustainable goals, leverage their literacy abilities for ICT adoption leverage ICT in closing gaps in gender discrepancy in sociability capital resources. Dr. Felix. C. Aguboshim | Ifeyinwa Nkemdilim, Obiokafor | Irene Nkechi, Onwuka "Women in Africa: Leveraging ICT in Closing the Gender Gap through Ethics and Values" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-6 , October 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd35721.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/other/35721/women-in-africa-leveraging-ict-in-closing-the-gender-gap-through-ethics-and-values/dr-felix-c-aguboshim
Digital Health a call for Government Leadership and cooperation between ICT a...3GDR
This document discusses the development of a national digital health strategy. It acknowledges the fragmented state of digital health currently and emphasizes the need for government leadership and cooperation between the health, ICT, and finance sectors to develop a strong national strategy. The strategy requires committed senior leadership and sustained financial resources. Case studies from eight countries demonstrate that success depends on strong intragovernmental cooperation across sectors. Clear governance mechanisms are also needed to support this cross-sectoral work. Developing a national strategy can help address fragmentation and facilitate standards and policies to support digital health solutions.
Handouts on Rapid Analysis of Innovation Response to Covid-19 Pandemic in Sou...KTN
The document provides an analysis of innovation responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in South Africa. It finds that coordination and collaboration were strongest where there was a common vision, decisive leadership, and mutual goals. Fragmentation was driven by a lack of linkages, funding, trust, and clear policies. The analysis identifies challenges faced by innovations and recommends future areas of focus like early-stage funding, affordable internet access, business training, and policy reviews to strengthen resilience.
Diseases do not respect boundaries Once diseases spread beyond a localized region, their expansion becomes exponential and difficult to contain. Early detection and containment by effective disease surveillance networks are critical to arresting pandemics in their early stages. Cross-country disease surveillance networks are a mechanism that encompass human resources deployment, rapid communication, and transparent collaboration for early detection and response to emerging diseases and pandemics.
The Deloitte Consumer Survey Consumer Review. Africa: A 21st century reviewKenyaSchoolReport.com
This document discusses opportunities for consumer businesses in Africa. It finds that Africa's economy is growing rapidly, driven by a rising middle class as wealth spreads beyond elites. The population is young and increasingly urban, and digital technologies are allowing Africans to adopt new services. A survey of youth in four African countries shows they are optimistic, brand-conscious, and engaged via mobile phones. While challenges remain, opportunities exist for companies willing to invest and innovate long-term in Africa's evolving consumer markets.
Foreign Direct Investment and Poverty Reduction in Nigeriainventionjournals
Despite the unique role of FDI flows in enhancing an economy, Nigeria poverty incidence still soars. Against this backdrop, this study investigated the effect of foreign direction investment on poverty reduction in Nigeria using an econometric model of the Ordinary Least Square (OLS). Findings revealed that foreign direct investment, trade openness, market size, foreign aids, exchange rate, external debt and technology are statistically significant in explaining poverty reduction in Nigeria. The study recommends among others that government should provide adequate infrastructure and policy framework that will be conducive for doing business in Nigeria in order to attract the inflow of FDI.
Media inattention for entrepreneurship in pakistanAlexander Decker
The document discusses media inattention for entrepreneurship in Pakistan. It analyzes data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor to show that while Pakistan has a large media sector, it pays relatively little attention to entrepreneurship compared to other countries. This low level of media attention is correlated with lower entrepreneurial intentions and fewer new businesses in Pakistan. The document argues that greater focus on entrepreneurs by Pakistani media could help foster an more entrepreneurial culture.
The life, medical, and health sciences represent a broad array of disciplines that generally involve the biology and health of people, plants, and animals. These fields, especially when the provision of medical care is included, make up an important and growing part of Michigan’s economy. Approximately 533,000 Michiganders were employed in one of these sectors in 2015, representing approximately one in eight jobs. Between 2011 and 2015, the sector added 21,000 jobs, with growth of 4.2 percent. While this growth is slower than the overall economy during this period, this slower growth is misleading. Michigan’s economy is still recovering from the sharp employment declines that occurred in the 2000s, a decline that the life, medical, and health sciences did not experience. Compared to its 2000 level, employment in the life, medical and health sciences is up 18.9 percent, while overall Michigan employment is still down 9.3 percent.1 The ability of the sector to grow while the rest of Michigan’s economy was contracting represents an important stabilizing force for the economy.
The document summarizes a workshop that discussed approaches to expanding health coverage and financial protection for those in the informal employment sector. Countries presented experiences implementing different financing mechanisms, including community-based health insurance in Rwanda and taxation in Thailand. Key conclusions were that understanding the local context is important, and that balancing centralized and decentralized functions can enhance equity and accountability.
Fast track, incestment spproach and transition funding to end aids epidemic b...PinHealth
This document discusses strategies for optimizing HIV/AIDS investments and fast-tracking the global AIDS response. It emphasizes focusing investments where they will have the greatest impact, such as prioritizing the regions and populations with the highest disease burdens. Addressing costs and improving efficiencies in service delivery can help scale up treatment and prevention services. Strategic, evidence-based allocation of resources is key to making progress toward global goals like 90-90-90 targets.
This document summarizes a study that investigated the effect of technology adoption on the growth of youth-owned micro and small enterprises (MSEs) in Kenya. The study found that the majority of youth-owned MSEs lacked the capacity to acquire new technology and were not able to improve their products or services through technological innovation. MSEs often maintained their original products and services without innovation. The study recommends that MSEs be provided financial support to acquire appropriate technologies to enhance business growth. Governments should also encourage MSEs to adopt new technologies in order to increase innovation and competitiveness.
An assesesment of the impact of microfinance schemes on poverty reduction amo...Alexander Decker
This document analyzes the impact of microfinance schemes on poverty reduction among women in Ghana. It discusses how microfinance institutions and NGOs in Ghana provide financial services like credit, savings, and insurance to help poor households start small businesses to improve their incomes and escape poverty. The study found that access to microfinance had a positive and significant impact on household income. It concluded that microfinance plays an important role in improving household incomes and remains a key part of development strategies by providing affordable financial services to rural populations. However, more innovative microfinance schemes are still needed that better support asset accumulation and wealth creation for clients.
This document discusses several mega trends driving opportunities in sub-Saharan Africa, including urbanization, the growth of mobile technology, new business models, healthcare improvements, energy development, and financial sector expansion. It defines mega trends as large-scale, long-term forces that impact societies and economies. The presentation then examines specific trends in more depth, such as the rise of mega cities and corridors, infrastructure development needs across sectors, and how mobile connectivity is helping connect more Africans.
This document analyzes recent efforts in the Philippines to harness information and communication technologies (ICT) to promote development and break an alleged "antidevelopment cycle." It provides an overview of the country's socioeconomic development strategies since 1986 and how ICT has been incorporated. National ICT plans from that period are examined, as are selected public sector ICT initiatives and the role of the private sector. While ICT adoption is growing, realizing its full potential remains challenging. The document argues that fully leveraging ICT for transformation will be key to the Philippines achieving genuine and sustainable development.
Fifty years ago, when the Pakistani military carried out a massacre against the people of East
Bangle, the freedom-loving people stood up and fought back
Advancing medical technology is improving patient care around the world. Emerging markets are seeing increasing demand for medical technology as populations age and healthcare costs rise. Developing countries spend less on healthcare than developed nations, but healthcare spending is projected to grow faster in emerging markets. Digitization of healthcare records and increased data sharing is facilitating adoption of new technologies. Global medical device revenues are projected to increase significantly by 2020 as emerging markets invest in new technologies and partnerships between different healthcare organizations expand.
The document discusses the challenges facing digital healthcare adoption in emerging markets. Traditional digital healthcare models from developed countries require large upfront costs that are prohibitive for emerging markets. However, emerging markets have an opportunity to "leapfrog" developed countries by adopting new digital healthcare models that are cloud-based, open source, integrated, mobile and social. These new models can help digitize healthcare at lower costs and faster timeframes, improving access, affordability, quality and safety of healthcare in emerging markets.
Digital healthcare leap pwc (emerging markets)Ashima Khurana
The document discusses the challenges facing digital healthcare adoption in emerging markets. Traditional digital healthcare models from developed countries require large upfront costs that are prohibitive for emerging markets. However, emerging markets have an opportunity to "leapfrog" developed countries by adopting new digital healthcare models that are cloud-based, open source, integrated, mobile and social. These new models can help digitize healthcare at lower costs and faster timeframes, improving access, affordability, quality and safety of healthcare in emerging markets.
Ivo Pezzuto - Making Healthcare Systems More Efficient and Sustainable in Eme...Dr. Ivo Pezzuto
This paper focuses on the potential opportunities that disruptive innovation may bring to the healthcare sector of emerging and developing economies, and in particular to the one of the leading Sub-Saharan Africa’s country, Nigeria. The author examines the possibility of using advancements in the innovation of Technology 4.0 to bridge the gap in access to what could be defined as “good enough” healthcare services for poorer regions of the world while also aiming to potentially reduce healthcare costs and making the local healthcare systems more sustainable, productive, and accessible. Nigerian health industry is used as an exploratory case study to examine the feasibility of implementing Mobile Health and Telehealth Systems, and more in general, to assess the potential benefits of disruptive innovations in the healthcare industry for the lower income patients of emerging and developing economies. This analysis on disruptive innovation, industry competitiveness, and sustainability of the healthcare models is inspired by Michael Porter’s Creating Shared Value (CSV) strategic framework (Porter et al., 2011; 2018) and by Clayton Christensen’s Disruptive Innovation Theory (Christensen et al., 1997; 2000; 2004; 2006; 2013; 2015, 2017). This study also aims to provide a compelling argument supporting the thesis that disruptive innovations in the healthcare system can help grant access to critical basic healthcare services in poor regions of the world while also achieving multiple goals such as, sustainability, efficiency, shared-value creation, and corporate profitability for forward-looking firms with scalable and disruptive business models. Ultimately, the paper aims to contribute to the body of knowledge in the field of disruptive innovation, sustainability, and creating shared-value strategies, assessing the feasibility of solutions that may drive to improved competitiveness, social progress, social inclusion, and sustainability of the healthcare industry in one of the developing economies. The results of this study aim to prove that, in the coming years, disruptive innovations are likely to redefine the competitive environment of the healthcare industry and improve the healthcare conditions of the poorer, underserved, and underreached population of developing and emerging economies like Nigeria, thus increasing their life expectancy rates.
'The Digital Healthcare Leap' highlights insights into how digital health could be an answer to the emerging markets’ challenge to achieve sustainable growth; and leapfrog the developed nations to provide quality, affordable, universal and patient-centric care.
With increased internet and smartphone penetration, and the arrival of new affordable technological solutions in the market, digital healthcare will eventually become a fundamental business imperative. The challenge to healthcare providers for the future, is to adapt and set strategies that leverage new technology while putting patients at the heart of everything they do.
mHealth Israel_Impact of Digital Innovations on Healthcare in Asia: 2020_Finn...Levi Shapiro
Report by Finn Partners: Impact of Digital Innovations on Healthcare in Asia- 2020. Deep-dive analysis across healthcare delivery, healthcare financing and healthcare discovery. Sections include Healthcare in the Digital Age, Digital health brings patient care to where it is needed the most, Innovative fintech solutions deliver affordable healthcare to Asia, More data and better insights delivered by AI and machine learning, Digital health is the future.
MENA’S HEALTH STARTUPS Unlocking the path to scale &
the future of healthcare .
Authors: William Altman, Habib Haddad, Elias Boustani, Kia Davis and Jamil Wyne.
For more information on this report or the Wamda Research Lab please contact research@wamda.com.
The 10 companies booming in healthcare sector smallinsightscare
Development is a continuous process in any sector. It brings in more comfort, more precision, and more enhanced way of living.Acknowledging the remarkable contribution of the leading companies in the care sector, we bring to you the special issue of “The 10 Companies Booming in Healthcare Sector”.
The 10 Companies Booming in Healthcare Sectorinsightscare
Acknowledging the remarkable contribution of the leading companies in the care sector, we bring to you the special issue of “The 10 Companies Booming in Healthcare Sector”. This edition portrays the inspiring stories of the listed pre-eminent organizations that are shaping the future of healthcare through innovation and dedication.
Service with character to creat customer value in indonesia pharmaceutical in...Moch Kurniawan
The document discusses trends in the global healthcare industry, including:
1) Healthcare expenditures are rising as populations age in Western countries, with prescription drug costs accounting for 10% of total healthcare spending.
2) Asia is becoming an increasingly important market, with many multinational companies moving business units and headquarters to countries like China and Singapore.
3) Technological advances and the use of mobile technologies are enabling new diagnostic and treatment options but also need to be implemented in a cost-effective manner to contain expenditures.
4) Aging populations and rising rates of chronic diseases are driving increased healthcare costs, while access to care remains inadequate in many parts of the world.
Future of Healthcare Provision Jan 2017Future Agenda
Building on insights from our 2015 future of health discussions, this is a new initial view on how healthcare provision may change, especially given emerging opportunities for improved patient engagement. As well as insights from discussions in India, UK, Canada, Singapore and the US it also includes other additional perspectives shared in interviews and workshops over the past 12 months.
We recognise that given the multi-factored nature of this topic and the rapid emergence of new options, what we have summarised in this document is itself in flux. As such, over the next few months we will be sharing this more widely for additional feedback ahead of publication of an updated paper over the summer. So, if you have any comments on changes and additions or issues that you think need more detail, please let us know and we will include.
As with all Future Agenda output, this is being published under creative commons (share alike non commercial) so you are free to share and quote as suits.
Healthcare is a complex system that covers processes of diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases. It constitutes a fundamental pillar of the modern society. Technology drives modern healthcare more than any other force. It has always been an integral part of healthcare delivery, enabling health care providers to use various tools to detect, diagnose, treat, and monitor patients. Digital natives are the generation who were born during the digital age. They now serve the healthcare industry as professionals or patients. Understanding their worldview and attitudes can help healthcare organizations create a productive and nurturing environment for everyone. This paper explores the behavior of digital natives in healthcare. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Uwakwe C. Chukwu | Abayomi Ajayi-Majebi | Sarhan M. Musa "Digital Natives in Healthcare" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-3 , April 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd49635.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/social-science/49635/digital-natives-in-healthcare/matthew-n-o-sadiku
Development of the digital economy started way before COVID-19. The exact date of the beginning may be defined in different ways, depending on different definitions of “digital economy.” The popularly understood “digital economy” phenomenon began when T-Mall was set up in 2003 and when Alipay came online in 2004. While the digital technology brings about the fourth industrial revolution, just like the steam engine, electrical machines, and computers, respectively.
'Converge' Report - The disruption of Healthcare in Southeast AsiaShu Jun Lim
- The document discusses how startups are disrupting healthcare in Southeast Asia through telehealth and digital platforms that connect patients to doctors, pharmacies, diagnostic services, and insurers.
- Some key startups highlighted include Halodoc, which facilitates thousands of daily online consultations in Indonesia, and MyDoc, which provides an integrated online and offline healthcare platform in Singapore.
- Specialist medical services and medical tourism are also being transformed as startups like Medical Departures and DocDoc create online marketplaces and tools to research and book niche treatments internationally.
- The growth of mobile internet and e-commerce in Southeast Asia is fueling this digital disruption of healthcare across the region.
1) Developed countries aim to increase patient accountability and focus on education and awareness programs to promote healthier lifestyles.
2) Developing countries struggle to meet basic healthcare demands of large populations due to limited funding and infrastructure.
3) Examples provided of successful programs in Finland and the US that use incentives and competitions to encourage physical activity and reduce chronic diseases.
Unit II Project Benefits of Organizational Diversity You a.docxmarilucorr
Unit II Project
Benefits of Organizational Diversity
You are the consultant assigned to study the organizational environment in the Miami, Florida, and the Kansas City, Missouri, offices. Both are service call centers for Fig Technologies. The workforces have a large cross-section of locals from the area, university graduates from nearby institutions, and transfers from other offices within the organization. The offices are facing issues in several areas.
The two offices have a friendly rivalry with regard to professional sports and local college teams. In the Florida office, there have been concerns raised, including some complaints that the rivalry has gone to extremes.
Contingent software developers in both offices from Brazil and South Africa have been unable to get people excited about fútbol instead of football. A few individuals in the Kansas City office have begun hanging out together and talking in the break areas about their relationships with same-sex partners, multiple partners, and some encounters of homosexual and heterosexual relationships together. A petition is circulating around the Kansas City office about these types of discussions being banned.
You are being sent to assess the environment and provide a report of your findings. The report should be in three sections:
1: assessment of findings in Miami, FL;
2: assessment of findings in Kansas City, MO; and
3: recommendation for addressing these findings to the Executive Leadership Council (ELC) for review.
In your assessment of findings, be sure to evaluate how organizational cultures are perceived and how problem solving and creativity are promoted with organizational diversity.
In your recommendations for the ELC, contrast the benefits and disadvantages of diversity, and establish the value of working through these issues to create a dynamic organizational culture.
How will you channel this diversity and help create a positive atmosphere?
Support your recommendation through the use of at least two sources, one of which can be the textbook. Content should be three to four pages in length. Length does not include an assessment tool, if used, though it may be added as an addendum (recommended, not required). All sources used, including the textbook, must be referenced; paraphrased and quoted material must have accompanying citations.
All references and citations used must be in APA style.
Have some fun with the assignment. Use your creative thinking along with your critical thinking to include your perspective of the findings and how to address the issue.
Discussion 14
Please paraphrase the previous one and Compare and contrast the governance, population access, and availability of technology and electronic health records to Saudi Arabia
· be sure to draw from, explore, and cite credible reference materials, including at least one scholarly peer-reviewed reference.
Due date 19/12/2017
HEALTH CARE SYSTEM IN THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES (UAE)
Int ...
Inclusive Innovation and Growth strategy- Healthcare IndiaRuchi Dass
Drug Discovery
Crowd Sourcing
Clinical Trials
Analytics
An “inclusive innovation strategy” is a set of policies that connects excluded populations to a nation’s innovation system. It complements frontier innovation by increasing the purchasing power and enhancing income-generating opportunities for the poor population.
This document provides an overview of the mobile health industry, including opportunities and barriers to growth. It discusses how mobile technology adoption has increased dramatically worldwide and among healthcare providers. This growth, along with digital health trends and patient empowerment, are driving significant investment in mobile health startups. However, challenges around business models, regulations, and interoperability are hindering widespread adoption. While mobile health innovations have potential to transform healthcare, changes are still needed for broad implementation and cost reductions.
Handouts on Rapid Analysis of Innovation Response to Covid-19 Pandemic in Nig...KTN
In January 2020, the World Health Organization confirmed that a novel coronavirus was the cause of a respiratory illness in a cluster in Wuhan, China. Since then, the virus has spread all over the world and the year 2020 has become synonymous with this spread and the global response to it.
Africa has not been spared, with the continent recording its first case in February 2020. This global pandemic has continued its devastation in Africa. By the end of June 2020, the situation in our three focus countries were as follows: Kenya (over 6,000 cases and 144 deaths), Nigeria (over 25,000 cases and over 570 deaths) and South Africa (over 150,000 cases and more than 2,650 deaths). This has led to many within the national innovation ecosystems in the three countries to look for ways to address the impacts of the pandemic.
In order to track the impact of the pandemic, AfriLabs and the KTN Global Alliance worked together to deliver a rapid analysis of innovation response to COVID-19 pandemic in Africa, with focus on Kenya, Nigeria and South Africa. The aim of the analysis was to inform the UK’s Department for International Development (DFID) and the KTN Global Alliance on how to render effective support to innovation systems in Africa to respond to the Covid-19 pandemic, as well as to provide lessons and best practices to strengthen the innovation response to future crises.
Similaire à Ivo Pezzuto - Disruptive Innovation and Healthcare: the Case of Nigeria - The Global Analyst Magazine April 2019 Issue (20)
Ivo Pezzuto - "World Economy. Resilience or Great Reset" Dr. Ivo Pezzuto
The document discusses the economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. It notes that while the pandemic will certainly leave lasting scars, it may also catalyze transformations like increased digitalization. The pandemic caused a historic contraction in the global economy as lockdowns halted activity. This has hit many companies and economies hard. There is uncertainty around how long the pandemic and its effects will last. The response from governments, central banks, and international organizations has involved massive stimulus measures to support public health and economic recovery. However, high global debt levels and risks to vulnerable emerging economies are major concerns going forward.
Ivo Pezzuto - World Economy. Resilience or Great Reset (The Global Analyst ma...Dr. Ivo Pezzuto
The Covid-19 pandemic, like other previous crises, will certainly leave lasting economic scars around the world in the years to come, but hopefully, it will also become the catalyst of a brighter and more sustainable future, thanks to the acceleration of industries’ transformation, digitalization, consolidation, reconfiguration of supply chains, productivity enhancements, and invention of new business models. The article aims to explore some of the greatest challenges facing the world economy in the post-COVID-19 era and the major casualties and potential risks related to dramatic externality.
The article also aims to highlight unique and specific fragilities at the onset of this pandemic crisis and the urgent need to address them in order to make the world economy more resilient.
Dr. Ivo Pezzuto's Profile, Publications, and Reviews (ISM and Harvard Affilia...Dr. Ivo Pezzuto
This document provides a summary of reviews and endorsements for the book "Predictable and Avoidable: Repairing Economic Dislocation and Preventing the Recurrence of Crisis" by Ivo Pezzuto. The book analyzes the causes of the 2007-2008 global financial crisis and proposes reforms to prevent future crises. It incorporates interviews with thought leaders and experts. Reviews praise the book for its unbiased, fact-based analysis and comprehensive explanation of the crisis origins and solutions. The book is recommended for academics, professionals, and students interested in the crisis.
Ivo pezzuto "Turning Globalization 4.0 Into a Real and Sustainable Success fo...Dr. Ivo Pezzuto
The new era of globalization, propelled by the rapid technological advancements and widespread concern for sustainable development goals, seems to be headed for a bright and promising future, driven by an unprecedented groundbreaking potential. It’s a very exciting moment for dynamic, highly competitive and innovative firms and startups to engage these days in international business, thanks to a vibrant and highly interconnected global business environment, eagerly driven knowledge-sharing communities, and ease of access to smart and seamless enabling technologies. Yet, globalization is currently facing also very serious challenges whose root causes seem to be deep and complex and if they are not fully understood and properly addressed by political leaders and multilateral institutions, they may potentially threaten to derail the existing world order. This article aims to provide a broad overview of the major opportunities and challenges of the new era of globalization and to stimulate reflections, debates, and possible new visions and strategic directions in order to create a more sustainable, socially inclusive, competitive, innovation-driven, and prosperous future for all stakeholders in the global market.
Ivo Pezzuto - Globalization 4.0. Juggling with Opportunties and Challenges (T...Dr. Ivo Pezzuto
Article published on the February 2019 issue of the Global Analyst Magazine of IUP Publications, A Division of ICFAI - The Institute of Chartered Financial Analysts of India (ICFAI), India
(Ivo Pezzuto) Turning Globalization 4.0 into a Real and Sustainable Success f...Dr. Ivo Pezzuto
This document provides an overview and analysis of the opportunities and challenges of the current era of globalization, known as Globalization 4.0. It discusses how technological innovation presents major opportunities for businesses but also risks like job disruption. It also examines challenges like rising inequality, debt levels, and economic uncertainty. The document advocates for reforms to global governance and business strategies like Creating Shared Value to promote sustainability and social inclusion and ensure globalization benefits all stakeholders.
Ivo Pezzuto on the EU integration Process: "More Catalonias to Come. Spain a ...Dr. Ivo Pezzuto
It is a system that rewards the most competitive countries such The Eurozone is an economic area and its closer integration rewards the stronger and more competitive economies while it penalizes the weaker ones without mechanism of stronger integration, risk sharing, social cohesion, fiscal transfer, and the effective implementation of structural reforms to boost the weaker countries level of productivity and competitiveness.
Ivo Pezzuto: "Despite Legislative Setbacks, Trump Winning War on Regulations"Dr. Ivo Pezzuto
President Trump might not be winning when it comes to shuing legislation through Congress, but the same cannot be said when it comes to regulatory rollback.
Ivo Pezzuto - Eurozone Recovery: Is It Sustainable? (July 2017)Dr. Ivo Pezzuto
This article addresses the topic of the surprise European Economy recovery in 2017 and its possible implications. The article aims to provide a broad and comprehensive understanding of the triggering factors that have contributed to this unexpected economic revival and to the slow and uneven economic recovery in Europe after the Global Financial Crisis of 2008 and the Great Recession. The article also aims to highlight the potential downside risks related to the still unsolved structural issues that caused the debt overhang and macroeconomic imbalances in Europe in the past decade. Thus, the European Union and the Eurozone seem to be on course for a potential brighter future in the years to come but internal and external risks might still undermine the path to sustained growth, full economic recovery, and stronger integration in the region unless proper political, economic, fiscal, and monetary governance and policies are assured to make the euro area more resilient to future systemic shocks.
Ivo Pezzuto's Keynote Speech at the ICTF Krakow Symposium 2017Dr. Ivo Pezzuto
Keynote Speaker: Dr. Ivo Pezzuto is an internationally recognized global market and scenario analyst and writer. He is the author of 'Predictable and Avoidable. Repairing Economic Dislocation and Preventing the Recurrence of Crisis', a new book classified as 'an insightful, unbiased and fulsome analysis' by The Economist; a 'powerful, amazing, and groundbreaking analysis' by IESE Business School, and 'research essential' by Baker & Taylor YBP Library Services. Currently he is Professor of Global Economics and Strategic Management for the Master and Doctoral Programs at the International School of Management (ISM) of Paris; Adjunct Professor of Business Economics and Management and International Business at the Catholic University of Milan; Visiting Professor at IAE Nice Sophia-Antipolis; Professor of Business Administration at the Swiss Management Centre University of Zug and a Speaker and Lecturer of Executive Development Programs and Advisor to Multinational Companies. He is also an Economics Commentator, Columnist and a Regular Contributor to news agencies and international TV broadcasting networks, such as CNBC, Bloomberg/Business Week and The Wall Street Journal.
Ivo Pezzuto's Presentation of Book "Predictable and Avoidable: lessons learne...Dr. Ivo Pezzuto
Prof. Ivo Pezzuto's Presentation at the ICTF Prague 2014 Symposium titled: "Predictable and Avoidable: lessons learned from the recent financial crises and how to help prevent the next one."
Ivo Pezzuto's Keynote Speech at the ICTF Prague Symposium 2014 Dr. Ivo Pezzuto
Keynote Speaker: Dr. Ivo Pezzuto is the author of Predictable and Avoidable. Repairing Economic Dislocation and Preventing the Recurrence of Crisis, a new book classified as “an insightful, unbiased and fulsome analysis” by The Economist; a “powerful, amazing, and groundbreaking analysis” by IESE Business School, and “research essential” by Baker & Taylor YBP Library Services. Currently he is Guest Lecturer for
the International MBA Program at the MIP Politecnico di Milano, Adjunct Professor of Business Economics and Management and International Business at the Catholic University of Milan, Professor of Business Administration at the Swiss Management Centre University, Speaker and
Lecturer of Executive Development Programs, Advisor to multinational firms, and economic commentator/contributor with CNBC Europe.
The document discusses sustainable capitalism and describes what is required for a solid and pure form of capitalism. It states that capitalism requires a healthy democracy, social consciousness, philanthropy, reduced inequality, a truly productive and competitive free market, sustainable globalization, innovation and long-term growth strategies. However, it notes that capitalism should avoid reckless deregulation, regulatory loopholes, inadequate governance and oversight, crippling bureaucracy, unfair global competition, and opportunistic deceptive business practices aimed at short-termism.
Ivo Pezzuto - Venezuela: Crisis in Caracas. The Global Analyst Magazine June ...Dr. Ivo Pezzuto
Venezuela is facing its worst economic crisis in decades due to a collapse in global oil prices, which has severely impacted the oil-dependent country. The crisis has led to shortages of food, medicine and other basic goods. High inflation and currency controls have further exacerbated problems. If oil prices do not rise or the crisis worsens, Venezuela risks defaulting on its debt.
Threats to mobile devices are more prevalent and increasing in scope and complexity. Users of mobile devices desire to take full advantage of the features
available on those devices, but many of the features provide convenience and capability but sacrifice security. This best practices guide outlines steps the users can take to better protect personal devices and information.
Communications Mining Series - Zero to Hero - Session 1DianaGray10
This session provides introduction to UiPath Communication Mining, importance and platform overview. You will acquire a good understand of the phases in Communication Mining as we go over the platform with you. Topics covered:
• Communication Mining Overview
• Why is it important?
• How can it help today’s business and the benefits
• Phases in Communication Mining
• Demo on Platform overview
• Q/A
Enchancing adoption of Open Source Libraries. A case study on Albumentations.AIVladimir Iglovikov, Ph.D.
Presented by Vladimir Iglovikov:
- https://www.linkedin.com/in/iglovikov/
- https://x.com/viglovikov
- https://www.instagram.com/ternaus/
This presentation delves into the journey of Albumentations.ai, a highly successful open-source library for data augmentation.
Created out of a necessity for superior performance in Kaggle competitions, Albumentations has grown to become a widely used tool among data scientists and machine learning practitioners.
This case study covers various aspects, including:
People: The contributors and community that have supported Albumentations.
Metrics: The success indicators such as downloads, daily active users, GitHub stars, and financial contributions.
Challenges: The hurdles in monetizing open-source projects and measuring user engagement.
Development Practices: Best practices for creating, maintaining, and scaling open-source libraries, including code hygiene, CI/CD, and fast iteration.
Community Building: Strategies for making adoption easy, iterating quickly, and fostering a vibrant, engaged community.
Marketing: Both online and offline marketing tactics, focusing on real, impactful interactions and collaborations.
Mental Health: Maintaining balance and not feeling pressured by user demands.
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Ivo Pezzuto - Disruptive Innovation and Healthcare: the Case of Nigeria - The Global Analyst Magazine April 2019 Issue
1. | The Global ANALYST || April 2019 |48
Disruptive innovation in healthcare sector offers potential opportunities to developing countries like Nigeria,
which are in urgent need of low-cost, efficient and sustainable healthcare solutions that are easily accessible
to the masses.
I N T E R N A T I O N A L
The Case of Nigeria
Disruptive Innovation and Healthcare
IvoPezzuto
ProfessorofGlobalEconomics
and Disruptive Innovation,
International School of Management, Paris
Image:UNICEF,Canada
N
igerian health industry is used
as an exploratory case study to
examine the feasibility of
implementing Remote Patient Moni-
toring (RPM) systems and the potential
benefits of disruptive innovations in
the healthcare industry for the lower in-
come patients of emerging economies.
This analysis on disruptive innovation,
industry competitiveness, and sustain-
ability of the healthcare models is in-
spired by Michael Porter’s Creating
SharedValue(CSV)strategicframework.
The Nigerian healthcare sector
The Nigerian healthcare sector is cur-
rently experiencing a lot of challenges.
The quality of healthcare is at an all-
time low and the life expectancy is ap-
proximately 55 years, one of the lowest
in Africa (WHO, 2019). Nigeria was
ranked low (140th
position out of 195
countries) in the Global Healthcare
Ranking. The global healthcare ranking
is based on a qualification of personal
access and quality for 195 countries and
territories from 1990 to 2015 (The
Guardian, 2017).
In a study published by The Lancet
on the Healthcare Access and Quality
Index, out of the 32 diseases for which
death rates were tracked—which in-
clude tuberculosis and other respira-
tory infections; illnesses that can be
2. | The Global ANALYST | 49| April 2019 |
prevented with vaccines (diphtheria,
whooping cough, tetanus and measles);
and several forms of treatable cancer
and heart disease and maternal and
neonatal disorders—Nigeria lagged far
behind most other African countries
(The Guardian, 2017).
The result of The Lancet study
showed that while many countries im-
proved over the period of observation,
many, especially, in Africa and Oceania,
fell further behind in providing basic
care for their citizens (The Guardian,
2017).
The state of healthcare delivery in
Nigeria seems appalling and there has
been too much national lamentation for
too long concerning the country’s poor
health infrastructure, poor remunera-
tion for doctors, inadequate adminis-
tration, and insufficient government
funding. Nigeria has some of the best
medical doctors and health practitio-
ners in the world, but unfortunately, it
seems that most of those highly edu-
cated and talented medical profession-
als are out in foreign countries excelling
where the conditions and atmosphere
are more favorable. Nigerians, who can
afford it, continue to flock to foreign
countries to seek medical help, while
the poor are left with no option than to
seek low-quality healthcare services
provided at national level (The Guard-
ian, 2017).
What is disruptive innovation?
The term disruptive innovation is fre-
quently associated with the theoretical
framework introduced by Clayton
Christensen in 1995, which has been
widely referred to as one of the most in-
fluential business ideas of the 21st
cen-
tury. Christensen defined disruptive in-
novation as an innovation that targets
a new market or the low end of the mar-
ket, thus creating a new value network,
which gains a foothold in the target
markets and eventually grows and im-
proves over time (typically through a
process of technological upgrading) un-
til it eventually displaces well-estab-
lished leading firms of the market and
their products or service (Christensen et
al., 2015). Christensen’s most used il-
lustration of this theoretical framework
is represented by the impact of the dis-
ruptive advent of the personal comput-
ers on the Mainframe computers indus-
try. The large mainframe computers
were originally massive in size and not
so user-friendly and very expensive and
therefore only available to a few. The
emergence of the personal computer, re-
placing the mainframes, has disrupted
the computer market, being very low
priced, user-friendly, and now owned by
most individuals and firms. In today’s
era of digital revolution and 4.0 technol-
ogy transformation, more product cat-
egories and industries are constantly
disrupted, thanks to quick, agile, lean,
convenient,andgroundbreaking innova-
tions and strategies. For example, tab-
lets, latest mobile devices and app-
based services, and advanced techno-
logical solutions based on big data, ma-
chine learning, deep learning, IoT, vir-
tual and augmented reality, cognitive
computing systems, multisensory in-
terfaces, and AI-based technologies are
completely redefining the perimeter of
entire industries, disintermediating
distribution channels, often driving to
industry convergence, disrupting indus-
tries’ incumbents, and creating new di-
mensions of customer experiences, cus-
tomer expectations, mass customiza-
tion, and interaction with customers
and value networks through social me-
dia, communities of experts, open inno-
vation models, and digital transforma-
tion models. In the mobile era,
smartphones and tablets, for example,
are becoming devices of disruption of
traditional personal computers and
traditional firms’ business models
based on the “brick and mortar” distri-
bution of products and services; on the
traditional concept of product owner-
ship versus access and use of shared re-
sources; on the concept of sustainability
and the ecological impact of resource
utilization; or on the individual use of
products and services versus the online
and real-time need to share personal
digital and physical in-store experi-
ences with other members of a digital
community and with the surrounding
environment (i.e., IoT devices, multi-
sensory interfaces, and AI-based tech-
nologies).
Disruptive versus sustaining
innovation in healthcare
Disruptive innovation has erupted in
almost all industries including media,
telecom, finance, retail. New technolo-
gies, new business models and competi-
tion have given rise to more affordable,
BurgeoningPopulation
NigeriaCouldHavetheWorld’sThirdLargestPopulationby2050
Source:UnitedNationsPopulationStatistics,2017
Disruptive Innovation and Healthcare
3. | The Global ANALYST || April 2019 |50
easy-to-use, and accessible products
and disintermediation of the distribu-
tion channels. This has not been the
case for many years in the healthcare
industry globally. More recently, as
technology advances in healthcare,
there has been in many countries a
steady rise in the cost of healthcare.
Traditional players in the healthcare
industry have been engaging mostly in
sustaining innovation, investing more
in making more sophisticated and ex-
pensive products for their best custom-
ers, although in recent times major de-
velopments and disruptive business
models have been experimented by
highly innovative startups and giant
tech companies in the USA, China, and
other leading nations in the technologi-
cal innovation. Healthcare has there-
fore become quite expensive and not
easily accessible in many geographical
areas of the world, and thus it is in ur-
gent need of disruptive innovation and
is said to be ripe for disruption. Accord-
ing to Christensen et al. (Christensen,
2017), high costs and uneven levels of
access are typical hallmarks for an in-
dustry that is ripe for disruption. This
article therefore seeks to examine ways
in which the healthcare industry can be
disrupted in a developing country using
the case of Nigeria.
Christensen et al., (Christensen,
2017) further argue that the health in-
dustry needs to have courage to inno-
vate their business models, breaking
away from traditional sustaining inno-
vation models to a more value-based
model, accepting short-term financial
risk in exchange for long-term success.
Also, promoting disruption in
healthcare gives better value at low
cost, promoting customer satisfaction,
profitability for long-term business suc-
cess and overall, leading to a better
quality of life for the general population
in the form of lower mortality rates, in-
fant mortality rates, and premature
deaths from stroke and heart failure,
and so on.
Why Nigeria? – Environmental
analysis
Nigeria is a so-called “emerging mar-
ket” of the African continent which has
experienced in the last decade rapid
population growth, rapid urbanization,
growth in the middle class, increasing
foreign direct investments and rela-
tively stable political environment. Ni-
geria has been identified as a regional
power in Africa, with one of the stron-
gest economies in the region, and it is
expected to become one of the world’s
top 20 economies by 2050. (World Bank,
2016). Nigeria is still a promising
economy, although currently (early
2019) it is in the middle of a transition
phase of slower economic growth and it
seems to be facing a number of social,
economic, institutional, and political
challenges. In fact, Africa’s most popu-
lated country with approximately 190
million of inhabitants (51.0% of the
population is urban and the median age
in Nigeria is 17.9 years), according to
recent demographic trends projections,
is expected to become the third most
populous country in the world by 2050
(IMF, 2018).
Based on the historical track record
of economic growth (10-year average an-
nual GDP growth of 4.8 %), the country
seems to have a solid potential for fur-
ther robust economic development in
the future. Yet, in recent years, its
economy has been negatively affected
by falling oil prices and probably by
some policy errors, which have led to
declining gross domestic product per
capita. Yet, even in the future, the coun-
try is likely to face important
sustainability challenges if the lack of
reforms and institutional fragilities
continue to undermine its potential
bright growth prospects.
Given below are some key figures
about the country’s economic and social
conditions as of 2018, based on indica-
tors of the World Economic Forum 2018
Global Competitiveness Index: Envi-
ronmental footprint expressed in global
hectare/capita (gha/capita) is 1.1; Inclu-
sive Development Index 1-7 (best) is
3.1; Global Gender Gap Index 0-1 (gen-
der parity) is 0.6; Income Gini 0 (perfect
equality) -100 (perfect inequality) is 43
(WEF, 2018).
Furthermore, widespread corrup-
tion and the absence of peace and secu-
rity in many regions also represent
challenges to economic growth, prosper-
ity and the effort to eradicate extreme
poverty in the country, as well as the
need to improve basic infrastructures
for development and to attract Foreign
Direct Investment (FDI). Nigeria is still
a country largely dependent on the oil
industry. Oil sector contribution to
Nigeria’s Gross Domestic Product
(GDP) in 2018 was approximately 10%
of total real GDP and well over 80% of
Nigeria’s total exports. Nigeria, the eco-
TelehealthandItsComponents
Source:IngeniumTelehealthBusinessPlan(2017)
International
4. | The Global ANALYST | 51| April 2019 |
nomic and commercial hub of West Af-
rica, is the second largest African export
market. Diversification from oil depen-
dency is certainly necessary and inevi-
table, although it remains still an un-
certain and challenging scenario given
the productivity issues in the country,
low and falling government revenues,
and the need for more infrastructural
investments (Nairametrics, 2018).
Disruptive innovation in
healthcare and the role of
telemedicine
It is widely accepted that innovation in
health care is the key to transformation
in the sector. Innovation will contribute
significantly to lowering cost, growth,
and improving the quality of healthcare
delivery. Disruptive innovation might
offer low-cost solutions that would be
easily accessible and simple to use tar-
geting the low end of the market. A dis-
ruptive innovation in healthcare in low-
income countries can make a huge im-
pact on meeting the needs of a huge
number of the population, as these re-
gions have a high number of low-income
earners. Nigeria needs low-cost
healthcare solutions that will be easily
accessible to the masses. New techno-
logical innovations in healthcare can of-
fer huge opportunities for transforming
lives, but these technologies must be
low-cost in order to be feasible and
implementable in developing nations.
Telemedicine has been highlighted
as a very effective low-cost technological
innovation that offers huge opportuni-
ties for developing nations, including Ni-
geria. Telemedicine is generally defined
as the provision of healthcare through a
combination of telecommunications and
multimedia technologies with medical
expertise and thus includes the use of
computer technologies, remote sensing
and monitoring, and telemetry devices
(Pereira, 2017). Telehealth supports the
delivery of healthcare, public health, and
health education services at a distance,
as well as provides a collaboratory plat-
form for sharing knowledge and exper-
tise and engaging communities in par-
ticipatory research.
Telemedicine can be a workable so-
lution to the shortfall in skilled medical
specialists and limited access to qual-
ity healthcare in rural areas through
provision of services such as digital
health, video consultations, remote pa-
tient monitoring. The rapid advance-
ment in telecommunications in the Af-
rican continent has opened up avenues
for improving medical care to
underserved populations. (Sarfo et al.,
2017, Adenuga et al., 2017). Mobile
health (mHealth), a term used for
healthcare delivery via mobile devices,
has gained attention as an innovative
technology for better access to
healthcare and support for performance
of health workers (Lee et al., 2017).
It seems to be a quite likely future
scenario with the rapid expansion of vir-
tual health and telemedicine 4.0; never-
theless, in spite of a potential wave of
groundbreaking disruptive innovations
in emerging and developing markets, it
is also likely that self-service
telehealth apps incorporating artificial
intelligence into the process will remain
a hybrid model, involving some form of
human interaction (Roth, 2018).
Mobile health (mHealth) devices,
consisting of wearable sensors that can
track and transmit to providers in real
time patient parameters ranging from
biochemical measurements to move-
ment and balance, are becoming less
obtrusive and gaining patient accep-
tance. Telemedicine also includes Re-
mote-monitoring devices which allow
patients to connect with telehealth
nurses from their homes or from a com-
munity setting, such as a senior center.
Some systems allow real-time commu-
nication, using videoconferencing, while
others require the patient to use a touch
screen to answer questions.
Telemedicine also includes remote
physical assessment peripherals, such
as pulse oximeters, weight scales,
sphygmomanometers, blood glucose
monitors, medication-tracking equip-
ment, and even “intelligent toilets”
(that collect data on weight, blood pres-
sure, and urine glucose). Finally,
telemedicine involves also personal
health record apps for mobile devices
which not only hold patient-entered in-
formation, such as health history and
medication reminders, but also collect
environmental information on asthma
triggers such as smog or allergens and
monitor respirations, sending alerts of
impending asthma symptoms (Grady,
2019). Telehealth encompasses four
distinct service modalities: Store-and-
Forward; Live and Interactive Video;
Remote Patient Monitoring; and Pa-
tient Engagement Mobile Apps.
1. Store-and-forward (asynchronous) in-
volves the transmission of multime-
dia medical data from one provider to
another for clinical evaluation outside
of a real-time interaction.
2. Live and interactive video (synchro-
nous) involves two-way live audiovi-
sual interaction between a con-
sumer and provider by computer,
phone, or home health monitoring
devices.
3. Remote patient monitoring involves
transfer of personal health and
medical data from a community set-
ting to a remote provider for moni-
toring and providing related sup-
port.
4. Patient engagement mobile apps in-
volve the use of wearable sensors,
smartphone apps, and other mobile
monitoring and communication de-
vices to provide consumers with in-
teractive care education and out-
reach services (TTRN, 2017).
Telemedicine is relatively well es-
tablished in countries such as the
United States and Australia, and there
is a growing interest in it among devel-
oping countries, where problems of
transport and access to healthcare fa-
cilities make telemedicine an attrac-
tive proposition (Chen et al., 2013).
There has been a good number of
telemedicine projects in Africa, most of
them being pilot test or done at a very
small scale.
Main drivers and enabling factors
for RPM business in Nigeria
With the rapid growth of its population,
Africa has also seen an increase in the
chronic disease population, higher de-
mand for home health monitoring and
use of wearable devices, especially
among the middle class in Africa. On the
other hand, Sub-Saharan Africa is fore-
casted to be the fastest growing region in
the world (Deloitte, 2015). Also, there is
Disruptive Innovation and Healthcare
5. | The Global ANALYST || April 2019 |52
Reference # 20M-2019-04-10-01
steady growth in its middle-class popula-
tion and disposable income. Further-
more, Africa, including Nigeria, has seen
increased infrastructural development in
recent times, especially due to increased
foreign direct investment from China and
other nations. In a recent article,
McKinsey & Co. has defined Africa as
“one of the 21st
century’s great growth op-
portunities”(byLeke,Chironga,Desvaux,
2018). There has been increasing techno-
logical development, access to internet,
development of high-quality networks,
use of mobile devices and mobile apps.
Mobile penetration rates in many Sub-
Saharan countries are rapidly getting
closetoexceeding80%andthepopulation
is starting to use mobile phones not only
as basic communication tools but also to
improve and integrate business and ser-
vices (World Bank, 2016).
Furthermore, Sub-Saharan Africa,
in spite of the fact that it has less devel-
oped infrastructures compared to other
areas of the world, can rely on a very
high mobile network coverage (Deloitte,
2015). Improved network coverage, the
launch of 3G—and of 4G—together with
the possibilities provided by Wi-Fi, has
increased mobile connectivity in Sub-
Saharan Africa. Despite a slow start of
broadband penetration (4G) in the
country, Nigeria’s regulator, Nigerian
Communications Commission (NCC),
is planning for the roll-out of 5G net-
works in the country from 2020 onwards
(Shi, 2018). The growth rate of the mo-
bile market in Sub-Saharan Africa is
one of the highest worldwide. Conse-
quently, mobile-cellular penetration
rates are relatively high compared to
other emerging markets as well as
some advanced economies (ITU, 2017).
All these are fundamental factors of the
technological and infrastructural envi-
ronment that might enable RPM busi-
ness to grow and succeed in Nigeria and
other African countries.
Majorpotentialbenefitsandfuture
opportunitiesfromthisvaluedisruptive
innovation
Telemedicine and RPM in Africa have
so far produced positive outcomes such
as improved care, better awareness and
education. These projects, when scaled
up, will lead to an overall strengthening
of the healthcare system, reduction in
diseases and deaths, and improvement
in the general wellbeing of the people.
Areas where significant gains could
be made are explained below:
Cost savings and better health out-
comes: The model will result in
cheaper and better healthcare for both
care providers and patients, through
prevention of readmissions, better
post-treatment care, better preventive
measures and improved follow-up and
monitoring of health conditions. With
more persons being able to access
healthcare, it is expected that overall it
will lead to better health outcomes,
lower mortality rates, including infant
and maternal mortality rates, and in
the long run, to a better quality of life for
the people.
Data collection/transfer and report-
ing: In many African countries, the
quality of health information systems
tends to be poor due to existent infor-
mation systems, data incompleteness,
untimeliness and inadequate analysis.
RPM systems will provide an effective
medium for data collection and storage.
Disease surveillance and interven-
tion monitoring: The burden of rising
diseases in Africa, including chronic,
communicable and non-communicable
diseases, continuously challenges the
already over-stretched health systems.
Improved health monitoring will help
strengthen disease surveillance and
thereby contribute to prompt treatment
and eradication.
Health education: Results of studies
show that RPM solutions can be used as
a platform for education, creating
awareness and training for both medi-
cal and non-medical personnel, pa-
tients, community health workers and
the general public.
Future outlook
Analysts have predicted further disrup-
tion in the global health sector based on
rapid technological advancements such
as big data, artificial intelligence, etc.
For example, heightened awareness on
the ‘big data’ approach to collation and
analysis of health data across world
countries is expected to further bridge
the gap between healthcare delivery,
policy response and population health
outcomes across cities, countries and
continents (Wyber et al., 2015; Adeloye
et al., 2016). It is expected that in-
creased exchange of high quality data
and information within the health sec-
tor will further enhance the use of RPM
and other digital solutions and ulti-
mately enhance overall patients’ care
and improve health workers’ efficiency
in both low- and middle-income coun-
tries. The distributed ledger methodol-
ogy, known as blockchain, is piquing in-
terest in the healthcare industry as or-
ganizations search for more secure and
trusted strategies for managing big
data. Current uses for blockchain have
included the creation of a truly longitu-
dinal health record controlled entirely
by the individual and a more robust pa-
tient matching and identification sys-
tem that improves patient safety. As
awareness and research grows, more
uses of blockchain are expected to be de-
veloped, leading to better exchange ca-
pacities between hospitals, providers
and payers (Mettler, 2016; and
Bresnick, 2017).
Blockchain and its distributed led-
ger technology may give patients more
control of their data; improve reliabil-
ity, security and accuracy of data record-
ing; and help reduce costs. Blockchain-
based electronic health systems may
create significant improvements in
medical records management. Mshali
et al. (2018) highlighted the role of ma-
chine learning in enhancing the effi-
ciency of sensor data analysis in health
monitoring activities. Machine learning
is also giving rise to more sophisticated
image diagnostic tools, helping physi-
cians make more accurate diagnosis
and treatment recommendations.
Other health applications that are
gaining momentum are personalized
medicine and automatic recommenda-
tions. Health recommendations and
disease treatments are tailored based
on their medical history, genetic lin-
eage, past conditions, diet, and stress
levels. Also on the rise are proactive dis-
ease prevention, performance improve-
ment and autonomous robotic surgeries
(Fagella, 2018).
(The author thanks Zoe Uzoezi Osagie,
Research Scholar, ISM, for her contribu-
tions to this article.)
International