An information system monitoring the situation of women and children in CEECIS. TransMONEE provides trends against common and comparible benchmarks across the following 28 countries since 1989. Annual updates can be seen at this dedicated web-based database www.transmonee.org and its user-friendly version www.moneeinfo.org.

1. TRANSMONEE-2012 DATABASE
Key trends on children in Central and Eastern Europe and Central Asia in graphs
Prepared by the UNICEF Regional Office for CEECIS

2. SHRINKING CHILD POPULATION:
Opportunity for improved services for children?
Child Dependency Ratio
Ratio of population aged 0-14 to population aged 15-59, per cent
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011
Source: TransMonEE 2012 Database, UNICEF Regional Office for CEECIS.

3. SOME COUNTRIES ARE STILL LAGGING BEHIND THE ‘NORM’
FOR PRE-PRIMARY EDUCATION IN RELATION TO GDP
Pre-primary enrolment rate in relation to GDP, 2010/11
100
Bel R² = 0.483
90
Hun Slo
Lat Est
80
Mol Rom Rus Cze
Ukr Bul
Pre-primary enrolment rate
Lit
70 Pol Svk
Cro
60
Ser
Alb Kaz
50
Geo Mon
40
Need to pay increased attention to pre-
Arm primary coverage with a focus on
30 TFYROM disparities.
Uzb Tuk Aze
20
Kyr
BiH
10
Taj
0
0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000
GDP per capita, PPP
Source: TransMONEE 2012 Database, UNICEF Regional Office for CEECIS.
a. For Tajikistan, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kazakhstan, Albania, Slovakia, Bulgaria, Romania, Croatia and Russian Federation enrolment data are for 3-5 years old
b. For Albania and Slovakia the enrolment data are for 2009/10, while for Georgia, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan the data are for 2006/07.

4. THE NUMBER OF CHILDREN LEFT WITHOUT PARENTAL CARE HAS CONTINUED
TO DECREASE IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION, UKRAINE AND TAJIKISTAN
Children left without parental care during the year
500 40,000 fewer children
were left without
450 parental care in the
rate per 100,000 children aged 0-17
Russian Federation in
400 2010 when compared to
five years ago.
350 However, still 150,000
children were left
300 without parental care in
2010 in CEECIS countries (
250 based on data for 17
countries).
200
150
Moreover, in some
100 countries such as
Tajikistan, this decrease
50 was accompanied by an
increase in the number of
0 children in infant homes
suggesting that younger
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
children have become
Belarus Russian Federation Ukraine particularly vulnerable.
Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan
Source: TransMONEE 2012 Database, UNICEF Regional Office for CEECIS.

5. CHILDREN ARE LEFT WITHOUT PARENTAL CARE FOR
DIFFERENT REASONS THAT GO BEYOND ORPHANHOOD
Children left without parental care by causes, 2010
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
BiH Kazakhstan Moldova Hungary FYROM Belarus Serbia
Other causes
Parents temporary unable to care for the child reasons why children are left without
Abandonment or Relinquishment by the parents
Deprivation of parental rights parental care can vary greatly from
Orphan children one country to another...
Source: TransMONEE 2012 Database, UNICEF Regional Office for CEECIS.

6. THE TOTAL NUMBER OF CHILDREN PLACED IN ALL FORMS
OF CARE HAS STABILISED
Children in residential care and in the care of foster parents or guardians in 19
countries of CEECIS
2500
rate per 100,000 children aged 0-17
2000
but the gap between use of family
type care and residential care has
remained stable as well
1500
1000
Residential care Foster or guardian care Total in formal care
500
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Source: TransMONEE 2012 Database, UNICEF Regional Office for CEECIS.
a. Children in residential care include children in infant homes, in orphanages, in boarding homes and schools for children without parental care or poor
children, disabled children in boarding schools and homes, family-type homes, SOS villages, etc. Children in punitive institutions are normally excluded.
Definitions may differ among countries.
b. Foster parents are obliged to take care of the child personally. Guardian has the same rights as foster parents, but he is obliged to take care of the child
personally and to replace fully the care of parents.

7. MORE CHILDREN IN FAMILY BASED CARE THAN
BEFORE, BUT INSTITUTIONALISATION CONTINUES TO BE
WIDESPREAD
Rate of children aged 0-17 living in residential public care institutions or in
foster/guardian care in selected countries, 1989, 2000, 2005 and 2010
3000
Foster/guardian care
per 100,000 population aged 0-17
2500 Residential care
2000
1500
1000
500
0
2005
2010
2000
2005
1989
2000
2005
2010
1990
2000
1992
2000
2005
2010
1989
2000
2005
2010
1989
2000
2005
2010
1989
2000
2005
2010
1989
2010
1990
2000
2005
Czech Republic Lithuania Romania Belarus Russia Ukraine Azerbaijan Kyrgyzstan
Source: TransMONEE 2012 Database, UNICEF Regional Office for CEECIS.
Notes on residential care
a. Czech Republic: data on residential care include establishments of institutional and protective education, where are placed children aged 0-14, after hearing a lawsuit.
b. Lithuania: data on residential care include boarding special schools and 18 years and older residing in child care institutions.
c. Romania: data on child care institutions include children 18 years and older residing in institutions.
d. Data on residential care include children living in boarding schools in Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, Kyrgyzstan and Azerbaijan.
Notes on foster/guardian care
e. Romania: data on foster care refer to children cared by maternal assistants. Due to changes in the system, data since 2000 are not comparable with those reffering to the earlier period.
f. Data for year 1989 for Belarus, Russia, Ukraine, Azerbaijan refer to guardian care only.
g. Kyrgyzstan: data refer to guardian care only (guardians usually are grandparents or close relatives (about 80%).

8. CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES ARE USUALLY THE LAST GROUP OF CHILDREN
TO BE CONSIDERED FOR ALTERNATIVE CARE
Children with and without disabilities in residential care, 2010
90,000
80,000 In some countries, children with disabilities represent a
large proportion of all children in residential care. Only
70,000 in the Russian Federation, about 140,000 children with
disabilities (almost every second child) live in
60,000 residential care.
Number of children
50,000
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
Number of other children Number of children with disabilities
Source: TransMONEE 2012 Database, UNICEF Regional Office for CEECIS.
Data for Albania is for 2009

9. WHERE APPROPRIATE POLICIES ARE UNDERTAKEN, CHILDREN
UNDER THREE CAN BE PREVENTED FROM GETTING INTO INFANT
HOMES
Children in infant homes and child population 0-3 in 16 countries, 2001-2010
41000 15500000
400
Number of children in infant homes
39000 15000000 350 2001 2010
Number of children in infant homes
300
Number of child population 0-3
14500000
37000
250
14000000
35000 200
13500000 150
33000
13000000 100
31000 50
12500000
29000 0
12000000 BiH FYROM Tajikistan
27000 11500000
25000 11000000
2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 Fewer children in infant homes in the region than five
years ago (based on the data for 16 countries).
Children in infant homes However, in BiH, FYROM and Tajikistan, the number
Population number at the age 0-3 years of children in infant homes has still been on the rise.
Source: TransMONEE 2012 Database, UNICEF Regional Office for CEECIS.
Data for BiH refer to children at age 0-10 residing in public and non-public institutions.

10. YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT IS TWICE AS HIGH AS TOTAL
UNEMPLOYMENT
annual average per cent of labour force from the relevant age group
Annual unemployment rate in CEECIS countries in 2010 (based on LFS)
60
Total Among 15-24 year olds
50
40
30
20
10
0
Source: TransMONEE 2012 Database, UNICEF Regional Office for CEECIS.
a. Data for Tajikistan refer to 2009 and for Albania to 2008.

11. IN MOST COUNTRIES MORE YOUNG PEOPLE ARE
UNEMPLOYED SINCE THE START OF THE CRISIS
annual average per cent of labour force from the relevant age group
Annual unemployment rate among 15-24 years old in CEECIS countries in 2007-
70 2010 (based on LFS)
2007 2008 2009 2010
60
In 5 countries, youth unemployment
50 rate went above 30 percent over the
last 2 years.
40
30
20
10
0
Source: TransMONEE 2012 Database, UNICEF Regional Office for CEECIS.

12. HIGH SUICIDE RATES AMONG 15-19 YEAR OLD
ADOLOSCENTS
Suicide rate by sex among 15-19 year old, 2010
30
Male Female
death per 100,000 relevant population
25
20
15
10
5
0
Source: TransMONEE 2012 Database, UNICEF Regional Office for CEECIS.
Data for Poland and Montenegro are for 2009.

13. MORTALITY FROM EXTERNAL CAUSES REMAINS HIGH
IN SOME COUNTRIES
Mortality rate due to external causes among 15-19 year olds by
gender, average for 2008-2010
120
Males
100
External causes of mortality include Females
accidents, suicides, medical
misadventures or abnormal
80 reactions, homicide etc.
60
40
20
0
Source: TransMONEE 2012 Database, UNICEF Regional Office for CEECIS.
a. Data for Poland, Albania and Montenegro refer to average for 2007-2009.
b. Data for 2007-2009 are not available for Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan.

14. FOR CHILDREN IN CONFLICT WITH LAW, THE DURATION
OF IMPRISONMENT REMAINS LONG IN SOME COUNTRIES
Duration of juvenile imprisonment sentences in selected CEE/CIS
countries, average for 2008-2010
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
More than 5 years From 3 to 5 years From 1 to 3 years Up to 1 year
Source: TransMONEE 2012 Database, UNICEF Regional Office for CEECIS.

15. NON-MARITAL BIRTHS ARE INCREASING AND...
Proportion of non-marital births in selected CEE/CIS countries, 1989-2010
70
Czech Republic
Hungary
Poland
60
Slovakia
Slovenia
50 Estonia
Latvia
per cent of total live births
Lithuania
40 Bulgaria
Romania
Croatia
30 Montenegro
Serbia
TFYR Macedonia
20 Belarus
Moldova
Russian Federation
10 Ukraine
Armenia
Kazakhstan
0
Kyrgyzstan
1989 1992 1995 1998 2001 2004 2007 2010
Source: TransMONEE 2012 Database, UNICEF Regional Office for CEECIS.

16. IT IS PARTICULARLY DRAMATIC FOR ADOLESCENT MOTHERS
Non-marital births to mothers under age 20
100
per cent of live births to mothers under age 20
1990 2010
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Source: TransMONEE 2012 Database, UNICEF Regional Office for CEECIS.
a. Data for 1990 for Romania refer to 1993.

17. Russian Federation
Ukraine 57,214
ALARMING HIV TRENDS
Annual New HIV cases, 2004-2010 28,371
20,521
5,000 12,175
Especially, in the Russian
Federation and Ukraine.
2004 2010
4,000
Annual New HIV cases
3,000
Uzbekistan
2,000
Kazakhstan
Belarus
1,000
Kyrgyzstan
Moldova
0 Tajikistan
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Source: TransMONEE 2012 Database, UNICEF Regional Office for CEECIS.

18. TRANSMONEE CONTINUES TO
MONITOR THE SITUATION IN
CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE
AND COMMMONWEALTH OF
INDEPENDENT STATES.