horticulture plantation crops (tea)

1. Value addition of Tea
From Pre harvest to Post harvest Name Vivek Yadav
Dept. of Horticulture
SIKKIM UNIVERSITY

2. INTRODUCTION
• Tea is the second most popular consumed drink in the world after water. It is
a pleasant, popular, socially accepted, economical and safe drink that is
enjoyed every day by hundreds of millions of people across all continents. Tea
is globally one of the most popular and cheapest beverages with major
production centres in India, China, Kenya, Sri Lanka, Turkey & Vietnam.it
provides employment to more than one million workers. India is largest
producer, consumer, exporter of tea in world
Queen of beverage crop
Scientific name : Camellia sinensis
Family: Theaceae

3. Benefits of Tea
Tea is a zero calorie healthy beverage
Successfully used to deliver nutrients
Good carrier for herbs/ vitamins/other

4. Production Map of India
Kangra
Darjeeling
Assam
Dooars
Nilgiri
Munnar

5. Market overview, Production, Export
Source: Tea Board of India

6. Value addition steps and supply chain

7. Service/Policy
In order to encourage the small growers form
Tea Producers’ Society (TPS) Tea Board under
the 10th plan period has given special
subsidies for setting up of TPS.

8. • Support
• Information
• Fund
• Policy
• Subsidy
Services
• Resistant
• High
yielding
• Climate
suitable
• Disease
free
Planting
material • More
production
• Better crop
growth
Planting
system
• Quality
planting
material
• Healthy
plants
Nursery • Weeding
• Pruning/Tranin
g
• Fertilizer
• Irrigation
I/C operation
• Quality
harvesting
• Proper
harvesting
• Perfect
time
Harvesting
Pre Harvest value addition

9. Planting Material
• Infilling biclonal seed stocks,
UPASl : BSS–I to BSS-5.
• Graft combinations such as
UPASI–3 / UPASI–2, UPASI–3 /
UPASI6, UPASI-8 / UPASI-2.
• Clones like UPASI-2,TRI.2025,
ATK-1, W-35,SA-6 and C–1.
• Drought prone areas ATK-1, TRI-
2025
• Wind prone areas: CR–6017 and
UPASI-26
Planting System
• About 13,000 plants are planted
in one hectare following double
hedge system of planting
(spacing: 135 X 75 X 75 cm). One
year old plants are planted in pits
with a dimension of 30 X 45 cm.
• The selected plants for planting
should have 14 to 16 healthy
mature leaves

10. Organic culture
 Organic manure: Composting, Vermicompost, Biodynamics,
 Nitrogen fixation in Temi tea garden: Crotolaria, Lemon grass. other Neem rich material
e.g. Neem cakes, castor cakes
 Nursery to raising planting material organically
 Integrated animal husbandry
 Propagation: sections are clonal and seedlings; propagated by single node leaf cutting
 Control of paste and diseases in the organic tea garden: use extract of plant like neem,
banmara, dhutra by foliar application; spray of Sishnu jhol, Lime spray, Nemagold
 Methods of weed control in Temi tea garden: Mulching, Manual weeding
 Shade tree in Temi tea garden: Dhuppi (Cryptomeria spp.); Paiyun (Prunus spp.); Ghora
neem (Melia azedarach); Cassia siamea; Acacia auriculiformis; Crotolaria spp.

11. Harvesting
Course
Plucking
Fine Plucking
Fine plucking we harvest only the bud, second and
third leaves so that we get the most from a harvest of
tea. Harvesting tea needs to be done in the early
morning. This type of harvesting tea makes very fine
and delicate flavoured tea. It is usually lighter and
sweeter in taste.
Coarse plucking technique produces a lower
quality of tea than fine plucking. In coarse plucking
you will also harvest the bud but will include more
than two leaves whilst harvesting the tea. This is
generally done at a very fast pace. This technique
of harvesting tea makes a stronger flavour tea than
that of fine plucking

12. Technology /Invention
Withering troughs
Green leaf sifter
Green Leaf shredder
Orthodox roller
Orthodox roller
Fermentation drum
Continuous fermenting machine
Vibro fluid bed drier
Combination drier
Fibre extractor
Sorter
Fluid bed drier
ECP drier:
Continuous fermenting machine

13. Research and Development
• In India research and development work is mainly done by four pioneer
institutes:
UPASI
DTRC
Tocklai (Assam)
IHBT
ISTS
Tea Research Foundation, Kenya
Chinese Tea Research Institute, China
Objective of R&D
Objective
of R&D:
Yielding variety
Disease Resistant
Pest Resistant
Good tea stimulate :Tenin,Theol,Thein
Organic practices
Economic standard

14. Grading
D-
Dust
Fanning
BOPFOP
OP Golden
Tippy
Processing Methods
CTC
Orthodox
Light Strength Tea
Strong Strength

15. Packaging Transporting Marketing
Plywood Chest
Polythene bag
Fabric bag
Paper bag
Jute bag
Wooden box
Metal box
Ship, truck, railroad, aircraft
(transport of sample chests
to port of destination for
purposes of comparison).
Tea, especially Darjeeling, is
increasingly being
transported by air and is
known as "air freighted" tea.
Tea is predominantly
transported in standard
containers
Domestic
International

17. Different Value Added Products
INSTANT TEA
SPECIALITY AND HERBAL TEAS
TEA EXTRACT
USE AS DYE
USE AS A DETERGENT
TEA SEED OIL
BIO-MANURE

18. Other value added products
Jasmine tea
Rose tea
Ginger tea
Tulsi tea
Herbal tea
Lemon tea
Green tea
Black tea
oolong tea
Royal tea
Instant tea
slim tea
Ever spring tea
Mint tea

20. Thanking you
Main Sources :Tea Board of India,UPASI,DTRC,IHBT