10. The word root is a term derived from a source language such as Greek or Latin and usually describes a body part. The prefix can be added in front of the term to modify the word root by giving additional information about the location of an organ, the number of parts, or time involved. Suffixes are attached to the end of a word root to add meaning such as condition, disease process, or procedure.
11. For example, if a word was to be formed to indicate a condition of kidneys, there are two primary roots – one from Greek and one from Latin. Renal failure would be a condition of kidneys , and nephritis is also a condition, or inflammation, of the kidneys.
12. The suffix –it is means inflammation, and the entire word conveys the meaning inflammation of the kidney. To continue using these terms, other combinations will be presented for the purpose of examples: The term ' supra-renal is a combination of the prefix supra- (meaning "above"), and the word root for kidney, and the entire word means "situated above the kidneys".
13. The word " nephrologist " combines the root word for kidney to the suffix -ologist with the resultant meaning of "one who studies the kidneys"
14. Word root examples: Arthr- (meaning joint ) Onych- (meaning nail ) Dermat- (meaning skin ) Suffix examples: - itis (meaning inflammation ) -oma (meaning tumor ) -ic, -al (meaning pertaining to ) Prefix examples: Poly- (meaning many ) Intra- (meaning within ) Sub- (meaning below )
15. Common Medical Terms English Common English Medical Arabic Common heart specialist cardiologist أخصائي القلب high blood pressure hypertension إرتفاع ضغط الدم brain inflammation encephalitis إلتهاب الدماغ
16. Common Medical Terms English Common English Medical Arabic Medical artery X-ray arteriography تصوير الشرايين dry mouth xerostomia جفاف الفم medication to treat fever antipyretic خافض للحرارة
17. Common Medical Terms English Common English Medical Arabic Medical dizziness vertigo دوخة lung-related pulmonary رئوي cancer carcinoma ورم سرطاني
18. Common Medical Terms English Common English Medical Arabic Medical hearing-related auditory سمعي breathing in inspiration شهيق headache cephalgia صداع
19. Common Medical Terms English Common English Medical Arabic Medical medication to treat cancer antineoplastic ضد نمو الأورام artificial limb prosthesis طرف تعويضي lymph node cancer lymphoma ورم ليمفاوي
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