Soumettre la recherche
Mettre en ligne
Group behaviour 5
•
Télécharger en tant que PPT, PDF
•
1 j'aime
•
4,005 vues
Uma Rungta
Suivre
Technologie
Formation
Signaler
Partager
Signaler
Partager
1 sur 33
Télécharger maintenant
Recommandé
Organizational Behavior-Foundations of Group Behavior
Organizational Behavior-Foundations of Group Behavior
Chhavi Sharma
FOUNDATION OF GROUP BEHAVIOR AND UNDERSTANDING WORK TEAM
FOUNDATION OF GROUP BEHAVIOR AND UNDERSTANDING WORK TEAM
NISHA SHAH
Foundations of group behavior
Foundations of group behavior
university of education
Ob i - foundations of group behavior-workteams-organizational stress
Ob i - foundations of group behavior-workteams-organizational stress
Shivkumar Menon
Group behaviour
Group behaviour
Shahzad Musawwir
Group behaviour.
Group behaviour.
David Jaison
Foundations of group behavior
Foundations of group behavior
SALTO Youth
Group Behavior (OB)
Group Behavior (OB)
Florence Kedaya
Recommandé
Organizational Behavior-Foundations of Group Behavior
Organizational Behavior-Foundations of Group Behavior
Chhavi Sharma
FOUNDATION OF GROUP BEHAVIOR AND UNDERSTANDING WORK TEAM
FOUNDATION OF GROUP BEHAVIOR AND UNDERSTANDING WORK TEAM
NISHA SHAH
Foundations of group behavior
Foundations of group behavior
university of education
Ob i - foundations of group behavior-workteams-organizational stress
Ob i - foundations of group behavior-workteams-organizational stress
Shivkumar Menon
Group behaviour
Group behaviour
Shahzad Musawwir
Group behaviour.
Group behaviour.
David Jaison
Foundations of group behavior
Foundations of group behavior
SALTO Youth
Group Behavior (OB)
Group Behavior (OB)
Florence Kedaya
Group Behavior
Group Behavior
Sahil Mahajan
Group behavior by Rahul Das- EIILM,KOLKATA
Group behavior by Rahul Das- EIILM,KOLKATA
Rahul Das
Group Behaviour
Group Behaviour
Dr. Abzal Basha H S
O.b. c 9 foundations of group behaviour
O.b. c 9 foundations of group behaviour
Dr.Rajesh Kamath
Introduction to Group behavior
Introduction to Group behavior
Ekkirala Vikramaditya
Group behaviour 1 By- Prof. Sanddep M. Jadhav
Group behaviour 1 By- Prof. Sanddep M. Jadhav
Sandep Jadhav
Foundations of group behaviour
Foundations of group behaviour
Danish Shoukat
Group behaviour
Group behaviour
Shriya Mithbavkar
Foundations Of Group Behavior | Types Of Groups | Roles in Groups |
Foundations Of Group Behavior | Types Of Groups | Roles in Groups |
FaHaD .H. NooR
Group behaviour
Group behaviour
AKSHAYA0000
Organizational Behavior Chapter 7
Organizational Behavior Chapter 7
Nilam Kabra
Foundations of Group behaviour
Foundations of Group behaviour
Sundar B N
FOUNDATIONS OFTEAM DYNAMICS
FOUNDATIONS OFTEAM DYNAMICS
Christian Rodriguez
Group behaviour ppt
Group behaviour ppt
Lokesh Irabatti
Group behaviour
Group behaviour
VJTI Production
Group behaviour ppt
Group behaviour ppt
Lokesh Irabatti
Group behaviour
Group behaviour
Dharmik
HBO Handout Chapter 10 (Groups and Teams)
HBO Handout Chapter 10 (Groups and Teams)
Jhudiel Canillas
Group
Group
William Liu
Ob9 foundations of group behavior
Ob9 foundations of group behavior
haruno0205
(Mb asubjects.com)ob11 08st
(Mb asubjects.com)ob11 08st
International advisers
(Mb asubjects.com)ob11 08st
(Mb asubjects.com)ob11 08st
International advisers
Contenu connexe
Tendances
Group Behavior
Group Behavior
Sahil Mahajan
Group behavior by Rahul Das- EIILM,KOLKATA
Group behavior by Rahul Das- EIILM,KOLKATA
Rahul Das
Group Behaviour
Group Behaviour
Dr. Abzal Basha H S
O.b. c 9 foundations of group behaviour
O.b. c 9 foundations of group behaviour
Dr.Rajesh Kamath
Introduction to Group behavior
Introduction to Group behavior
Ekkirala Vikramaditya
Group behaviour 1 By- Prof. Sanddep M. Jadhav
Group behaviour 1 By- Prof. Sanddep M. Jadhav
Sandep Jadhav
Foundations of group behaviour
Foundations of group behaviour
Danish Shoukat
Group behaviour
Group behaviour
Shriya Mithbavkar
Foundations Of Group Behavior | Types Of Groups | Roles in Groups |
Foundations Of Group Behavior | Types Of Groups | Roles in Groups |
FaHaD .H. NooR
Group behaviour
Group behaviour
AKSHAYA0000
Organizational Behavior Chapter 7
Organizational Behavior Chapter 7
Nilam Kabra
Foundations of Group behaviour
Foundations of Group behaviour
Sundar B N
FOUNDATIONS OFTEAM DYNAMICS
FOUNDATIONS OFTEAM DYNAMICS
Christian Rodriguez
Group behaviour ppt
Group behaviour ppt
Lokesh Irabatti
Group behaviour
Group behaviour
VJTI Production
Group behaviour ppt
Group behaviour ppt
Lokesh Irabatti
Group behaviour
Group behaviour
Dharmik
HBO Handout Chapter 10 (Groups and Teams)
HBO Handout Chapter 10 (Groups and Teams)
Jhudiel Canillas
Group
Group
William Liu
Ob9 foundations of group behavior
Ob9 foundations of group behavior
haruno0205
Tendances
(20)
Group Behavior
Group Behavior
Group behavior by Rahul Das- EIILM,KOLKATA
Group behavior by Rahul Das- EIILM,KOLKATA
Group Behaviour
Group Behaviour
O.b. c 9 foundations of group behaviour
O.b. c 9 foundations of group behaviour
Introduction to Group behavior
Introduction to Group behavior
Group behaviour 1 By- Prof. Sanddep M. Jadhav
Group behaviour 1 By- Prof. Sanddep M. Jadhav
Foundations of group behaviour
Foundations of group behaviour
Group behaviour
Group behaviour
Foundations Of Group Behavior | Types Of Groups | Roles in Groups |
Foundations Of Group Behavior | Types Of Groups | Roles in Groups |
Group behaviour
Group behaviour
Organizational Behavior Chapter 7
Organizational Behavior Chapter 7
Foundations of Group behaviour
Foundations of Group behaviour
FOUNDATIONS OFTEAM DYNAMICS
FOUNDATIONS OFTEAM DYNAMICS
Group behaviour ppt
Group behaviour ppt
Group behaviour
Group behaviour
Group behaviour ppt
Group behaviour ppt
Group behaviour
Group behaviour
HBO Handout Chapter 10 (Groups and Teams)
HBO Handout Chapter 10 (Groups and Teams)
Group
Group
Ob9 foundations of group behavior
Ob9 foundations of group behavior
Similaire à Group behaviour 5
(Mb asubjects.com)ob11 08st
(Mb asubjects.com)ob11 08st
International advisers
(Mb asubjects.com)ob11 08st
(Mb asubjects.com)ob11 08st
International advisers
Chapter 8_ Foundations of Group Behavior.ppt
Chapter 8_ Foundations of Group Behavior.ppt
MadihaBaloch7
Session 7 group dynamics
Session 7 group dynamics
Delwin Arikatt
Chapter 8-groups1
Chapter 8-groups1
Ahsan Ali
Chapter 8-groups1
Chapter 8-groups1
Ahsan Ali
Ob12 09st
Ob12 09st
Jal Pari
Ob11 08st
Ob11 08st
Knowlittle Matharu
Management ch15
Management ch15
julianmillar
Robbins9 ppt15 teams
Robbins9 ppt15 teams
Charles Vincent Perfecto
ch6-foundations-of-group-behavior.ppt
ch6-foundations-of-group-behavior.ppt
ShahzaibChang1
Management ch15 (2)
Management ch15 (2)
Fida Karim 🇵🇰
Management ch15
Management ch15
Fida Karim 🇵🇰
Orgniziational behaviour
Orgniziational behaviour
Babasab Patil
Understanding Groups and Teams
Understanding Groups and Teams
Abdul Wahab Raza
Ch9
Ch9
Beacon House
Robbins9 ppt15
Robbins9 ppt15
umar0007
OB Ch 01.ppt
OB Ch 01.ppt
SmnRaja2
Organizational Change and Stress Management
Organizational Change and Stress Management
university of education
(Mb asubjects.com)ob11 18st
(Mb asubjects.com)ob11 18st
International advisers
Similaire à Group behaviour 5
(20)
(Mb asubjects.com)ob11 08st
(Mb asubjects.com)ob11 08st
(Mb asubjects.com)ob11 08st
(Mb asubjects.com)ob11 08st
Chapter 8_ Foundations of Group Behavior.ppt
Chapter 8_ Foundations of Group Behavior.ppt
Session 7 group dynamics
Session 7 group dynamics
Chapter 8-groups1
Chapter 8-groups1
Chapter 8-groups1
Chapter 8-groups1
Ob12 09st
Ob12 09st
Ob11 08st
Ob11 08st
Management ch15
Management ch15
Robbins9 ppt15 teams
Robbins9 ppt15 teams
ch6-foundations-of-group-behavior.ppt
ch6-foundations-of-group-behavior.ppt
Management ch15 (2)
Management ch15 (2)
Management ch15
Management ch15
Orgniziational behaviour
Orgniziational behaviour
Understanding Groups and Teams
Understanding Groups and Teams
Ch9
Ch9
Robbins9 ppt15
Robbins9 ppt15
OB Ch 01.ppt
OB Ch 01.ppt
Organizational Change and Stress Management
Organizational Change and Stress Management
(Mb asubjects.com)ob11 18st
(Mb asubjects.com)ob11 18st
Plus de Uma Rungta
Values _ethics
Values _ethics
Uma Rungta
Trade theory modified
Trade theory modified
Uma Rungta
Mnc 1226082281842875-9
Mnc 1226082281842875-9
Uma Rungta
Aavin quality procedures
Aavin quality procedures
Uma Rungta
Tata
Tata
Uma Rungta
Reliance (2)
Reliance (2)
Uma Rungta
Pom
Pom
Uma Rungta
Issues about ethics in retailing
Issues about ethics in retailing
Uma Rungta
Ch09
Ch09
Uma Rungta
Crm 1
Crm 1
Uma Rungta
1 introduction
1 introduction
Uma Rungta
Trade theory modified
Trade theory modified
Uma Rungta
Mnc 1226082281842875-9
Mnc 1226082281842875-9
Uma Rungta
Values _ethics
Values _ethics
Uma Rungta
Pricing strategy
Pricing strategy
Uma Rungta
Npd
Npd
Uma Rungta
Indian railways
Indian railways
Uma Rungta
Chapter 7 competition and the market
Chapter 7 competition and the market
Uma Rungta
World bank in india
World bank in india
Uma Rungta
Chapter 7 competition and the market
Chapter 7 competition and the market
Uma Rungta
Plus de Uma Rungta
(20)
Values _ethics
Values _ethics
Trade theory modified
Trade theory modified
Mnc 1226082281842875-9
Mnc 1226082281842875-9
Aavin quality procedures
Aavin quality procedures
Tata
Tata
Reliance (2)
Reliance (2)
Pom
Pom
Issues about ethics in retailing
Issues about ethics in retailing
Ch09
Ch09
Crm 1
Crm 1
1 introduction
1 introduction
Trade theory modified
Trade theory modified
Mnc 1226082281842875-9
Mnc 1226082281842875-9
Values _ethics
Values _ethics
Pricing strategy
Pricing strategy
Npd
Npd
Indian railways
Indian railways
Chapter 7 competition and the market
Chapter 7 competition and the market
World bank in india
World bank in india
Chapter 7 competition and the market
Chapter 7 competition and the market
Dernier
IAC 2024 - IA Fast Track to Search Focused AI Solutions
IAC 2024 - IA Fast Track to Search Focused AI Solutions
Enterprise Knowledge
CNv6 Instructor Chapter 6 Quality of Service
CNv6 Instructor Chapter 6 Quality of Service
giselly40
Unblocking The Main Thread Solving ANRs and Frozen Frames
Unblocking The Main Thread Solving ANRs and Frozen Frames
Sinan KOZAK
Histor y of HAM Radio presentation slide
Histor y of HAM Radio presentation slide
vu2urc
Data Cloud, More than a CDP by Matt Robison
Data Cloud, More than a CDP by Matt Robison
Anna Loughnan Colquhoun
The Role of Taxonomy and Ontology in Semantic Layers - Heather Hedden.pdf
The Role of Taxonomy and Ontology in Semantic Layers - Heather Hedden.pdf
Enterprise Knowledge
A Call to Action for Generative AI in 2024
A Call to Action for Generative AI in 2024
Results
08448380779 Call Girls In Diplomatic Enclave Women Seeking Men
08448380779 Call Girls In Diplomatic Enclave Women Seeking Men
Delhi Call girls
Presentation on how to chat with PDF using ChatGPT code interpreter
Presentation on how to chat with PDF using ChatGPT code interpreter
naman860154
How to Troubleshoot Apps for the Modern Connected Worker
How to Troubleshoot Apps for the Modern Connected Worker
ThousandEyes
WhatsApp 9892124323 ✓Call Girls In Kalyan ( Mumbai ) secure service
WhatsApp 9892124323 ✓Call Girls In Kalyan ( Mumbai ) secure service
Pooja Nehwal
Boost PC performance: How more available memory can improve productivity
Boost PC performance: How more available memory can improve productivity
Principled Technologies
08448380779 Call Girls In Civil Lines Women Seeking Men
08448380779 Call Girls In Civil Lines Women Seeking Men
Delhi Call girls
🐬 The future of MySQL is Postgres 🐘
🐬 The future of MySQL is Postgres 🐘
RTylerCroy
Partners Life - Insurer Innovation Award 2024
Partners Life - Insurer Innovation Award 2024
The Digital Insurer
Automating Google Workspace (GWS) & more with Apps Script
Automating Google Workspace (GWS) & more with Apps Script
wesley chun
The Codex of Business Writing Software for Real-World Solutions 2.pptx
The Codex of Business Writing Software for Real-World Solutions 2.pptx
Malak Abu Hammad
04-2024-HHUG-Sales-and-Marketing-Alignment.pptx
04-2024-HHUG-Sales-and-Marketing-Alignment.pptx
HampshireHUG
TrustArc Webinar - Stay Ahead of US State Data Privacy Law Developments
TrustArc Webinar - Stay Ahead of US State Data Privacy Law Developments
TrustArc
GenCyber Cyber Security Day Presentation
GenCyber Cyber Security Day Presentation
Michael W. Hawkins
Dernier
(20)
IAC 2024 - IA Fast Track to Search Focused AI Solutions
IAC 2024 - IA Fast Track to Search Focused AI Solutions
CNv6 Instructor Chapter 6 Quality of Service
CNv6 Instructor Chapter 6 Quality of Service
Unblocking The Main Thread Solving ANRs and Frozen Frames
Unblocking The Main Thread Solving ANRs and Frozen Frames
Histor y of HAM Radio presentation slide
Histor y of HAM Radio presentation slide
Data Cloud, More than a CDP by Matt Robison
Data Cloud, More than a CDP by Matt Robison
The Role of Taxonomy and Ontology in Semantic Layers - Heather Hedden.pdf
The Role of Taxonomy and Ontology in Semantic Layers - Heather Hedden.pdf
A Call to Action for Generative AI in 2024
A Call to Action for Generative AI in 2024
08448380779 Call Girls In Diplomatic Enclave Women Seeking Men
08448380779 Call Girls In Diplomatic Enclave Women Seeking Men
Presentation on how to chat with PDF using ChatGPT code interpreter
Presentation on how to chat with PDF using ChatGPT code interpreter
How to Troubleshoot Apps for the Modern Connected Worker
How to Troubleshoot Apps for the Modern Connected Worker
WhatsApp 9892124323 ✓Call Girls In Kalyan ( Mumbai ) secure service
WhatsApp 9892124323 ✓Call Girls In Kalyan ( Mumbai ) secure service
Boost PC performance: How more available memory can improve productivity
Boost PC performance: How more available memory can improve productivity
08448380779 Call Girls In Civil Lines Women Seeking Men
08448380779 Call Girls In Civil Lines Women Seeking Men
🐬 The future of MySQL is Postgres 🐘
🐬 The future of MySQL is Postgres 🐘
Partners Life - Insurer Innovation Award 2024
Partners Life - Insurer Innovation Award 2024
Automating Google Workspace (GWS) & more with Apps Script
Automating Google Workspace (GWS) & more with Apps Script
The Codex of Business Writing Software for Real-World Solutions 2.pptx
The Codex of Business Writing Software for Real-World Solutions 2.pptx
04-2024-HHUG-Sales-and-Marketing-Alignment.pptx
04-2024-HHUG-Sales-and-Marketing-Alignment.pptx
TrustArc Webinar - Stay Ahead of US State Data Privacy Law Developments
TrustArc Webinar - Stay Ahead of US State Data Privacy Law Developments
GenCyber Cyber Security Day Presentation
GenCyber Cyber Security Day Presentation
Group behaviour 5
1.
o r g
a n i z a t i o n a l b e h a v i o r stephen p. robbins e l e v e n t h e d i t i o n
2.
ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIORORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR S
T E P H E N P. R O B B I N SS T E P H E N P. R O B B I N S E L E V E N T H E D I T I O NE L E V E N T H E D I T I O N W W W . P R E N H A L L . C O M / R O B B I N SW W W . P R E N H A L L . C O M / R O B B I N S© 2005 Prentice Hall Inc. All rights reserved. PowerPoint Presentation by Charlie Cook Chapter 8 Foundations of Group Behavior
3.
© 2005 Prentice
Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 8–3 After studying this chapter, you should be able to: 1. Differentiate between formal and informal groups. 2. Compare two models of group development. 3. Explain how role requirements change in different situations. 4. Describe how norms exert influence on an individual’s behavior. 5. Explain what determines status 6. Define social loafing and its effect on group performance. LEARNINGOBJECTIVES
4.
© 2005 Prentice
Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 8–4 After studying this chapter, you should be able to: 7. Identify the benefits and disadvantages of cohesive groups. 8. List the strengths and weaknesses of group decision making. 9. Contrast the effectiveness of interacting, brainstorming, nominal and electronic meeting groups. LEARNINGOBJECTIVES(cont’d)
5.
© 2005 Prentice
Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 8–5 Defining and Classifying GroupsDefining and Classifying Groups Group(s) Two or more individuals interacting and interdependent, who have come together to achieve particular objectives. Formal Group A designated work group defined by the organization’s structure. Informal Group A group that is neither formally structured now organizationally determined; appears in response to the need for social contact.
6.
© 2005 Prentice
Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 8–6 Defining and Classifying Groups (cont’d)Defining and Classifying Groups (cont’d) Command Group A group composed of the individuals who report directly to a given manager. Task Group Those working together to complete a job or task. Interest Group Those working together to attain a specific objective with which each is concerned. Friendship Group Those brought together because they share one or more common characteristics.
7.
© 2005 Prentice
Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 8–7 Why People Join GroupsWhy People Join Groups • Security • Status • Self-esteem • Affiliation • Power • Goal Achievement E X H I B I T 8–1 E X H I B I T 8–1
8.
© 2005 Prentice
Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 8–8 The Five-Stage Model of Group DevelopmentThe Five-Stage Model of Group Development Forming Stage The first stage in group development, characterized by much uncertainty. Storming Stage The second stage in group development, characterized by intragroup conflict. Norming Stage The third stage in group development, characterized by close relationships and cohesiveness.
9.
© 2005 Prentice
Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 8–9 …Group Development (cont’d)…Group Development (cont’d) Performing Stage The fourth stage in group development, when the group is fully functional. Adjourning Stage The final stage in group development for temporary groups, characterized by concern with wrapping up activities rather than performance.
10.
© 2005 Prentice
Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 8– 10 Stages of Group DevelopmentStages of Group Development E X H I B I T 8–2 E X H I B I T 8–2
11.
© 2005 Prentice
Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 8– 11 An Alternative Model: Temporary Groups with Deadlines An Alternative Model: Temporary Groups with Deadlines Sequence of actions: 1. Setting group direction 2. First phase of inertia 3. Half-way point transition 4. Major changes 5. Second phase of inertia 6. Accelerated activity Sequence of actions: 1. Setting group direction 2. First phase of inertia 3. Half-way point transition 4. Major changes 5. Second phase of inertia 6. Accelerated activity Punctuated- Equilibrium Model Temporary groups go through transitions between inertia and activity.
12.
© 2005 Prentice
Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 8– 12 The Punctuated-Equilibrium ModelThe Punctuated-Equilibrium Model E X H I B I T 8–3 E X H I B I T 8–3
13.
© 2005 Prentice
Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 8– 13 Group Structure - Roles (cont’d)Group Structure - Roles (cont’d) Role(s) A set of expected behavior patterns attributed to someone occupying a given position in a social unit. Role Identity Certain attitudes and behaviors consistent with a role. Role Perception An individual’s view of how he or she is supposed to act in a given situation.
14.
© 2005 Prentice
Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 8– 14 Group Structure - Roles (cont’d)Group Structure - Roles (cont’d) Role Expectations How others believe a person should act in a given situation. Role Conflict A situation in which an individual is confronted by divergent role expectations. Psychological Contract An unwritten agreement that sets out what management expects from the employee and vice versa.
15.
© 2005 Prentice
Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 8– 15 Group Structure - NormsGroup Structure - Norms Classes of Norms: • Performance norms • Appearance norms • Social arrangement norms • Allocation of resources norms Classes of Norms: • Performance norms • Appearance norms • Social arrangement norms • Allocation of resources norms Norms Acceptable standards of behavior within a group that are shared by the group’s members.
16.
© 2005 Prentice
Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 8– 16 The Hawthorne StudiesThe Hawthorne Studies A series of studies undertaken by Elton Mayo at Western Electric Company’s Hawthorne Works in Chicago between 1924 and 1932. Research Conclusions: – Worker behavior and sentiments were closely related. – Group influences (norms) were significant in affecting individual behavior. – Group standards (norms) were highly effective in establishing individual worker output. – Money was less a factor in determining worker output than were group standards, sentiments, and security.
17.
© 2005 Prentice
Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 8– 17 Group Structure - Norms (cont’d)Group Structure - Norms (cont’d) Conformity Adjusting one’s behavior to align with the norms of the group. Reference Groups Important groups to which individuals belong or hope to belong and with whose norms individuals are likely to conform.
18.
© 2005 Prentice
Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 8– 18 Examples of Cards Used in Asch’s StudyExamples of Cards Used in Asch’s Study E X H I B I T 8–4 E X H I B I T 8–4
19.
© 2005 Prentice
Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 8– 19 Group Structure - Norms (cont’d)Group Structure - Norms (cont’d) Deviant Workplace Behavior Antisocial actions by organizational members that intentionally violate established norms and result in negative consequences for the organization, its members, or both.
20.
© 2005 Prentice
Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 8– 20 Typology of Deviant Workplace BehaviorTypology of Deviant Workplace Behavior E X H I B I T 8–5 E X H I B I T 8–5 Category Examples Production Leaving early Intentionally working slowly Wasting resources Property Sabotage Lying about hours worked Stealing from the organization Political Showing favoritism Gossiping and spreading rumors Blaming coworkers Personal Aggression Sexual harassment Verbal abuse Stealing from coworkers Source: Adapted from S.L. Robinson, and R.J. Bennett. “A Typology of Deviant Workplace Behaviors: A Multidimensional Scaling Study,” Academy of Management Journal, April 1995, p. 565.
21.
© 2005 Prentice
Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 8– 21 Group Structure - StatusGroup Structure - Status Group NormsGroup NormsGroup NormsGroup Norms Status EquityStatus EquityStatus EquityStatus Equity CultureCultureCultureCulture Group MemberGroup Member StatusStatus Group MemberGroup Member StatusStatus Status A socially defined position or rank given to groups or group members by others.
22.
© 2005 Prentice
Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 8– 22 Group Structure - SizeGroup Structure - Size Group Size Performance Expected Actual (due to loafing) Other conclusions: • Odd number groups do better than even. • Groups of 7 or 9 perform better overall than larger or smaller groups. Other conclusions: • Odd number groups do better than even. • Groups of 7 or 9 perform better overall than larger or smaller groups. Social Loafing The tendency for individuals to expend less effort when working collectively than when working individually.
23.
© 2005 Prentice
Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 8– 23 Group Structure - CompositionGroup Structure - Composition Group Demography The degree to which members of a group share a common demographic attribute, such as age, sex, race, educational level, or length of service in the organization, and the impact of this attribute on turnover. Cohorts Individuals who, as part of a group, hold a common attribute.
24.
© 2005 Prentice
Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 8– 24 Group Structure - CohesivenessGroup Structure - Cohesiveness Increasing group cohesiveness: 1. Make the group smaller. 2. Encourage agreement with group goals. 3. Increase time members spend together. 4. Increase group status and admission difficultly. 5. Stimulate competition with other groups. 6. Give rewards to the group, not individuals. 7. Physically isolate the group. Increasing group cohesiveness: 1. Make the group smaller. 2. Encourage agreement with group goals. 3. Increase time members spend together. 4. Increase group status and admission difficultly. 5. Stimulate competition with other groups. 6. Give rewards to the group, not individuals. 7. Physically isolate the group. Cohesiveness Degree to which group members are attracted to each other and are motivated to stay in the group.
25.
© 2005 Prentice
Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 8– 25 Relationship Between Group Cohesiveness, Performance Norms, and Productivity Relationship Between Group Cohesiveness, Performance Norms, and Productivity E X H I B I T 8–6 E X H I B I T 8–6
26.
© 2005 Prentice
Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 8– 26 E X H I B I T 8–7 E X H I B I T 8–7S. Adams, Build a Better Life by Stealing Office Supplies (Kansas City MO: Andrews & McMeal, 1991), p. 31. Dilbert reprinted with permission of United Features Syndicate, Inc.
27.
© 2005 Prentice
Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 8– 27 Group TasksGroup Tasks Decision-making – Large groups facilitate the pooling of information about complex tasks. – Smaller groups are better suited to coordinating and facilitating the implementation of complex tasks. – Simple, routine standardized tasks reduce the requirement that group processes be effective in order for the group to perform well.
28.
© 2005 Prentice
Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 8– 28 Group Decision MakingGroup Decision Making Strengths – More complete information – Increased diversity of views – Higher quality of decisions (more accuracy) – Increased acceptance of solutions Weaknesses – More time consuming (slower) – Increased pressure to conform – Domination by one or a few members – Ambiguous responsibility
29.
© 2005 Prentice
Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 8– 29 Group Decision Making (cont’d)Group Decision Making (cont’d) Groupthink Phenomenon in which the norm for consensus overrides the realistic appraisal of alternative course of action. Groupshift A change in decision risk between the group’s decision and the individual decision that member within the group would make; can be either toward conservatism or greater risk.
30.
© 2005 Prentice
Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 8– 30 Symptoms Of The Groupthink PhenomenonSymptoms Of The Groupthink Phenomenon Group members rationalize any resistance to the assumptions they have made. Members apply direct pressures on those who express doubts about shared views or who question the alternative favored by the majority. Members who have doubts or differing points of view keep silent about misgivings. There appears to be an illusion of unanimity.
31.
© 2005 Prentice
Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 8– 31 Group Decision-Making TechniquesGroup Decision-Making Techniques Interacting Groups Typical groups, in which the members interact with each other face-to-face. Nominal Group Technique A group decision-making method in which individual members meet face-to-face to pool their judgments in a systematic but independent fashion.
32.
© 2005 Prentice
Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 8– 32 Group Decision-Making TechniquesGroup Decision-Making Techniques Electronic Meeting A meeting in which members interact on computers, allowing for anonymity of comments and aggregation of votes. Brainstorming An idea-generation process that specifically encourages any and all alternatives, while withholding any criticism of those alternatives.
33.
© 2005 Prentice
Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 8– 33 Evaluating Group EffectivenessEvaluating Group Effectiveness E X H I B I T 8–8 E X H I B I T 8–8 TYPE OF GROUP Effectiveness Criteria Interacting Brainstorming Nominal Electronic Number and quality of ideas Low Moderate High High Social pressure High Low Moderate Low Money costs Low Low Low High Speed Moderate Moderate Moderate Moderate Task orientation Low High High High Potential for interpersonal conflict High Low Moderate Low Commitment to solution High Not applicable Moderate Moderate Development of High High Moderate Low group cohesiveness
Télécharger maintenant