1. SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT ANDSOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT AND
ITS UTILISATIONITS UTILISATION
THANK YOU
Presented By:Presented By:
Sarita SahooSarita Sahoo
PAPRIPAPRI

2. 22
Classification of WasteClassification of Waste
This includes :This includes :
(a) Municipal Waste(a) Municipal Waste
(b) Industrial Waste(b) Industrial Waste
(c) Bio Medical Waste(c) Bio Medical Waste

3. Classification of Municipal waste
Waste
Bio
degradable
Non Bio
degradable
• Organic Waste
e.g. Kitchen waste,
Vegetable, fruits, flowers,
leaf litter, paper &
packaging materials
• Recyclable waste
e.g. Plastic, glass,
metal, gutka pan masala
packing material etc.
• Others

4. 44

5. TYPE OF LITTER GENERATED & TIME (APPROX)
TAKEN TO DEGENERATE
Type of litter Approximate time it takes to
degenerate the litter
Organic waste such as vegetable
and fruit peels, leftover foodstuff,
etc.
a week or two.
Paper 10–30 days
Cotton cloth 2–5 months
Wood 10–15 years
Woolen items 1 year
Tin, aluminium, and other metal
items such as cans
100–500 years
Plastic bags one million years?
Glass bottles undetermined

6. INDIAN SCENARIO

7. 77
Table: Physical Characteristics of Municipal Solid Waste in Indian Cities
Population
range
(In millions)
Nitrogen
as Total
Nitrogen
Phosphorus
as P2O5
Potassium
as K2O
C/N
Ratio
Calorific
Value
Kcal/kg.
0.1 to 0.5 0.71 0.63 0.83 30.94 1009.89
0.5 to 1.0 0.66 0.56 0.69 21.13 900.61
1.0 to 2.0 0.64 0.82 0.72 23.68 980.05
2.0 to 5.0 0.56 0.69 0.78 22.45 907.18
5.0 & above 0.56 0.52 0.52 30.11 800.70
Composition of Waste
• India produces 42.0 million tons of municipal
solid waste annually at present.
• Collection efficiency ranges between 50% to 90%
of the solid waste generated.

8. GENERAL RECOMMENDATION FOR WASTE
MANAGEMENT
Possible Waste Management Options :
• Waste Minimisation
• Material Recycling
• Waste Processing (Resource Recovery)
• Waste Transformation
• Scientific landfilling – Limited land availability is a
constraint in Metro cities.

9. GENERAL RECOMMENDATION FOR WASTE
MANAGEMENT
Processing / Treatment should be :
• Technically sound
• Financially viable
• Eco-friendly / Environmental friendly
• Easy to operate & maintain by local community
• Long term sustainability

10. VARIOUS TECHNOLOGY OPTIONS RECOMMENDED
FOR WASTE PROCESSING
TOWNS GENERATING GARBAGE (ORGANIC)
UPTO 50 METRIC TONS / DAY(MT/DAY) = VERMI-COMPOSTING
BETWEEN 50 MT & 500 MT / DAY = VERMI-COMPOSTING +
MECHANICAL COMPOSTING
MORE THAN 500 MT / DAY = MECHANICAL COMPOSTING +
REFUSE DERIVED FUEL(RDF)
FROM REJECTS KEEPING IN
VIEW THE TYPE OF THE CITY
(INDUSTRIAL OR NON-
INDUSTRIAL)
OR
BIO-METHANATION

11. SOLID WASTE
MANAGEMENT AT
JKPM COLONY

12. Garbage & Plantation Waste Lifting &
Transportation in the Colony per Day
Type of Quarter No. of
Quarter
s
Average
Population
No. of
trips of
Tractor
per day
No. of
Garbage
Bins
Garbage
generated
per day (in
Kgs.)
Total
garbage (in
Kgs.)
Approx.
Bio degrad. Non
biodegrad
B, Q, & W/W 132 528 1 7 49 1 50
C & Old ND 248 992 1 16 89 1 90
Hostels & Guest
House
53 106 1 2 29 1 30
D, Mess 2x1 &
New ND
256 1024 1 16 73 2 75
E Type 344 1376 1 26 122 3 125
SPT 579 2316 1 7 148 2 150
BSPT, NH &
Market
160 640 1 6 47 3 50
Plantation waste 50
Total: 1772 6982 7 80 557 13 620

13. 1313
Composition of Solid WasteComposition of Solid Waste
89.0%
2.2%
0.3%
6.7%
1.9%
Plastic Glass Metal Others Biodegradable

14. Activities from source to disposal
Waste from household activities
Segregation of waste at generation source
Biodegradable Non Biodegradable
Door to door
collection
Transport to local
dustbin by trolley
Waste transported
to dumping site
Biodegradable
waste to ravines
Ragpickers segregate
recyclable material
Transport to local
dustbin by trolley
Non-biodegradable
waste to identified
dumping ground
Waste transported
to storage site
Plastic polybag sold
to authorised
recyclers
Ragpickers segregate
recyclable material
Non-biodegradable
waste to identified
dumping ground

15. Segregation of waste at generation
source

16. Transport to local dustbin by trolley

17. Bio - Non bio degradable waste
dumped separately

18. UTILIZATION OFUTILIZATION OF
ORGANIC WASTEORGANIC WASTE
BYBY
VERMI COMPOSTINGVERMI COMPOSTING
1818

19. 1919
BENEFITS OF COMPOSTING:
• As much as 80% waste of low & middle income countries is
compostible - increases overall waste diversion from final disposal.
• Improves recycling and incineration operations by removing
organic matter from the waste stream.
• Produces a valuable soil amendment-integral to sustainable
agriculture.
• Promotes environmentally sound practices - reduction of methane
generation at landfills.
• Reduces waste transportation requirements.
• Flexible implementation - Household efforts to large-scale
facilities.
• Requires very little capital.

20. Combinations of WasteCombinations of Waste
Utilization tried at PAPRIUtilization tried at PAPRI
Garden WasteGarden Waste
CompostCompost
 Fly Ash : 5%Fly Ash : 5%
 Cowdung : 15%Cowdung : 15%
 Green leaf litter : 20%Green leaf litter : 20%
 Dry leaf litter : 60%Dry leaf litter : 60%
Kitchen WasteKitchen Waste
CompostCompost
 Vegetable waste : 30%Vegetable waste : 30%
 Leaf litter : 70%Leaf litter : 70%
2020

21. 2121
VERMICOMPOST FROM ORGANIC WASTE

22. Trial on ladiesfinger plants in small plots
Growth
Parameters Period
Plain
soil
Vermicompost
1
Vermicompost
2
Plant height
5th week 13.2 23.2 27.8
7th week 30.1 52.6 57.8
Leaf length
5th week 13.6 18.9 20.4
7th week 19.8 27.4 28
Width
5th week 11.9 15.9 18.5
7th week 16 23 22.6
No. of buds
5th week 0 1 1
7th week 0 0 0
No of brinjals
5th week 0 0 0
7th week 0 1 2
Weight of ladies
finger (gm) 20th week 1691 4330 4631

23. Trial on Vermicomposts on
Gaillardia
Growth Parameters Period Plain soil
Vermicompost
1
Vermicompost
2
Plant height
4th week 16 19 26.5
8th week 51 70 72.5
Leaf length
4th week 14.5 16.3 15.3
8th week 16 17 15.5
Width
4th week 3.4 3.9 4.1
8th week 4.7 6.5 5
No. of flowers
4th week 1 7 10
8th week 2 12 13
size of flowers
4th week 4.5 5 5.9
8th week 4.7 5.3 6

24. Results of TrialResults of Trial
 To assess the performance of vermicomposts from To assess the performance of vermicomposts from
various types of wastes as compared to normal soil various types of wastes as compared to normal soil
Ladies finger plants were grown and all the plant Ladies finger plants were grown and all the plant
growth parameters were studied.growth parameters were studied.
 Increase in plant height 52.5%Increase in plant height 52.5%
 Increase in leaf length 33.3% Increase in leaf length 33.3%
 Increase in leaf width 35.6%Increase in leaf width 35.6%
2424

25. Trial plots of Ladies finger

26. Trial plots of Ladies finger

27. THANK YOU