STAFFING
Staffing is the systematic approach of selection, training, motivating and retaining of a professional and non- professional personnel in Any organization.
Philosophy of staffing
Match the employee’s knowledge and skills to patient needs that optimizes job satisfaction and quality of care.
Nursing rounds involve a head nurse or teacher leading rounds with staff or students to understand patient conditions and the effects of nursing care. The purposes of rounds include observing patients' physical and mental states, staff work, introducing patients to personnel, carrying out care plans, evaluating treatment results, and teaching students. Rounds are conducted by discussing objectives outside patients' rooms first, then briefly visiting patients. Advantages are testing students' knowledge, benefiting informed students, orienting new nurses, and evaluating nursing activities and challenges. Disadvantages can include hampering confidentiality and distractions reducing attention. Standing orders provide emergency treatment guidance for areas without doctors by promoting temporary care until a doctor can be seen.
This document provides information about staff development training at Fatima Hospital in Mau. It discusses types of hospitals including small, medium, and large hospitals based on bed capacity. It also defines nursing as protecting health, preventing illness, and treating patients. The document lists many types of nurses and their roles. It outlines responsibilities for Fatima Hospital staff including safety, hygiene, cooperation, and reporting issues. Responsibilities of staff nurses are also detailed such as patient care, inventory, handovers, assessments, documentation and more.
Recruitment means finding out the future workers. Recruitment is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for jobs in an organization
The document summarizes different methods of organizing nursing services and patient care, including case method nursing, primary nursing care, and functional nursing. It describes the key characteristics and components of each method, such as the nurse's roles and responsibilities, organization of care delivery, advantages, and disadvantages. The case method involves one nurse providing total care to one patient during a shift. Primary nursing assigns each nurse primary responsibility for coordinating and implementing care for a group of patients. Functional nursing divides tasks among nurses with each responsible for specific duties.
Nursing audit is defined as the process of collecting information from nursing reports and other documented evidence about patient care and assessing the quality of care using quality assurance programs. The purposes of nursing audit include evaluating nursing care given, achieving desired quality of nursing care, stimulating better record keeping, focusing on care provided rather than the care provider, and contributing to research. Nursing audit uses written standards of care to evaluate nursing practice and identify areas for corrective action and quality improvement. It can be used as a tool for quality control through outcome, process, and structure audits.
This document discusses methods for estimating nursing staff requirements through activity analysis. It begins by introducing the importance of having an orderly staffing methodology. Various approaches to classifying patients based on their care needs are described, such as completely dependent, partially dependent, and ambulatory. The document then shows how to calculate the estimated nursing hours required for each patient classification in different shifts. It provides an example of allocating nurses across morning, evening, and night shifts based on the workload and number of patients in each classification. The conclusion discusses different approaches to allocating nursing staff and importance of monitoring unit census data.
The document discusses various approaches to estimating nursing staff requirements, including professional judgment, nurses per occupied bed, patient dependency, timed task/activity analysis, and regression-based systems. It provides details on activity analysis methodology, which involves collecting data on nursing interventions, tasks, and time spent to determine staffing needs. Several countries' workforce planning systems are also reviewed, such as mandatory nurse-to-patient ratios in the USA and Australia. The document concludes with India's nursing council norms for staffing hospitals and a comparison of those norms to standards at NIMHANS.
Nursing rounds involve a head nurse or teacher leading rounds with staff or students to understand patient conditions and the effects of nursing care. The purposes of rounds include observing patients' physical and mental states, staff work, introducing patients to personnel, carrying out care plans, evaluating treatment results, and teaching students. Rounds are conducted by discussing objectives outside patients' rooms first, then briefly visiting patients. Advantages are testing students' knowledge, benefiting informed students, orienting new nurses, and evaluating nursing activities and challenges. Disadvantages can include hampering confidentiality and distractions reducing attention. Standing orders provide emergency treatment guidance for areas without doctors by promoting temporary care until a doctor can be seen.
This document provides information about staff development training at Fatima Hospital in Mau. It discusses types of hospitals including small, medium, and large hospitals based on bed capacity. It also defines nursing as protecting health, preventing illness, and treating patients. The document lists many types of nurses and their roles. It outlines responsibilities for Fatima Hospital staff including safety, hygiene, cooperation, and reporting issues. Responsibilities of staff nurses are also detailed such as patient care, inventory, handovers, assessments, documentation and more.
Recruitment means finding out the future workers. Recruitment is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for jobs in an organization
The document summarizes different methods of organizing nursing services and patient care, including case method nursing, primary nursing care, and functional nursing. It describes the key characteristics and components of each method, such as the nurse's roles and responsibilities, organization of care delivery, advantages, and disadvantages. The case method involves one nurse providing total care to one patient during a shift. Primary nursing assigns each nurse primary responsibility for coordinating and implementing care for a group of patients. Functional nursing divides tasks among nurses with each responsible for specific duties.
Nursing audit is defined as the process of collecting information from nursing reports and other documented evidence about patient care and assessing the quality of care using quality assurance programs. The purposes of nursing audit include evaluating nursing care given, achieving desired quality of nursing care, stimulating better record keeping, focusing on care provided rather than the care provider, and contributing to research. Nursing audit uses written standards of care to evaluate nursing practice and identify areas for corrective action and quality improvement. It can be used as a tool for quality control through outcome, process, and structure audits.
This document discusses methods for estimating nursing staff requirements through activity analysis. It begins by introducing the importance of having an orderly staffing methodology. Various approaches to classifying patients based on their care needs are described, such as completely dependent, partially dependent, and ambulatory. The document then shows how to calculate the estimated nursing hours required for each patient classification in different shifts. It provides an example of allocating nurses across morning, evening, and night shifts based on the workload and number of patients in each classification. The conclusion discusses different approaches to allocating nursing staff and importance of monitoring unit census data.
The document discusses various approaches to estimating nursing staff requirements, including professional judgment, nurses per occupied bed, patient dependency, timed task/activity analysis, and regression-based systems. It provides details on activity analysis methodology, which involves collecting data on nursing interventions, tasks, and time spent to determine staffing needs. Several countries' workforce planning systems are also reviewed, such as mandatory nurse-to-patient ratios in the USA and Australia. The document concludes with India's nursing council norms for staffing hospitals and a comparison of those norms to standards at NIMHANS.
The document discusses nursing audit, which is defined as the evaluation of nursing care through retrospective analysis of nursing records. It aims to assess the quality of clinical nursing care against established standards. The summary includes three key points about nursing audit:
1. Nursing audit involves a systematic review of nursing records to evaluate whether good nursing practices were followed and standards of care were met.
2. The audit process generally involves setting criteria, designing a tool, implementing the tool to collect data from patient records, analyzing the data, and using results to modify nursing care plans and processes.
3. Results from nursing audits can be used to identify areas of weak performance, guide education programs, and help with resource allocation to improve the
The document discusses staffing in healthcare organizations. It defines staffing and outlines its objectives, which include recruiting competent staff, retaining the right number of staff, and providing training. It also discusses patient classification systems, which group patients according to care needs to help determine staffing requirements. Nurse-patient ratios from different standards are presented for units like general wards, ICUs and ERs. The importance of effective scheduling is highlighted to ensure coverage, continuity of care, flexibility, stability and cost-effectiveness. Different scheduling methods like 10-hour shifts, 12-hour shifts and weekend scheduling alternatives are also outlined.
Nursing rounds involve a small group of staff members and students visiting patients' bedsides. This allows nursing members to learn about patients' problems and ways to solve them, while providing instructional experiences for students. Nursing rounds have several purposes, such as demonstrating symptoms, comparing patients' reactions, illustrating skilled care, and providing instruction to student nurses. Proper planning of rounds includes consulting students' prior experience, considering clinical material availability, explaining plans to patients, and having post-conferences. Rounds provide natural patient responses and allow students to select patients with specific issues. Conducting rounds well requires careful patient selection and group observation and discussion to diagnose issues and plan care.
This document provides an overview of nursing audits, including definitions, types, purposes, processes, and the audit cycle. Some key points:
- A nursing audit is defined as the evaluation of nursing care through retrospective analysis of nursing records to assess quality.
- The main types of audits discussed are internal/external audits, financial/operational audits, department reviews, and integrated/investigative/follow-up audits.
- Purposes include evaluating nursing care quality, verifying records, focusing on care provided and providers, and contributing to research.
- The nursing audit process involves setting criteria, designing audit tools, planning and implementing the tool, recording/analyzing results,
The document provides information about staffing philosophy, norms, and methods for estimating nursing staff requirements. It discusses various committees that have established nursing staff norms in India, including the Staff Inspection Unit, Bajaj Committee, High Power Committee, and Indian Nursing Council. It also outlines a patient classification system that assigns patients to levels of care in order to calculate nursing staff needs based on the required hours of care per patient. Formulas are provided for determining the number of nursing staff needed per 24-hour period and shift based on patient classifications.
This document discusses different methods of assigning nursing staff to provide patient care, including case method nursing, functional nursing, team nursing, primary nursing, and progressive patient care. Each method is described in terms of how nursing duties are organized and divided among staff. The advantages and disadvantages of each approach are also outlined.
Norms are standards that guide nursing staffing levels. The document discusses nursing staffing norms recommended by various committees in India, including the Staff Inspection Unit (SIU) in 1991-92. The SIU norms recommend nurse-patient ratios of 1:3 for non-teaching hospitals and 1:5 for teaching hospitals. The norms also provide ratios for different units like ICU, labor room, and operation theaters. Most hospitals in India follow the SIU norms for calculating nursing staff entitlement and defining nursing roles.
This document discusses staffing and scheduling in nursing. It defines staffing as determining and assigning the right personnel to meet patient needs and accomplish organizational goals. The objectives of staffing include providing appropriate staffing levels and mixes, empowering head nurses, and delivering efficient care. Factors that influence staffing include patient acuity, staff qualifications, and financial resources. Staffing plans specify staffing levels by unit and shift. Effective scheduling aims to provide adequate coverage, maintain staff morale, maximize staff expertise, and organize unit work.
This document discusses human resource management and recruitment. It defines human resource management as planning, organizing, directing, and controlling activities related to procuring, developing, compensating, and integrating employees to satisfy organizational, individual, and societal needs. It outlines the objectives of HRM and components of a human resource management system. It then defines recruitment as the process of attracting job applicants and discusses the objectives, importance, sources, and process of recruitment. The key points covered are internal sources like promotions and referrals versus external sources like advertisements and consultants, and factors that affect recruitment decisions.
This document discusses staffing in nursing, including functions, nature, steps, philosophy and objectives of nursing staffing. It provides recommendations and norms from various committees on nurse-patient ratios. Some key points include:
- Staffing involves selecting, training and retaining qualified personnel to meet organizational needs.
- Functions include identifying service needs, determining job categories, predicting personnel needs and recruiting/selecting staff.
- A staffing study gathers environmental data using techniques like time studies and work sampling.
- Recommended nurse-patient ratios include 1:3 for non-teaching hospitals, 1:5 for teaching hospitals, and 1:1 for intensive care units.
- Patient classification systems quantify nursing care needs to
For the nurse to be effective in the dynamic complex health care system and to help client to achieve the outcome , nurses need to be knowledgeable , resourceful and able to work well with other health care practioners.
This document provides an overview of public relations, including definitions, characteristics, tools, and the role of nurses. It defines public relations as a two-way communication between an organization and its publics to help them adapt to one another. The functions of public relations are to evaluate public attitudes, influence customers, build positive images, and communicate organizational goals. Nurses can play a role by handling communications, interacting with stakeholders, writing publications, organizing events, and gathering patient data to inform management. Overall, public relations is important for maintaining an organization's reputation and brand through effective external communication.
Staffing , duties and responsibilities of various categoriesDeblina Roy
This document discusses staffing in nursing. It begins by defining staffing and outlining its objectives, which include understanding the meaning of staffing and the importance of safe staffing. It then covers the philosophy, importance, nature, features, and components of staffing. Factors influencing staffing patterns are discussed, as well as the system approach to staffing. Finally, it summarizes a research study that found an association between nurse staffing levels, burnout, and healthcare-associated infections. Reducing nurse burnout may help control infections in hospitals.
This document defines material management as planning, organizing, and controlling aspects involved in ensuring the availability of necessary materials, supplies, drugs, and equipment as needed. The purpose of material management is to provide the right materials in the required quantity and quality when required, cut costs through standardization, develop healthcare knowledge and skills, and increase healthcare system efficiency. Nurses play an important role in material management by ensuring adequate supplies, monitoring quality and safety, maintaining inventory and emergency stocks, and participating in policymaking and evaluation.
This document discusses strategies for cost containment and reduction in hospitals. It identifies the key challenges hospitals face like rising costs, staffing issues, and reduced reimbursement rates. It then provides recommendations in several areas: focusing on efficient processes and standardized operations; developing optimized workforce, technology, and infrastructure models; and creating systems for continuous cost management and improvement. Specific strategies addressed include inventory management, revenue cycle optimization, rational workforce planning, and marketing. The overall aim is for hospitals to contain costs while maintaining quality in the face of economic pressures.
The document discusses various organizational concepts and nursing delivery systems. It defines organization and describes it as a system comprising interrelated subsystems. A hospital is presented as an open system with four major subsystems: general administration, clinical/nursing services, supportive services, and utility services. Various nursing delivery systems are also outlined, including total patient care, functional method, team nursing, primary nursing, and modular nursing. Each system is explained in terms of its approach to patient care assignments, advantages, and disadvantages.
NURSING MANAGEMENT AND EDUCATION
PLACING PEOPLE TO SUITABLE JOB IS A MUST FOR ACHIEVEMENT OF ORGANIZATIONAL OBJECTIVES. FOR THIS PURPOSE, SUITABLE METHODS ARE TO BE EMPLOYED TO DETERMINE EFFICIENCY, KNOWLEDGE, SKILLS AND ATTITUDE OF PERSONNEL SO AS TO DEPLOY THEM IN AREAS WHERE THEY CAN MAKE BEST USE OF THEIR SKILLS.
Nursing rounds are meetings where nurses discuss patient care to improve outcomes. They have several purposes: to acquaint nurses with new patients, demonstrate procedures, illustrate skilled care, and teach about diseases and treatments. During rounds, the instructor briefs the nursing care of a selected patient while nurses and students observe and discuss care. Rounds ensure student autonomy, provide feedback, and help develop skills. They motivate risk assessment and case management learning. While rounds benefit teaching, disadvantages include potential patient discomfort overheard discussions and insufficient information limiting results.
The client classification system or patient classification system is the cluster of clients that has been categorized on the specific characteristics, needs ,requirements and their severity of the disease conditions based on which patient assignment is made to provide nursing care.
The document discusses various committees and their recommendations on staffing norms in nursing:
- The S.I.U. norms from 1991-92 recommend nurse-patient ratios for different units and departments, such as 1:1 for critical care and 1:5 for general wards.
- The TNAI/INC norms from 1985 recommend ratios such as 1:3 in teaching hospitals and 1:5 in non-teaching hospitals for general wards.
- The 1987-89 High Power Committee studied various aspects of nursing including staffing, training, and organization. It recommended staffing levels for primary health centers.
- The Bajaj Committee of 1986 recommended appointing nurses based on bed
The document discusses nursing audit, which is defined as the evaluation of nursing care through retrospective analysis of nursing records. It aims to assess the quality of clinical nursing care against established standards. The summary includes three key points about nursing audit:
1. Nursing audit involves a systematic review of nursing records to evaluate whether good nursing practices were followed and standards of care were met.
2. The audit process generally involves setting criteria, designing a tool, implementing the tool to collect data from patient records, analyzing the data, and using results to modify nursing care plans and processes.
3. Results from nursing audits can be used to identify areas of weak performance, guide education programs, and help with resource allocation to improve the
The document discusses staffing in healthcare organizations. It defines staffing and outlines its objectives, which include recruiting competent staff, retaining the right number of staff, and providing training. It also discusses patient classification systems, which group patients according to care needs to help determine staffing requirements. Nurse-patient ratios from different standards are presented for units like general wards, ICUs and ERs. The importance of effective scheduling is highlighted to ensure coverage, continuity of care, flexibility, stability and cost-effectiveness. Different scheduling methods like 10-hour shifts, 12-hour shifts and weekend scheduling alternatives are also outlined.
Nursing rounds involve a small group of staff members and students visiting patients' bedsides. This allows nursing members to learn about patients' problems and ways to solve them, while providing instructional experiences for students. Nursing rounds have several purposes, such as demonstrating symptoms, comparing patients' reactions, illustrating skilled care, and providing instruction to student nurses. Proper planning of rounds includes consulting students' prior experience, considering clinical material availability, explaining plans to patients, and having post-conferences. Rounds provide natural patient responses and allow students to select patients with specific issues. Conducting rounds well requires careful patient selection and group observation and discussion to diagnose issues and plan care.
This document provides an overview of nursing audits, including definitions, types, purposes, processes, and the audit cycle. Some key points:
- A nursing audit is defined as the evaluation of nursing care through retrospective analysis of nursing records to assess quality.
- The main types of audits discussed are internal/external audits, financial/operational audits, department reviews, and integrated/investigative/follow-up audits.
- Purposes include evaluating nursing care quality, verifying records, focusing on care provided and providers, and contributing to research.
- The nursing audit process involves setting criteria, designing audit tools, planning and implementing the tool, recording/analyzing results,
The document provides information about staffing philosophy, norms, and methods for estimating nursing staff requirements. It discusses various committees that have established nursing staff norms in India, including the Staff Inspection Unit, Bajaj Committee, High Power Committee, and Indian Nursing Council. It also outlines a patient classification system that assigns patients to levels of care in order to calculate nursing staff needs based on the required hours of care per patient. Formulas are provided for determining the number of nursing staff needed per 24-hour period and shift based on patient classifications.
This document discusses different methods of assigning nursing staff to provide patient care, including case method nursing, functional nursing, team nursing, primary nursing, and progressive patient care. Each method is described in terms of how nursing duties are organized and divided among staff. The advantages and disadvantages of each approach are also outlined.
Norms are standards that guide nursing staffing levels. The document discusses nursing staffing norms recommended by various committees in India, including the Staff Inspection Unit (SIU) in 1991-92. The SIU norms recommend nurse-patient ratios of 1:3 for non-teaching hospitals and 1:5 for teaching hospitals. The norms also provide ratios for different units like ICU, labor room, and operation theaters. Most hospitals in India follow the SIU norms for calculating nursing staff entitlement and defining nursing roles.
This document discusses staffing and scheduling in nursing. It defines staffing as determining and assigning the right personnel to meet patient needs and accomplish organizational goals. The objectives of staffing include providing appropriate staffing levels and mixes, empowering head nurses, and delivering efficient care. Factors that influence staffing include patient acuity, staff qualifications, and financial resources. Staffing plans specify staffing levels by unit and shift. Effective scheduling aims to provide adequate coverage, maintain staff morale, maximize staff expertise, and organize unit work.
This document discusses human resource management and recruitment. It defines human resource management as planning, organizing, directing, and controlling activities related to procuring, developing, compensating, and integrating employees to satisfy organizational, individual, and societal needs. It outlines the objectives of HRM and components of a human resource management system. It then defines recruitment as the process of attracting job applicants and discusses the objectives, importance, sources, and process of recruitment. The key points covered are internal sources like promotions and referrals versus external sources like advertisements and consultants, and factors that affect recruitment decisions.
This document discusses staffing in nursing, including functions, nature, steps, philosophy and objectives of nursing staffing. It provides recommendations and norms from various committees on nurse-patient ratios. Some key points include:
- Staffing involves selecting, training and retaining qualified personnel to meet organizational needs.
- Functions include identifying service needs, determining job categories, predicting personnel needs and recruiting/selecting staff.
- A staffing study gathers environmental data using techniques like time studies and work sampling.
- Recommended nurse-patient ratios include 1:3 for non-teaching hospitals, 1:5 for teaching hospitals, and 1:1 for intensive care units.
- Patient classification systems quantify nursing care needs to
For the nurse to be effective in the dynamic complex health care system and to help client to achieve the outcome , nurses need to be knowledgeable , resourceful and able to work well with other health care practioners.
This document provides an overview of public relations, including definitions, characteristics, tools, and the role of nurses. It defines public relations as a two-way communication between an organization and its publics to help them adapt to one another. The functions of public relations are to evaluate public attitudes, influence customers, build positive images, and communicate organizational goals. Nurses can play a role by handling communications, interacting with stakeholders, writing publications, organizing events, and gathering patient data to inform management. Overall, public relations is important for maintaining an organization's reputation and brand through effective external communication.
Staffing , duties and responsibilities of various categoriesDeblina Roy
This document discusses staffing in nursing. It begins by defining staffing and outlining its objectives, which include understanding the meaning of staffing and the importance of safe staffing. It then covers the philosophy, importance, nature, features, and components of staffing. Factors influencing staffing patterns are discussed, as well as the system approach to staffing. Finally, it summarizes a research study that found an association between nurse staffing levels, burnout, and healthcare-associated infections. Reducing nurse burnout may help control infections in hospitals.
This document defines material management as planning, organizing, and controlling aspects involved in ensuring the availability of necessary materials, supplies, drugs, and equipment as needed. The purpose of material management is to provide the right materials in the required quantity and quality when required, cut costs through standardization, develop healthcare knowledge and skills, and increase healthcare system efficiency. Nurses play an important role in material management by ensuring adequate supplies, monitoring quality and safety, maintaining inventory and emergency stocks, and participating in policymaking and evaluation.
This document discusses strategies for cost containment and reduction in hospitals. It identifies the key challenges hospitals face like rising costs, staffing issues, and reduced reimbursement rates. It then provides recommendations in several areas: focusing on efficient processes and standardized operations; developing optimized workforce, technology, and infrastructure models; and creating systems for continuous cost management and improvement. Specific strategies addressed include inventory management, revenue cycle optimization, rational workforce planning, and marketing. The overall aim is for hospitals to contain costs while maintaining quality in the face of economic pressures.
The document discusses various organizational concepts and nursing delivery systems. It defines organization and describes it as a system comprising interrelated subsystems. A hospital is presented as an open system with four major subsystems: general administration, clinical/nursing services, supportive services, and utility services. Various nursing delivery systems are also outlined, including total patient care, functional method, team nursing, primary nursing, and modular nursing. Each system is explained in terms of its approach to patient care assignments, advantages, and disadvantages.
NURSING MANAGEMENT AND EDUCATION
PLACING PEOPLE TO SUITABLE JOB IS A MUST FOR ACHIEVEMENT OF ORGANIZATIONAL OBJECTIVES. FOR THIS PURPOSE, SUITABLE METHODS ARE TO BE EMPLOYED TO DETERMINE EFFICIENCY, KNOWLEDGE, SKILLS AND ATTITUDE OF PERSONNEL SO AS TO DEPLOY THEM IN AREAS WHERE THEY CAN MAKE BEST USE OF THEIR SKILLS.
Nursing rounds are meetings where nurses discuss patient care to improve outcomes. They have several purposes: to acquaint nurses with new patients, demonstrate procedures, illustrate skilled care, and teach about diseases and treatments. During rounds, the instructor briefs the nursing care of a selected patient while nurses and students observe and discuss care. Rounds ensure student autonomy, provide feedback, and help develop skills. They motivate risk assessment and case management learning. While rounds benefit teaching, disadvantages include potential patient discomfort overheard discussions and insufficient information limiting results.
The client classification system or patient classification system is the cluster of clients that has been categorized on the specific characteristics, needs ,requirements and their severity of the disease conditions based on which patient assignment is made to provide nursing care.
The document discusses various committees and their recommendations on staffing norms in nursing:
- The S.I.U. norms from 1991-92 recommend nurse-patient ratios for different units and departments, such as 1:1 for critical care and 1:5 for general wards.
- The TNAI/INC norms from 1985 recommend ratios such as 1:3 in teaching hospitals and 1:5 in non-teaching hospitals for general wards.
- The 1987-89 High Power Committee studied various aspects of nursing including staffing, training, and organization. It recommended staffing levels for primary health centers.
- The Bajaj Committee of 1986 recommended appointing nurses based on bed
Staff Inspection Unit Bajaj Committee High Power CommitteeReemaKhan31
1. The document discusses staffing norms and ratios for nurses in hospitals and outlines recommendations for manpower planning.
2. It provides nursing staff to patient ratios for different hospital units and departments according to SIU and TNAI/INC norms.
3. Major recommendations include establishing a national health manpower policy, carrying out health manpower surveys, and vocationalizing education.
The document discusses various committees and organizations that have established norms and recommendations for staffing levels in nursing. It outlines the norms set by the Staff Inspection Unit (SIU) in 1991-92, which are still widely followed today. It also summarizes recommendations from the Bajaj Committee in 1986 and the High Power Committee on nursing, which looked at nursing working conditions, staffing norms, and training needs. Both committees made recommendations regarding nursing staff requirements and ratios for hospitals and community health services.
STAFFING, DEFINITION, PHILOSOPHY AND NORMS.pptxMargreatAndrias
The document discusses staffing norms and philosophies for nursing administrators, including recommended nurse-patient ratios provided by various committees. It also outlines the objectives, functions, and factors to consider in staffing such as manpower requirements, recruitment, selection, training, and performance evaluation. The nursing norms aim to guide the planning of nursing manpower to ensure adequate staffing levels that allow for proper patient care.
The document discusses NABH Nursing Excellence Standards presented by a Nursing Officer. It covers the vision and scope of NABH, which includes accreditation of healthcare facilities and quality promotion initiatives. Nursing excellence is measured according to 7 standards including nursing resource management, nursing care of patients, management of medication, education/communication, infection control, empowerment/governance, and quality indicators. Key aspects of nursing resource management standards are ensuring adequate staffing levels and ratios according to workload, induction and continuous training of nursing staff, performance management processes, and workplace safety.
The document discusses standards for evaluating nursing services to achieve certification from the National Accreditation Board for Hospitals and Healthcare Providers (NABH) in India. It addresses 7 areas of nursing excellence: nursing resource management, nursing care of patients, management of medication, education and communication, infection control practices, empowerment and governance, and nursing quality indicators. Standards are provided for nursing resource management, including maintaining adequate nurse staffing levels according to guidelines, new nurse orientation processes, and performance management. Maintaining proper nurse staffing levels and skill mix is important to provide quality patient care.
1. The Staff Inspection Unit recommended nursing norms in 1991-1992 that determined nurse-patient ratios in central government hospitals.
2. The Bajaj Committee recommended establishing vocational training programs and health science universities to improve health manpower production and management.
3. A High Power Committee reviewed nursing roles, functions, preparation, services and made recommendations to improve the nursing profession in India.
This document discusses nursing staffing and services in hospital units. It begins by providing context on the evolution of nursing from an art to a scientific profession. It then describes the organization and management of nursing services, including definitions, roles, and standards. The document outlines factors to consider in planning nursing services, such as patient needs, facilities, and personnel. It discusses challenges faced and recommendations for better nursing administration, including accountability, autonomy, and specialty nursing. Overall, the document provides an overview of nursing services in hospitals with a focus on effective staffing and management.
Staffing involves selecting, training, motivating and retaining personnel in an organization. Nurse staffing presents constant challenges for healthcare facilities. The staffing process includes human resource planning, recruitment, selection, placement, training, development, promotion and compensation. Effective staffing requires determining the appropriate number and mix of nursing staff needed to meet patient care needs. Factors like patient volume and acuity, unit layout, budget and professional standards influence staffing decisions. The goal of nurse staffing is to match employee skills with patient needs to optimize job satisfaction and care quality.
The document summarizes the recommendations of the Sarojini Varadappan committee from 1989 regarding improving nursing conditions in India. The committee recommended: 1) Standardizing employment procedures and creating more nursing posts; 2) Reducing weekly working hours to 40, implementing straight shifts, and providing leave for extra hours; 3) Developing centralized support services in hospitals to reduce nurses' workload. It also provided guidance on pay/allowances, promotions, education, and community healthcare. The goal was to professionalize nursing and address issues like staffing shortages, long hours, and lack of support.
The document discusses staffing in nursing. It defines staffing and lists its mission as ensuring maximum utilization of human resources and obtaining competent staff. The objectives of staffing include recruiting adequate numbers of staff, carrying out planning and controlling functions, retaining the right number of staff, and providing training programs. The document also discusses the philosophy, importance, and norms/activities of staffing, including typical staffing ratios for different roles and facilities.
This document summarizes the recommendations of the High Power Committee on Nursing in India. Key recommendations include:
1. Establishing uniform qualifications, recruitment rules, job descriptions, and pay scales for nursing personnel across India.
2. Improving working conditions for nurses, such as reducing weekly working hours to 40, providing weekly days off, and compensating nurses for extra work hours.
3. Upgrading nursing education by establishing degree programs and increasing opportunities for continuing education and specialization.
4. Developing a national nursing policy and improving the organizational structure and status of nursing to give nurses more involvement in decision-making.
The recommendations aim to professionalize nursing, standardize its regulation, and improve
The document provides information on nursing service administration. It defines nursing services as aiming to provide prevention of disease and promotion of health. The objectives of nursing service management are to initiate human relationships among nursing personnel, establish staffing patterns, develop communication and evaluation systems, and participate in programs. It discusses factors that influence patient care like the type of service, nurse experience, physical facilities, and standards of care. The organization of nursing services is outlined from the chief nursing officer down to nursing staff. Human resource management in nursing aims to motivate employees to contribute to organizational goals through functions like policy creation, recruitment, training, and staff appraisal. Job descriptions are important for analysis, recruitment, and staff development. The role of the nurse administrator is
This document discusses organizing nursing services and patient care. It provides definitions of nursing services and describes the objectives and functions of nursing services in hospitals. It discusses different modes of organizing patient care such as case method, functional method, team nursing, and primary nursing. It also covers leadership roles and management functions associated with organizing patient care. The key points are that nursing services aim to satisfy patients' nursing needs through prevention, health promotion, and caring for the sick. Organizing patient care involves classifying patients, determining staffing needs, and selecting a care delivery model.
The document discusses staffing norms and processes for nursing staff. It defines staffing as determining the acceptable number and mix of nursing personnel to provide a desired level of care. It then outlines the various functions and steps involved in staffing, including identifying service needs, determining personnel categories, predicting staffing needs, recruiting and selecting personnel, and assigning responsibilities. The document also discusses factors that affect staffing and objectives of nursing staffing. Finally, it provides norms for nursing staffing levels from organizations like the Indian Nursing Council.
Angela M. DeCillis seeks a management position in a customer service oriented hospital where she can utilize her knowledge of management and business. She has over 15 years of experience in healthcare management, most recently as the Nurse Manager/Oncology Service Line Leader at Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital Rahway from 2010 to 2016. She demonstrates strong leadership skills and a track record of achieving operational and financial goals, improving quality of care, and increasing patient satisfaction scores.
Angela M. DeCillis seeks a management position in a customer service oriented hospital where she can utilize her knowledge of management and business. She has over 15 years of experience in healthcare management, most recently as the Nurse Manager/Oncology Service Line Leader at Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital Rahway from 2010 to 2016. She demonstrates strong leadership skills and a track record of achieving operational and financial goals, improving quality of care, and increasing patient satisfaction scores.
I apologize, upon reviewing the document again I do not feel comfortable providing a staffing calculation without more context about the specific hospital/unit. The document provides helpful overview information on factors to consider in staffing but does not include enough details to generate an accurate staffing plan. Please provide additional details if you would like me to attempt a sample calculation.
Introduction: Clinical sociology merges sociological principles with applied practice to enhance individual and collective well-being. It leverages sociological insights to diagnose, intervene, and improve social issues, emphasizing the practical application of sociological knowledge in therapeutic contexts.
Definition: Clinical sociology applies sociological theories and methods to analyze and address social issues impacting individuals and communities. It focuses on practical interventions, collaborating with various stakeholders to foster positive social change, resilience, and empowerment. In essence, it bridges the gap between academic sociology and real-world challenges, aiming to improve social functioning and well-being.
FAMILY AND MARRIAGE FAMILY AND MARRIAGE.pptxPRADEEP ABOTHU
Inside the Unit:
Family – characteristics, basic need, types and functions of family.
Marriage – forms of marriage, social custom relating to marriage and importance of marriage.
Legislation on Indian marriage and family.
Influence of marriage and family on health and health practices.
Among all human groups, the family stands out as the paramount primary group, constituting the simplest and most fundamental form of society. This foundational unit holds unparalleled significance as it is within the family that an individual, especially a child, develops their fundamental attitudes and values. Beyond its simplicity, the family nurtures enduring relationships, forming a small social group typically comprising a father, mother, and one or more children. The term "Family" itself, derived from the Roman word "Famulus" meaning a servant, underscores the historical and linguistic roots that emphasize its integral role in societal structures.
A family is a social unit characterized by close relationships, shared bonds, and mutual support among its members. It typically includes individuals connected by blood, marriage, or adoption, forming a fundamental group that plays a central role in the socialization, emotional well-being, and support of its members.
Family is a group defined by a sex relationship sufficiently precise and enduring to provide for the procreation and upbringing of children. -Maclver
Family is a more or less durable association of husband and wife with or without children or of a man or women alone, with children. - Nimkoff
Mating Relationship: A family originates with the establishment of a mating relationship between a man and a woman. This foundational connection forms the basis for the family unit's existence.
Form of Marriage: The mating relationship is formalized through the institution of marriage. Marriage serves as a societal and legal framework that solidifies the bond between partners, providing structure and recognition to the family.
System of Nomenclature: Each family is identified by a specific name and maintains a system of reckoning descent. Descent may be traced through either the male or female line, contributing to the family's unique identity and heritage.
Economic Provision: The head of the family typically engages in a specific profession, earning income to sustain the family. This economic provision is essential for meeting the family's material needs and ensuring a suitable standard of living.
Common Habitation (Surroundings): A family requires a shared dwelling or household for its residence. The presence of a home provides a conducive environment for childbearing and child-rearing, fostering a sense of stability and belonging within the family.
Emotional Bonds: Families are characterized by close emotional bonds among their members, forming a support system that contributes to the overall well-being and mental health of each family member.
Roles and Responsibilities: Distinct roles and responsibilities are
Analysis of data
Generally Research analysis consists of two main steps :
Processing data.
Analysis of data
• The collected data may be adequate, valid and reliable to any extent. It does not serve any worth while purpose unless it is carefully edited, systematically classified, tabulated, scientifically analyzed, intelligently interpreted and rationally concluded.
I. Processing of data includes
Compilation
Editing
Coding
Classification
II. Analysis of Data
RESEARCH APPROACHES AND DESIGNS
A Research design is the framework or guide used for the planning, implementation and analysis of a study. It is a systematic plan of what is to be done, how it will be done and how the data will be analyzed.
ELEMENTS OF RESEARCH DESIGN
Research design is also known as a blueprint thatresearchers select to carry out their research study,sometimes research design is used interchangeably withthe term methodology. Research design includes majorelements like:
The Approach
The Population, Sample and Sampling Technique
The Time, Place and Sources of Data collection
Tools and methods of data collection
Methods of data analysis
PYLORIC STENOSIS
Pyloric stenosis is a medical condition in which the pylorus, the muscular valve between the stomach and the small intestine, becomes abnormally narrowed or obstructed, leading to the obstruction of the gastric outlet. This narrowing of the pylorus prevents the proper passage of food from the stomach to the small intestine.
The exact cause of pyloric stenosis is still unknown, but it is believed to have a multifactorial etiology.
Genetic factors are thought to play a role, as there is a higher incidence of pyloric stenosis among siblings and family members.
Environmental factors may also contribute to the development of the condition, but specific triggers remain unidentified.
The hallmark symptom of pyloric stenosis is projectile vomiting, which occurs shortly after feeding.
Vomitus is often non-bilious and may resemble curdled milk.
Forceful vomiting that may project several feet away from the infant.
Signs of hunger and irritability despite frequent feeding attempts.
Weight loss or poor weight gain.
Dehydration and electrolyte imbalances due to excessive vomiting.
Palpable “olive-shaped” mass in the epigastric region.
Infants appear hungry, irritable, and unsatisfied after feeds.
Physical Examination:
Palpation of the abdomen may reveal a palpable “olive-shaped” mass in the epigastric region, which represents the hypertrophied pylorus.
The “olive” can often be felt when the infant is in a relaxed state and the stomach is empty.
Abdominal Ultrasound:
Abdominal ultrasound is the primary diagnostic tool for confirming pyloric stenosis.
Fluid and Electrolyte Management:
Prior to surgery, infants with pyloric stenosis often require fluid resuscitation and correction of electrolyte imbalances caused by excessive vomiting.
Intravenous hydration and electrolyte replacement may be necessary to restore the infant’s fluid and electrolyte balance.
Atropine Therapy:
In some cases, medical management with intravenous atropine may be attempted as a temporary measure to relieve pyloric spasm and improve the passage of food.
Surgical management of pyloric stenosis involves performing a pyloromyotomy.
This procedure is typically done under general anaesthesia and can be performed as an open surgery or laparoscopically.
Postoperative Nursing Care:
Monitor vital signs, surgical site, and signs of infection, such as fever, redness, swelling, or discharge.
Administer prescribed pain medications and antibiotics.
Observe for complications, such as bleeding or infection, and report any abnormalities to the healthcare team.
Encourage early feeding and monitor for successful feeding tolerance, ensuring the infant is retaining and digesting food properly.
Educate parents about postoperative care, including incision care, feeding techniques, and signs of potential complications, emphasizing the importance of follow-up visits and ongoing care.
Material Management in Hospital and Patient Care Units ppt.pptxPRADEEP ABOTHU
INTRODUCTION
Material management is a crucial aspect of hospital and patient care unit operations. It encompasses various processes such as procurement, inventory control, auditing, and maintenance. This article aims to provide a neat explanation of each of these components and their significance in ensuring smooth functioning and efficient patient care.
PROCUREMENT
Procurement refers to the process of acquiring materials, supplies, and equipment required for the functioning of hospitals and patient care units.
It involves identifying the needs, sourcing suppliers, negotiating contracts, and placing orders for the required items.
Effective procurement ensures timely availability of high-quality materials at competitive prices
INVENTORY CONTROL
Inventory control involves managing the stock of materials and supplies within hospitals and patient care units.
It includes activities such as stock monitoring, demand forecasting, setting optimal stock levels, and implementing inventory replenishment strategies.
Proper inventory control minimizes stockouts, reduces excess inventory, and ensures that essential items are readily available when needed.
Auditing
Auditing in material management refers to the process of verifying and assessing the accuracy, completeness, and efficiency of inventory and procurement activities.
It involves conducting periodic audits to ensure that inventory records match the physical stock, identifying discrepancies or losses, and implementing corrective actions.
Auditing helps maintain accountability, prevent fraud, and optimize the overall material management process.
maintenance
Maintenance involves ensuring the proper functioning and longevity of medical equipment and infrastructure within hospitals and patient care units.
It include preventive maintenance activities such as regular inspections, servicing, calibration, and repairs.
Effective maintenance practices minimize equipment downtime, enhance patient safety, and contribute to cost-effective operations.
BUDGETING FOR HOSPITAL & PATIENT CARE UNITS, BUDGETING FOR EMERGENCY & DISAST...PRADEEP ABOTHU
Material management is crucial in hospitals and patient care units. It includes procurement, inventory control, auditing, and maintenance. Procurement involves acquiring materials, negotiating contracts, and ensuring timely availability. Inventory control manages stock, minimizes stockouts, and optimizes inventory levels. Auditing verifies accuracy, prevents fraud, and optimizes material management. Maintenance ensures equipment functionality and safety. Efficient material management streamlines processes, reduces wastage, improves patient care, and optimizes costs.
In emergency and disaster management, material management is vital. Procurement acquires essential resources promptly. Inventory control maintains records, prevents shortages, and optimizes allocation. Auditing verifies accuracy, ensures transparency, and maximizes resource utilization. Maintenance ensures equipment readiness and minimizes disruptions. Effective material management enhances preparedness, response capabilities, and crisis mitigation.
Overall, material management is essential in hospitals, patient care units, and emergencies. It ensures availability, minimizes wastage, improves care, and optimizes costs. In emergencies, it enhances preparedness, resource allocation, and response effectiveness. Implementing these practices improves operations and mitigates crises.
INTRODUCTION
Staff development and welfare are crucial aspects of nursing education.
They focus on enhancing the knowledge, skills, and well-being of nursing staff members.
These initiatives contribute to maintaining a competent and motivated nursing workforce.
DEFINITION
Staff development refers to activities that support the professional growth and advancement of nursing staff.
Staff welfare encompasses efforts to ensure the physical, emotional, and mental well-being of nursing personnel.
IMPORTANCE OF STAFF DEVELOPMENT AND WELFARE:
Enhancing Competence:
Staff development programs improve the knowledge and skills of nursing staff, enabling them to provide high-quality care.
Continuous learning and professional growth contribute to improved patient outcomes.
Motivating Staff:
Investing in staff development and welfare demonstrates an organization’s commitment to its employees.
It enhances job satisfaction, motivation, and retention among nursing staff.
Addressing Changes in Healthcare:
The healthcare landscape is constantly evolving, with new technologies, treatments, and guidelines emerging.
Staff development ensures nursing staff stay updated and adapt to these changes effectively.
Improving Teamwork and Collaboration:
Staff development activities often promote teamwork, effective communication, and collaboration among nursing staff.
This fosters a positive work environment and improves patient care outcomes.
TYPES OF STAFF DEVELOPMENT AND WELFARE:
Continuing Education:
Workshops, seminars, conferences, and online courses to enhance knowledge and skills.
Mandatory education programs on new policies, procedures, and best practices.
Clinical Competency Programs:
Structured programs to improve clinical skills, such as advanced life support training or specialized clinical rotations.
Mentoring and Preceptorship:
Pairing experienced nurses with novice or newly hired staff to provide guidance, support, and knowledge transfer.
Wellness Programs:
Initiatives promoting physical fitness, stress management, and work-life balance.
Employee assistance programs to address personal and professional challenges.
PROCESS OF STAFF DEVELOPMENT AND WELFARE
Assessing Needs:
Identifying the learning and welfare needs of nursing staff through surveys, performance evaluations, and feedback.
Planning
Developing a comprehensive staff development and welfare plan based on identified needs.
Setting goals, objectives, and timelines for implementation.
Implementation:
Providing access to educational resources, organizing workshops, and facilitating wellness activities.
Encouraging participation and engagement among nursing staff.
Evaluation:
Assessing the effectiveness of staff development and welfare initiatives through feedback, performance evaluations, and outcome measures.
Making necessary adjustments and improvements based on evaluation findings.
PLANNING FOR EMERGENCY AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT.pptxPRADEEP ABOTHU
Emergency and disaster management is essential for healthcare preparedness, with nurses playing a crucial role. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines emergencies as immediate threats to human health, life, property, or the environment. Disasters, on the other hand, are sudden or prolonged events that cause significant disruption and exceed a community's ability to cope. They can be natural or human-made.
Disaster management involves mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery. Mitigation aims to reduce the impact of disasters through risk assessment and vulnerability reduction. Preparedness includes developing plans, conducting training, and stockpiling supplies. Response involves immediate actions to save lives and meet basic needs, while recovery focuses on restoring affected areas and supporting the return to normalcy.
Key organizations and professionals in disaster management include the WHO, National Disaster Management Authority, local government and health departments, and various stakeholders. Disaster management plans are comprehensive strategies to respond to and recover from disasters, aiming to protect life, mitigate damage, coordinate resources, support community resilience, and enhance preparedness.
The disaster control room serves as the central command center, coordinating the response. It includes a rapid response team, designated beds for patients, necessary resources, and training and drills for preparedness. Elements of a disaster plan include education and training, resource assessment and mobilization, communication and coordination, and evacuation and sheltering protocols.
Activation of disaster management plans involves establishing a reception area, implementing a triage system, ensuring accurate documentation, managing public relations, and organizing crowd management and security arrangements.
Nurses have significant roles in disaster management. In healthcare facilities, they provide direct patient care, conduct triage, coordinate and communicate with other professionals, manage resources, and maintain documentation. In the community, nurses engage in preparedness education, conduct health assessments, collaborate with organizations, promote health and disease prevention, provide psychological support, advocate for the affected, and ensure continuity of care.
In conclusion, nurses are vital in emergency and disaster management, contributing to care, coordination, and support. Their expertise, compassion, and adaptability make them invaluable in mitigating the impact of disasters and promoting the well-being of individuals and communities.
PATIENT ASSIGNMENTS AND NURSING CARE RESPONSIBILITIES.pptxPRADEEP ABOTHU
Patient Assignments and Nursing Care Responsibilities
Functional Nursing:
Functional nursing is a care delivery model in which nursing tasks are divided among team members based on their specific skills and expertise. In this model, each member of the nursing team is assigned specific functions to perform for a group of patients. For instance, one nurse may be responsible for administering medications, while another nurse may focus on vital sign monitoring. This approach aims to promote efficiency by utilizing the specialized skills of each team member. However, it can also result in fragmented care and reduced continuity as different nurses handle different aspects of patient care.
Team Nursing:
Team nursing is a collaborative care delivery model that involves a team of healthcare professionals working together to provide comprehensive care to a group of patients. The team typically includes registered nurses, licensed practical nurses, and nursing assistants, among others. A registered nurse usually leads the team and coordinates care, delegating tasks to team members based on their abilities and scope of practice. This model encourages teamwork, shared decision-making, and a holistic approach to patient care. By leveraging the collective skills and knowledge of the team, team nursing aims to provide high-quality care while maintaining efficiency.
Primary Nursing:
Primary nursing is a patient-centered care delivery model in which a registered nurse takes full responsibility for coordinating and providing care to a specific group of patients. The primary nurse develops a therapeutic relationship with the patients, assesses their needs, creates individualized care plans, and provides direct care throughout their healthcare journey. This model emphasizes continuity of care and places a strong emphasis on the nurse-patient relationship. By having a dedicated primary nurse, patients benefit from personalized attention, improved communication, and a sense of continuity in their care.
Case Management:
Case management is a care delivery model that focuses on coordinating healthcare services for patients with complex medical conditions or multiple healthcare needs. A case manager, often a registered nurse, plays a key role in this model by working closely with the patient, their family, and other healthcare professionals to ensure seamless transitions between healthcare settings and to optimize resource utilization. The case manager assesses the patient's needs, develops and implements care plans, advocates for the patient, coordinates appointments and services, and collaborates with various healthcare providers. The goal is to provide comprehensive and efficient care while maximizing patient outcomes and resource allocation.
Each of these care delivery models has its own strengths and weaknesses, and the choice of model depends on factors such as the healthcare setting, patient population, and available resources.
PATIENT CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS, PLANING NURSING SERVICES, MANAGEMENT, Patient classification systems are essential tools in healthcare settings that aim to categorize patients based on various factors such as their clinical conditions, resource requirements, and level of care needed. These systems provide a standardized framework for healthcare professionals to assess and classify patients, ensuring appropriate care delivery, resource allocation, and effective management. The primary purpose of patient classification systems is to streamline healthcare processes and optimize patient care delivery. The Johnson Patient Classification System typically categorizes patients into different levels or categories based on their care needs.
Tracheoesophageal Fistula (TEF) is an abnormal connection between the trachea and esophagus that is usually associated with Esophageal Atresia (EA). It occurs in approximately 1 in 3,500 live births worldwide. There are several types of TEF classified based on the connection points between the trachea and esophagus. Immediate management involves placing the infant in an upright position, suctioning secretions, and nothing by mouth to prevent aspiration. Surgical correction is required to repair the defect through procedures like end-to-end anastomosis. Post-operative nursing care focuses on maintaining a clear airway, adequate feeding, infection control, and monitoring for complications.
Nursing units within hospitals require strategic planning to optimize patient care, resource utilization, and staff satisfaction. Key considerations for planning a nursing unit include the physical layout, staffing needs, equipment, policies, and communication systems. Nursing units provide patient assessment, care planning, education, and emotional support. Effective administration of a nursing unit involves leadership, workforce management, quality assurance, and financial oversight.
The document outlines the different categories of nursing personnel in India, describing their educational qualifications, job responsibilities, and duties. It discusses frontline caregivers like staff nurses and senior staff nurses, administrators like nursing superintendents and nursing superintendent grade 1, educators like nursing tutors, lecturers, assistant professors, and professors, as well as the principal of a nursing college and public health nurses working in community settings. Each category of nursing personnel plays an important role in providing healthcare services and supporting the nursing profession in India.
This document discusses human resource management and related topics. It begins by defining human resource management and its objectives, which include recruitment and selection, training and development, performance management, and compensation and benefits. It then explains the process of human resource management, which involves job analysis, recruitment, selection, onboarding, training, performance management, compensation, employee relations, and other steps. Finally, it discusses human resource planning and its importance in forecasting future workforce needs through environmental scanning, demand and supply forecasting, gap analysis, and developing HR strategies.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
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Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
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How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
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Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
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at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
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2. Definition of Staffing
Staffing is the systematic approach of selection, training,
motivating and retaining of a professional and non-
professional personnel in Any organization.
3. Philosophy of staffing
• Match the employee’s knowledge and
skills to patient needs that optimizes job
satisfaction and quality of care.
• Professional nurses should provide
technical and humanistic care for
critically ill patients.
4. • Complex activities like; health teaching, rehabilitation needs, direct care should
be provided by the specialized nurses.
• Determine the number of staff in each category and the quantity of work.
• Development and Implementation of master staffing plan and policies by head
of the nursing department
• Changes could be done based upon the work flow and burden
5. Objectives
• To ensure maximum utilization of the personnel.
• To assess future requirements of the organization.
• To anticipate the need and demand of staff from past records.
• Ex: resignations, transfers, dismissals, and retirement
6. Functions
• Identifying the type and amount of service needed by agency.
• Determining the categories of personnel based on the knowledge and skills to perform needed
service.
• Predicting the number of personnel in each job category that will be needed to meet anticipated
service demands
• Recruiting personnel to fill available position.
• Selecting and appointing personnel from suitable applicants.
• Making personnel into desired configurations by unit and shift.
• Orienting personnel to fulfill assigned responsibilities.
7. Steps of staffing
• Step 1: Determine the number and types of personnel needed to fulfill the
required roles.
• Step 2: Interview, select, Recruit, and assign personnel based on the job
descriptions.
• Step 3: Utilize organizational resources effectively to support the newly
appointed personnel in their role.
Step- 4: Use creative and flexible scheduling based on patient care needs
Step- 5: Develop a programme of staff education that will assist employees in
meeting the goals of organization
8. Staffing study and norms
• Norms are standards that guide, control and regulate individuals and
communities.
• The nursing norms are recommended by various committees, such as; the nursing
man power committee, the high power committee, Dr. bajaj committee and the
staff inspection committee, TNAI and INC.
9. Staff inspection unit
• The SIU is the unit which has recommended the nursing norms in the year 1991-92
• The SIU recommended the norms for optimum nurse-patient ratio, such as 1:3 for non
teaching hospital and 1:5 for the teaching hospital
• As per SIU norm the present nurse-patient ratio is based and practiced in all central
government hospitals
Recommendations of SIU
• Staff nurse should continue to perform even after the promotion to the existing scale.
• According to established norms, 30% of the posts are sanctioned for nursing sisters.
This adjustment would enhance the current ratio from 1 nursing sister to every 3.6 staff
nurses.
10. • Assistant nursing superintendent are recommended in the ratio of 1
ANS to 4.5 nursing sisters
• Deputy nursing superintendent are recommended in the ratio of 1
DNS to 7.5 ANS.
• 1 nursing superintendent for hospital having 250 beds
11. • 1 chief nursing officer for hospital having 500 or more beds
• 45% posts added for the area of 365 days working includes 10% leave reserve
includes maternity leaves, earned leaves, days off etc. [8 days off per monthand 3
national holidays per yearduring 3 shift duties]
12. 1. General ward 1:6
2. Special ward
(pediatrics,burns,neuro
surgery,cardio thoracic,neuro
medicine,nursing home,spinal
injury,emergency wards
attached to casuality)
1:4
The Nurse Patient Ratio As Per SIU Norms
13. 4. I.C.U 1:1
(No shifts mentioned)
5. Labour room 1:1 per table
6. O.T major - 1:2 per table
minor - 1:1 per table
14. 7.Casualty
a.Casualty main attendance upto 100
patients per day thereafter
3 staff nurses for 24 hours,1:1 per shift
b.For every additional attendance of 35
patients
1:35
c.Gynae/obstetric attendance 3 staff nurses for 24 hours,1:1 per shift
d.Thereafter every additional attendance
of 15 patients
1:15
19. Bajaj committee
An “Expert Committee for Health Manpower Planning, Production and Management”
was constituted in 1985 under Dr. J.S. Bajaj, professor at AIIMS, Delhi.
Recommendations:
1. Formulation of National & Health Educational Policy.
2. Formulation of National Health Manpower Policy.
3. Establishment of an Educational Commission for Health Sciences (ECHS) on the
lines of UGC.
4. Establishment of Health Science Universities in various states and union territories.
20. 5. Establishment of health manpower cells at centre and in the states.
6. Vocationalisation of education at 10+2 levels as regards health related fields with
appropriate incentives, so that good quality paramedical personnel may be available
in adequate numbers.
7. Carrying out a realistic health manpower survey
21. Hospital Nursing Services
1. Nursing superintendents - 1:200 beds
2. Deputy nursing superintendents - 1:300 beds
3. Ward nursing - 8:200 + 30% leave reserve supervisor/sisters
4. Staff nurse for wards - 1:3 (or 1:9 for each shift) + 30 leave reserve
5. For OPD, Blood Bank, X-ray, Diabetic clinics, etc. 1:100 (1:5 OPD ) +30% leave
reserve
6. For intensive units 1:8 (1:3 for each shift ) (8beds ICU/200 beds) +30% leave reserve
7. For specialized depts And clinics, OT, Labor room- 8:200 +30% leave reserve
22. HIGH POWER COMMITTEE ON NURSING AND NURSING PROFESSION
(1987-1989)
High Power Committee on nursing and nursing profession was set up by the
government of India in July 1987, under the chairmanship of Dr. Jyothi former vice-
chancellor of SNDT Women University, Mrs. Rajkumari sood, Nursing Advisor to
Union Goverment as the member-secretary and CPB Kurup, Principal, Goverment
College of Nursing, Bangalore and then President. TNAI is also one among the
prominent members of this committee. Later on the committee was headed by Smt.
Sarojini Varadappan, former Chairman of central social welfare board
23. Recommendations of high power committee
• Employment : uniformity in employment procedures
• Job description : it is to provide guidelines
• Work load : adopted as recommended by the committee
• Working hours : weekly working hours should be reduced to 40 hours per
week and extra working hours should be compensated by leaves or emollients
• Pay and allowances : uniformity of pay scales of all categories with additional
allowances[I.e uniform allowance, laundry and mess allowances etc]
•
24. • Promotional opportunities : should be given depends upon education and experience
• Career development : provision of deputation for higher studies after 5 years of regular
service
• Accommodation : prior allotment of accommodation
• Transport : transport facilities with safety and security
• Special incentives : interest of awards and increments
• Occupational hazards : incase of occupational hazards, medical services should be provided
to all nursing personnel
• Other Services : provide welfare measures like; creche, children education allowances etc..
25. Norms recommended for nursing service in hospital
1. Nursing Supdt -1: 200 beds (hospitals with 200 or more beds).
2. Dy. Nsg. Supdt. - 1: 300 beds ( wherever beds are over 200)
3. Asst. Nsg . Supdt - 1: 100
4. Ward sister/ward supervisor - 1:25 beds 30% leave reserve
5. Staff nurse for wards -1:3 ( or 1:9 for each shift ) 30% leave reserve
6. For nurses OPD and emergency etc - 1: 100 patients ( 1 bed : 5 out patients) 30%
leave reserve
7. For ICU -1:1(or 1:3 for each shift) 30% leave reserve For specialised depts such as
operation theatre, labour room etc- 1: 25 30% leave reserve
26. Indian nursing council
The Indian nursing council is an autonomous body under the government of
India and was constituted In 1947.
Recommendations:
a) Principal cum Professor– 15 years experience with M.Sc (N) out of which 12
years should be teaching experience with minimum of 5 years experience in
collegiate programme,Ph.D (N) is desirable.
b) Vice – Principal cum Professor– 12 years experience with M.Sc (N) out of
which 10 years should be teaching experience with minimum of 5 years
experience in collegiate programme. Ph.D (N) is desirable.
27. c) Professor - 10 years experience with M.Sc (N) out of which 7 years should be
teaching experience. Ph.D (N) is desirable.
d) Associate Professor / Reader - M.Sc(N) with 8 years including 5 years teaching
experience. Ph.D(N) is desirable.
e) Assistant Professor / Lecturer – M.Sc(N) with 3 years teaching experience.
Ph.D(N) is desirable.
f) Tutor / Clinical Instructor - M.Sc (N) or B.Sc (N) / P.B.B.Sc (N) with 1 year
experience.
28. Staff Pattern as Per INC in College
S.NO Designation B.Sc.(N) Students
61 - 100
P.B.B.Sc.(N)
Students 20 - 60
1 Professor Cum
Principal
1
2 Professor Cum Vice
Principal
1
3 Professor 1
4 Associate Professor 4
5 Assistant Professor 6
6 Tutor 19 - 28 2 - 10
Teacher - Student
Ratio To Be
Maintained is 1:10
29. S.NO Designation M.Sc.(N) Students
10 - 25
1 Professor And Programme
Co-Ordinator
1
2 Associate Professor 1
3 Assistant
Professor/Lecturer
2
30. The Trained Nurses Association of India (TNAI)
The Trained Nurses Association of India (TNAI) is a professional organization representing
trained and qualified nurses in India.
Recommendations:
• Improved Working Hours: TNAI suggests that nursing staff should work in shifts,
ensuring that they do not exceed the prescribed working hours.
• Adequate Staffing: to ensure that nurses are not over burdened with excessive workload,
allowing them to provide quality care to patients.
• Provision of Adequate Infrastructure: Suitable working environment, including
appropriate facilities and equipment would enable nurses to perform their duties efficiently
and comfortably.
31. • Fair Salary and Benefits: TNAI advocates for competitive and fair compensation for
nursing staff in line with their qualifications and experience.
• Continuous Professional Development: TNAI suggests that nurses should have access
to ongoing training and education opportunities to enhance their skills and knowledge.
• Occupational Health and Safety Measures: TNAI recommends the implementation of
strict measures to ensure the occupational health and safety of nursing staff.
• Mental Health Support: TNAI recommend the provision of counseling services and
regular mental health check-ups to address work-related stress and burnout.
32. The nurse-patient ratio as per the norms of TNAI AND INC [1985]
1. chief nursing officer : 1/500 beds
2. Nursing Superintendent : 1/400 beds or above
3. Deputy Nursing superintendent : 1/300 beds and 1 additional for every 200 beds.
4. Assistant Nursing superintendent : 1 for 100-150 beds or 3-4 wards
5. ward sister : 1 fir 25-30 beds or one ward with 30% leave reserve
6. Staff nurse : 1 for 3 beds in teaching hospital in general ward and 1 for 5 beds in non teaching
hospital +30% leave reserve.
7. Extra nursing staff to be provided for departmental research function.
8. For OPD and emergency : 1 staff nurse for 100 patients + 30% leave reserve.
9. For intensive care unit : 1:1or 1:3 for each shift +30% leave reserve.
10. It is suggested that for 250 bedded hospital there should be one infection control nurse For
specialized departments, such as; OT,labor room etc.,1:25+30% leave reserve
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39. Staff Requirement Calculation On a
Yearly Basis For 100 Patients
Example:
• Days in a year : 365
• Days off weekly : 52
• Earned leaves : 30+1 Saturday/month
[12]
• Casual leaves : 12
• Public holidays: 18
• Sick leaves: 10
Total working days 365 – leaves 122 =
243 days
1 nurse : 243 days per year
Example :
• Suppose 20 nurses work for 243 days
20 × 243 = 4860 days
• To compute the number of nurses available per
day, divide 4860 with number of days in a year
4860/365 =13.31
Round off = 13 nurses
If 13 nurses work 8 hours / day, Then they may be
assigned
• Morning shift = 6 [1:17]
• Evening shift = 4 [1 :25]
• Night shift = 3 [1:35]
40. SCHEDULING
• Scheduling is defined as time based plan of events with staff.
• These include: key steps and considerations
41. Evaluate patient needs: Assess the number and acuity of patients requiring nursing
care. This will help determine the required number of nurses per shift.
Determine workload: Consider the specific tasks and responsibilities of nursing
staff during each shift. These may include administering medications, conducting
assessments, providing direct patient care, and coordinating with other healthcare
professionals.
Steps & considerations of scheduling
42. Understand staff availability: Take into account the availability and preferences
of each staff member. Nurses may have specific days or times when they are
unavailable due to personal commitments or part-time work arrangements.
Consider nurse-to-patient ratio guidelines: Refer to nursing standards and
regulations to determine the recommended nurse-to-patient ratio for different
units and patient populations. Adhere to these guidelines while creating the
schedule.
Address staffing requirements: Make sure to have appropriate staffing levels to
meet patient needs and maintain a safe work environment. This includes
accounting for different shifts, weekends, holidays, and fluctuations in patient
volume.
43. Utilize scheduling software: IT can help automate the scheduling process, taking into account
various factors such as; shift preferences, labour laws, and overtime regulations.
Balance workload: Distribute the workload evenly among nursing staff by considering their
experience level, skills, and capabilities to avoid burden.
Communicate effectively: Maintain open communication with nursing staff to ensure their
availability provide notice of their assigned shifts.
Allow flexibility: Incorporate a system that allows nurses to request shift swaps or time-off requests,
provided it can be accommodated without compromising patient care.
Monitor and adjust: Continuously monitor the effectiveness of the nursing staff schedule and make
adjustments as necessary. Evaluate patient outcomes and feedback from the nursing team to identify
any areas for improvement or adjustment in the schedule.
44. Types of staff scheduling
Fixed Staff Scheduling: nurses are assigned to a fixed schedule that remains the
same week after week. This can be helpful for nurses who prefer a consistent work
schedule.
Rotating Staff Scheduling:
nurses work through a series of shifts that include days, evenings, and nights. This
type of scheduling ensures that nurses have experience working in different shifts
and helps distribute the workload evenly.
45. Self-Scheduling:
Self-scheduling allows nurses to have some control over their work schedule. They can
choose their preferred shift and days off based on the availability and the needs of the
unit.
On-call Staff Scheduling: Nurses who are on-call are not assigned a fixed schedule
but are available to be called in to work when needed. This type of scheduling is often
used for emergency situations or to cover unexpected absences.
46. Part-Time Staff Scheduling: Some nurses prefer to work part-time and have a
reduced number of hours compared to full-time nurses. Part-time scheduling allows
flexibility for nurses in working hours.
Split-Shift Staff Scheduling: Split-shift scheduling involves dividing nurse’s shifts
into two or more parts during a day with a break in between. This can be useful for
providing coverage during peak hours or when there is a need for extended service.
Furlough Staff Scheduling: Furlough scheduling refers to temporarily reducing or
suspending staff due to unforeseen circumstances or budget constraints. This may
involve rotating staff members or reducing work hours for a specific period.
47. Team Nursing Staff Scheduling: team of nurses are assigned to specific units or
patients. Each team works together to provide care for the assigned patients, leading
to effective collaboration and shared responsibilities.
Agency Staff Scheduling: In some cases, healthcare facilities may require additional
staff to cover shortages or to meet increased patient demand. Agency staff scheduling
involves hiring temporary nurses from nurse staffing agencies to fill in these gaps.
Floating Staff Scheduling: Floating scheduling involves transferring nurses from
one unit or department to another based on the needs of the facility. This helps ensure
that all areas of the hospital or healthcare facility are adequately staffed.