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This document discusses the use of modal verbs (must, may, might, can't, could, should, shouldn't) followed by the verb "have" and a past participle to talk about certainty, possibility, impossibility, alternatives, and criticism regarding past events. Specifically, it explains that: 1) "Must have" expresses certainty about something that happened in the past based on logic or deduction. 2) "May/might/could have" suggests possibility but uncertainty about something that happened in the past. 3) "Can't have" indicates something is 100% impossible or untrue about the past. 4) "Could have" refers to alternatives in the past that
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Future perfect and future continuous
This document discusses the future continuous and future perfect tenses in English. It provides examples of how to use each tense, including sample sentences using verbs in brackets that are filled in to demonstrate the tenses. Exercises are also included for readers to practice forming sentences using the future continuous and future perfect tenses. Key differences between the tenses are that the future continuous describes an action that will be in progress at a specific time in the future, while the future perfect describes an action that will be completed by a certain time in the future.
Past perfect tense x past perfect continuous
This document provides instruction on how to form and use the past perfect tense and past perfect continuous tense in English. It explains that the past perfect tense is formed using "had" plus the past participle of the main verb, and is used to refer to actions completed before something else in the past or to provide reasons for past actions. The past perfect continuous tense is formed using "had been" plus the present participle of the main verb, and is used to refer to actions that started in the past and continued up to another past event or the cause of something in the past. Examples are given for affirmative, negative, and question forms for both tenses.
Past Simple
This document provides information about forming and using the past simple tense in English. It discusses two types of verbs - regular and irregular. For regular verbs, the simple past is formed by adding "-ed" to the base verb. Irregular verbs have unique past forms that must be memorized. The document provides examples of forming affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences in the past simple tense. It also lists five common uses of the past simple tense, such as describing completed past actions and past habits.
Second conditional
The document discusses the second conditional, which is a grammatical structure used to talk about improbable or hypothetical situations and their consequences. It uses "if" clauses with past tense verbs followed by main clauses with "would" expressing what might happen. Examples are provided such as "If I won the lottery, I would buy a big house" and "I would go on a trip if I had more money." The structure and examples demonstrate how to express what someone would do if some unlikely event occurred.
Passive voice present & past simple
This document discusses the passive voice and how it differs from the active voice. It notes that the passive voice focuses on the action rather than the subject performing the action. It provides examples of sentences in the active and passive voice. It also outlines the grammatical form of the passive voice, including using forms of "to be" plus the past participle and making the object of the active sentence the subject of the passive sentence.
Perfect Modal Verbs
The document discusses the usage of perfect modal verbs including: must have, can't have, may/might/could have, could have/couldn't have, should have, would have, and will have. It provides examples of how each modal verb is used to express certainty, possibility, ability, expectations, desires, and future completion when referring to past actions or situations.
Used to
The document provides examples of sentences using the grammatical structure "used to + infinitive" including affirmative, negative, and question forms. It gives sample sentences such as "I used to live in a flat when I was a child" and "She used to love eating chocolate, but now she hates it" to demonstrate how to form sentences in the past tense discussing habitual or repeated actions that are no longer true.
Causatives
The document discusses causatives, which are used to express that one person causes another person or thing to do something. It identifies three main causative verbs - get, have, and make - and provides examples of their use and structures. Get implies convincing someone to do something. Have implies giving instructions. Make implies creating an obligation. Causatives allow one to express that an action was caused by another party.
Recommandé
Future perfect and future continuous
This document discusses the future continuous and future perfect tenses in English. It provides examples of how to use each tense, including sample sentences using verbs in brackets that are filled in to demonstrate the tenses. Exercises are also included for readers to practice forming sentences using the future continuous and future perfect tenses. Key differences between the tenses are that the future continuous describes an action that will be in progress at a specific time in the future, while the future perfect describes an action that will be completed by a certain time in the future.
Past perfect tense x past perfect continuous
This document provides instruction on how to form and use the past perfect tense and past perfect continuous tense in English. It explains that the past perfect tense is formed using "had" plus the past participle of the main verb, and is used to refer to actions completed before something else in the past or to provide reasons for past actions. The past perfect continuous tense is formed using "had been" plus the present participle of the main verb, and is used to refer to actions that started in the past and continued up to another past event or the cause of something in the past. Examples are given for affirmative, negative, and question forms for both tenses.
Past Simple
This document provides information about forming and using the past simple tense in English. It discusses two types of verbs - regular and irregular. For regular verbs, the simple past is formed by adding "-ed" to the base verb. Irregular verbs have unique past forms that must be memorized. The document provides examples of forming affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences in the past simple tense. It also lists five common uses of the past simple tense, such as describing completed past actions and past habits.
Second conditional
The document discusses the second conditional, which is a grammatical structure used to talk about improbable or hypothetical situations and their consequences. It uses "if" clauses with past tense verbs followed by main clauses with "would" expressing what might happen. Examples are provided such as "If I won the lottery, I would buy a big house" and "I would go on a trip if I had more money." The structure and examples demonstrate how to express what someone would do if some unlikely event occurred.
Passive voice present & past simple
This document discusses the passive voice and how it differs from the active voice. It notes that the passive voice focuses on the action rather than the subject performing the action. It provides examples of sentences in the active and passive voice. It also outlines the grammatical form of the passive voice, including using forms of "to be" plus the past participle and making the object of the active sentence the subject of the passive sentence.
Perfect Modal Verbs
The document discusses the usage of perfect modal verbs including: must have, can't have, may/might/could have, could have/couldn't have, should have, would have, and will have. It provides examples of how each modal verb is used to express certainty, possibility, ability, expectations, desires, and future completion when referring to past actions or situations.
Used to
The document provides examples of sentences using the grammatical structure "used to + infinitive" including affirmative, negative, and question forms. It gives sample sentences such as "I used to live in a flat when I was a child" and "She used to love eating chocolate, but now she hates it" to demonstrate how to form sentences in the past tense discussing habitual or repeated actions that are no longer true.
Causatives
The document discusses causatives, which are used to express that one person causes another person or thing to do something. It identifies three main causative verbs - get, have, and make - and provides examples of their use and structures. Get implies convincing someone to do something. Have implies giving instructions. Make implies creating an obligation. Causatives allow one to express that an action was caused by another party.
May Might Could
This document discusses the uses of could, may, and might in the English language. Could is used to talk about ability in the past or possibility. May suggests something will happen in the future or is used to make polite requests. Might suggests smaller possibility and is more common than may when uncertainty is involved. It can also be used as the past tense of may for requests or conditional form. The key difference between can and may is that can is used for ability while may requires permission.
PAST SIMPLE, NEGATIVE FORM
To form the negative past simple tense in English, the auxiliary verb "did" is used with the subject followed by "not" and the base form of the main verb. For the verb "to be", "didn't" is used instead of "did not". Examples show the affirmative and negative forms of common past simple verbs like go, live, and play using subjects like I, you, she, and they.
Past perfect and past perfect continuous
Before moving to Barcelona, Mary had bought a house there.
After finishing dinner, the children had eaten ice cream.
When Christopher Columbus landed in North America in 1492, millions of Native Americans had been living in North America for thousands of years.
By the time the Wright Brothers flew their first plane on December 17, 1903, Jean-François Pilatre de Rozier had become the world’s first human flier using a balloon in 1753.
After the National Free Bank had made bad investments, they went bankrupt.
The Simple Past Presentation
The document discusses the simple past tense in English. It provides the conjugations of to be and regular and irregular verbs in the simple past. It also describes how to form the past tense of regular verbs and gives examples of using the simple past to talk about completed past actions, actions that took place over a period of time in the past, and habitual or repeated past actions. It lists common time expressions used with the simple past and provides a matching exercise with explorers and their accomplishments.
The past-simple-presentation
The document discusses the simple past tense in English. It explains that there are two types of verbs in the past tense: regular verbs which take "-ed" and irregular verbs which have varying forms. Regular verbs follow patterns like doubling consonants or just adding "-d" depending on their spelling. Irregular verbs have unpredictable changes and need to be memorized. Examples of negative and yes/no question forms are also provided, using "did/didn't" with regular verbs and "was/were" with the verb "to be".
Present perfect
This document provides an overview of the present perfect tense in English. It explains that the present perfect is formed using has/have + the past participle of the verb. It provides examples of affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences. It also discusses the use of the present perfect to refer to finished actions that influence the present or actions that occurred before now. Signal words that are commonly used with the present perfect are listed. Finally, it mentions that exercises on forming sentences in the present perfect are provided at the end.
I wish if only
This document discusses different uses of the word "wish" in the past tense. It explains that "wish + past simple" is used to express things one would like to be different in the present that are impossible or unlikely. It also describes how "wish + would/wouldn't" expresses things one wants to happen or stop happening because they are annoying, and only refers to actions, not oneself. Additionally, it notes that "wish + past perfect" indicates regrets about things that happened in the past. Finally, it states that "if only" can be used instead of "I wish" to convey more emphasis or intensity about past regrets or desires.
Past simple ppt mercedes
1) The document provides information on forming the past simple tense in English for regular and irregular verbs. It discusses adding "-ed" for regular verbs and lists common irregular verb forms.
2) Examples are given for forming negative and question sentences using auxiliary verbs like "did" and "didn't".
3) Guidance is offered on pronouncing the "-ed" ending based on the sound of the preceding letter. Activities are included for practice forming past tense verbs.
Modal perfect
This document discusses the use of modal verbs with the perfect tense to express uncertainty, ability, certainty, and expectations about past actions. Some key uses covered include expressing uncertainty with "might have" and "could have", ability in the past with "could have", certainty that something did not occur with "can't have", and strong certainty about a past action with "must have". It also discusses expressing unfulfilled expectations or ungiven advice about past actions using "should/ought to have".
Present Perfect Tense
The document provides information and examples about using the present perfect tense in English. It discusses the structure of affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences in the present perfect tense. It also gives examples of using time expressions like "ever", "never", "just", "already", and "yet" with the present perfect tense. Additionally, it covers irregular past participles and provides exercises for students to practice using and distinguishing between the present perfect and simple past tenses.
Simple Past Questions
This document provides instruction on forming questions in the simple past tense in English. It explains that questions are formed by using the helping verb "did" followed by the main verb in base form. It provides examples of yes/no questions using "did" and the corresponding short answers. The document also notes that questions using the verb "to be" have different rules that are not covered here.
Mixed conditional
Mixed conditional. Condition clause as Third Conditional, Result Clause as Second Conditional. Examples with photo illustrations.
Possessives
This document contains a teacher's resource for a PowerPoint presentation on possessive nouns, possessive pronouns, and questions with "whose". It includes examples and exercises on forming possessive nouns with singular and plural nouns, irregular plural possessives, and using possessive adjectives and pronouns. The content covers key rules and concepts to help teach English grammar on possession.
Can, could and be able to
The document discusses the use of modal auxiliary verbs can, could, and be able to. It explains that can is used to talk about present ability or possibility, could is used to talk about past ability or possibility, and be able to is used to talk about ability. It provides examples of how each modal verb is used and exercises for the reader to practice using them correctly.
Suffixes
This document summarizes common suffixes in the English language and their meanings. It discusses suffixes such as:
-er, -or, -ist, and -ian which describe people and their occupations (e.g. teacher, actor, artist). It also discusses suffixes like -ation, -sion, -ion, and -tion which indicate an act or process (e.g. information, decision, creation). Additionally, it covers suffixes like -ary, -ery, -y, -ty, and -ity which indicate a state or condition (e.g. boundary, bribery, purity). The document provides numerous examples for each suffix discussed.
Verb+object+infinitive
This document discusses English verbs that are followed by an object and an infinitive rather than a that-clause. It provides examples of common verbs used in this construction, such as invite, advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, command, encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, hate, help, instruct, intend, invite, leave, like, love, mean, need, obligate, order, permit, prefer, recommend. It also discusses some verbs that are followed by an object and bare infinitive without "to", such as let, make, see, hear, feel, watch, notice, have. The document provides exercises for learners to practice using these verbs in sentences.
Present and Past Modals of Deduction with Sherlock Holmes
For Intermediate EFL students. Look at the presentation and practice present and past deductions using appropriate modal verbs.
Past continuous
The document discusses the past continuous tense in English. It begins by explaining the basic form uses "was/were" plus the present participle. It then discusses several uses of the past continuous including: describing actions that lasted for some time in the past; interrupted actions; actions happening simultaneously; expressing irritation; and asking polite questions. It provides examples for each use and explains how to form past continuous statements, questions, and negative sentences.
Narrative tenses
This document discusses different past tenses in narrative, including the past simple for finished actions, past continuous for longer actions happening simultaneously, past perfect for actions before a specific past time, and past perfect continuous for longer actions ongoing before a specific past time. It provides examples of using these tenses to describe events in Romeo and Juliet's relationship, from their meeting to falling in love and getting married, all leading to their tragic deaths.
Perfect modals; use and clear examples with funny pictures
The document discusses various modal verbs used with past participles to indicate different levels of certainty or possibility about past events, including:
1. Must have + past participle to indicate logical certainty about a past event.
2. May/might/could have + past participle to suggest possible but uncertain past events.
3. Can't have + past participle to indicate that something is definitely not true or possible in the past.
4. Should/shouldn't have + past participle to discuss past actions that were advised or not advised.
Modal perfect with pictures
This document provides instruction on how to use different modal perfect tenses in English, including must have, may/might/could have, can't/couldn't have, could have, should have, shouldn't have, and needn't have followed by a past participle. Examples are given for each modal perfect tense to illustrate its meaning and appropriate usage in different situations, such as expressing certainty, possibility, impossibility, regret, criticism, or that an action was unnecessary in the past. Students are provided prompts asking them to suggest appropriate responses using the modal perfect tenses.
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May Might Could
This document discusses the uses of could, may, and might in the English language. Could is used to talk about ability in the past or possibility. May suggests something will happen in the future or is used to make polite requests. Might suggests smaller possibility and is more common than may when uncertainty is involved. It can also be used as the past tense of may for requests or conditional form. The key difference between can and may is that can is used for ability while may requires permission.
PAST SIMPLE, NEGATIVE FORM
To form the negative past simple tense in English, the auxiliary verb "did" is used with the subject followed by "not" and the base form of the main verb. For the verb "to be", "didn't" is used instead of "did not". Examples show the affirmative and negative forms of common past simple verbs like go, live, and play using subjects like I, you, she, and they.
Past perfect and past perfect continuous
Before moving to Barcelona, Mary had bought a house there.
After finishing dinner, the children had eaten ice cream.
When Christopher Columbus landed in North America in 1492, millions of Native Americans had been living in North America for thousands of years.
By the time the Wright Brothers flew their first plane on December 17, 1903, Jean-François Pilatre de Rozier had become the world’s first human flier using a balloon in 1753.
After the National Free Bank had made bad investments, they went bankrupt.
The Simple Past Presentation
The document discusses the simple past tense in English. It provides the conjugations of to be and regular and irregular verbs in the simple past. It also describes how to form the past tense of regular verbs and gives examples of using the simple past to talk about completed past actions, actions that took place over a period of time in the past, and habitual or repeated past actions. It lists common time expressions used with the simple past and provides a matching exercise with explorers and their accomplishments.
The past-simple-presentation
The document discusses the simple past tense in English. It explains that there are two types of verbs in the past tense: regular verbs which take "-ed" and irregular verbs which have varying forms. Regular verbs follow patterns like doubling consonants or just adding "-d" depending on their spelling. Irregular verbs have unpredictable changes and need to be memorized. Examples of negative and yes/no question forms are also provided, using "did/didn't" with regular verbs and "was/were" with the verb "to be".
Present perfect
This document provides an overview of the present perfect tense in English. It explains that the present perfect is formed using has/have + the past participle of the verb. It provides examples of affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences. It also discusses the use of the present perfect to refer to finished actions that influence the present or actions that occurred before now. Signal words that are commonly used with the present perfect are listed. Finally, it mentions that exercises on forming sentences in the present perfect are provided at the end.
I wish if only
This document discusses different uses of the word "wish" in the past tense. It explains that "wish + past simple" is used to express things one would like to be different in the present that are impossible or unlikely. It also describes how "wish + would/wouldn't" expresses things one wants to happen or stop happening because they are annoying, and only refers to actions, not oneself. Additionally, it notes that "wish + past perfect" indicates regrets about things that happened in the past. Finally, it states that "if only" can be used instead of "I wish" to convey more emphasis or intensity about past regrets or desires.
Past simple ppt mercedes
1) The document provides information on forming the past simple tense in English for regular and irregular verbs. It discusses adding "-ed" for regular verbs and lists common irregular verb forms.
2) Examples are given for forming negative and question sentences using auxiliary verbs like "did" and "didn't".
3) Guidance is offered on pronouncing the "-ed" ending based on the sound of the preceding letter. Activities are included for practice forming past tense verbs.
Modal perfect
This document discusses the use of modal verbs with the perfect tense to express uncertainty, ability, certainty, and expectations about past actions. Some key uses covered include expressing uncertainty with "might have" and "could have", ability in the past with "could have", certainty that something did not occur with "can't have", and strong certainty about a past action with "must have". It also discusses expressing unfulfilled expectations or ungiven advice about past actions using "should/ought to have".
Present Perfect Tense
The document provides information and examples about using the present perfect tense in English. It discusses the structure of affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences in the present perfect tense. It also gives examples of using time expressions like "ever", "never", "just", "already", and "yet" with the present perfect tense. Additionally, it covers irregular past participles and provides exercises for students to practice using and distinguishing between the present perfect and simple past tenses.
Simple Past Questions
This document provides instruction on forming questions in the simple past tense in English. It explains that questions are formed by using the helping verb "did" followed by the main verb in base form. It provides examples of yes/no questions using "did" and the corresponding short answers. The document also notes that questions using the verb "to be" have different rules that are not covered here.
Mixed conditional
Mixed conditional. Condition clause as Third Conditional, Result Clause as Second Conditional. Examples with photo illustrations.
Possessives
This document contains a teacher's resource for a PowerPoint presentation on possessive nouns, possessive pronouns, and questions with "whose". It includes examples and exercises on forming possessive nouns with singular and plural nouns, irregular plural possessives, and using possessive adjectives and pronouns. The content covers key rules and concepts to help teach English grammar on possession.
Can, could and be able to
The document discusses the use of modal auxiliary verbs can, could, and be able to. It explains that can is used to talk about present ability or possibility, could is used to talk about past ability or possibility, and be able to is used to talk about ability. It provides examples of how each modal verb is used and exercises for the reader to practice using them correctly.
Suffixes
This document summarizes common suffixes in the English language and their meanings. It discusses suffixes such as:
-er, -or, -ist, and -ian which describe people and their occupations (e.g. teacher, actor, artist). It also discusses suffixes like -ation, -sion, -ion, and -tion which indicate an act or process (e.g. information, decision, creation). Additionally, it covers suffixes like -ary, -ery, -y, -ty, and -ity which indicate a state or condition (e.g. boundary, bribery, purity). The document provides numerous examples for each suffix discussed.
Verb+object+infinitive
This document discusses English verbs that are followed by an object and an infinitive rather than a that-clause. It provides examples of common verbs used in this construction, such as invite, advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, command, encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, hate, help, instruct, intend, invite, leave, like, love, mean, need, obligate, order, permit, prefer, recommend. It also discusses some verbs that are followed by an object and bare infinitive without "to", such as let, make, see, hear, feel, watch, notice, have. The document provides exercises for learners to practice using these verbs in sentences.
Present and Past Modals of Deduction with Sherlock Holmes
For Intermediate EFL students. Look at the presentation and practice present and past deductions using appropriate modal verbs.
Past continuous
The document discusses the past continuous tense in English. It begins by explaining the basic form uses "was/were" plus the present participle. It then discusses several uses of the past continuous including: describing actions that lasted for some time in the past; interrupted actions; actions happening simultaneously; expressing irritation; and asking polite questions. It provides examples for each use and explains how to form past continuous statements, questions, and negative sentences.
Narrative tenses
This document discusses different past tenses in narrative, including the past simple for finished actions, past continuous for longer actions happening simultaneously, past perfect for actions before a specific past time, and past perfect continuous for longer actions ongoing before a specific past time. It provides examples of using these tenses to describe events in Romeo and Juliet's relationship, from their meeting to falling in love and getting married, all leading to their tragic deaths.
Tendances (20)
Present and Past Modals of Deduction with Sherlock Holmes
Present and Past Modals of Deduction with Sherlock Holmes
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The document discusses various modal verbs used with past participles to indicate different levels of certainty or possibility about past events, including:
1. Must have + past participle to indicate logical certainty about a past event.
2. May/might/could have + past participle to suggest possible but uncertain past events.
3. Can't have + past participle to indicate that something is definitely not true or possible in the past.
4. Should/shouldn't have + past participle to discuss past actions that were advised or not advised.
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This document provides instruction on how to use different modal perfect tenses in English, including must have, may/might/could have, can't/couldn't have, could have, should have, shouldn't have, and needn't have followed by a past participle. Examples are given for each modal perfect tense to illustrate its meaning and appropriate usage in different situations, such as expressing certainty, possibility, impossibility, regret, criticism, or that an action was unnecessary in the past. Students are provided prompts asking them to suggest appropriate responses using the modal perfect tenses.
Modal verbs
Modal verbs are used to express meanings like ability, permission, obligation, possibility, advice, and requests in English. There are several core modal verbs like can, may, must, should, etc. Modals have unique grammatical properties - they do not conjugate, are always followed by a base verb form, and have certain fixed patterns in questions, negatives, and tense formation. The document provides a detailed overview of the various modal verbs in English, their meanings, examples of usage, and special rules regarding their form and function in sentences.
Modal verbs
Modal verbs are used to express meanings like ability, permission, obligation, possibility, advice, and requests. They are used with other verbs and do not conjugate. Some common modal verbs are can, could, may, might, must, have to, should, and will. Modal verbs do not have infinitive or present participle forms. They are followed by a base form verb. Modal verbs also do not have all regular verb tenses and sometimes use auxiliary verbs like be able to or have to to express different tenses.
perfect-modals.pptx
This document discusses perfect modals in English, including could have, may/might have, must have, should have, and can't have. It provides examples of how each modal is used to talk about possibilities, assumptions, obligations, and impossibilities in the past. Could have expresses ability or opportunity but lack of action. May/might have expresses weak past possibility. Must have expresses near certainty about the past. Should/shouldn't have expresses unfulfilled obligations or regrets. Can't have expresses certainty that something did not happen in the past.
Modals 090402070854-phpapp01
This document provides information about modal verbs in English. It defines modal verbs as verbs that are used to express meanings like ability, permission, possibility, obligation, and advice. The document outlines the key differences between modal verbs and normal verbs, such as modal verbs not having variations for tense, number, or negative/interrogative forms. It then provides examples of different modal verbs like "can", "may", "must", "should", and explains their common uses and meanings. Finally, it discusses modal perfect tenses, how they are formed, and what types of past meanings they express.
modals-ilovepdf-compressed.pptx
Modal verbs provide additional meaning to the main verb of a sentence regarding areas such as ability, permission, obligation, offers, and probability. There are single concept modals that have one meaning and double concept modals that have two meanings depending on context. Modal verbs do not conjugate or take infinitives and have imperfect tense formation. They are used to express concepts like permission, obligation, ability, advice, and recommendations in both the present and past.
Modals
This document summarizes the differences between modal verbs and regular verbs in English. It discusses the forms of modal verbs compared to regular verbs, the meanings and uses of different modal verbs like can, may, must, should, as well as modal perfect constructions which refer to past or completed actions using modal verbs and the past participle form of other verbs.
Perfect modals presentation
Perfect modals are used to talk about unfulfilled obligations or possibilities in the past. They include could have, may/might have, must have, should have/shouldn't have, and can't have. Each modal has a specific use - could have expresses ability or opportunity, may/might have expresses weak possibility, must have expresses logical conclusion, should have/shouldn't have expresses regret or obligation, and can't have expresses impossibility. The document provides examples of sentences using each perfect modal.
Modal Verbs
The document provides information on different modal verbs in English and their uses to express ability, advice, necessity, possibility, and past actions. It includes tables that define each modal verb under these categories and provide examples. It also includes practice questions for the reader to practice using the different modal verbs in sentences.
Modal verbs - Funda KOCAOGLU
This document provides information about modal verbs in English. It begins by defining modal verbs as helping verbs that express ideas such as possibility, intention, obligation and necessity. It lists common modal verbs like can, may, must, shall, should and will. It then discusses specific grammatical rules for modal verbs, such as not taking -s, -ing or -ed forms. It provides examples of how modal verbs are used in different tenses and to express different meanings like ability, permission, necessity, etc. It also discusses past modal forms that are used to make deductions about the past. Overall, the document serves as a guide to the meaning and proper use of modal verbs in English.
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A presentation of modal verbs and perfect modals for Spanish students. Based on "Out and About" textbook and "English Grammar in Use", both Cambridge
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The document discusses the use of past modal verbs to express speculation, deduction and regret about past events. It explains how modal verbs like could, may, might, must, should and shouldn't are used with the past participle to talk about possible, probable or impossible past actions, as well as actions people wish they had done differently. Examples are provided to illustrate the different meanings conveyed when using each modal verb. Exercises then practice transforming sentences expressing speculation or regret into ones using the appropriate modal verbs.
model verbs
This document is a summary of a group project on modal verbs presented by Group 6 of the Vietnam University of Commerce. The group includes 6 members and their presentation covers the definition, list, structure, and uses of modal verbs. It discusses modal verbs from two perspectives: the number of meanings they express and the modal meanings they convey, such as ability, possibility, permission, obligation, advice, requests, offers, and suggestions. Examples are provided to illustrate how each modal verb is used in affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences. The perfect modal verbs like could have, may/might have, must have, should have/shouldn't have are also explained.
Model verbs
This document is a summary of a group project on modal verbs presented by Group 6 of the Vietnam University of Commerce. The group includes 6 members and their presentation covers the definition, list, structure, and uses of modal verbs. It discusses modal verbs from two perspectives: the number of meanings they express and the modal meanings they convey, such as ability, possibility, permission, obligation, advice, requests, offers, and suggestions. Examples are provided to illustrate the usage of each modal verb in affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences in both present and past forms.
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This power point explains all of the modal verbs with examples and exercises. When they are used and how. It is a good PPT for both teachers and students.
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Modal verbs are used to express ideas such as ability, permission, possibility, obligation, and advice. There are single concept modals like will and might that have one meaning, double concept modals like may and must that have more than one meaning depending on context, and modals in the past like would have and could have. Modal verbs are followed by the base form of other verbs and do not conjugate or take tense changes. They provide additional meaning to the main verb of a sentence.
U13 Interchange 3
The document discusses past modal verbs used to express degrees of certainty about past events and opinions/advice about past actions. It provides examples of modals like must have, may have, should have, and would have. It also discusses the differences between past and present modal verbs and includes exercises for students to practice using past modal verbs in sentences.
Modals
The document discusses various English modal verbs and their uses for expressing:
1. Ability, obligation, prohibition, necessity, expectation, advice, permission, requests, offers, past habits, possibility, and criticism.
2. Each modal verb has nuanced meanings and uses for indicating likelihood, permission, expectations, obligations, and more.
3. The modals can be used in various tenses including present, past, perfect, and continuous forms to express deductions, possibilities, or criticisms about ongoing or completed events.
Pp modals bachi
Modal verbs are helping verbs that express moods like ability, possibility, necessity or other conditions. They are always used with a main verb and cannot stand alone. There are 12 modal verbs in English, some of which are considered "semi-modals" because they can be conjugated. Modal verbs also have perfect forms where they are used with "have" and the main verb's past participle form. Examples are provided to illustrate how modal verbs are used to express abilities, requests, possibilities, prohibitions and other meanings.
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The bus stopped at a red light during heavy rain, allowing the passengers a brief respite from the downpour inside the large, comfortable vehicle.
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Syllabus
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Chapter 2
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Perfectmodals clase
- 1. MODAL + HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE Form: Must have May / Might have Can't have Could have Should / shouldn't have
- 2. MUST MAY MIGHT CAN’T COULD SHOULD SHOULDN’T “HAVE” (HABER) YO HE… TU HAS… ÉL HA… ELLA HA… VERB PAST PARTICIPLE EAT EATEN GO GONE COME COME WRITE WRITTEN STUDY STUDIED
- 3. MUST HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE • You are certain about something that happened in the past. • Logical deduction in the past. Look! They must have won the lottery. S + MUST + HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE + C
- 4. Think examples for these pictures They must have scored a goal. Nadal must have won a medal.
- 5. MAY/MIGHT/COULD+HAVE+PAST PARTICIPLE • Possibility in the past (not sure) • What happened before? Ex: She may have failed an exam. She might have failed an exam. She could have failed an exam. or She may/might/could have received bad news. She may/might/could have found her boyfriend with another girl!!!
- 6. CAN’T HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE • 100% sure that something is not true; it is impossible. • “Can’t have” se utiliza de una manera similar a “must have”, pero en la forma negativa. Podemos utilizar “can’t have” cuando estamos bastante seguros de que algo no ocurra o que no era verdad en el pasado. She can’t have had a healthy life. Was the roller coaster funny for them? It can’t have been funny!
- 7. COULD+HAVE+PAST PARTICIPLE • To suggest an alternative that hasn’t been done. • “Could have” también se utiliza para expresar que algo era posible en el pasado pero en realidad no pasó. You (you and your classmates) wanted to travel to New York at the end of the school year. The journey costs 1000$ but you only got 500$. It’s obvious that you didn’t do enough things to get the money. Suggest what you could have done to get it! Ex: • We could have sold more lottery tickets. • We could have organized a small market.
- 8. SHOULD+HAVE+PAST PARTICIPLE • Things you should have done but you didn’t do. A: I failed all the subjects B: You should have studied more. What would you say if …? 1. You got late to school because you didn’t get up early. 2. They didn’t repair the roof in summer and now they are having problems when it rains. 3. You can’t find a proper job because you didn’t study languages. 4. Your boyfriend/girlfriend ended your relationship because of your behavior.
- 9. SHOULDN’T HAVE+ PAST PARTICIPLE • Criticism. Something was done but it wasn’t a good idea. Your friend had this attitude inan interview. Of course, he didn’t get the job. You say: “You shouldn’t have been so rude”.
- 10. MUST HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE • You are certain (sure) about something that happened in the past. Logical deduction in the past. MAY/MIGHT/COULD+HAVE+PAST PARTICIPLE • Possibility in the past (not sure) What happened before? CAN’T HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE • 100% sure that something is not true; it is impossible. • “Can’t have” se utiliza de una manera similar a “must have”, pero en la forma negativa. COULD+HAVE+PAST PARTICIPLE • To suggest an alternative that hasn’t been done. • “Could have” también se utiliza para expresar que algo era posible en el pasado pero en realidad no pasó. SHOULD+HAVE+PAST PARTICIPLE • Things you should have done but you didn’t do. SHOULDN’T HAVE+ PAST PARTICIPLE • Criticism. Something was done but it wasn’t a good idea. LET’S PRACTICE: Examples: I'm sure John locked the office before leaving. He always does. John must have locked the office before leaving. 1.The soup was delicious but it had no salt.
- 11. a. Mom should have forgotten to add it. 2.It was a mistake to sell the house. I wish I hadn't. a. You shouldn’t have sold it. 3.Perhaps John knew about the trip, but I'm not sure. a. He might have known about the trip. 4.I'm sure he didn't lock the door. He never does. a. He must not have locked it (the door). b.He can’t have locked it. 5.Perhaps she was at work when the earthquake struck. a. She may have been at work when the earthquake struck. 6.It's quite possible that they went away last weekend. a. They must have gone away last weekend. 7.It was a mistake not to accept his offer. I wish I had. a. I should have accepted his offer. 8.I don't think Ann robbed the money. It's impossible. a. 9.It's impossible that they knew about the trip; nobody told them. a.