A comprehensive guide to writing great research paper

VasukiSoni<vasukisoni@gmail.com>
Writing
Research Paper
An
Introduction
Encompassing the best practices
Vasuki Soni

What is a Research Paper ?
“Research Paper”
Is a well organized and equipped documentation of any experiment, case
study or proposal of a new idea; which evolves in tandem with thinking
and ideas …
Call it a research paper / article / journal / manuscript etc.
All of these published documents are you entry passes to
Digital Research Community

Why do we write Research Papers ?
To showcase a new experiment/ idea/
technology improvement or a case study.
One of the best ways of getting your ideas
recognized across the world in the community
of researchers/ scientists and engineers.
To share creative, vibrant and innovative ideas
to the community

Classification of Research Papers
There are some ways in which a scientific research papers can be classified:
1) Original Research
2) Case study
3) Technical notes
4) Review paper
5) Commentary
And many more …

Warm Up
Analyze your
plan well before
implementing it
Vasuki Soni

Preparing to write …
Quick Agenda:
• What should be publish?
• What shouldn’t be published?
• Warming up the research mindset
• Understand the taste of audience, before you cook.(????)
• Pre-requisites of Research paper writing

What should be published ?
Novel scientific ideas or experiments which add value to the
field or domain of work.
Ideas which trigger new thought process in the technology
trend.
Review or summaries of a subject or technology in
particular.
Case studies which help people appreciate the tech.

What shouldn’t be published ?
Duplicate ideas with minor/ no changes.
Article with lack of scientific inclination or interest
Outdated work with no relevance to existing time.
Invalid or Unverified data or research

Ideal Research Paper
• Great content
• Novel, innovative and depicts problem solving intention
• Attention seeking presentation.
• Logically constructed.
• Easy to understand and read.

Last Resort !
• Do necessary background study and literature survey
• Understand current state of the research
• Must avoid conflict of interest with existing publications
• Keep your thoughts organic.
• Brainstorm your idea for its relevance and value.
• Evaluate the idea from the perspective of a reader.
• Gather the scattered information and be prepared.

Formatting
An effort to standardize the
research paper
Vasuki Soni

Why is formatting important ?
• Research papers are assets in Digital Library. Formatting is one practice
which helps standardize way of writing a research paper / articles across
communities.
• Standardizations of paper writing helps reviewers papers better.
• Provides better organized information.
• Information can be placed in logical order.
• Easy on eyes (**Underrated, but very key requirements)

Which format to use ?
• Globally accepted form of technical writing follows IEEE Paper Template.
• IEEE Articles templates for various journal and publications.
• IEEE Author Manuscript formatting guideline.
• IEEE Citation/ reference guideline.
NOTE: Click on the highlighted text to follow URL.

What does Standard Format contain?
• Text font/ size for Title, Headlines, Paragraph etc.
• Guideline for Images, tables etc.
• Format of Citations.
• Page layout etc.

Glimpse of a Standard Paper Format

Language and
Diction
Watch what you write
Vasuki Soni

Language and Diction
• Communicate the information in short
• Ensure the write-up is free from Grammatical mistakes.
• Use punctuations marks wisely.
• Avoid spelling mistakes.
NOTE: Make use of spelling/ grammar check to ensure bug free write-up. Grammatical errors are silly
reasons, which can cost you paper rejection.

Scientific language and sentences
• Short sentences with single piece of
information, look more professional.
• Use of scientific jargons is preferred
(“Overuse of which is a problem”).
• Remember lengthy sentences are difficult/
confusing to the readers.
• Use abbreviations wherever possible, but
expand them in the “Keywords” section.
• Avoid verbose.

Goodies !
To ensure spelling and grammatical errors are taken care, use one of the
following tools:
• Microsoft Word Spell Check.
• Download other online grammar check tools.
NOTE: Refrain from using online tools by uploading your document there. This might lead to unnecessary
stealing of your confidential information and IP issues.

Typical
structure of
paper
General Consensus
Vasuki Soni

Title Abstract Keywords Literature
survey
Introductio
n
Proposals
& Methods
Merits /
Demerits
Results
(Simulated
or actual)
Discussion
/
Conclusion
Future
work
(Optional)
References
Structure of Research Article / Paper
A General Consensus

Title & Abstract
Conclusion Introduction
Proposal & Methods
Results &
Discussion
Merits / Demerits
DATA
Flow Charts / Line Diagrams / Images / Charts
Building the Paper – The Right Way

VasukiSoni<vasukisoni@gmail.com>VasukiSoni<vasukisoni@gmail.com>
Should have fewer word to aptly present intention of “Paper”
Prefer to use current nomenclature from domain of study
Should ideally be made up of 5 to 15 words
Title

Add Author / Co-author Names and email addresses
Feel free to add your organization name
Should ideally cover 1-4 lines max just below “Title”
Credits

Abstract
Advertisement for your research. Be creative
Accurate and Concrete summary of your work.
Should ideally be made up of 50 – 250 words
Tell What you did ? and What did you find ?
Avoid ambiguity and verbose
Abstract

Keywords
Words which bring out your paper in internet searches easily
Words specific to the domain of paper / manuscript
Generic and relatable to the paper
If paper is about a Object Detection in Image, keywords would be :
Image processing, Object detection, Machine learning, Driverless Car,
Computer Vision etc.
Keywords

Literature
Survey
Brief overview of existing forms of solution available and their relevant details
Cite specific studies and be concrete and concise
This section is written to give reader hint of necessary background to help
understand the research work better. (Not to confuse them)
Introduction

Introduction
Place to tell your reader that you know why the research work is relevant
Talk about existing solutions highlighting limitations and boundary
conditions
Talk about your motivation and plan to overcome issue or solve
Highlight the technologies being worked on and their capabilities and
drawbacks. Back these explanations with published literature or
trends.
Literature Survey

Proposal,
Methods &
Experiments
Indicate possible ways of implementing the solution which the paper
deals with
Elaborate methods with relevant data and repro steps, to help
readers understand your work
Given essentials details of the tools / equipment used in your
experiments
Be mindful, not to put out proprietary information without consent
or credits to the owner.
Keep this section purely technical.
Proposal / Methods / Experiments

Merits
&
Demerits
Talk about what does your research signify and focus on its impact to the target
user/ customer/ industries.
Focus on data and comparative analysis, in order to prove innovation in
your research.
Talk about limitations or unattended issues in your research, stating how
do you plan to overcome them.
Merits / Demerits

Results
Essence of the Paper.
Use an easy to digest story to paint a clear picture of your research output.
Advertise your key findings and how do they contrast with past
researches.
Use tabular data, Comparison graphs, and performance numbers to
state the importance of your work.
Figures and Tables speak more than words. Use them wisely.
Results

This is the place to market your idea and attract interest of readers
Do not summarize the research in this section. Abstract covers that
already.
Describe what you have shown, and what is its importance to the
domain or field of study
Do not feel excited to set BOLD expectations for the readers. Stick
well within the scope of your work.
Provide interpretation of your research. This helps readers feel more
comfortable to your thought process.
Conclusion / Discussion

Future work
Using research artifacts and past studies, highlight limitations and
present your strategy to overcome them.
Its good to open doors for readers to expect more from your research,
provided no unrealistic statements/ promises are made.
Feel free to talk about real life applications stating importance of
future work.
This is a section where you can present your “Vision” and
“Aspirations” regarding using your current research to support
forthcoming trends.
Future work

References
List the Papers/Journals/Datasheets/Manuscripts as well as Articles, in a
numbered fashion, referred while documenting the research.
List websites also (if paper imports a piece of data from it)
Format of writing reference entries should be in tandem with rules of
formatting
References

Picking the
right publisher
Vasuki Soni

Choosing right publisher
• Research Papers can be published in International and National Journals.
• Few key publishing platforms are like : IEEE, ELSEVIER, SPRINGER and
ACM etc.
• Students/ Engineers & Researchers can get papers published as follows:
• Directly submit papers for review for getting published. (Paid/Unpaid)
• Submit research papers/ articles during “Call for papers” for a particular
publisher for a conference/meetup.
• Search for right journal as per domain of study from the mentioned publishers
and submit paper for review and publishing.

Evaluate Journal for your manuscript
• Impact factor (Wikipedia.com)
• The impact factor (IF) or journal impact factor (JIF) of an academic journal is a scientometric
index that reflects the yearly average number of citations that articles published in the last two
years in a given journal received.
• Higher the Impact Factor (I.F.) better the journal.
• SCImago Journal Rank (SJR indicator) Wikipedia.com:
• is a measure of scientific influence of scholarly journals that accounts for both the number
of citations received by a journal and prestige of the journals where such citations come from.
• Higher the SJR Value of a journal, higher is the prestige.
• Check out other Elsevier Journal Evaluation Metrics.

Peer review
A second opinion is always good to
have
Vasuki Soni

Why do papers get rejected ?
Silly mistakes
• Lack of technical relevance
• Verbose
• Spelling/ Grammatical mistakes.
• Deviation from the Standard Paper
Advanced reasons
• Results not being backed by enough reasoning or data.
• Technical errors like invalid data, information etc.
• Obsolete discussions (no validity at present)

Why to get reviewed?
• Gives opportunity for researchers to fix logical or
technical errors in manuscript before official
review.
• It brings multiple ideas on table, which helps
authors to revise the content.
• It prevents substandard or incompetent data to
reach reviewers.
• It is a standard practice accepted worldwide.
• It can also ignite creativity and self realization.

Picking good reviewers
• While picking reviewers, author should be mindful of
picking people with diverse expertise. For example:
• Subject matter experts
• Scientists
• Professors
• Technical writers etc.
NOTE: Co-authors and friends should not be considered reviewers to avoid natural bias.

Plagiarism
• This is a disciplinary offence, which includes all published and
unpublished material, in manuscript, printed or electronic form.
• Peer review is something which briefly prevents Plagiarism being
exercised unknowingly.
• Next slide shows how to use online tools to check plagiarized content.
Plagiarism (ref. University of oxford)
is presenting someone else’s work or ideas as your own,
with or without their consent, by incorporating it into your
work without full acknowledgement.

Plagiarism Detection Tools
• As mentioned, there are online tools which tell instantly whether the
content is plagiarized or not.
• It does so by scanning the internet and compares your text with technical
resources online for duplication or similarity.
• After knowing, its authors responsibility to either alter of change the
content so that plagiarism or conflict of interest is nullified.
• Some of the online tools to detect plagiarism are:
• Grammarly Plagiarism Checker
• Dupli Checker
• Turnitin
• Quetext

Final Submission
Putting the last stone
Vasuki Soni

Checklist before Final Submission
✓ Adherence to Standard Paper Format
✓ Plagiarism Check
✓ Peer review
✓ Paper alignment (part of formatting)
✓ Author details
✓ Check how will the paper look in printable version.
Check for alignment/ image quality and text visibility.
Last point mentioned here is critical for “Camera Ready Submission”
Camera-ready paper simply means that your paper will be published exactly as
you submit it. There will be no re-formatting/ editing at publisher end.

General process of paper publishing
Abstract Submission
“A short summary of your paper and its intent”
If selected, Full Paper Submission
“A full length research paper in standard format”
If selected, Camera Ready Submission
“Full submission modified to be printed as is by publisher”

What to expect after final submission ?
• Keep your fingers crossed and wait for feedback from the review team of
the publisher
• If result is positive, Kudos ! You made it. ☺ ☺
• If result is negative, do the following:
• Carefully analyze the feedback and figure out deficiencies.
• Fix current paper and get it reviewed by the publisher if possible.
• Make sure to fix publisher review comments, before re-publishing.
• Rule is not to submit an article/ paper for review to more than 1
publisher at the same time.

Author’s Profile
▪ Lead Engineer at Xilinx Inc.
▪ Interested to explore latest trends in technology.
▪ Research enthusiast, looking out for new ideas.
Reach me :-
Email : vasukisoni@gmail.com
LinkedIn : https://www.linkedin.com/in/vasuki-soni-a8aab85a/
ResearchGate : https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Vasuki_Soni

Thank you !

A comprehensive guide to writing great research paper

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A comprehensive guide to writing great research paper