The document discusses the passive voice in English. It is used when the action is more important than the doer, when the doer is unknown, or to be indirect. The passive voice is formed with a form of "to be" and the past participle of the main verb. It provides examples of affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences in the passive voice in various tenses. It also explains how to change sentences from active to passive voice by making the object of the active sentence the subject of the passive sentence.

2. USES
The passive voice sentences are frequently used
in English.
It is used when we want emphasize the action of
the sentence.
It can be used when we don't want name the doer
of the action because it isn't important.
It can be used when we don't know who is the
doer of the action.

3. FORM
.
Passive voice verb is formed with the verb to be
and the past participle of the main verb.
Negative auxiliary is added to the verb to be in
negative sentences.
Interrogative sentences are started by the verb to
be followed by the subject and the past
participle (present simple tense).

4. AFIRMATIVE SENTENCES:
Subject+To be (conjugated)+Past participle
Margaret is helped by the teacher.
NEGATIVE SENTENCES:
Subject+To be (conjugated in negative)+Past
Participle
Margaret is not helped by the teacher.
INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES:
To be (conjugated)+Subject+Past Participle
Is Margaret helped by the teacher?

5. EXEMPLES IN OTHER TENSES
Past Simple
She was named delegate in 1998.
She was not named delegate in 1998.
Was she named delegate in 1998?
Modal Verb
The film can be seen in my house.
The film can not be seen in my house.
Can the film be seen in my house?

6. Present Perfect
They have been stuck in the fight.
They have not been stuck in the fight.
Have they been stuck in the fight?
Past Perfect Simple
Mary had been phoned before the concert.
Mary had not been phoned before the concert.
Had Mary been phoned before the concert?

7. Future with will
You will be sacked by your boss.
You will not be sacked by your boss.
Will you be sacked by your boss?
Future with going to
The shop is going to be closed in ten minutes.
The shop is not going to be closed in ten
minutes.
Is the shop going to be closed in ten minutes?

8. ACTIVE VOICE TO PASSIVE VOICE
Intransitive sentences can't be changed to
passive voice because objects are required for
doing it.
The subject of the passive sentence is the object
of the active sentence.
The object of the passive sentence is the subject
of the active sentence. If the subject is the doer
in the active sentence, we will put it after the
preposition BY in the passive voice and it is
known as Subject Agent.
ACTIVE VOICE:
Peter listens a song.
PASIVE VOICE:
A song is listened by Peter. (S. Agent)
Peter

9. We must add the verb to be conjugated in the
same tense the main verb had in the active voice.
The main verb of the active sentence should be in
past participle tense in the passive sentence.
ACTIVE VOICE:
My son don't eat vegetables. (Present Simple)
PASSIVE VOICE:
Vegetables are eaten by my son. (P. Simple+P.
Participle)

10. When the sentence has two objects, the subject
of the passive voice can be the indirect object or
the direct object:
ACTIVE VOICE:
Lola sewed Katy a beautiful dress.
PASSIVE VOICE:
Katy was sewn a beautiful dress by Lola.*
A beautiful dress was sewn to Katy by Lola.
*This form is preferred in English.

11. If the indirect object is a pronoun in the active
sentence (her, me, his..), we will put it as subject
form (She, I, he..) in the passive sentence.
If the subject is a pronoun in the active sentence
(I, we, they...), we will put it as a indirect object
pronoun in the passive sentence (me, us, them..)
ACTIVE VOICE:
Mike sent her a love letter.
He gave me some sweets.
PASSIVE VOICE:
She was sent a love letter by Mike.
I was given some sweets by him.
him

12. MORE EXEMPLES
ACTIVE VOICE:
They filmed the scene in France.
I read a lot of books.
Mum cooks breakfast every day.
Doctors should help patients.
Michael doesn't eat vegetables.
PASSIVE VOICE:
The scene was filmed in France.
A lot of books are read.
Breakfast is cooked every day by mum.
Patients should be helped by doctors.
Vegetables are not eaten by Michael.