The document discusses the development of the Versatile Video Coding (VVC) standard. It describes how a call for proposals was issued to develop coding tools beyond HEVC. 46 proposals were submitted across standard dynamic range, high dynamic range, and 360-degree video categories. The proposals were evaluated through subjective testing and shown to provide over 40% bitrate reduction compared to HEVC and over 10% reduction compared to the Joint Exploration Model, with the best proposals demonstrating visual quality equal or better than HEVC at higher bitrates. Seven proposals were identified as significantly better than the Joint Exploration Model. This marked the starting point for developing the VVC standard based on the selected coding tools from the top-performing proposals
The document discusses video compression history and standards, including codecs such as H.261, H.262/MPEG-2, H.263, H.264/AVC, H.265/HEVC, and the roles of organizations like MPEG, VCEG, and ITU-T in developing video coding standards to ensure interoperability. It also covers video encoding and decoding principles, as well as common container formats and their applications in areas like broadcasting, streaming, and storage.
This document provides an overview and comparison of the H.264 and HEVC video coding standards. It describes the key features and innovations that allow each standard to compress video more efficiently than previous standards. H.264 introduced features like adaptive block sizes, multi-frame prediction, quarter-pixel motion compensation and loop filtering that improved compression performance over prior standards. HEVC aims to further increase compression efficiency through innovations such as larger coding tree blocks, additional intra-prediction modes, and improved entropy coding. The document analyzes these standards to understand how their new coding tools enable significantly higher compression ratios and support for new applications like higher resolution video.
In October 2017, ISO/IEC JCT1 SC29/WG11 MPEG and ITU-T SG16/Q6 VCEG have jointly published a Call for Proposals on Video Compression with Capability beyond HEVC and its current extensions. It is targeting at a new generation of video compression technology that has substantially higher compression capability than the existing HEVC standard. The responses to the call are evaluated in April 2018, forming the kick-off for a new standardization activity in the Joint Video Experts Team (JVET) of VCEG and MPEG, with a target of finalization by the end of the year 2020. Three categories of video are addressed: Standard dynamic range video (SDR), high dynamic range video (HDR), and 360° video. While SDR and HDR cover variants of conventional video to be displayed e.g. on a suitable TV screen at very high resolution (UHD), the 360° category targets at videos capturing a full-degree surround view of the scene. This enables an immersive video experience with the possibility to look around in the rendered scene, e.g. when viewed using a head-mounted display. This application triggers various technical challenges which need to be addressed in terms of compression, encoding, transport, and rendering. The talk summarizes the current state of the complete standardization project. Focussing on the SDR and 360° video categories, it highlights the development of selected coding tools compared to the state of the art. Representative examples of the new technological challenges as well as corresponding proposed solutions are presented.
HEVC/H.265 is a video compression standard that provides around 50% better compression over H.264/AVC for the same level of video quality. It was finalized in 2013 by the joint collaboration of MPEG and ITU-T. Key features of HEVC include support for higher resolutions like 4K and 8K, improved parallel processing abilities, increased coding efficiency through larger block sizes and an expanded set of prediction modes.
Video coding is an essential component of video streaming, digital TV, video chat and many other technologies. This presentation, an invited lecture to the US Patent and Trade Mark Office, describes some of the key developments in the history of video coding.
Many of the components of present-day video codecs were originally developed before 1990. From 1990 onwards, developments in video coding were closely associated with industry standards such as MPEG-2, H.264 and H.265/HEVC.
The presentation covers:
- Basic concepts of video coding
- Fundamental inventions prior to 1990
- Industry standards from 1990 to 2014
- Video coding patents and patent pools.
The document discusses video compression history and standards, including codecs such as H.261, H.262/MPEG-2, H.263, H.264/AVC, H.265/HEVC, and the roles of organizations like MPEG, VCEG, and ITU-T in developing video coding standards to ensure interoperability. It also covers video encoding and decoding principles, as well as common container formats and their applications in areas like broadcasting, streaming, and storage.
This document provides an overview and comparison of the H.264 and HEVC video coding standards. It describes the key features and innovations that allow each standard to compress video more efficiently than previous standards. H.264 introduced features like adaptive block sizes, multi-frame prediction, quarter-pixel motion compensation and loop filtering that improved compression performance over prior standards. HEVC aims to further increase compression efficiency through innovations such as larger coding tree blocks, additional intra-prediction modes, and improved entropy coding. The document analyzes these standards to understand how their new coding tools enable significantly higher compression ratios and support for new applications like higher resolution video.
In October 2017, ISO/IEC JCT1 SC29/WG11 MPEG and ITU-T SG16/Q6 VCEG have jointly published a Call for Proposals on Video Compression with Capability beyond HEVC and its current extensions. It is targeting at a new generation of video compression technology that has substantially higher compression capability than the existing HEVC standard. The responses to the call are evaluated in April 2018, forming the kick-off for a new standardization activity in the Joint Video Experts Team (JVET) of VCEG and MPEG, with a target of finalization by the end of the year 2020. Three categories of video are addressed: Standard dynamic range video (SDR), high dynamic range video (HDR), and 360° video. While SDR and HDR cover variants of conventional video to be displayed e.g. on a suitable TV screen at very high resolution (UHD), the 360° category targets at videos capturing a full-degree surround view of the scene. This enables an immersive video experience with the possibility to look around in the rendered scene, e.g. when viewed using a head-mounted display. This application triggers various technical challenges which need to be addressed in terms of compression, encoding, transport, and rendering. The talk summarizes the current state of the complete standardization project. Focussing on the SDR and 360° video categories, it highlights the development of selected coding tools compared to the state of the art. Representative examples of the new technological challenges as well as corresponding proposed solutions are presented.
HEVC/H.265 is a video compression standard that provides around 50% better compression over H.264/AVC for the same level of video quality. It was finalized in 2013 by the joint collaboration of MPEG and ITU-T. Key features of HEVC include support for higher resolutions like 4K and 8K, improved parallel processing abilities, increased coding efficiency through larger block sizes and an expanded set of prediction modes.
Video coding is an essential component of video streaming, digital TV, video chat and many other technologies. This presentation, an invited lecture to the US Patent and Trade Mark Office, describes some of the key developments in the history of video coding.
Many of the components of present-day video codecs were originally developed before 1990. From 1990 onwards, developments in video coding were closely associated with industry standards such as MPEG-2, H.264 and H.265/HEVC.
The presentation covers:
- Basic concepts of video coding
- Fundamental inventions prior to 1990
- Industry standards from 1990 to 2014
- Video coding patents and patent pools.
Video Compression, Part 3-Section 1, Some Standard Video CodecsDr. Mohieddin Moradi
- ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29 and ITU-T are the main organizations that develop video coding standards through working groups like MPEG and VCEG.
- Early standards include H.261 for video telephony and conferencing, and MPEG-1 for DVD quality video.
- Later standards like H.264/AVC, HEVC, and future VVC provide increasingly higher compression through use of block transforms, motion compensation, and entropy coding in a hybrid video codec framework.
- Key organizations periodically collaborate through joint teams like JVT and JCT-VC to develop standards like AVC and HEVC.
The document provides an overview of the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard. Some key points:
- HEVC was created as a new video compression standard to address the growing needs of higher resolution video content and more efficient compression compared to prior standards like H.264.
- It achieves 50% bitrate reduction over H.264 for the same visual quality or improved quality at the same bitrate.
- The standard uses a block-based coding structure with coding tree units and supports intra-frame and inter-frame coding with motion estimation/compensation.
- It introduces more intra-prediction modes and block sizes along with improved transforms, quantization, and entropy coding.
Video coding standards define bitstream structures and decoding methods for video compression. Popular standards include MPEG-1/2/4 and H.264/HEVC developed by ISO/IEC and ITU-T. Standards are developed through identification of requirements, algorithm development, selection of core techniques, validation testing, and publication. They enable interoperability and future decoding of emerging standards. [/SUMMARY]
Bitmovin AV1/VVC Presentation_Streaming Media East by Christian FeldmannBitmovin Inc
This document provides an overview and update on AV1 and VVC video coding standards. It summarizes the novel technical features of each, including AV1 improvements like overlapped block motion compensation and affine motion, and VVC features like triangle partitioning and decoder-side motion refinement. Performance results show VVC provides around 30% better compression than HM 16.20, while AV1 is around 20% better. Both standards are still in development and neither has wide adoption yet. VVC licensing is unknown while AV1 remains free and open.
This document provides an overview of high dynamic range (HDR) technology and workflows for HDR video production and mastering. It discusses HDR standards like SMPTE ST 2084 and ARIB STB-B67, camera log curves, luminance levels, and tools for setting up HDR monitoring including waveform monitors. Specific topics covered include HDR graticules, setting luminance levels for highlights and grey points, and using zebra patterns and zoom modes to evaluate highlight levels in HDR images.
Introduction to H.264 Advanced Video CompressionIain Richardson
The document discusses H.264 advanced video compression. It provides an agenda that covers what H.264 is, how it works through prediction, transform and quantization techniques, its syntax, examples, and going deeper into its implementation. H.264 is widely used for video compression in broadcast digital TV, DVDs/Blu-Rays, IPTV, web video and mobile video. It works by predicting pixels from previous frames, applying transforms and quantization to remove redundant information, and using entropy coding techniques to further compress the data. The document provides resources to learn more about H.264 standards, implementations, and extensions.
1) The document discusses the high-level syntax of HEVC, including the video parameter set (VPS), sequence parameter set (SPS), and picture parameter set (PPS).
2) It describes the bitstream structure and how VPS, SPS, PPS, and slice data are organized in network abstraction layer (NAL) units.
3) Key coding units like coding tree blocks (CTBs), coding blocks (CBs), and coding units (CUs) are defined, as well as the quadtree partitioning syntax used in HEVC.
The document discusses high dynamic range (HDR) video technology including:
- Different HDR formats such as SMPTE ST 2084 (PQ), ARIB STB-B67/ITU-R BT.2100 (HLG)
- Code value ranges for 10-bit and 12-bit RGB and color difference signals in narrow and full ranges
- Recommendations for using narrow versus full signal ranges for PQ and HLG
- Transcoding concepts when converting between PQ and HLG formats
- Considerations for including standard dynamic range (SDR) content in HDR programs
This document provides an overview of color spaces and high dynamic range (HDR) technologies. It begins with definitions of color gamut and chromaticity coordinates. It then discusses several key color spaces including Rec.709, Rec.2020, DCI-P3, ACES, and S-Gamut3. It also covers HDR formats like PQ, HLG, and log encoding. The document aims to explain the essential aspects of different color spaces and HDR technologies used for digital cinema and television production.
ICME 2016 - High Efficiency Video Coding - Coding Tools and Specification: HE...Mathias Wien
The tutorial covers the complete HEVC standard, including all currently defined extensions (range extensions, scalability, multi-view, 3D video coding, and screen content coding). It further covers the state of the current activities on Free-Viewpoint Television and on High Dynamic Range + Wide Color Gamut Coding. The standard is assessed from various perspectives, including an algorithmic view on the video coding layer as well as a high-level / system-layer view on the network abstraction layer and the overall structure. The discussion includes a detailed treatment of the HEVC layer concept which allows for seamless incorporation of spatial and quality scalability as well as multi-view, 3D, or FTV extensions. The essential concepts and the coding tools comprised in each of the extensions are detailed and explained in the context of their respective application space. The tutorial further discusses the basic structure of specification text from a more abstract point of view as well as by concrete example in HEVC. For all mentioned perspectives, the tutorial develops the topic in a step-by-step fashion and gradually introduces concepts, algorithms, and terminology. Examples are provided at all levels of the presentation illustrating the concepts and deepening the understanding of the presented technology. Various demos are presented to visualize the algorithmic advancement. The tutorial is based on the book “High Efficiency Video Coding: Coding Tools and Specification” by the tutorial speaker which currently covers HEVC version 1. The tutorial shall enable the participants to understand the design principles and concepts behind the specification of HEVC. They shall recognize and understand the innovation of HEVC compared to the previous standards (esp. H.264/AVC) and regard the extensible nature of the specification design.
Video Compression Standards - History & IntroductionChamp Yen
This document provides an overview of several video compression standards including MPEG-1/2, MPEG-4, H.264, and HEVC/H.265. It discusses the key concepts of video coding such as entropy coding, quantization, transformation, and intra- and inter-prediction. For each standard, it describes the main coding tools and improvements over previous standards, focusing on techniques for more efficient prediction and extraction of redundant spatial and temporal information while maintaining quality. The development of these standards has moved towards more fine-grained partitioning and new coding ideas and tools to reduce bitrates further.
Machine learning approaches are being explored for video compression. Conservative approaches replace individual MPEG blocks with deep learning blocks, while disruptive end-to-end approaches aim to replace the entire MPEG chain. Optical flow networks can exploit temporal redundancy by estimating motion between frames. Fully neural network-based video compression models jointly learn motion estimation, motion compression, and residual compression in an end-to-end optimized framework. However, performance gains must be balanced against increased complexity, and neural network approaches are not yet mature enough to be included in video compression standards.
An Overview of High Efficiency Video Codec HEVC (H.265)Varun Ravi
The document provides an overview of the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) H.265 standard. It discusses the need for improved video compression standards due to increasing video content and limited bandwidth. HEVC was developed to meet this need by providing around 50% better compression over its predecessor H.264 while still maintaining high video quality. The document describes the various techniques used in HEVC such as improved block partitioning, transform sizes, prediction modes, and entropy coding that help achieve its compression gains. Both hardware and software implementations of HEVC decoders and encoders are discussed.
Video Compression, Part 4 Section 1, Video Quality Assessment Dr. Mohieddin Moradi
This document provides an overview of video compression artifacts that can occur when video is compressed for streaming or storage. It discusses both spatial artifacts, such as blurring, blocking, ringing, and color bleeding, as well as temporal artifacts like flickering and mosquito noise. For each artifact, it describes the visual appearance and potential causes from factors like quantization during compression, motion compensation between frames, and chroma subsampling. The document aims to help understand how compression can degrade perceptual video quality and different types of artifacts that may be evaluated both objectively and subjectively.
Video Compression, Part 3-Section 2, Some Standard Video CodecsDr. Mohieddin Moradi
This document discusses MPEG-2 Transport Streams and Packetized Elementary Streams. It describes how MPEG-2 Transport Streams use fixed length 188 byte packets containing compressed video, audio or data from one or more programs identified by Packet IDs. These packets can contain Packetized Elementary Stream packets which contain compressed elementary streams with timestamps for synchronization. The document also discusses how Transport Streams allow for synchronous multiplexing of multiple programs from independent time bases into a single stream.
This document discusses IP interfaces for video production and summarizes the benefits of IP-based systems compared to SDI. It provides examples of IP-enabled video switchers and control systems from Sony and Grass Valley. The rest of the document discusses standards organizations and specifications that enable IP interoperability such as SMPTE ST 2110, AES67, and AIMS. It also summarizes IP routing and processing platforms like Grass Valley's GV Node and control systems like Lawo's VSM.
This document provides definitions and explanations of various optical terminology related to light passing through a lens, including:
- Dispersion, refraction, diffraction, reflection, focal point, focal length, principal point, image circle, aperture ratio, numerical aperture, optical axis, and more. It discusses concepts such as entrance pupil, exit pupil, angular aperture, and how they relate to lens performance. The document also covers topics like vignetting, the cosine law, and flare. Overall, it serves as a comprehensive reference for understanding optical and photographic lens terminology.
Compression: Video Compression (MPEG and others)danishrafiq
This document provides an overview of video compression techniques used in standards like MPEG and H.261. It discusses how uncompressed video data requires huge storage and bandwidth that compression aims to address. It explains that lossy compression methods are needed to achieve sufficient compression ratios. The key techniques discussed are intra-frame coding using DCT and quantization similar to JPEG, and inter-frame coding using motion estimation and compensation to remove temporal redundancy between frames. Motion vectors are found using techniques like block matching and sum of absolute differences. MPEG and other standards use a combination of these intra and inter-frame coding techniques to efficiently compress video for storage and transmission.
This document provides information about quality control testing of audiovisual content. It discusses various quality control tests that can be performed, including tests for analogue frame synchronization errors, black bars, constant colour frames, flashing video, macroblocking, video deinterlacing artifacts, and digital tape dropouts. Examples are provided for how each test can be configured and what results might look like. The goal of the quality control tests is to help broadcasters optimize their automated quality control systems and cope with increasing amounts of digital content.
The document summarizes the H.264/MPEG4 Advanced Video Coding standard. It was developed by the Joint Video Team (JVT) which included the ITU-T Video Coding Experts Group and ISO/IEC Moving Picture Experts Group. The goals were to improve coding efficiency, enhance error robustness, simplify syntax, and increase flexibility. Key features of H.264 include enhanced motion prediction, small block size transforms, an adaptive in-loop deblocking filter, and improved entropy coding. These allow for approximately 50% bit rate savings over prior standards. Evaluation showed it can achieve near transparent quality at lower bit rates than previous standards.
Video Compression, Part 3-Section 1, Some Standard Video CodecsDr. Mohieddin Moradi
- ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29 and ITU-T are the main organizations that develop video coding standards through working groups like MPEG and VCEG.
- Early standards include H.261 for video telephony and conferencing, and MPEG-1 for DVD quality video.
- Later standards like H.264/AVC, HEVC, and future VVC provide increasingly higher compression through use of block transforms, motion compensation, and entropy coding in a hybrid video codec framework.
- Key organizations periodically collaborate through joint teams like JVT and JCT-VC to develop standards like AVC and HEVC.
The document provides an overview of the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard. Some key points:
- HEVC was created as a new video compression standard to address the growing needs of higher resolution video content and more efficient compression compared to prior standards like H.264.
- It achieves 50% bitrate reduction over H.264 for the same visual quality or improved quality at the same bitrate.
- The standard uses a block-based coding structure with coding tree units and supports intra-frame and inter-frame coding with motion estimation/compensation.
- It introduces more intra-prediction modes and block sizes along with improved transforms, quantization, and entropy coding.
Video coding standards define bitstream structures and decoding methods for video compression. Popular standards include MPEG-1/2/4 and H.264/HEVC developed by ISO/IEC and ITU-T. Standards are developed through identification of requirements, algorithm development, selection of core techniques, validation testing, and publication. They enable interoperability and future decoding of emerging standards. [/SUMMARY]
Bitmovin AV1/VVC Presentation_Streaming Media East by Christian FeldmannBitmovin Inc
This document provides an overview and update on AV1 and VVC video coding standards. It summarizes the novel technical features of each, including AV1 improvements like overlapped block motion compensation and affine motion, and VVC features like triangle partitioning and decoder-side motion refinement. Performance results show VVC provides around 30% better compression than HM 16.20, while AV1 is around 20% better. Both standards are still in development and neither has wide adoption yet. VVC licensing is unknown while AV1 remains free and open.
This document provides an overview of high dynamic range (HDR) technology and workflows for HDR video production and mastering. It discusses HDR standards like SMPTE ST 2084 and ARIB STB-B67, camera log curves, luminance levels, and tools for setting up HDR monitoring including waveform monitors. Specific topics covered include HDR graticules, setting luminance levels for highlights and grey points, and using zebra patterns and zoom modes to evaluate highlight levels in HDR images.
Introduction to H.264 Advanced Video CompressionIain Richardson
The document discusses H.264 advanced video compression. It provides an agenda that covers what H.264 is, how it works through prediction, transform and quantization techniques, its syntax, examples, and going deeper into its implementation. H.264 is widely used for video compression in broadcast digital TV, DVDs/Blu-Rays, IPTV, web video and mobile video. It works by predicting pixels from previous frames, applying transforms and quantization to remove redundant information, and using entropy coding techniques to further compress the data. The document provides resources to learn more about H.264 standards, implementations, and extensions.
1) The document discusses the high-level syntax of HEVC, including the video parameter set (VPS), sequence parameter set (SPS), and picture parameter set (PPS).
2) It describes the bitstream structure and how VPS, SPS, PPS, and slice data are organized in network abstraction layer (NAL) units.
3) Key coding units like coding tree blocks (CTBs), coding blocks (CBs), and coding units (CUs) are defined, as well as the quadtree partitioning syntax used in HEVC.
The document discusses high dynamic range (HDR) video technology including:
- Different HDR formats such as SMPTE ST 2084 (PQ), ARIB STB-B67/ITU-R BT.2100 (HLG)
- Code value ranges for 10-bit and 12-bit RGB and color difference signals in narrow and full ranges
- Recommendations for using narrow versus full signal ranges for PQ and HLG
- Transcoding concepts when converting between PQ and HLG formats
- Considerations for including standard dynamic range (SDR) content in HDR programs
This document provides an overview of color spaces and high dynamic range (HDR) technologies. It begins with definitions of color gamut and chromaticity coordinates. It then discusses several key color spaces including Rec.709, Rec.2020, DCI-P3, ACES, and S-Gamut3. It also covers HDR formats like PQ, HLG, and log encoding. The document aims to explain the essential aspects of different color spaces and HDR technologies used for digital cinema and television production.
ICME 2016 - High Efficiency Video Coding - Coding Tools and Specification: HE...Mathias Wien
The tutorial covers the complete HEVC standard, including all currently defined extensions (range extensions, scalability, multi-view, 3D video coding, and screen content coding). It further covers the state of the current activities on Free-Viewpoint Television and on High Dynamic Range + Wide Color Gamut Coding. The standard is assessed from various perspectives, including an algorithmic view on the video coding layer as well as a high-level / system-layer view on the network abstraction layer and the overall structure. The discussion includes a detailed treatment of the HEVC layer concept which allows for seamless incorporation of spatial and quality scalability as well as multi-view, 3D, or FTV extensions. The essential concepts and the coding tools comprised in each of the extensions are detailed and explained in the context of their respective application space. The tutorial further discusses the basic structure of specification text from a more abstract point of view as well as by concrete example in HEVC. For all mentioned perspectives, the tutorial develops the topic in a step-by-step fashion and gradually introduces concepts, algorithms, and terminology. Examples are provided at all levels of the presentation illustrating the concepts and deepening the understanding of the presented technology. Various demos are presented to visualize the algorithmic advancement. The tutorial is based on the book “High Efficiency Video Coding: Coding Tools and Specification” by the tutorial speaker which currently covers HEVC version 1. The tutorial shall enable the participants to understand the design principles and concepts behind the specification of HEVC. They shall recognize and understand the innovation of HEVC compared to the previous standards (esp. H.264/AVC) and regard the extensible nature of the specification design.
Video Compression Standards - History & IntroductionChamp Yen
This document provides an overview of several video compression standards including MPEG-1/2, MPEG-4, H.264, and HEVC/H.265. It discusses the key concepts of video coding such as entropy coding, quantization, transformation, and intra- and inter-prediction. For each standard, it describes the main coding tools and improvements over previous standards, focusing on techniques for more efficient prediction and extraction of redundant spatial and temporal information while maintaining quality. The development of these standards has moved towards more fine-grained partitioning and new coding ideas and tools to reduce bitrates further.
Machine learning approaches are being explored for video compression. Conservative approaches replace individual MPEG blocks with deep learning blocks, while disruptive end-to-end approaches aim to replace the entire MPEG chain. Optical flow networks can exploit temporal redundancy by estimating motion between frames. Fully neural network-based video compression models jointly learn motion estimation, motion compression, and residual compression in an end-to-end optimized framework. However, performance gains must be balanced against increased complexity, and neural network approaches are not yet mature enough to be included in video compression standards.
An Overview of High Efficiency Video Codec HEVC (H.265)Varun Ravi
The document provides an overview of the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) H.265 standard. It discusses the need for improved video compression standards due to increasing video content and limited bandwidth. HEVC was developed to meet this need by providing around 50% better compression over its predecessor H.264 while still maintaining high video quality. The document describes the various techniques used in HEVC such as improved block partitioning, transform sizes, prediction modes, and entropy coding that help achieve its compression gains. Both hardware and software implementations of HEVC decoders and encoders are discussed.
Video Compression, Part 4 Section 1, Video Quality Assessment Dr. Mohieddin Moradi
This document provides an overview of video compression artifacts that can occur when video is compressed for streaming or storage. It discusses both spatial artifacts, such as blurring, blocking, ringing, and color bleeding, as well as temporal artifacts like flickering and mosquito noise. For each artifact, it describes the visual appearance and potential causes from factors like quantization during compression, motion compensation between frames, and chroma subsampling. The document aims to help understand how compression can degrade perceptual video quality and different types of artifacts that may be evaluated both objectively and subjectively.
Video Compression, Part 3-Section 2, Some Standard Video CodecsDr. Mohieddin Moradi
This document discusses MPEG-2 Transport Streams and Packetized Elementary Streams. It describes how MPEG-2 Transport Streams use fixed length 188 byte packets containing compressed video, audio or data from one or more programs identified by Packet IDs. These packets can contain Packetized Elementary Stream packets which contain compressed elementary streams with timestamps for synchronization. The document also discusses how Transport Streams allow for synchronous multiplexing of multiple programs from independent time bases into a single stream.
This document discusses IP interfaces for video production and summarizes the benefits of IP-based systems compared to SDI. It provides examples of IP-enabled video switchers and control systems from Sony and Grass Valley. The rest of the document discusses standards organizations and specifications that enable IP interoperability such as SMPTE ST 2110, AES67, and AIMS. It also summarizes IP routing and processing platforms like Grass Valley's GV Node and control systems like Lawo's VSM.
This document provides definitions and explanations of various optical terminology related to light passing through a lens, including:
- Dispersion, refraction, diffraction, reflection, focal point, focal length, principal point, image circle, aperture ratio, numerical aperture, optical axis, and more. It discusses concepts such as entrance pupil, exit pupil, angular aperture, and how they relate to lens performance. The document also covers topics like vignetting, the cosine law, and flare. Overall, it serves as a comprehensive reference for understanding optical and photographic lens terminology.
Compression: Video Compression (MPEG and others)danishrafiq
This document provides an overview of video compression techniques used in standards like MPEG and H.261. It discusses how uncompressed video data requires huge storage and bandwidth that compression aims to address. It explains that lossy compression methods are needed to achieve sufficient compression ratios. The key techniques discussed are intra-frame coding using DCT and quantization similar to JPEG, and inter-frame coding using motion estimation and compensation to remove temporal redundancy between frames. Motion vectors are found using techniques like block matching and sum of absolute differences. MPEG and other standards use a combination of these intra and inter-frame coding techniques to efficiently compress video for storage and transmission.
This document provides information about quality control testing of audiovisual content. It discusses various quality control tests that can be performed, including tests for analogue frame synchronization errors, black bars, constant colour frames, flashing video, macroblocking, video deinterlacing artifacts, and digital tape dropouts. Examples are provided for how each test can be configured and what results might look like. The goal of the quality control tests is to help broadcasters optimize their automated quality control systems and cope with increasing amounts of digital content.
The document summarizes the H.264/MPEG4 Advanced Video Coding standard. It was developed by the Joint Video Team (JVT) which included the ITU-T Video Coding Experts Group and ISO/IEC Moving Picture Experts Group. The goals were to improve coding efficiency, enhance error robustness, simplify syntax, and increase flexibility. Key features of H.264 include enhanced motion prediction, small block size transforms, an adaptive in-loop deblocking filter, and improved entropy coding. These allow for approximately 50% bit rate savings over prior standards. Evaluation showed it can achieve near transparent quality at lower bit rates than previous standards.
Comparison of compression efficiency between HEVC and VP9 based on subjective...Touradj Ebrahimi
These are the slides of my presentation at SPIE Optics + Photonics 2014 Applications of Digital Image Processing XXXVII. The paper itself can be downloaded from SPIE Digital Library. For people in hurry, a pre-print version is available at: http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/200925?ln=en
Trends and Recent Developments in Video Coding StandardizationMathias Wien
This document summarizes a tutorial on trends and recent developments in video coding standardization. It discusses the history of video coding standards organizations and the standards they have developed. These include MPEG-1, H.261, H.262, H.264, H.265 and the upcoming H.266 Versatile Video Coding standard. The document outlines the tutorial, which will cover topics like video resolutions, current compression techniques, VVC, and future trends in areas like multi-camera coding.
The document summarizes an upcoming webinar on new developments in MPEG standards. It will discuss Versatile Video Coding (VVC), MPEG-H 3D Audio Baseline Profile, video-based point cloud compression (V-PCC), and MPEG Immersive Video (MIV). The webinar will provide overviews of each standard and their applications, as well as results from recent verification tests that evaluated subjective quality and performance. Speakers will include leaders from MPEG working groups and the Joint Video Experts Team.
Tutorial High Efficiency Video Coding Coding - Tools and Specification.pdfssuserc5a4dd
This document provides an outline for a tutorial on High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC). It discusses the motivation for developing a new video coding standard to support higher resolutions and bandwidth efficiency. It describes the formation of the Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC) by MPEG and VCEG to develop the HEVC specification. It also gives an overview of the hybrid coding scheme used in HEVC and other video coding standards, including prediction, transform coding of residuals, and entropy coding.
This document proposes a hybrid P2P-CDN architecture called RICHTER for live video streaming. RICHTER leverages NFV and edge computing to employ virtual transcoding servers that optimize content delivery by intelligently selecting whether to fetch or transcode content from peers, CDNs or the origin server. An online learning approach is used to solve the NP-hard optimization problem. Evaluation on a large-scale testbed shows RICHTER improves QoE, latency and network utilization compared to baseline schemes. Future work includes extending the action classification tree.
This document provides an overview of HEVC (High Efficiency Video Coding) including:
- HEVC aims to provide roughly half the bitrate of H.264/AVC at the same quality.
- It uses block-based hybrid video coding with improved intra-prediction, transform, quantization and entropy coding techniques.
- HEVC supports a wide range of resolutions, color spaces and bit depths for 4K and beyond.
This document compares the compression efficiency of video coding standards VVC, HEVC, H.264, AV1, and VP9 using several software implementations. It finds that VVC achieves the highest compression efficiency compared to other standards but with increased computational complexity. The study was conducted on interactive video sequences for low-delay applications like video surveillance. VVC achieved over 25% bitrate savings compared to HEVC and over 50% compared to H.264.
Advanced Mechanisms for Delivering High-Quality Digital ContentMikołaj Leszczuk
In this paper, a practical solution for optimal coding parameters using different bandwidth requirements is presented. The obtained specification is based on the analysis of a large database of more than 10,000 sequences compressed with different parameters. The obtained parameters can be used both for adaptive streaming or storage optimization.
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TENTM is a video coding technology proposal that has lower complexity than H.264 Baseline Profile but provides around 30% better subjective quality on some test sequences. It also runs significantly faster than other encoder and decoder implementations. TENTM uses a clean, back-to-basics design that makes it suitable for testing new tools. The proposal requests that JCT-VC begin work on a low-complexity operating point using TENTM as a starting point.
TENTM is a video coding technology proposal that has lower complexity than H.264 Baseline Profile but provides around 30% better subjective quality. It runs significantly faster than other video coding standards while maintaining a clean design. The proposal seeks collaboration to test new tools and further the technology towards a high coding efficiency operating point for various use cases such as mobile and video conferencing.
TENTM is a video coding technology proposal that has lower complexity than H.264 Baseline Profile but provides around 30% better subjective quality. It runs significantly faster than other video coding standards while maintaining a clean design. The proposal seeks collaboration to test new tools and further the technology towards a high coding efficiency operating point for use cases like mobile and video conferencing.
TENTM is a video coding technology proposal that has lower complexity than H.264 Baseline Profile but provides around 30% better subjective quality on some test sequences. It also runs significantly faster than other encoder and decoder implementations. TENTM uses a clean, back-to-basics design that makes it suitable for testing new tools. The proposal requests that JCT-VC begin work on a low-complexity operating point using TENTM as a starting point.
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF H.265/MPEG-HEVC, VP9 AND H.264/MPEGAVC VIDEO CODINGijma
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Versatile Video Coding: Compression Tools for UHD and 360° Video
1. Versatile Video Coding:
Compression Tools for UHD and 360◦ Video
INSA Rennes, France
23.11.2018
Priv.Doz. Dr.-Ing. habil. Mathias Wien
Lehrstuhl für Bildverarbeitung
RWTH Aachen University
wien@lfb.rwth-aachen.de
2. Outline I
1. Introduction
1.1 Context and Standardization Scope
2. VVC Development
2.1 Call for Proposals
2.2 Selected Coding Tools
3. VVC Standardization Status
3.1 VVC Working Draft and Test Model 1
3.2 VVC Working Draft and Test Model 2
3.3 VVC Working Draft and Test Model 3
4. Summary and Outlook
2 of 43 VVC: Coding Tools for UHD and 360 | Mathias Wien | Lehrstuhl für Bildverarbeitung | RWTH Aachen University | 23.11.2018 | INSA Rennes
3. Video coding standardization organisations
• ISO/IEC MPEG = “Moving Picture Experts Group”
(ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11 = International Standardization Organization and International Electrotechnical
Commission, Joint Technical Committee 1, Subcommittee 29, Working Group 11)
• ITU-T VCEG = “Visual Coding Experts Group”
(ITU-T SG16/Q6 = International Telecommunications Union – Telecommunications Standardization Sector, Study
Group 16, Working Party 3, Question 6)
• JVT = “Joint Video Team” collaborative team of MPEG & VCEG, responsible for developing AVC
(discontinued in 2009)
• JCT-VC = “Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding” team of MPEG & VCEG, responsible for developing
HEVC
(established January 2010)
• JVET = “Joint Video Experts Team” exploring potential for new technology beyond HEVC
(established Oct. 2015 as Joint Video Exploration Team, renamed Apr. 2018)
3 of 43 VVC: Coding Tools for UHD and 360 | Mathias Wien | Lehrstuhl für Bildverarbeitung | RWTH Aachen University | 23.11.2018 | INSA Rennes
4. History of international video coding standardization (1985 – 2020)
4 of 43 VVC: Coding Tools for UHD and 360 | Mathias Wien | Lehrstuhl für Bildverarbeitung | RWTH Aachen University | 23.11.2018 | INSA Rennes
5. Specification Scope
source pre-processing encoding
transmission
decodingpost-processingdisplay
• No specification of encoder
– Profiles and levels
– Constraints by application
– Constraints on bitstream
• No specification of transport
• Common practice: Reference encoder
implementation
– Demonstration of coding performance
– Verification of specification conformance
• Focus of specification is on decoder
– Parsing process
– Bitstream syntax
– Decoding process
5 of 43 VVC: Coding Tools for UHD and 360 | Mathias Wien | Lehrstuhl für Bildverarbeitung | RWTH Aachen University | 23.11.2018 | INSA Rennes
6. Hybrid Video Coding Concept
Decoder
CTB
input picture
+
−
TR+Q
TB
iTR+iQ TB
+
Intra
PB
Entropy
Coding
bitstream
Deblk. Slice
Loop
Filter
Slice
rec. picture
Inter
PB
Buffer n pics
ME
PB
CTB – Coding Tree Block
ME – Motion Estimation
PB – Prediction Block
Q – Quantization
TB – Transform Block
TR – Transform
• Encoder includes decoder
• Basis of every standard since H.261
6 of 43 VVC: Coding Tools for UHD and 360 | Mathias Wien | Lehrstuhl für Bildverarbeitung | RWTH Aachen University | 23.11.2018 | INSA Rennes
7. Performance History of Standard Generations
7 of 43 VVC: Coding Tools for UHD and 360 | Mathias Wien | Lehrstuhl für Bildverarbeitung | RWTH Aachen University | 23.11.2018 | INSA Rennes
8. Contents
2. VVC Development
2.1 Call for Proposals
2.2 Selected Coding Tools
7 of 43 VVC: Coding Tools for UHD and 360 | Mathias Wien | Lehrstuhl für Bildverarbeitung | RWTH Aachen University | 23.11.2018 | INSA Rennes
9. Steps towards next generation standard – Versatile Video Coding (VVC)
• Experimental software “Joint Exploration Model“ (JEM) developed by JVET
– Intended to investigate potential for better compression beyond HEVC
– Was initially started extending HEVC software by additional compression tools, or replace existing tools
(see previous section)
• Substantial benefit was shown over HEVC, both in subjective quality and objective metrics
– Proven in "Call for Evidence" (July 2017) JVET-F1002, JVET-G1004 [1, 2]
– JEM was however not designed for becoming a standard (regarding all design tradeoffs)
– Call for Proposals was issued by MPEG and VCEG (October 2017), JVET-H1002 [3]
• Call for Proposals very successful (responses received by April 2018)
– 32 companies in 21 proponent groups responded
– 46 category-specific submissions: 22 in SDR, 12 each in HDR and 360◦ video
– All responses clearly better than HEVC, some evidently better than JEM
– This marked the starting point for VVC development
8 of 43 VVC: Coding Tools for UHD and 360 | Mathias Wien | Lehrstuhl für Bildverarbeitung | RWTH Aachen University | 23.11.2018 | INSA Rennes
10. Steps towards next generation standard – Versatile Video Coding (VVC)
• What does "Versatile" stand for?
• VVC should be usable for many types of data
– SDR and HDR up to extreme high resolutions
– All kind of camera generated content
– Computer generated content
– Non-camera video modalities e. g. medical data
– 360◦, lightfield, depth, and volumetric video
• VVC should support flexible random and localized access
• VVC should be easily configurable for various application needs
• The core of VVC should consist of minimum amount of necessary and well-understood building blocks
9 of 43 VVC: Coding Tools for UHD and 360 | Mathias Wien | Lehrstuhl für Bildverarbeitung | RWTH Aachen University | 23.11.2018 | INSA Rennes
11. Joint Call for Proposals (CfP) on Video Compression with Capability beyond HEVC
• Document JVET-H1002 [3]
• Test categories
– Standard dynamic range (SDR): 5 UHD and 5 HD sequences
– High dynamic range (HDR): 3 HLG and 5 PQ sequences
– 360◦ video (360): 5 sequences in ERP format
• Constraint sets
– Constraint set 1 (C1): Random access configuration
– Max 1.1s random access intervals, structural delay max 16 pictures
– Constraint set 2 (C2): Low delay configuration only evaluated for SDR HD sequences
– No picture reordering between input and output
• Encoding constraints
– No pre-processing, post-processing only within the coding loop
– Static quantizer setting with one-time change to meet target bitrate
– Relevant optimization methods to be reported
10 of 43 VVC: Coding Tools for UHD and 360 | Mathias Wien | Lehrstuhl für Bildverarbeitung | RWTH Aachen University | 23.11.2018 | INSA Rennes
12. VVC CfP Test Sequences
11 of 43 VVC: Coding Tools for UHD and 360 | Mathias Wien | Lehrstuhl für Bildverarbeitung | RWTH Aachen University | 23.11.2018 | INSA Rennes
13. VVC CfP Responses
• Category-specific submissions (total 46):
– SDR: 22 submissions (8 of which are registered only in this category)
– HDR: 12 submissions
– 360◦: 12 submissions (2 of which are registered only in this category)
For all categories: HEVC anchors (HM) and JEM anchors
• Proposals
– Described in JVET input documents JVET-J0011...JVET-J0033
– Participation of 32 institutions
12 of 43 VVC: Coding Tools for UHD and 360 | Mathias Wien | Lehrstuhl für Bildverarbeitung | RWTH Aachen University | 23.11.2018 | INSA Rennes
14. CfP Performance Analysis
• Submissions had to provide coded/decoded sequences
– 4 rate points each, two constraint conditions "low delay" (LD) and "random access" (RA)
– SDR: 5× HD (both LD and RA), 5× UHD-4K (only RA)
– HDR: 5× HD (PQ grading), 3x UHD-4K (HLG grading)
– 360◦: 5 sequences 6K/8K for the full panorama
• Double stimulus test with two hidden anchors HEVC-HM and JEM
– Rate points defined with lowest rate was typically less than "fair" quality for HEVC, but still possible to code
– Quality was judged to be distinguishable when confidence intervals were non-overlapping
• Evaluation: Three ways of judging benefit:
– Mean MOS over all test cases (28×4 test points: 23×4 C1, 5×4 C2 )
– Count cases where a proposal was visually better/worse than JEM
– Count cases where a proposal was visually better than HEVC (HEVC at higher rate point)
• Reports: Input subjective test JVET-J0080 [27], output CfP results JVET-J1003 [28]
13 of 43 VVC: Coding Tools for UHD and 360 | Mathias Wien | Lehrstuhl für Bildverarbeitung | RWTH Aachen University | 23.11.2018 | INSA Rennes
15. CfP Performance Analysis
• Measured by objective performance (PSNR), best performers report > 40% bit rate reduction compared to
HEVC, > 10% compared to JEM (for SDR case)
– Similar ranges for HDR and 360◦
– Obviously, proposals with more elements show better performance
– Some proposals showed similar performance as JEM with significant complexity/run time reduction
– 2 proposals used some degree of subjective optimization, not measurable by PSNR
Results of subjective tests generally show similar (or even better) tendency
– Benefit over HEVC very clear
– Benefit over JEM visible at various points
– Proposals with subjective optimization also showing benefit in some cases
14 of 43 VVC: Coding Tools for UHD and 360 | Mathias Wien | Lehrstuhl für Bildverarbeitung | RWTH Aachen University | 23.11.2018 | INSA Rennes
16. CfP Performance Analysis
• JVET-J1003 [28]:
Report of subjective
evaluation contains
28 plots as shown,
one per sequence
• Count significant
cases of
positive/negative
benefit with
non-overlapping
confidence interval
against JEM
15 of 43 VVC: Coding Tools for UHD and 360 | Mathias Wien | Lehrstuhl für Bildverarbeitung | RWTH Aachen University | 23.11.2018 | INSA Rennes
17. CfP Performance Analysis
• "Mean" and
"significance-count"
method suggested
at least 7 proposals
that were obviously
better than JEM
16 of 43 VVC: Coding Tools for UHD and 360 | Mathias Wien | Lehrstuhl für Bildverarbeitung | RWTH Aachen University | 23.11.2018 | INSA Rennes
18. CfP Performance Analysis
• Similar tendency in
HDR and 360◦
categories
• Mostly same coding
tools as in SDR
provide good
benefit
17 of 43 VVC: Coding Tools for UHD and 360 | Mathias Wien | Lehrstuhl für Bildverarbeitung | RWTH Aachen University | 23.11.2018 | INSA Rennes
19. CfP Performance Analysis: Comparison to HEVC
• The subjective quality of best performing proposals is always equal or sometimes better ( 1/3 of cases) than
HEVC at next higher rate point, over all categories (with approx. 40% less rate)
• The subjective quality of best performing proposals is always equal or sometimes better ( 1/5 of cases) than
HEVC at 2nd higher rate point, in SDR-UHD category (with approx. 65% less rate)
• Though it is not always the same proposal that performs best at a given rate point, it can be anticipated that
merits of different proposals can be combined
• 50% (or more) bit rate reduction with same quality will probably be achievable by the new standard
18 of 43 VVC: Coding Tools for UHD and 360 | Mathias Wien | Lehrstuhl für Bildverarbeitung | RWTH Aachen University | 23.11.2018 | INSA Rennes
20. CfP Analysis: What is proposed?
• New elements (some come with high complexity):
– Decoder side estimation for mode/MV derivation and sample prediction both in intra and inter coding (JEM)
– Finer partitioning: Asymmetric, geometric
– Neural networks for prediction, loop filtering, upsampling, (encoder control)
– Additional elements using template matching
– Intra block copy / current picture referencing
– Additional non-linear, de-noising and statistics-based loop filters
– Additional linear and non-linear elements in prediction
• HDR specific:
– New adaptive reshaping and quantization, also in-loop
– HDR-specific modifications of existing tools, e. g. deblocking
• 360-video specific:
– Variants of projection formats, geometry-corrected face boundary padding
– Modification and disabling of existing tools at face boundaries
19 of 43 VVC: Coding Tools for UHD and 360 | Mathias Wien | Lehrstuhl für Bildverarbeitung | RWTH Aachen University | 23.11.2018 | INSA Rennes
21. RWTH Proposal: Geometric Partitioning (GEO)
Figure from JVET-J0023 [16] Work by Max Bläser
20 of 43 VVC: Coding Tools for UHD and 360 | Mathias Wien | Lehrstuhl für Bildverarbeitung | RWTH Aachen University | 23.11.2018 | INSA Rennes
22. RWTH Proposal: GEO Partitioning Coding and Prediction
Figures from JVET-J0023 [16]
21 of 43 VVC: Coding Tools for UHD and 360 | Mathias Wien | Lehrstuhl für Bildverarbeitung | RWTH Aachen University | 23.11.2018 | INSA Rennes
23. GEO: Shape-Adaptive DCT for Geometric Partitions
Figure from JVET-J0023 [16]
• No transform-tree in JEM 7.0 → localization of residual error for larger blocks required
• ∆SA-DCT adapted from MPEG-4 software for blocks up to 128×128
• Currently floating point implementation - integer transform targeted
• SA-DCT signaled as additional transform choice next to full block DCT (→ 4 total GEO transform modes)
• Coding of transform coefficients (TSBs, significance flags) with regard to shape
22 of 43 VVC: Coding Tools for UHD and 360 | Mathias Wien | Lehrstuhl für Bildverarbeitung | RWTH Aachen University | 23.11.2018 | INSA Rennes
24. GEO: Coding Example
Figure from JVET-J0023 [16]
• Visual improvements at object boundaries
– Sharper contours
– Less staircase-effect
– More background details
• Objective gains (BD-rate savings)
– Against HEVC: ∼33% on C1, ∼25% on C2
– Against JEM: ∼0.8% for both, C1 and C2
23 of 43 VVC: Coding Tools for UHD and 360 | Mathias Wien | Lehrstuhl für Bildverarbeitung | RWTH Aachen University | 23.11.2018 | INSA Rennes
25. GEO: Coding Example
Figure from JVET-J0023 [16]
• Visual improvements at object boundaries
– Sharper contours
– Less staircase-effect
– More background details
• Objective gains (BD-rate savings)
– Against HEVC: ∼33% on C1, ∼25% on C2
– Against JEM: ∼0.8% for both, C1 and C2
24 of 43 VVC: Coding Tools for UHD and 360 | Mathias Wien | Lehrstuhl für Bildverarbeitung | RWTH Aachen University | 23.11.2018 | INSA Rennes
26. RWTH Proposal: 360◦ Geometry-Corrected Prediction
Figure from JVET-J0023 [16] Work by Johannes Sauer
25 of 43 VVC: Coding Tools for UHD and 360 | Mathias Wien | Lehrstuhl für Bildverarbeitung | RWTH Aachen University | 23.11.2018 | INSA Rennes
27. RWTH Proposal: 360◦ Geometry-Corrected Prediction
Figure from JVET-J0023 [16]
• Approach can be transferred to other formats
26 of 43 VVC: Coding Tools for UHD and 360 | Mathias Wien | Lehrstuhl für Bildverarbeitung | RWTH Aachen University | 23.11.2018 | INSA Rennes
28. RWTH Proposal: 360◦ Corrected Deblocking
• Reference samples of blocks at face boundaries
changed
– Original: Samples from top or left block are used
– Modified: Samples are chosen according to 3D
cube geometry
• Approach can be transferred to other coding formats
Figure from JVET-J0023 [16]
27 of 43 VVC: Coding Tools for UHD and 360 | Mathias Wien | Lehrstuhl für Bildverarbeitung | RWTH Aachen University | 23.11.2018 | INSA Rennes
29. RWTH Proposal: 360◦ Coding Example
Figure from JVET-J0023 [16]
• Objective gains (BD-rate savings)
– Against HEVC: ∼31% E2E WS-PSNR
– Against JEM: ∼1.6% (same projection
format)
28 of 43 VVC: Coding Tools for UHD and 360 | Mathias Wien | Lehrstuhl für Bildverarbeitung | RWTH Aachen University | 23.11.2018 | INSA Rennes
30. Contents
3. VVC Standardization Status
3.1 VVC Working Draft and Test Model 1
3.2 VVC Working Draft and Test Model 2
3.3 VVC Working Draft and Test Model 3
28 of 43 VVC: Coding Tools for UHD and 360 | Mathias Wien | Lehrstuhl für Bildverarbeitung | RWTH Aachen University | 23.11.2018 | INSA Rennes
31. VVC Working Draft and Test Model 1
• VVC Working Draft 1 / Test Model 1 (VTM1): basic approach
built on "reduced HEVC" starting point
• VTM Block structure
– Unified tree (coding block unites prediction and transform)
– CTU size 128×128, rectangular blocks (dyadic sizes), smallest luma size 4×4
– Maximum transform size 64×64
• VTM: Some removed elements of HEVC:
– Mode dependent transform (DST-VII), mode dependent scan
– Strong intra smoothing
– Sign data hiding in transform coding
– Unnecessary high-level syntax (e. g. VPS)
– Tiles and wavefronts
– Quantization weighting
29 of 43 VVC: Coding Tools for UHD and 360 | Mathias Wien | Lehrstuhl für Bildverarbeitung | RWTH Aachen University | 23.11.2018 | INSA Rennes
32. Benchmark Set and its role
• Benchmark Set (BMS) was defined in addition to VTM, including the following well-known JEM tools:
– 65 intra prediction modes
– Coefficient coding
– AMT + 4×4 NSST
– Affine motion
– Geometry based adaptive loop filter
– Subblock merge candidate (ATMVP)
– Adaptive motion vector precision
– Decoder motion vector refinement
– LM Chroma mode
• Purpose: Testing benefit of technology against better performing set
– Holding extra potential features which are not yet decided upon
– Superset of VTM; should have significant gain over the VTM
– Unveils in CEs whether gains are independent, or how much gain remains when a tool is combined with a set
of more performant tools
– Can be a common basis for further CE tests of modified versions of features
– Not necessarily ultra-low complexity, but encoder needs to be runnable in reasonable amount of time
30 of 43 VVC: Coding Tools for UHD and 360 | Mathias Wien | Lehrstuhl für Bildverarbeitung | RWTH Aachen University | 23.11.2018 | INSA Rennes
33. Quad/binary/ternary partitioning
• The only fundamental new element of version 1
• Simple multi-type tree split, can be alternated
Figures from JVET-J1001 [29]
31 of 43 VVC: Coding Tools for UHD and 360 | Mathias Wien | Lehrstuhl für Bildverarbeitung | RWTH Aachen University | 23.11.2018 | INSA Rennes
34. Performance of VTM1 compared to HEVC
Figures from JVET-K0003 [30]
32 of 43 VVC: Coding Tools for UHD and 360 | Mathias Wien | Lehrstuhl für Bildverarbeitung | RWTH Aachen University | 23.11.2018 | INSA Rennes
35. Contents
1. Introduction
1.1 Context and Standardization Scope
2. VVC Development
2.1 Call for Proposals
2.2 Selected Coding Tools
3. VVC Standardization Status
3.1 VVC Working Draft and Test Model 1
3.2 VVC Working Draft and Test Model 2
3.3 VVC Working Draft and Test Model 3
4. Summary and Outlook
32 of 43 VVC: Coding Tools for UHD and 360 | Mathias Wien | Lehrstuhl für Bildverarbeitung | RWTH Aachen University | 23.11.2018 | INSA Rennes
36. New elements of WD2 / VTM2
• QT/BT/TT no longer “placeholder”
• Remove unnecessary partitioning restrictions
• Implicit splitting at picture boundaries
• Separate trees for intra slices
• Position Dependent Prediction Combination
• Cross Component Linear Model
• 87 intra modes (wide angles included), 3 MPM, TU binarization
• Affine MC (4×4 fixed subblock size, 4/6 parameter model switching at CU level)
• Affine MV coding
– list construction contains inheritance and derivation spatial/temporal
– improved difference coding
• Adaptive motion vector resolution (AMVR)
• Subblock MC (4×4) from ATMVP merge, 8×8 granularity motion vector storage [High precision]
33 of 43 VVC: Coding Tools for UHD and 360 | Mathias Wien | Lehrstuhl für Bildverarbeitung | RWTH Aachen University | 23.11.2018 | INSA Rennes
37. New elements of WD2 / VTM2
• Multiple transform selection (all are DCT/DST types) for intra and inter
• Increase max QP from 51 to 63
• Modified entropy coding supporting dependent quantization
• Sign data hiding reinvoked from HEVC
• Adaptive loop filter
– 4×4 classification based (gradient strength & orientation) for luma
– 7×7 luma, 5×5 chroma filters)
– enabling flag at CTU level
• Basic high-level syntax (SPS, PPS, slice)
• Update of BMS contains
– Generalized Bi prediction (kind of local weighted prediction)
– Decoder-side estimation: BIO, simplified bilateral matching
– Current picture referencing (aka intra block copy)
34 of 43 VVC: Coding Tools for UHD and 360 | Mathias Wien | Lehrstuhl für Bildverarbeitung | RWTH Aachen University | 23.11.2018 | INSA Rennes
38. VTM2: Wide angular modes
• For rectangular blocks, prediction directions with angles beyond 45/135 degrees are reasonable
• This can be implemented by adding modes at both ends
• VTM2 uses a total of 85 directional intra modes now (plus DC and planar)
Figure from JVET-K0500 [31]
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39. VTM2: Dependent quantization
• Alternating between two quantizers based on state transition rule allows to select an optimum sequence of
reconstruction values (e.g. by trellis-like search)
• Decoder needs to implement the sequential state transition rule
• CABAC contexts needs to be modified as well for this case
(greater than 0/1/2/... would have different meaning depending on Q0/Q1)
Figures from JVET-K0071 [32]
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40. Performance of VTM2 compared to HEVC
Figures from JVET-L0003 [33]
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41. Contents
1. Introduction
1.1 Context and Standardization Scope
2. VVC Development
2.1 Call for Proposals
2.2 Selected Coding Tools
3. VVC Standardization Status
3.1 VVC Working Draft and Test Model 1
3.2 VVC Working Draft and Test Model 2
3.3 VVC Working Draft and Test Model 3
4. Summary and Outlook
37 of 43 VVC: Coding Tools for UHD and 360 | Mathias Wien | Lehrstuhl für Bildverarbeitung | RWTH Aachen University | 23.11.2018 | INSA Rennes
42. VVC Working Draft and Test Model 3
• Executive summary
– Coding tools
Improvements of coding efficiency, simplification, practicality and unification of design
– High level syntax – some basic agreements
"Slice" concept gone – tiles offer more flexibility for various aspects such as localized access and parallelism
Signalling mechanisms for tool usage to enable sub-profiles, including external subprofiles, whole-bitstream
constraints
– BMS no longer necessary - VTM has come close in performance
38 of 43 VVC: Coding Tools for UHD and 360 | Mathias Wien | Lehrstuhl für Bildverarbeitung | RWTH Aachen University | 23.11.2018 | INSA Rennes
43. New elements of WD3 / VTM3 [1/2]
Meeting report JVET-L1000 [34]
• Partitioning
– QT-BT-TT stabilization
• Intra Prediction
– Multi-reference line intra prediction
– Intra DCTIF / Gaussian interpolation filter
– Cross-component linear model prediction (CCLM)
– Current picture referencing
• Inter Prediction
– Affine modes stabilization
– Triangular partitions (more details to follow)
– Combine merge and intra
– History-based MV prediction
– Bi-directional optical flow (BIO)
39 of 43 VVC: Coding Tools for UHD and 360 | Mathias Wien | Lehrstuhl für Bildverarbeitung | RWTH Aachen University | 23.11.2018 | INSA Rennes
44. New elements of WD3 / VTM3 [2/2]
Meeting report JVET-L1000 [34]
• Residual Coding
– Transform matrices with 8bit coefficients (compatible with HEVC)
• Loop filters
– Adding SAO from HEVC
• High-Level Syntax
– There will be no slices anymore
– POC signalling
– Sign data hiding
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45. Inter Prediction: Triangular partitions
• Concept proposed in JVET-J0020 [13]
• Applicable to Merge and Skip blocks
• Minimum block size 8×8
Figures from JVET-L0124 [35]
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46. Contents
4. Summary and Outlook
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47. Summary and Outlook
• Call for Proposals demonstrated availability of significant compression benefit
– HEVC out-performed by virtually all proposals
– Subjective results suggest initial rate savings of 40+% over HEVC at starting point
• Versatile Video Coding (VVC): Third Working Draft and Test Model defined
– Started from reduced initial tool set
– Step-by-step integration of tools
– Evaluation of concurring variants of tools
– Consideration of algorithmic complexity
– Further fast progress expected, goal: finalization 2020
• Main focus on SDR/HDR content at this development stage
– Core experiments (CEs 1-12) on Partitioning, Adaptive loop filter, Intra prediction and mode coding, Inter
prediction and MV coding, Arithmetic coding engine, Transforms and transform signalling, Quantization and
coefficient coding, Screen content coding tools, Decoder side MV derivation, Combined and multi-hypothesis
prediction, Deblocking, Mapping for HDR content
– Core experiment CE13 on coding tools for omnidirectional video
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49. Contents
5. Links and Further Information
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50. Links and Further Information
• Document archives (publicly accessible)
– JVET / VVC:
http://phenix.it-sudparis.eu/jvet
http://ftp3.itu.ch/av-arch/jvet-site
– JCT-VC / HEVC:
http://phenix.it-sudparis.eu/jct
http://ftp3.itu.ch/av-arch/jctvc-site
• VTM Software: https://vcgit.hhi.fraunhofer.de/jvet/VVCSoftware_VTM/
• VTM Trac: https://jvet.hhi.fraunhofer.de/trac/vvc/
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51. Contents
6. Acronyms
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52. Acronyms I
ABT – Asymmetric binary tree
AF INTER – Affine motion vector derivation inter mode
AF MERGE – Affine motion vector derivation merge mode
AFP – Adaptive frame packing
AHG – Ad-hoc group
AI – All intra (JCT-VC CTC)
ALF – Adaptive loop filter
ALTR – Adaptive long-term reference
AMT – Adaptive multiple core transform (also EMT)
AMVP – Advanced motion vector prediction
AMVR – Adaptive motion vector resolution
AQS – Adaptive quantization step size scaling
ATMVP – Alternative temporal motion vector prediction
BDIP – Bi-directional intra prediction
BDSNR – Bjøntegaard Delta PSNR
BD-rate – Bjøntegaard Delta rate
BLA – Broken link access
CABAC – Context adaptive binary arithmetic coding
CB – Coding block
CF – Combined filter (intra prediction)
CCIP – Cross-component intra prediction
CCLM – Cross-component linear model prediction
CNNLF – Convolution neural network loop filter
CPMV – Control point motion vector
CRA – Clean random access
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53. Acronyms II
CU – Coding unit
CVS – Coded Video Sequence
CVSG – Coded Video Sequence Group
DMVD – Decoder side motion vector derivation
DMVR – Decoder-side motion vector refinement
DRA – Dynamic range adaptation
EAC – Enhanced angular cubemap
EMT – Explicit multiple core transforms (also AMT)
EOTF – Electro-optical transfer function
GEO – Geometric partitioning
GRL – Givens rotation layer
HAC – Hybrid angular cubemap
HWT – Hadamart-Walsh transform
HyGT – Hypercube-Givens transform
IBC – Intra block copy
IDR – Instantaneous decoder refresh
IPR – Inter prediction refinement
JEM – Joint exploration model (JVET test model)
LAMVR – Locally adaptive motion vector resolution
LGT – Layered Givens transform
LIC – Local illumination compensation
LIP – Linear intra prediction
LM – Linear model prediction
LPS – Least probably symbol
MAP – Merge assistant prediction
MBF – Multiple boundary filtering
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54. Acronyms III
MCP – Modified cubemap projection
MDCS – Mode-dependent coefficient scanning
MDIS – Mode-dependent intra reference sample smoothing
MDNSST – Mode-dependent non-separable secondary transforms
Merge – Merge Mode (MV prediction)
MFLM – Multiple filter linear model prediction
MIP – Multi-line intra prediction
MIP – Multi-combined intra prediction
MMLM – Multi-Model Cross-component linear model prediction
MBLM – Multiple neighbor linear model
MPCR – Motion predictor candidate refinement
MRIP – Multi-reference intra prediction
MRM – Motion refinement mode
MTT – Multi-type tree
MV – Motion vector
NAL – Network abstraction layer
NLMLF – Non-local mean loop filter
NLSF – Non-local structure-based filter
NSF – Noise suppression filter
NSST – Non-separable secondary transforms
OBMC – Overlapped block motion compensation
OETF – Opto-electrical transfer function
PB – Prediction block
PDPC – Position dependent intra prediction combination for planar mode
PMMVD – Pattern matched motion vector derivation
PMVD – Pattern matched motion vector derivation
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55. Acronyms IV
PMVR – Pattern-matched motion vector refinement
PU – Prediction unit
QP – Quantization parameter
QT – Quad-tree
QTBTT – Quad-tree plus binary tree and ternary tree (also QTBTTT)
RADL – Random access decodable leading picture
RAP – Random access point
RASL – Random access skipped leading picture
RBSP – Raw byte sequence payload
RC-ALF – Reduced-complexity adaptive loop filter
RQT – Residual quad-tree
RSP – Rotated sphere projection
RST – Reduced secondary transform
SAO – Sample adaptive offset
SDP – Signal dependent transform
SODB – String of data bits
SHVC – Scalable high efficiency video coding
SRCC – Scan region-based coefficient coding
STMVP – Spatial-temporal motion vector prediction
STSA – Stepwise temporal sub-layer access
SUCO – Split unit coding order
SVT – Spatial varying transform
TB – Transform block
TD-RSP – Residual signs prediction in transform domain
TMM – Template matchted merge mode
TMVP – Temporal motion vector predictor
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56. Acronyms V
TSA – Temporal sub-layer access
TSR – Transform syntax reorder
TU – Transform unit
UMVE – Ultimate motion vector expression
UWP – Unequal weight planar prediction
WPP – Wavefront parallel processing
XGA – Extended Graphics Array 1024×768
XYZ – XYZ color space, also color format
YCbCr – Color format with luma and two chroma components
YUV – XYZ color format
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57. Literature I
[1] Mathias Wien et al. Joint Call for Evidence on Video Compression with Capability beyond HEVC. Tech. rep. JVET-F1002. Hobart, AU, 6th meeting: Joint Video Exploration Team (JVET)
of ITU-T SG 16 WP 3 and ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11, Oct. 18, 2017. URL:
http://phenix.int-evry.fr/jvet/doc_end_user/documents/6_Hobart/wg11/JVET-F1002-v1.zip.
[2] Vittorio Baroncini et al. Results of the Joint Call for Evidence on Video Compression with Capability beyond HEVC. Tech. rep. JVET-G1004. Torino, IT, 7th meeting: Joint Video
Exploration Team (JVET) of ITU-T SG 16 WP 3 and ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11, July 21, 2017. URL:
http://phenix.int-evry.fr/jvet/doc_end_user/documents/7_Torino/wg11/JVET-G1004-v2.zip.
[3] Andrew Segall et al. Joint Call for Proposals on Video Compression with Capability beyond HEVC. Tech. rep. JVET-H1002. Macao, CN, 8th meeting: Joint Video Experts Team (JVET)
of ITU-T SG 16 WP 3 and ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11, Oct. 18, 2017. URL:
http://phenix.int-evry.fr/jvet/doc_end_user/documents/8_Macau/wg11/JVET-H1002-v6.zip.
[4] Zhao Wang et al. Description of SDR video coding technology proposal by DJI and Peking University. Doc. JVET–J0011. San Diego, CA, USA, 10th meeting: Joint Video Experts Team
(JVET) of ITU-T SG 16 WP 3 and ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11, Apr. 10, 2018. URL:
http://phenix.int-evry.fr/jvet/doc_end_user/documents/10_San%20Diego/wg11/JVET-J0012-v2.zip.
[5] Rickard Sjöberg et al. Description of SDR and HDR video coding technology proposal by Ericsson and Nokia. Doc. JVET-J0012. San Diego, CA, USA, 10th meeting: Joint Video
Experts Team (JVET) of ITU-T SG 16 WP 3 and ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11, Apr. 10, 2018. URL:
http://phenix.int-evry.fr/jvet/doc_end_user/documents/10_San%20Diego/wg11/JVET-J0012-v2.zip.
[6] Jung Won Kang et al. Description of SDR video coding technology proposal by ETRI and Sejong University. Doc. JVET-J0013. San Diego, CA, USA, 10th meeting: Joint Video Experts
Team (JVET) of ITU-T SG 16 WP 3 and ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11, Apr. 10, 2018. URL:
http://phenix.int-evry.fr/jvet/doc_end_user/documents/10_San%20Diego/wg11/JVET-J0013-v3.zip.
[7] M. Albrecht et al. Description of SDR, HDR, and 360◦ video coding technology proposal by Fraunhofer HHI. Doc. JVET-J0014. San Diego, CA, USA, 10th meeting: Joint Video Experts
Team (JVET) of ITU-T SG 16 WP 3 and ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11, Apr. 10, 2018. URL:
http://phenix.int-evry.fr/jvet/doc_end_user/documents/10_San%20Diego/wg11/JVET-J0014-v4.zip.
[8] Xiaoyu Xiu et al. Description of SDR, HDR, and 360◦ video coding technology proposal by InterDigital Communications and Dolby Laboratories. Doc. JVET-J0015. San Diego, CA, USA,
10th meeting: Joint Video Experts Team (JVET) of ITU-T SG 16 WP 3 and ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11, Apr. 10, 2018. URL:
http://phenix.int-evry.fr/jvet/doc_end_user/documents/10_San%20Diego/wg11/JVET-J0015-v3.zip.
50 of 43 VVC: Coding Tools for UHD and 360 | Mathias Wien | Lehrstuhl für Bildverarbeitung | RWTH Aachen University | 23.11.2018 | INSA Rennes
58. Literature II
[9] Kei Kawamura, Yoshitaka Kidani, and Sei Naito. Description of SDR video coding technology proposal by KDDI. Doc. JVET-J0016. San Diego, CA, USA, 10th meeting: Joint Video
Experts Team (JVET) of ITU-T SG 16 WP 3 and ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11, Apr. 10, 2018. URL:
http://phenix.int-evry.fr/jvet/doc_end_user/documents/10_San%20Diego/wg11/JVET-J0016-v4.zip.
[10] Moonmo Koo et al. Description of SDR video coding technology proposal by LG Electronics. Doc. JVET-J0017. San Diego, CA, USA, 10th meeting: Joint Video Experts Team (JVET) of
ITU-T SG 16 WP 3 and ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11, Apr. 10, 2018. URL:
http://phenix.int-evry.fr/jvet/doc_end_user/documents/10_San%20Diego/wg11/JVET-J0017-v2.zip.
[11] Chih-Wei Hsu et al. Description of SDR video coding technology proposal by MediaTek. Doc. JVET-J0018. San Diego, CA, USA, 10th meeting: Joint Video Experts Team (JVET) of
ITU-T SG 16 WP 3 and ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11, Apr. 10, 2018. URL:
http://phenix.int-evry.fr/jvet/doc_end_user/documents/10_San%20Diego/wg11/JVET-J0018-v2.zip.
[12] Jian-Liang Lin et al. Description of 360◦ video coding technology proposal by MediaTek. Doc. JVET-J0019. San Diego, CA, USA, 10th meeting: Joint Video Experts Team (JVET) of
ITU-T SG 16 WP 3 and ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11, Apr. 10, 2018. URL:
http://phenix.int-evry.fr/jvet/doc_end_user/documents/10_San%20Diego/wg11/JVET-J0019-v3.zip.
[13] Tadamasa Toma et al. Description of SDR video coding technology proposal by Panasonic. Doc. JVET-J0020. San Diego, CA, USA, 10th meeting: Joint Video Experts Team (JVET) of
ITU-T SG 16 WP 3 and ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11, Apr. 10, 2018. URL:
http://phenix.int-evry.fr/jvet/doc_end_user/documents/10_San%20Diego/wg11/JVET-J0020-v2.zip.
[14] Y. Chen et al. Description of SDR, HDR and 360◦ video coding technology proposal by Qualcomm and Technicolor – low and high complexity versions. Doc. JVET-J0021. San Diego,
CA, USA, 10th meeting: Joint Video Experts Team (JVET) of ITU-T SG 16 WP 3 and ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11, Apr. 10, 2018. URL:
http://phenix.int-evry.fr/jvet/doc_end_user/documents/10_San%20Diego/wg11/JVET-J0021-v5.zip.
[15] Philippe Bordes et al. Description of SDR, HDR and 360◦ video coding technology proposal by Qualcomm and Technicolor – medium complexity version. Doc. JVET-J0022. San Diego,
CA, USA, 10th meeting: Joint Video Experts Team (JVET) of ITU-T SG 16 WP 3 and ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11, Apr. 10, 2018. URL:
http://phenix.int-evry.fr/jvet/doc_end_user/documents/10_San%20Diego/wg11/JVET-J0022-v3.zip.
[16] Max Blaeser, Johannes Sauer, and Mathias Wien. Description of SDR and 360◦ video coding technology proposal by RWTH Aachen University. Doc. JVET-J0023. San Diego, CA,
USA, 10th meeting: Joint Video Experts Team (JVET) of ITU-T SG 16 WP 3 and ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11, Apr. 10, 2018. URL:
http://phenix.int-evry.fr/jvet/doc_end_user/documents/10_San%20Diego/wg11/JVET-J0023-v3.zip.
51 of 43 VVC: Coding Tools for UHD and 360 | Mathias Wien | Lehrstuhl für Bildverarbeitung | RWTH Aachen University | 23.11.2018 | INSA Rennes
59. Literature III
[17] Sri Nitchith Akula et al. Description of SDR, HDR and 360◦ video coding technology proposal considering mobile application scenario by Samsung, Huawei, GoPro, and HiSilicon. Doc.
JVET-J0024. San Diego, CA, USA, 10th meeting: Joint Video Experts Team (JVET) of ITU-T SG 16 WP 3 and ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11, Apr. 10, 2018. URL:
http://phenix.int-evry.fr/jvet/doc_end_user/documents/10_San%20Diego/wg11/JVET-J0024-v5.zip.
[18] Huanbang Chen et al. Description of SDR, HDR and 360◦ video coding technology proposal considering mobile application scenario by Huawei, GoPro, HiSilicon, and Samsung. Doc.
JVET-J0025. San Diego, CA, USA, 10th meeting: Joint Video Experts Team (JVET) of ITU-T SG 16 WP 3 and ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11, Apr. 10, 2018. URL:
http://phenix.int-evry.fr/jvet/doc_end_user/documents/10_San%20Diego/wg11/JVET-J0025-v4.zip.
[19] Kiran Misra et al. Description of SDR and HDR video coding technology proposal by Sharp and Foxconn. Doc. JVET-J0026. San Diego, CA, USA, 10th meeting: Joint Video Experts
Team (JVET) of ITU-T SG 16 WP 3 and ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11, Apr. 10, 2018. URL:
http://phenix.int-evry.fr/jvet/doc_end_user/documents/10_San%20Diego/wg11/JVET-J0026-v11.zip.
[20] Shunsuke Iwamura et al. Description of SDR and HDR video coding technology proposal by NHK and Sharp. Doc. JVET-J0027. San Diego, CA, USA, 10th meeting: Joint Video Experts
Team (JVET) of ITU-T SG 16 WP 3 and ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11, Apr. 10, 2018. URL:
http://phenix.int-evry.fr/jvet/doc_end_user/documents/10_San%20Diego/wg11/JVET-J0027-v5.zip.
[21] Teruhiko Suzuki, Masaru Ikeda, and Karl Sharman. Description of SDR and HDR video coding technology proposal by Sony. Doc. JVET-J0028. San Diego, CA, USA, 10th meeting:
Joint Video Experts Team (JVET) of ITU-T SG 16 WP 3 and ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11, Apr. 10, 2018. URL:
http://phenix.int-evry.fr/jvet/doc_end_user/documents/10_San%20Diego/wg11/JVET-J0028-v2.zip.
[22] Xiang Li et al. Description of SDR video coding technology proposal by Tencent. Doc. JVET-J0029. San Diego, CA, USA, 10th meeting: Joint Video Experts Team (JVET) of ITU-T SG
16 WP 3 and ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11, Apr. 10, 2018. URL:
http://phenix.int-evry.fr/jvet/doc_end_user/documents/10_San%20Diego/wg11/JVET-J0029-v4.zip.
[23] Alexandre Gabriel and Emmanuel Thomas. Description of 360◦ video coding technology proposal by TNO. Doc. JVET-J0030. San Diego, CA, USA, 10th meeting: Joint Video Experts
Team (JVET) of ITU-T SG 16 WP 3 and ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11, Apr. 10, 2018. URL:
http://phenix.int-evry.fr/jvet/doc_end_user/documents/10_San%20Diego/wg11/JVET-J0030-v2.zip.
[24] David Bull, Fan Zhang, and Mariana Afonso. Description of SDR video coding technology proposal by University of Bristol. Doc. JVET-J0031. San Diego, CA, USA, 10th meeting: Joint
Video Experts Team (JVET) of ITU-T SG 16 WP 3 and ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11, Apr. 10, 2018. URL:
http://phenix.int-evry.fr/jvet/doc_end_user/documents/10_San%20Diego/wg11/JVET-J0031-v3.zip.
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60. Literature IV
[25] Feng Wu et al. Description of SDR video coding technology proposal by University of Science and Technology of China, Peking University, Harbin Institute of Technology, and Wuhan
University (IEEE 1857.10 Study Group). Doc. JVET-J0032. San Diego, CA, USA, 10th meeting: Joint Video Experts Team (JVET) of ITU-T SG 16 WP 3 and ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG
11, Apr. 10, 2018. URL: http://phenix.int-evry.fr/jvet/doc_end_user/documents/10_San%20Diego/wg11/JVET-J0032-v4.zip.
[26] Yule Sun et al. Description of 360◦ video coding technology proposal by Zhejiang University. Doc. JVET-J0033. San Diego, CA, USA, 10th meeting: Joint Video Experts Team (JVET) of
ITU-T SG 16 WP 3 and ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11, Apr. 10, 2018. URL:
http://phenix.int-evry.fr/jvet/doc_end_user/documents/10_San%20Diego/wg11/JVET-J0033-v3.zip.
[27] Vittorio Baroncini. Results of Subjective Testing of Responses to the Joint CfP on Video Compression Technology with Capability beyond HEVC. Doc. JVET-J0080. 10th meeting, San
Diego, CA, USA: Joint Video Experts Team (JVET) of ITU-T SG 16 WP 3 and ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11, Apr. 2018. URL:
http://phenix.int-evry.fr/jvet/doc_end_user/documents/10_San%20Diego/wg11/JVET-J0080-v2.zip.
[28] Vittorio Baronchini, Jens-Rainer Ohm, and Gary Sullivan. Report of results from the Call for Proposals on Video Compression with Capability beyond HEVC. Doc. JVET-J1003. San
Diego, CA, USA, 10th meeting: Joint Video Experts Team (JVET) of ITU-T SG 16 WP 3 and ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11, Apr. 10, 2018. URL:
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61. Literature V
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54 of 43 VVC: Coding Tools for UHD and 360 | Mathias Wien | Lehrstuhl für Bildverarbeitung | RWTH Aachen University | 23.11.2018 | INSA Rennes