Agriculture has been and continues to be the most important sector in Indian economy. Climate change is one of the most important environmental issues facing the world today. The impact of climate change is a reality and it cuts across all climates sensitive sectors including the Agriculture sector. In this situation this seminar focuses on the climate smart agriculture. CSA brings together practices, policies and institutions that are not necessarily new but are used in the context of climatic changes which is prime requirement in arena of climate change. Farmers possessed low level of knowledge regarding climate change, and they adopted traditional methods to mitigate the impact of climate change. Small land holdings, poor extension services and non availability of stress tolerant verities were the major problems faced by the farmers in adoption to climate change. Extension functionaries were having medium level awareness about impact of climate change on agriculture. They used electronic media, training and conferences and seminars as major sources of information for climate change. They need training on climate smart agriculture aspects. Based on the above facts this presentation focuses on analyzing the opportunities and challenges of climate smart agriculture.

2. Advisory Committee
Chairperson :Dr.J.Meenambigai, Asst.Prof (Agrl.Ext)
Members:
Dr.Santha Govind , Professor & Head (Agrl.Ext)
Dr.G.Tamil Selvi, Professor (Agrl.Ext)
Dr.P.Karuppaiah, Professor ( Horticulture)

3. Climate Smart Agriculture – Opportunities
and Challenges

4. Introduction

5. .

6. Definition -Global Warming
Defined as an increase in the average
temperature of the Earth's atmosphere,
especially a sustained increase great enough
to effect changes in the global climate’.

8. Climate
 The climate is defined as’ the general or
average weather conditions of a certain
region, including temperature, rainfall,
and wind’.

9. Climate Change
Climate change refers to the variation in
the Earth's global climate or in regional
climates over time.
It could show up as a change in climate
normal's for a given place and time of
year, from one decade to the next.

10. Why the Climate change?
Natural Causes
2. Volcanoes
1. Continental drift
4. Ocean currents
3. The earth's tilt
Man made Causes
1. The Industrial pollution
2. The burning of fossil fuels
3. Deforestation
4. Agriculture

11. Green House effect
The earth's atmosphere traps solar radiation.
Mediated - presence in the atmosphere of gases.
Carbon dioxide, water vapor & methane
Sunlight to pass through, but absorb the heat
radiated back from the earth's surface.

12. Climate and Indian Agriculture
Considerably dependant on changes in
weather.
Contribution of agriculture to GDP is
decreasing, yet large population dependent
on this for livelihoods.
Need to understand the impacts of increasing
climatic risks and possible adaptations.

13. Impact of Climate Change on Food
Supply
Items Production
(million tons)
Demand of food (million tons)
2015 2020
Rice 104.80 122.1
Wheat 88.94 102.8
Coarse grains 41.75 40.9
Total cereals 235.49 265.8
* Source: Commodity India 2016

14. What is climate-smart agriculture?
Sustainably increases productivity
Resilience (adaptation)
Reduces/Removes greenhouse gases
(mitigation)
Enhances achievement of national food
security

15. History of CSA
 2009: Term Climate-Smart Agricultural development
 2010: 1st Global Conference on Food Security, Agriculture and Climate
Change in The Hague - the concept of CSA was presented.
 2012: At the 2nd Global Conference in Hanoi, Vietnam: Climate-Smart
Agriculture Sourcebook advanced the CSA concept intending to benefit
primarily smallholder farmers and vulnerable people in developing
countries.
 2013: 3rd Global Conference in Johannesburg, South Africa, discussions
began on a climate smart agriculture alliance.
 2014: Climate Summit in New York, the Global Alliance for Climate-
Smart Agriculture Action plan was presented.

16. Definition - CSA
Is a relatively new approach to developing
the technical, political and financial
conditions for the achievement of
sustainable development goals.
- FAO 2015

17. CSA - Concept
 An integrated approach to developing technical,
policy and investment conditions to achieve
sustainable agricultural development for food security
under climate change.
 It integrates the three dimensions of sustainable
development (economic, social and environmental) by
jointly addressing food security and climate
challenges.
 CSA brings together practices, policies and institutions
that are not necessarily new but are used in the
context of climatic changes, which are unfamiliar to
farmers.

18. CSA - three pillars
Sustainably increasing agricultural productivity
and incomes.
Adapting and building resilience to climate
change.
Reducing and/or eliminating GHG emissions.

19. Objectives of CSA

20. “Climate-Smart” -Agriculture
• Developing countries must undergo a significant
transformation in order to meet the related
challenges of achieving food security and
responding to climate change.
• Population growth and food consumption
patterns indicate that agricultural production will
need to increase by at least 70 % to meet demands
by 2050.

21. Cont…..
Climate change is likely to reduce
agricultural productivity, production
stability and incomes in some areas that
already have high levels of food
insecurity.
Developing climate-smart agriculture is
thus crucial to achieving future food
security and climate change goals.

22. Climate-smart practices
Crop management
Livestock management
Soil and water management
Agroforestry
Integrated food energy Systems

23. Crop management
Intercropping with legumes.
Crop rotations.
New crop varieties. (e.g. drought
resistant)
Improved storage and processing
techniques.
Greater crop diversity.

24. Livestock management
• Improved feeding strategies (e.g. cut ’n carry)
• Rotational grazing
• Fodder crops
• Grassland restoration and conservation
• Manure treatment
• Improved livestock Health
• Animal husbandry improvements

25. Soil and water management
• Conservation agriculture (e.g. minimum tillage)
• Contour planting
• Terraces and bunds
• Planting pits
• Water storage (e.g. water pans)
• Alternate wetting and drying (SRI rice)
• Dams, pits, ridges
• Improved irrigation (e.g. drip)

26. Agroforestry
• Boundary trees and Hedgerows
• Nitrogen-fixing trees on farms
• Multipurpose trees
• Woodlots
• Fruit orchards

27. Integrated food energy
Systems
 Biogas
 Production of energy Plants
 Improved stoves

28. Dimension - Climate Smart
Agriculture
Water smart
Weather smart
Nutrient smart
Carbon smart
Energy smart
Knowledge smart

29. Water smart
 Direct seeded rice
 Raised bed
 Maize bed
 SRI technology
 Drip Irrigation

30. Weather smart
Weather forecast
 Index based insurance
 Seeds

32. Nutrient smart
Nutrient expert decision support tool for
agriculture.

33. Carbon smart & Energy smart
 Residue management
 No tillage or zero tillage

34. Knowledge smart
ICTs
Gender empowerment
Capacity

35. Ex- Knowledge Smart
Mobile APP for Pest and Disease Management of
crops
(PEAT) –
ICRISAT (ICM)

36. Examples – climate smart production
systems
The production, processing and marketing of
agricultural goods are central to food security
and economic growth.
Products derived from plants and animals
include foods .
Fibers
Fuels

37. Ex- Soil and nutrient management
 This can be done through composting
manure and crop residues, more precise
matching of nutrients with plant needs,
controlled release and deep placement
technologies or using legumes for natural
nitrogen fixation.

38. Ex- Improving soil nutrient
content
 This can be partially resolved by the use
of legumes as green manures, planted in
intercropping systems, as part of a scheme
of crop rotation or in agro-forestry
systems.

39. Ex- Water harvesting and use
 Improved water harvesting and retention & water-use efficiency
are fundamental for increasing production and addressing
increasing irregularity of rainfall patterns.
 Today, irrigation is practiced on 20 percent of the agricultural land
in developing countries but can generate 130 percent more yields
than rain-fed systems.
 The expansion of efficient management technologies and
methods, especially those relevant to smallholders is fundamental.

40. Ex- Resilient Ecosystems
 Sustainable systems that may also contribute to
reducing or removing greenhouse gases.
 Services include, control of pests and disease,
regulation of microclimate, decomposition of wastes,
regulating nutrient cycles and crop pollination.
 Enabling and enhancing the provision of such
services can be achieved through the adoption of
different natural resource management and
production practices.

41. Ex- Harvesting, processing and
supply chains
Reduce post-harvest losses and preserve food
quantity, quality and nutritional value of the
product.
It also ensures better use of co-products and
by-products, to produce renewable energy in
integrated systems or to improve soil
fertility.
To ensure increased shelf life, retain quality
and reduce carbon footprints.

42. CSA - Conservation agriculture
 Minimum soil disturbance
 Retention of crop residues
or other soil surface cover
 Use of crop rotations

43. Minimum soil disturbance
 Zero tillage is ideal, but the
system may involve controlled
tillage in which no more than 20
to 25% of the soil surface is
disturbed.

44. Retention of crop residues or other
soil surface cover
CA use 30% permanent organic soil cover as
the minimum, but the ideal level of soil cover
is site-specific.

45. Use of crop rotations
 Reduce build-up of weeds, pests and
diseases. Where farmers do not have enough
land to rotate crops, intercropping can be
used.
 Legumes are recommended as rotational
crops for their nitrogen-fixing functions.

46. CA - Key messages
Increase resilience to climate change and has
the potential to contribute to climate change
mitigation.
The benefits of CA are highly site specific.
Innovative approaches are needed to
overcome barriers for uptake of CA by
smallholders

47. Benefits of CA
Stable yields
Drought buffering
Reduced field preparation costs
Reduced soil erosion
Climate change mitigation

48. Climate change mitigation
 Under certain conditions, CA may contribute
to climate change mitigation through carbon
sequestration and reduced GHG emissions.
 But climate change adaptation rather than
mitigation should be the main policy driver
for its promotion.

49. Challenges to CA adoption
 Appropriate soil type
 Sufficient availability of crop residues or
other mulch
 Affordable access to fertilizer and
herbicides
 Weed control
 Delayed yield benefits

50. CSA- Millets
 Millets are climate change compliant crops
that resist the challenges.
 Such as global warming, water scarcity,
recurring droughts and malnutrition posed to
us in the coming era of climate change
through their capacity to withstand these
challenges.

51. Cont…..
Demand is slowly increasing for various
types of millets that require very little
water to grow.
Scientists say that millet cultivation needs
to be further encouraged to adapt to
global warming that leads to losses in crop
yields.

52. Cont…..
Millets are increasingly being included in the
food basket of rural and urban households.
They cost less than rice or wheat, and keep
you healthier.
They also need less water to grow and can
tolerate higher temperatures, crucial for
farmers in this era of climate change.

53. Cont…..
 Millets are highly tolerant to increased temperatures,
droughts and floods.
 millets are generally resilient to pests
 Millets are rich in nutrients
 Suitable for mixed and intercropping, crops like maize and
broad bean, grown with millets, offer food and livelihood
security to farmers

54. Millets – Climate Change
 Climate Change bonus for being low
carbon crops.
 Help us fight the carbon crisis

55. Ability to sequester carbon
 As millets have more tillers or branches
than corn and sorghum, they provide
better fodder too.
 Millet crops also have a good ability to
sequester carbon and so help climate
adaptation, considering the water needs
and methane emission of rice fields.

56. Millets - Water Conservation
 Millet farmers grow their crop without irrigation.
 Thus every acre of millet farm saves the country
up to six million liters.
 This is the “root print” of millets that needs state
recognition and acknowledgement.

57. Millets - Nutrition
• Millets crops are storehouses of nutrition For
the impoverished populations residing in the
dry land areas of India.
• Millets offer a huge nutrition solution during
the climate change years when India will face
a nutritional emergency.

58. Climate Smart Agriculture with
Gender Perspective

59. Gender
Socio cultural differences between the
males and females.
Biological process does not discriminate
between man and woman.

60. Gender Status in Agriculture
As farmers, agricultural workers and women
form the backbone of agricultural rural
economy.
Women farmers represent more than a
quarter of the world’s population.
Women comprise, on an average, 43 % of the
agricultural work force in developing
countries.

61. Cont…..
Yet women have less access than men to
agriculture related assets, inputs and services.
Had they enjoyed the same access to
productive resources as men, women could
boost yield by 20-30 %.
Also raising the overall agricultural output by
2 ½ to 4%.

62. Share of crops produced by - FHH
Asian
32%
Africa
60%
Other
8%
% of rural HH
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Asian Africa Other
% of total value of food produced
% of total
value of food
produced

63. Women in Agriculture allied
sectors (World level)
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
livestock
keepers fisheries and
aquaculture
400
45
Women in Agriculture allied sectors (World level) Peoples
(Million)

64. Gender- Climate Smart
Perspective
 Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) is an
integrated approach.
 FAO: developing countries, an average of 43 %
of the agricultural labor force is made up of
women; in many countries this proportion is
much higher.

65. Policy Recommendations to Make
CSA More Gender-Smart
Conduct gender analysis within all CSA
projects, programs and policies to assess the
implications and benefits of CSA technologies
and practices on men and women.
Identify women’s groups and provide them
with training and support for leadership,
negotiation and communication skills, as well
as business skills.

66. Cont…..
 Support women’s participation in decision making
related to climate change, particularly at the local level.
 Provide training to both men and women on CSA
technologies and practices and awareness related to
gender.
 Facilitate women’s access to land and credit through
transforming laws and local practices.

67. Economic benefits of CSA
practices
CSA
intervention
%
change
in
total
producti
on
%
change
in
total
input
cost
Change in
yield
(t/ha)
Change in
input
cost (INR
ha)
Net return
(INR ha)
Improved
seeds (IS)
19 52 1.03 1,402.00 15,712
Laser land
leveling (LLL)
10 9.5 0.33 3,037.00 8,119
Zero tillage
(ZT)
6 -41 0.36 -1,577.00 6,951
IS + LLL 17 63 0.87 1,752.00 14,194
IS + ZT 16 6 0.94 234.00 15,303
*Source: FAO report 2015.

68. Economics & Policy Innovations for
CSA
 Identifying the synergies and tradeoffs between food security,
adaptation and mitigation that may arise in transforming .
 Identifies the local institutions needed to support the transition to
CSA systems.
 Provides assistance for strategic planning that integrates climate
change, agricultural development and food security policy
objectives and investments.
 Builds mechanisms and investment plans to combine climate
finance with agricultural investment finance to support the
transition to CSA.

69. CSA IN INDIA

71. 1800
1300
800
300
-2002010 2012 2014 2016
NumberofClimate
SmartVillages
End of
2016
Climate Smart Villages In India
Source: Pramod aggrawal (2015), CIMMYT-CCAFS

72. Key Interventions - CS Village

73. In XII Plan period, the vision is to develop at least 50 CSVs by 2016-17.
These villages should act as hubs for upscaling climate smart practices under NMSA.
Vision is to have all these villages fully comply with climate resilience practices like:
1. Utilization of complete surface water harvesting potential
2. Mandatory ground water recharge structures
3. Fertilizer use only based on soil testing
4. Nitrogen application based on better products
5. Use of energy efficient pumps for water lifting
6. No burning of crop residues; mandatory greening of waste lands with tree cover
7. Green and brown manuring to the extent feasible
8. Water saving paddy cultivation practices (direct seeding, AWD etc.)
9. Mandatory vaccination of livestock for seasonal diseases
10. Livestock feeding, housing and manure management that emit least methane
11. All farmers to have access to agro advisories through mobiles
12. Appropriate weather insurance packages identified
Towards Developing Climate Smart villages

74. National
Solar
Mission
National
Mission for
Enhanced
Energy
Efficiency
National
Mission on
Sustainable
Habitat
National Water
Mission
National
Mission for
Sustainable
Agriculture
National
Mission for
Sustaining
the
Himalayan
Ecosystem
National
Mission for a
Green India
National Mission
on Strategic
Knowledge for
Climate Change
National Action Plan
INDIA

75.  To make agriculture productive, sustainable, remunerative and
climate resilient
 To adopt comprehensive soil health management practices based
on soil fertility status
 To optimize utilization of water resources through efficient water
management
 To conserve on-farm resources through appropriate resource
conservation technologies
 To develop capacity of farmers & stakeholders in the domain of
climate change adaptation and mitigation measures
 To pilot models in select blocks by mainstreaming rainfed
technologies and leveraging resources
 To establish an effective inter and intra Departmental/Ministerial
co-ordination for accomplishing key deliverables .
National Action Plan Objectives

76. Newly launched CSA related schemes in India

77. •To enhance resilience of Indian agriculture (including crops, livestock and fisheries) to
climatic variability and climate change
•To demonstrate site specific technology packages on farmers’ fields to cope with current
climatic variability
•To enhance the capacity of scientists, farmers and other stakeholders in climate resilient
agricultural research and awareness of impacts
Project Components
• Strategic Research
• Technology Demonstrations
• Capacity Building
• Sponsored / Competitive
research grants
Program areas
•Rainfed crop production systems
•Irrigated crop production systems
•Horticultural production systems
•Soil, water and nutrient management
•Monitoring of GHGs
•Resource use efficiency in agriculture
•Improved machinery for adaptation
and mitigation
•Livestock and Dairy sector
•Fisheries including Aquaculture
National Innovations on Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA)
Objectives

78. Implementation
framework
Plan of Work
PRA
ICAR
FGD
NRM
Div.
Extn.
Div.
Baseline
CRIDA ATARI
Action plan
KVK Interventions
Impact & up-scalingNICRA
village
ZMC for Monitoring
& Third party
evaluation
Village level Climate Risk
Management Committee
(VCRMC)
(10-20 villagers)

79. 1. Water conservation and water harvesting.
2. Drought proofing including afforestation and tree plantation .
3. Irrigation canals.
4. Provision of irrigation facility to land owned by SC, ST/beneficiaries under
IAY.
5. Renovation of traditional water bodies.
6. Land development .
7. Flood control and protection works including drainage in water logged areas.
8. Rural connectivity to provide all weather access.
9. Agriculture related works
10.Livestock related works
11.Fisheries related works
12.Works in coastal areas
13.Rural drinking water related works
14.Rural sanitation related works
15.Any other work notified by the GOI
MGNREGA INTERVENTION FOR CSA

80. CSA Project - TN

81. On going project Tamil Nadu

82. ClimaAdapt

83. V- KVK SMS Advisory Community Radio
Weather
Information
Hiring Agricultural
Implements
New initiatives in KVK

84. Supporting & Funding
Institutions
Climate
Smart
Agriculture

85. Producing and sharing
technical knowledge
Providing financial
services, credit and access
to markets
Supporting the co-
ordination of
collaborative action
help people
translate CSA
information into
knowledge.
• credit,
• insurance,
• social safety nets,
• payments or
rewards for
environmental
services.
networks and
knowledge-
sharing
platforms).
Roles of Funding Institution

86. Weather Information
 Current weather
forecasts
 Seasonal forecasts
 Longer-term climate
trends
Available Options information
 Climate smart technologies
 Climate smart practices
Services to Farmers

87. Research evidence

88. Figure : 1 knowledge level about climate change
Himachal Pradesh Sarkar and Padaria (2015)
n=100

89. Table 1 : major coping mechanism adopted by them to mitigate the impact of climate change
Sr.
No.
Coping mechanism
Small
Farmers
Medium
Farmers
Large
Farmers
Total Farmers
A. Technological mitigation
1 Change in cropping pattern 60.00 40.00 26.67 42.22
2 Mixed/inter cropping 93.33 76.67 56.67 75.56
3 Cultivating tree crops 0.00 10.00 76.67 28.89
4 Soil organic matter enhancement 46.67 46.67 16.67 36.67
5
Drought resistant crops
13.33 43.33 20.00 25.56
6 Mixed farming system 93.33 76.67 43.33 71.11
B. Socio-economic factors
7 Reduced consumption expenditure 60.00 50.00 0.00 36.67
8 Shifting to other profession 80.00 50.00 20.00 50.00
9 Borrowing 86.67 50.00 10.00 48.89
10 Crop insurance 6.67 16.67 10.00 11.11
11 Selling of land and livestock 26.67 6.67 3.33 12.22
12 No response 6.67 23.33 23.33 17.78
Karnataka
n=250
Asha et al. (2012)

90. 90
Adapted measures Yes (%) No (%) Don’t know (%)
1 Intercropping 92 08 00
2 Rain water harvesting 29 70 01
3 Mulching 95 05 00
4 Zero tillage 00 12 88
5 Improved varieties 52 40 08
6 ITK knowledge to control
disease, insects and pests
95 05 00
7 Use of insurance 00 25 75
8 Agroforestry 69 29 02
9 Crop rotation 37 52 11
Table 2 : coping and adaptive strategies adopted by them to combat impact
of climate change
Shukla et al. (2015)Sikkim
n= 300

91. Table 8: Impact of Agro Advisory Service in terms of their adoption of
recommended practices
Sr
No.
Adoption
level
Before After %
Change
Frequency Percentage Frequency Percentage
1 Low
(0 – 8)
263 34 70 9 -25
2 Medium
(9 - 16)
364 47 473 61 14
3 High
(17 - 24)
147 19 232 30 11
Total 775 100 775 100
Raipur Sushil et. al (2015)
n=775

92. CASE STUDY

93. 93
 Organization(s) Involved:
• Centre for Development Informatics (CDI)
• International Development Research Centre (IDRC)
• University of Manchester, UK
• Timeframe 2007 – 2011
 Location/Region:
• Adi tribal community, Siang river valley and foothills of the Eastern Himalayas, Arunachal Pradesh
State, North-East India
 Condition:
• Smallholders and practice slash-and-burn cultivation for subsistence, and production is low.
• 40 % of the population live below the poverty line.
• The environmental conditions are hard: mountainous terrain, regular natural catastrophes and
irregular rainfall during the wet season.
 Primary Objective:
• To provide better information about climate-smart agriculture in order to raise awareness and
adoption of practices that are sustainable.
• The aim of such practices is to increase productivity, resilience, mitigate greenhouse gas emissions
and enhance food security and development.
 Expected Results:
• The adoption of climate-smart agricultural practices by the beneficiaries is the main expected result.
eArik : Using ICTs to Facilitate "Climate Smart Agriculture" among Tribal Farmers of
North East India
(Saravanan, R. 2011. http://www.niccd.org)

95. 95
 Results To Date:
• 44 % of farmers implemented climate-smart practices on rice
• 92 % of farmers implemented climate-smart practices on mandarin
• 42 % of farmers reported increased production of rice
• 29 % of farmers reported increased production of mandarin
• 55 % of farmers moved from slash-and-burn to settled cultivation
• Increase of income
 Success Factors:
• It is estimated that the e-Arik approach is 3.6 times cheaper than a conventional
agricultural extension system and that farmers can access information 16 times faster.
• each farmer is saving – on average – Rs.2,400 (US$53) per year in fuel costs due to
journeys to the agricultural extension office that would previously have had to be made,
but which can now be foregone. (Saravanan 2008a).
 Critical success factors :
• Use of trusted local intermediaries between experts and farmers
• Appropriate use of a wide variety of ICTs
• Multi-stakeholder partnership
 Scale-Up Potential:
• A scale-up phase of the project is planned with further government funding.
• The goal is to replicate the project in the other seven north-east states of India.
• There, a greater emphasis will be on the use of mobile phones.

96. • Mrs. S. Meenakshi Ammal
• Allikundam NICRA Village of Kovilpatti Centre
• 8 acres of land under cotton cultivation.
• SVPR 2 variety was grown during Rabi 2014-15.
• series of AAS bulletins were issued which was followed as such by the
farmer.
Success story of a farm woman
Higher profit obtained by Mrs. Meenakshi Ammal is attributed to:
 She followed all the AAS issued and carried out all farm operations in time.
 She avoided insecticide spraying two times due to rainfall forecast.

97. Comparison of BC ratio analysis between Meenakshi Ammal AAS and
non-AAS farmers in rainfed cotton
Input details AAS Farmer Non-AAS Farmer
Field preparation cost (` ha-1) 1500 1500
Seed cost (` ha-1) 1900 1900
Seed treatment (` ha-1) 650 50
Fertilizer cost (` ha-1) 4850 7300
Labour cost (Weeding, Nipping, spraying
of fertilizers and pesticides) (` ha-1)
4750 4500
Cost of plant protection (` ha-1) 9500 14000
Harvesting (Transport and picking) 7500 5500
Cost of cultivation (` ha-1) 30650 34750
Kapas yield (q ha-1) 25.5 21.25
Price of cotton (` q-1) 2800 2800
Total income (` ha-1) 70,700 59,500
Net profit (` ha-1)
Benefit cost ratio 2.30 1.71

98. Supporting agricultural extension
towards CSA
• Agricultural Advisory System
• Agro meteorological- tools for CSA
• FFS
• ATMA
• KVKs

99. Innovative Extension Approaches
for CSA
• Digital Green’s model
• ‘Festival of Agriculture’
• ‘KRISHI MAHOTSAV’

100. Climate Smart Agriculture
Reducing or eliminating GHG emissions

101. Research Opportunity
• Evaluating new and existing climate-smart and gender
sensitive agricultural options
• Understanding the barriers to adoption of different
climate-smart agricultural practices
• Building evidence of the benefits of climate-smart
agriculture
• Identification of socio-economic and institutional
barriers for adopting climate-smart portfolio

102. Research Funding
• International – FAO, ICRISAT, CCAF,S, IRRI, IFPRI, World
Bank etc.
• National – UGC, CISIR, MHRD, ICSSR, IARI, ICAR etc.
• State – TANSCHE, TEDA
• Regional – ICDP, DRDA
• NGOs – MSSRF, DHAN, CSE, CPRRF, OXFAM
• Corporate – RATAN TATA & Welcome Trust
• Publication – New India Publication

103. Upcoming Training Programme
• “Impacts of drought and high temperature effects on
agriculture in present scenario”-Narendra Deva
University of Agriculture and Technology , Faizabad.
Nov 1.
• Soil, air and water pollution and mitigation strategies,
Punjab Agricultural University (PAU), Ludhiana. Nov 2.
• Adoption of Suitable Conventional and Biotechnological
Approaches for Biotic and Abiotic Stress Management in
Crops. G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and
Technology (GBPUAT), Pantnagar. Feb 13.

104. Upcoming Seminar

106. International

107. Conclusion
 Developing countries must undergo a significant
transformation in order to meet the related
challenges of food security and climate change.
 Effective climate-smart practices already exist and
could be implemented in developing country
agricultural systems.
 Adopting an ecosystem approach, working at
landscape scale and ensuring intersectional
coordination and cooperation is crucial for
effective climate change responses.
Conclusions

108. Cont…..
Considerable investment is required-
(knowledge gap, research and
development of technologies).
Institutional and financial support
Strengthened institutional capacity

109. Cont…..
 Available financing, current and projected, are
substantially insufficient to meet climate change .
 Synergistically combining financing from public and
private sources
 Extension functionaries were having medium level
awareness about impact of climate change on
agriculture. They used electronic media, training and
conferences and seminars as major sources of
information for climate change. They needs training on
climate smart agriculture aspects.

110. Thank u