Self reference criterion
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Global Marketing Chapter 3 : Cultural Foundations [Elegant (V)]
The report include the last part Chapter 3: Cultural Foundations from Global Marketing Book by Jhonny K. Johansson. Global culture, culture across countries,global culture,global marketing,meaning of culture,self-reference criterion,silent language,SRC are the discussion topic
Chap 9
The document discusses several aspects of cultural environments that are important for international marketing. It covers differences in language, religion, values, manners/customs, material elements, aesthetics, education, and social institutions across cultures. Key concepts discussed include high versus low context cultures and how meanings can differ greatly depending on cultural context. Several examples and statistics are provided to illustrate cultural differences.
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This chapter discusses global market segmentation and positioning strategies. It identifies reasons for international market segmentation such as variation in customer needs. The chapter outlines different approaches to segmentation including country-level, aggregate, and disaggregate methods. It also describes bases for segmenting countries including demographics, socioeconomic factors, and consumer behaviors. Finally, the chapter discusses developing positioning strategies and appeals that are uniform versus localized across global markets.
Ch4
This chapter discusses key cultural factors that global marketers must consider when doing business internationally. It introduces theories and models for understanding differences in cultures, such as Hall's context theory, Hofstede's cultural dimensions, and Maslow's hierarchy of needs. Key aspects of culture explored include social institutions, material and nonmaterial elements, attitudes and values, religion, aesthetics, language, and dietary preferences. The chapter emphasizes that culture unconsciously influences perception and must be understood to avoid ethnocentrism. Global marketers are advised to incorporate cultural understanding into their planning to appropriately adapt products for different markets.
Ch2
This chapter discusses the global economy and economic systems. It provides an overview of the stages of market development and the balance of payments. It describes the different types of economic systems including market capitalism, centrally planned socialism, and centrally planned capitalism. It also discusses groups like the G8, OECD, and concepts like economic freedom, saturation levels, and managing foreign exchange exposure.
Ch3
The document discusses the evolution of international trade agreements from GATT to the modern World Trade Organization (WTO). It then describes different types of preferential trade agreements (PTAs) that exist, ranging from free trade areas with no common external tariffs (like NAFTA) to full economic unions with a single currency and coordinated policies (like the European Union). Several existing regional trade blocs are also outlined, such as ASEAN, MERCOSUR, and the Gulf Cooperation Council.
Chap001
The document summarizes key concepts in international marketing. It discusses how American businesses are increasingly globalizing and all managers must consider the global environment. International marketing involves performing business activities across borders. To be successful, firms must adapt to environmental differences between countries, such as laws, customs and cultures. The self-reference criterion and ethnocentrism can limit understanding of foreign markets if not addressed. Developing global awareness and choosing the right strategic orientation, such as domestic, multinational or global, are important for international marketing success.
Unit 4 lesson - protectionism - power point- duke
This document discusses different types of trade barriers such as tariffs, import quotas, voluntary export restraints, and embargoes. It provides examples of current tariff rates on various goods and lists countries that are currently subject to US embargoes. The main arguments for and against protectionism are outlined, such as protecting domestic jobs and industries but hindering efficiency and competition. While protectionism aims to shelter local economies, it often does more harm than good in the long run by raising prices and reducing overall purchasing power.
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Global Marketing Chapter 3 : Cultural Foundations [Elegant (V)]
The report include the last part Chapter 3: Cultural Foundations from Global Marketing Book by Jhonny K. Johansson. Global culture, culture across countries,global culture,global marketing,meaning of culture,self-reference criterion,silent language,SRC are the discussion topic
Chap 9
The document discusses several aspects of cultural environments that are important for international marketing. It covers differences in language, religion, values, manners/customs, material elements, aesthetics, education, and social institutions across cultures. Key concepts discussed include high versus low context cultures and how meanings can differ greatly depending on cultural context. Several examples and statistics are provided to illustrate cultural differences.
Global M arketing
This chapter discusses global market segmentation and positioning strategies. It identifies reasons for international market segmentation such as variation in customer needs. The chapter outlines different approaches to segmentation including country-level, aggregate, and disaggregate methods. It also describes bases for segmenting countries including demographics, socioeconomic factors, and consumer behaviors. Finally, the chapter discusses developing positioning strategies and appeals that are uniform versus localized across global markets.
Ch4
This chapter discusses key cultural factors that global marketers must consider when doing business internationally. It introduces theories and models for understanding differences in cultures, such as Hall's context theory, Hofstede's cultural dimensions, and Maslow's hierarchy of needs. Key aspects of culture explored include social institutions, material and nonmaterial elements, attitudes and values, religion, aesthetics, language, and dietary preferences. The chapter emphasizes that culture unconsciously influences perception and must be understood to avoid ethnocentrism. Global marketers are advised to incorporate cultural understanding into their planning to appropriately adapt products for different markets.
Ch2
This chapter discusses the global economy and economic systems. It provides an overview of the stages of market development and the balance of payments. It describes the different types of economic systems including market capitalism, centrally planned socialism, and centrally planned capitalism. It also discusses groups like the G8, OECD, and concepts like economic freedom, saturation levels, and managing foreign exchange exposure.
Ch3
The document discusses the evolution of international trade agreements from GATT to the modern World Trade Organization (WTO). It then describes different types of preferential trade agreements (PTAs) that exist, ranging from free trade areas with no common external tariffs (like NAFTA) to full economic unions with a single currency and coordinated policies (like the European Union). Several existing regional trade blocs are also outlined, such as ASEAN, MERCOSUR, and the Gulf Cooperation Council.
Chap001
The document summarizes key concepts in international marketing. It discusses how American businesses are increasingly globalizing and all managers must consider the global environment. International marketing involves performing business activities across borders. To be successful, firms must adapt to environmental differences between countries, such as laws, customs and cultures. The self-reference criterion and ethnocentrism can limit understanding of foreign markets if not addressed. Developing global awareness and choosing the right strategic orientation, such as domestic, multinational or global, are important for international marketing success.
Unit 4 lesson - protectionism - power point- duke
This document discusses different types of trade barriers such as tariffs, import quotas, voluntary export restraints, and embargoes. It provides examples of current tariff rates on various goods and lists countries that are currently subject to US embargoes. The main arguments for and against protectionism are outlined, such as protecting domestic jobs and industries but hindering efficiency and competition. While protectionism aims to shelter local economies, it often does more harm than good in the long run by raising prices and reducing overall purchasing power.
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This document provides an overview of international marketing. It defines international marketing and discusses how the marketing environment differs internationally from domestic markets due to factors like competition, regulations, culture, and politics. It also outlines various stages of international marketing involvement, from no direct foreign marketing to global marketing. Additionally, it discusses challenges like self-reference criterion and ethnocentrism that marketers must overcome to effectively adapt to foreign cultures.
The scope and challenge of international marketing
The document discusses the scope and challenges of international marketing. It identifies four trends driving global commerce: trading blocs, free market economies, technology, and environmental awareness. The challenge for marketers is developing strategic plans that are competitive in intensifying global markets. International marketing involves performing business activities like planning, pricing, promotion, and distribution across national borders for profit. It differs from domestic marketing in areas like foreign currency, multiple political/tax environments, long distances, and various languages. Marketers must adapt to different environments and be globally aware to avoid ethnocentrism.
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The document discusses various barriers to international trade, including transportation costs, policy barriers like tariffs and non-tariff barriers, and internal trade costs. It also examines the motivations for countries adopting protectionist policies, such as responding to dumping or trade deficits, protecting domestic employment, and protecting strategic industries. Finally, it outlines some arguments against protectionism, noting the risks of retaliation, market distortion effects like higher consumer prices and costs for exporters.
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This slideshare network of RECONNECT will provide all the presentation related to case studies, project presentations, educational, motivational slides & much more.
Follow Reconnect on slide share.
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Eprg approach 1
This document discusses four orientations - ethnocentric, polycentric, regiocentric, and geocentric - that companies can take when expanding globally. It provides details on the characteristics, merits, and demerits of each orientation. The ethnocentric orientation focuses on the home country. The polycentric orientation localizes for each host country. The regiocentric orientation treats regions as markets. The geocentric orientation views the entire world as one market.
Market entry strategies
This document discusses various options for entering foreign markets, including exporting, licensing, franchising, joint ventures, contract manufacturing, mergers and acquisitions, and fully owned manufacturing facilities. It provides details on each option, describing how they work, their advantages and disadvantages. Overall, the document serves as an overview of common market entry strategies for international business.
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Regiocentric Orientation
The document discusses regiocentric orientation, which is a transitional phase between polycentric and geocentric orientations for multinational companies. Under a regiocentric approach, a firm accepts a regional marketing policy covering groups of countries with comparable market characteristics and formulates operational strategies for entire regions rather than individual countries. The document provides examples of companies like Nike, Gillette, Toyota, HSBC, and Goodyear that use regiocentric approaches in how they organize their regional structures and operations.
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This document provides an overview of international marketing. It defines international marketing and discusses how the marketing environment differs internationally from domestic markets due to factors like competition, regulations, culture, and politics. It also outlines various stages of international marketing involvement, from no direct foreign marketing to global marketing. Additionally, it discusses challenges like self-reference criterion and ethnocentrism that marketers must overcome to effectively adapt to foreign cultures.
The scope and challenge of international marketing
The document discusses the scope and challenges of international marketing. It identifies four trends driving global commerce: trading blocs, free market economies, technology, and environmental awareness. The challenge for marketers is developing strategic plans that are competitive in intensifying global markets. International marketing involves performing business activities like planning, pricing, promotion, and distribution across national borders for profit. It differs from domestic marketing in areas like foreign currency, multiple political/tax environments, long distances, and various languages. Marketers must adapt to different environments and be globally aware to avoid ethnocentrism.
What Is Convergence culture?
A Presentation on the topic of Media Convergence with particular reference to the research of Henry Jenkins
Coca-Cola positive and negative impacts on India
TNC impacts on a countrie.
You will find the C-C figures and C-C positive and negative impact on India
Protectionism
The document discusses various barriers to international trade, including transportation costs, policy barriers like tariffs and non-tariff barriers, and internal trade costs. It also examines the motivations for countries adopting protectionist policies, such as responding to dumping or trade deficits, protecting domestic employment, and protecting strategic industries. Finally, it outlines some arguments against protectionism, noting the risks of retaliation, market distortion effects like higher consumer prices and costs for exporters.
Global marketing - global cultural environamental & buying behavior
This is the lecture of course "Global Marketing"
This slideshare network of RECONNECT will provide all the presentation related to case studies, project presentations, educational, motivational slides & much more.
Follow Reconnect on slide share.
Official fb page: facebook.com/reconnectt
Official fb group: facebook.com/groups/reconnecting.tech/
Rights are reserved for this presentation. Please inbox 1st to get permission to use this
Eprg approach 1
This document discusses four orientations - ethnocentric, polycentric, regiocentric, and geocentric - that companies can take when expanding globally. It provides details on the characteristics, merits, and demerits of each orientation. The ethnocentric orientation focuses on the home country. The polycentric orientation localizes for each host country. The regiocentric orientation treats regions as markets. The geocentric orientation views the entire world as one market.
Market entry strategies
This document discusses various options for entering foreign markets, including exporting, licensing, franchising, joint ventures, contract manufacturing, mergers and acquisitions, and fully owned manufacturing facilities. It provides details on each option, describing how they work, their advantages and disadvantages. Overall, the document serves as an overview of common market entry strategies for international business.
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Starbucks marketing strategy
The document provides information about Starbucks, including its history, mission, CEO Howard Schultz, marketing strategies, and global expansion efforts. It began in 1971 in Seattle as a small coffee bean roaster and retailer. Under CEO Howard Schultz, Starbucks rapidly expanded across the US and internationally, becoming the world's largest coffeehouse chain with over 15,000 stores in 50 countries. The document discusses Starbucks' marketing mix, target customers, positioning as a premium brand, and strategies for global growth despite risks of market saturation at home.
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How work a franchise
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Michelle Bachelet nació en Chile en 1951 y creció allí hasta 1962 cuando su familia se mudó a Alemania. Regresó a Chile en 1975 pero fue detenida y torturada después del golpe militar de 1973. Más tarde se convirtió en la primera mujer presidenta de Chile, sirviendo de 2006 a 2010 y de 2014 a 2018.
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PRÉSENCE D'ANIMATIONS, à télécharger pour une visualisation optimale !
Devoir 2 ème année BTS BANQUE
Explication d'une SOFICA avec pour exemple le produit COFINOVA de façon simplifiée
La banque populaire, histoire/compo/chiffres-clé/topflop
PRÉSENCE D'ANIMATIONS, à télécharger pour une visualisation optimale !
Devoir 2 ème année BTS BANQUE exposé sur la Banque Populaire
-Historique
-Composition
-Chiffres clé
-Les produits Top/Flop
La France la Grèce un destin commun ?
PRÉSENCE D'ANIMATIONS, à télécharger pour une visualisation optimale !
Devoir réalisé en 1 ère année de BTS BANQUE
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Self reference criterion
- 1. Self-Reference Criterion Paul Beaurepaire El 2 de abril de 2015
- 2. Definition An unconscious reference to one’s own cultural values, experiences and knowledge as a basis for decisions. Ethnocentric
- 3. Sharwood's Promotion of Indian sauce « Bundh » = « Buttock »
- 5. Clairol Promotion of Curling tongs Mist Stick « Mist » = « Bastard », « crook »
- 6. Puffs Promotion of « Kleenex » « Puffs » = « Brothel » or an insult against homosexuals
- 7. Renault Promotion of SUV « Koleos » = « Vagina »
- 8. Colgate Promotion of Toothpaste « Cue » = « Ass »