Uniting Agriculture and Nature
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Andrew Noble presented on WLE's approach and strategy at the IWMI Annual Research Meeting on December 2, 2014.
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Uniting Agriculture and Nature
- 1. Uniting agriculture &nature IWMI-ARM, Colombo, Dec 2, 2014 PROSPEROUS COMMUNITIES. PRODUCTIVE FOOD SYSTEMS. HEALTHY LAND.
- 2. A new approach to NRM where.. ….a healthy, functioning ecosystem is a prerequisite for agricultural development, resilient food systems and human well-being.
- 3. A different perspective WLE emphasizes the need to rethink agricultural development in the context of growing resource constraints and rising risks of abrupt changes affecting water, land and ecosystems. WLE’s ecosystems-based approach seeks to harness ecosystem services for production goals or in ways that support these goals while reducing negative impacts on the natural resource base providing these ecosystem services.
- 4. Global conversations have changed Economic development vs. environmental degradation – current economic growth models may not be sustainable. Urbanization and peri-urban agriculture – we are moving to a new era sedentary living in large / mega cities Equity and inequality – women and youth are being left behind – a lost opportunity with significant risk. Environmental risk and crisis – climate change, resource limits There is a need to rethink agricultural development and the entire food system.
- 5. Integrated solutions in a complex world – the core focus of WLE Productivity: Improved land, water and energy productivity in rain-fed and irrigated agro-ecosystems. Income: Increased and more equitable income from agricultural and natural resource management and ecosystem services in rural and peri-urban areas. Gender & Equity: Enhanced decision-making power of women and marginalized groups and increased benefits derived from agricultural and natural resources. Adaptation: Increased ability of low-income communities to adapt to environmental and economic variability, demographic shifts, shocks and long-term changes. Resilience: Increased resilience of communities through enhanced ecosystem services in agricultural landscapes.
- 6. Putting ecosystem services at the forefront An ecosystems-based approach to sustainable intensification provides an opportunity to achieve agricultural productivity and socioeconomic development, while maintaining resilient landscapes.
- 7. transition to integrated and holistic sustainable intensification systems requires decision makers levels—from local to international—to make complex choices among competing uses of, management strategies for, water, land, ecosystems, energy and other resources. WLE at Scale WLE ES&R Framework http://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/Publications/wle/corporate/ ecosystem_services_and_resilience_framework.pdf
- 8. Trade-offs, costs & benefits across scales An ecosystem-based approach provides integrated solutions that consider trade-offs, costs and benefits across sectors and scales, allowing us to balance seemingly contradictory goals of increasing food production while maintaining ecosystem services.
- 9. The nexus Increasing global focus on “nexus” thinking. WLE also looks at the nexus between natural resources (water, land, forests), agriculture and others developments (industry, energy, mining, etc.).
- 10. Urbanization Increasing urbanization provides opportunities to leverage different agriculture and natural resource management options both in rural areas and in peri urban areas. This also provides an opportunity to look at resource recycling and how we close the nutrient loop nutrient
- 11. How we work WLE’s programming combines three different but interconnected components.
- 12. Where we work The focal regions are an important part of WLE’s research-for-development approach. The focal regions prioritize opportunities to address large- and small-scale water and land development sustainability challenges.
- 13. is able to leverage the extensive capacity and research of its partners. WLE recognizes that transition to integrated and holistic sustainable intensification systems requires decision makers levels—from WLE local At to Scale international—to make complex choices among competing uses of, management strategies for, water, land, ecosystems, energy and other resources.
- 14. WLE Flagships U N I T I N G A G R I C U LT U R E A N D N AT U R E F O R P O V E R T Y R E D U C T I O N
- 15. INTEGRATING ECOSYSTEM SOLUTIONS INTO POLICY AND INVESTMENTS (IES) Harnessing and integrating WLE’s R4D portfolio will foster a transition to sustainable intensification (SI) while enhancing national and regional capacity. Critical Issues • National and regional issues being addressed in an integrated manner. • Supporting development through sound economic investments. Key areas of work The Nile and East Africa The Volta/Niger The Greater Mekong The Ganges The Innovation Fund Uniting agriculture and nature for poverty reduction LEADER: Nathanial Matthews
- 16. INCREASING WATER AND LAND PRODUCTIVITY (LWP) Improved access to natural resources and increased adoption of sustainable intensification practices will lead farmers to become more resilient and food secure. Key areas of work Agricultural water and land productivity Revitalizing irrigation systems Uniting agriculture and nature LEADERS: for poverty reduction Meredith Giordano Theib Oweis
- 17. REVITALIZING DEGRADED ECOSYSTEMS (RDE) Reduce land degradation and increase resilience of small scale farming communities in sub-Saharan Africa and other hot spots across the globe. Influencing investments on land degradation so they take an ecosystem perspective Key areas of Work • Landscape restorations and their impacts • Ecosystem services assessment, exploring trade-offs, and equitable planning of restoration interventions Uniting agriculture and nature for poverty reduction • Economic solutions and incentives LEADERS: Deborah Bossio Suhas Wani
- 18. RECOVERING AND REUSING RESOURCES (RRR) Reduce the negative urban footprint on ecosystems and human health through market driven incentives that promote investments in water and energy recovery and reuse Business models and innovative partnerships Uniting agriculture and nature for poverty reduction Key Activities: 1. Business opportunities in nutrient, water and energy recovery and reuse 2. Safe waste water reuse 3. Resource management in intensified peri-urban ecosystems. LEADER: Pay Drechsel
- 19. MANAGING RESOURCE VARIABILITY AND COMPETING USES (MRV) Assist decision makers to reconcile natural variability, competition among sectors and trade-offs, and the importance of equitably sharing these resources Key areas of research • Managing water resources variability and rethinking storage • Resource allocation and sharing of benefits for all • Water and energy for Uniting agriculture and nature for poverty reduction food LEADERS: Claudia Ringler Vladimir Smakhtin
- 20. WLE Core Themes U N I T I N G A G R I C U LT U R E A N D N AT U R E F O R P O V E R T Y R E D U C T I O N
- 21. GENDER, POVERTY AND INSTITUTIONS (GPI) Identify where, when and how women can gain equitable access to water, land and other natural resources Women as a central component to improving sustainable intensification • More than one-third of the female workforce is engaged in agriculture, while in regions like sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia more than 60% of all female employment is in this sector. • Two-thirds of the world’s 796 million illiterate adults are women. • Only 29% of researchers in the world today are women. LEADER: Nicoline de Haan
- 22. ECOSYSTEM SERVICES AND RESILIENCE (ES&R) Understand trade-offs and synergies, both short and long term, on how mixed use landscapes can be managed for their multi-functionality. Support to thematic work and focal regions in developing ecosystem based approaches & engaging in global processes Core Issues • 10 million hectares of farmland are lost every year due to ecosystem degradation. • Radical overhaul of agriculture can create farms which enhance rather than degrade the world’s ecosystems. • 66% of wetlands are used for agriculture in Africa and 48% in Asia. Examples of work • Community based fisheries • Changing Landscapes in Kyrgyzstan • Engaging and contributing to global processes LEADER: Fabrice DeClerck
- 23. STRENGTHENING DECISION ANALYSIS AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS (DAI) Use information analysis tools to help governments and investors reduce risk and enhance rural farm livelihoods Key Issues: 1. Decision analysis and risk assessment. 2. Information systems Areas of work 1) Cost-effective soil information systems based on new spectral diagnostics and digital mapping techniques; 2) A global water accounting platform that will provide water accounts on a monthly basis for major river basins of the world; and 3) Global information and knowledge facility for agro-biodiversity. LEADERS: Keith Shepherd Lisa Rebelo
- 24. PROSPEROUS COMMUNITIES. PRODUCTIVE FOOD SYSTEMS. HEALTHY LAND and Water. Wle.cgiar.org/blogs
Notes de l'éditeur
- Intro with the challenges: Rising population pushing natural systems beyond their limits Current food production systems and natural resource management practices are unsustainable and hold significant risk for future generations
- To achieve our vision of building resilient food systems, WLE has defined five intermediate development outcomes that are integrated and build upon one another:
- Intro with the challenges: Rising population pushing natural systems beyond their limits Current food production systems and natural resource management practices are unsustainable and hold significant risk for future generations
- Intro with the challenges: Rising population pushing natural systems beyond their limits Current food production systems and natural resource management practices are unsustainable and hold significant risk for future generations
- Intro with the challenges: Rising population pushing natural systems beyond their limits Current food production systems and natural resource management practices are unsustainable and hold significant risk for future generations
- Critical Issues: Groundwater 30% of all liquid freshwater on Earth is groundwater. In Africa, there is 100 times more water under the surface of the ground than on it. A new tube well is sunk every six seconds in India. Slide The objective is to develop technical, managerial and institutional solutions for managing water and land that: (I) improve productivity in smallholder agricultural systems and in large-scale public irrigation systems; (ii) increase incomes and equitable benefits to women and resource-poor farmers; and (iii) enhance resilience of ecosystems services, including biodiversity and fisheries, and limit negative externalities Key research includes: Technological innovations in small-scale land and water management; innovative business models and investment strategies that address the needs of farmers, including women and marginalized groups; green and blue water management strategies that maximize ecosystem services; institutional innovation, incentives and technological interventions to revitalize canal-based irrigation systems; decision-support tools and monitoring systems to enable the sustainable out scaling of agricultural water and land management solutions.
- Critical Issues: Land degradation One Fourth of the world’s surface is already degraded and 24 billion tons of soil are lost to erosion every year Nearly 50% of farmland in Africa suffers from erosion and nutrient depletion The value of nutrients lost in Africa is estimated at $4 billion per year. 34 million ha have been affected by salt intrusion globally
- Critical Issues: Wastewater Half of the world’s people now live in towns and cities, a figure expected to reach two-thirds by 2050. Agriculture is competing with industry and municipal users for safe water supplies. Urban wastewater is polluting natural rivers, streams and lakes in many developing countries.
- Key Issues: In 2011, extreme climate events resulted in an estimated $200 billion of damage Every dollar spent on pre-disaster water infrastructure can save up to $10 in disaster relief. Yet, 90% of aid is only delivered after a flood or drought has occurred The vision of the MRV flagship is to enhance communities’ and governments’ to reconcile natural variability, competition among sectors and trade-offs, given the interconnectedness of water, land, energy and other ecosystem services, and the importance of equitably sharing these resources, their services and benefits.
- Critical Issues: Gender More than one-third of the female workforce is engaged in agriculture, while in regions like sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia more than 60% of all female employment is in this sector. Two-thirds of the world’s 796 million illiterate adults are women. Only 29% of researchers in the world today are women.
- Critical Issues: Ecosystems 10 million hectares of farmland are lost every year due to ecosystem degradation. Radical overhaul of agriculture can create farms which enhance rather than degrade the world’s ecosystems. 66% of wetlands are used for agriculture in Africa and 48% in Asia. Seasonal floodplains in Bangladesh provide a diverse range of livelihood and ecosystem services, and require broad-based consultation to identify solutions for sustainable use. They are also an essential source of food for some of the poorest in the region. WorldFish has worked in six sites of the floodplains of Bangladesh and India to strengthen community-based organizations (CBOs), by building leadership skills, ensuring access and benefits to the poor, and increasing fish production. The seasonal floodplains are under private, public/private and public ownerships. CBOs lease an area from a land authority for three years, and pay rent to private ditch owners within the floodplains (fish are plentiful in the ditches at times). During the wet months, CBOs stock fingerlings by setting up fences in water inlets. This allows un-stocked small fish from surrounding areas free movement for breeding. Both the production of stocked fish and un-stocked small fish have increased as a result, providing benefits to fishermen, poor landless people and consumers. The floodplains under the fish culture project also make it easier to grow rice with less water and fertilizer, which is a topic that is similarly being studied in the Tonle Sap floodplains of the Mekong. Pilot farmers are successfully demonstrating new crops and practices, which are being adopted by other farmers. Floodplain area 2.82 million ha covers almost two-third of inland open water, producing 780,000 metric tons of fish - 24% of country’s total fish production. It provides essential source of food, income and livelihoods of millions of people but is undervalued Conversion for drainage, flood control, agriculture, changes in nature, grabbing Latest trends use of floodplains for aquaculture like closed water: it increases fish production and income but floodplain ecosystem is under stress with loss in diversity of wild fish, other aquatic animals and plants and reduction in ecosystem services loss of access and benefits of the poor including fishers, landless Use Community Based Fish Culture (CBFC) and Integrated Floodplain Management (IFM): Establish Sanctuaries, Habitat Restoration, Conservation and Enhanced Fisheries Management (stocking, regulation)
- The overall aim of the DAI theme is to improve the quality of decisions on agro-ecosystem research and development through the wider use of decision analysis and risk assessment methods and well- targeted information systems. In this extension period, the theme has become cross cutting in recognition of its relevance across all flagships. Improving decision processes helps better target research, avoid waste, improve implementation designs, generate greater commitment to action, and improve ways of measuring success. These improvements would in turn result in increased project impacts and greater value for money with lower risks. he theme will develop new decision analysis and risk assessment tools based on Bayesian analysis, which offers a solution to overcoming limitations in data insufficiencies while improving decision quality. Such tools have been used with considerable success in other domains of critical project decision making, including in multi-stakeholder settings and in government policy.
- Intro with the challenges: Rising population pushing natural systems beyond their limits Current food production systems and natural resource management practices are unsustainable and hold significant risk for future generations