Exec training sample_20130301

Sample slides

Sample slides

“Towards a successful expatriation in India”

Paris, March 2013

Benoît Teppe (bt@inalliance.eu)

© InAlliance Consulting, a NeoFocus Group company – All rights reserved Executive training sample slides - 20130301 7

Sample slides

Agenda
1. Introduction, objectives of the session
1. About you… xx
2. About me xx
3. Our objectives xx

2. Cross-perceptions
1. How do you perceive India, the Indians ? xx
2. How do they perceive your country / you ? xx

3. National context xx
1. History xx
2. Religions xx
3. Geopolitical positioning, national security xx
4. Institutions xx
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Concepts, tools, information represented herein are the result of the expertise of InAlliance Consulting. While this document has been produced with due professional care using data collected with our
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This document shall not be complete without the accompanying verbal explanations by InAlliance Consulting.


Sample slides

Each period of India’s rich history has left a lasting impact on the country’s present business
environment

Main periods in India’s history

- 3000 - 1500 - 500 - 260 320 455 1100 1500 1757 1947
Persian and
Hindus Valley Aryan Maurya Gupta Han Muslim Moghul British Republic of
Greek
civilization invasions Dynasty Dynasty invasions invasions Dynasty Empire India
invasions

Descendents of Gengis Khan
Turks: Mahmud of Ghazni, Muhammad Ghori, etc.
Partition into multiple kingdoms
Golden Age: peace, arts, literature, etc.
Fill the void left by Alexander the Great, create the first Indian Empire -> lions & pillar symbols
Alexander the Great takes India in -327 from Persian Kings (Cyrus, followed by Darius)
Push indigenous Dravidians to the South, bring the Swastika, the caste system
Urbanism, administration, language, craftwork, etc.


Sample slides

Closer to us, a new era was open by the 1991 reforms

High growth

-> companies grow fast,
become more profitable,
market caps leap
forward

Fall of the Berlin Wall
Heavy reduction of
state interventionism

(end of the « Licence
Raj »)
Liberal reforms

Cultural change
in Indian society

(entrepreneurship, IT,
globalisation, etc.)


Sample slides

Agenda
1. About you… xx
2. About me xx


1. History xx
2. Religions xx
4. Institutions xx


Sample slides

Contemporary India’s religious landscape results both from indigenous and imported
religions

Introduction chronology of India’s main religions
-? - 800 - 500 50 300 700 1100 1500 1750 2012
Other Sikhism Christianism
1,9% 1,9% 2,3%
Jainism Islam
13,4%

Buddhism

Hinduism
Hinduism
80,5%

Sikhism

Islam

Copt / orthodox christianism

Catholicism
Peaceful introduction
(e.g. trade relations)
Protestantism
Introduced through
invasions Judaism

Zoroastrianism

Sources : National Census 2001, recherche documentaire, analyse InAlliance

Sample slides

Agenda
1. About you… xx
2. About me xx


1. History xx
2. Religions xx
4. Institutions xx


Sample slides

Despite the end of the Cold War and India having become a leading economy, it remains
strategically non-aligned and highly connected to emerging markets

Military, strategic cooperation: USA, GB, France, Russia, Israel

Infrastructure, industrial and financial projects:

member of the Asian Development Bank (67
member states) :

Economic cooperation:

observer status at the ASEAN (Association of
South-East Asian Nations)

Political cooperation, international lobbying: Science & technology research programmes:

Founding member of the Non-Aligned Movement Member of the SAARC (South Asian Association for
(118 nations) Regional Cooperation)

Sources : Organisations internationales citées, recherches documentaires, analyse InAlliance

Sample slides

India’s rich and complex history, as well as its geographical position at a cultural and
commercial crossroad, connects it considerably to its neighbours…

The majority of Kashmere’s
population is muslim and
shares many traditions with
neighbouring Pakistan Bangladesh and the Indian
state of West Bengal were
formed by dividing British
India’s Bengal

Punjab was split between
India and Pakistan in 1947 Parts of today’s Myanmar
share their language and
culture with neighbouring
The South-Western coast Indian states
supplies a large contingent
of migrant workers to the
Gulf countries

The Tamul population of Sri
Lanka shares its language
British India (1860) and culture with India’s Tamil
Nadu
Republic of India (1947)


Sample slides

… for better and for worse

Main threats to India’s national security

Aksai Chin, Shaksam Valley:
claimed by China and India for
Jammu & Kashmere and the the past 40 years
Siachen glacier are claimed
by both India and Pakistan
since 1947

Eastern and North-Eastern
States: Maoist guerilla

Kashmere : islamist
militantism and
independence claims in
border areas and further

Bangladesh & Myanmar
South-Western coast, border
borders: organised illegal
with Sri Lanka : illegal trade
immigration, illegal trade

Internal threat

External threat


Sample slides

Agenda
1. About you… xx
2. About me xx


1. History xx
2. Religions xx
4. Institutions xx


Sample slides

Legislative and executive powers are shared between the Union and each of the States, and
the Union also directly controls some of each state’s executive power

1 Governor per State, nominated by the
Union

President of
Prime Minister India
Electoral
(+ government) college « Chief Minister »
12
counsellors (+ government)

Lok Rajya
Sabha Sabha Governor
238 Legislative
Federal Parliament
counsellors Assembly

Union X 28 States,
6 Union Territories(1),
NCR(1)

Legislative power
545 Members of Parliament, 5 year term Members of the Legislative Executive power
Assembly, 5 year term

Sources : Juriscope, recherche documentaire, analyse InAlliance (1) Union Territories and the NCR do not have their own legislative assembly

Sample slides

Except for family matters, Indian Law shows substantial European and American influence

Genesis of Indian Law
Contemporary Indian
- 1000 0 12th c. 18th c. 1947
Law

British Law
Constitution
American Law

French Law Labour Laws

WTO

OMPI Administrative Law

UNHRC
Penal Code
….

Contract Act
English common law

Family Law
Local customs

Hindu Law
Hindu traditions
Muslim Law
Quran, Bible, Torah, etc. Christian Law
Sources : Barreau de New Dellhi, recherche documentaire, analyse InAlliance

Sample slides

Agenda
5. Value system and its consequences
1. … xx
2. … xx
3. Play with tools: Geert Hofstede’s 5 cultural dimensions xx
4. … xx
5. … xx

6. Communication
1. … xx
2. … xx

7. Traps and challenges of expatriation xx
1. … xx
2. … xx
3. … xx


Introduction Communication Cultural differentiation Sample slides

Cultural differentiation can be measured according to 5 dimensions

Cultural dimensions: Geert Hofstede, psychologist (Netherlands, born in 1928) Concept
Geert Hofstede’s work and methodology Geert Hofstede’s 5 « cultural dimensions »

From 1967 to 1973, G. Hofstede Power
interviews several thousand IBM distance
employees located in 70 countries.
During the following 20 years, he fine-tunes and
validates his concept on several other large-scale
population samples: students, foreign office civil
servants, flight attendants, etc…

Statistical and analytical data available today covers 74 Long term Individualism
countries, including several Asian nations, the USA orientation
and most European countries.

Cultural
differentiation

Uncertainty
avoidance Assertiveness

Source : Geert Hofstede, desk research, NeoFocus analysis


US, Indian and French cultures can be mapped according to Hofstede’s concept, giving a
visual evidence of their greatest points of convergence and / or divergence

Cultural profile mapping based on G. Hofstede’s concept
USA, India, France: several contrasts… … but no unsurpassable compared to other « cultural couples »

Power Distance
100 France
90 Power Distance USA
80
India 100
70 USA 80 China
60 60
50
40
Long Term 40 Long Term Orientation Individualism
30 Individualism 20
Orientation
20 0
10
0

Uncertainty Avoidance Masculinity

Uncertainty
Assertiveness
Avoidance

Power Uncertainty Long Term
Individualism Assertiveness
Distance Avoidance Orientation
USA 40 91 62 46 29
India 77 48 56 40 61
France 68 71 43 86 39

NOTE : Long Term Orientation for France has so far not been measured and is approximated here based on similar cultures


American culture accepts much flatter hierarchical structures and draws substantially less
artificial barriers between hierarchical levels than French or Indian culture

“Power Distance”: comparative positioning and characteristics Concept

Flat Hierarchical structures Vertical Success factors ?

•…
Multiple, substantial delegation Decisional centres Centralised, little delegtion
•…

High Individual autonomy Low •…

Not required Demonstration of respect Necessary

Low disparities Compensation structure High disparities

Non-existent Physical demarcation Visible


0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100



Indian society is characterised by deep and strong interpersonal links: if necessary, harmony
prevails over plain talk

“Individualism”: comparative positioning and characteristics Concept

Public recognition of Success factors ?
Recognition Individual fulfilment, material rewards
achievements
•…

•…

Less important than harmony Truth Paramount •…

No object Privacy Fundamental right

Group interest Decisional priorities Individual interest 

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100



The three cultures score relatively similarly on assertiveness

“Assertiveness”: comparative positioning and characteristics Concept

Low Gender behaviourial differentiation High Success factors ?

•…
Weak Role assignation Strong •…

•…
Naturally equal to males’ Respect for females’ success Subject to discussion

Non specific KSF for female success Mimic male behaviour

Weak (sympathy) Competitiveness Strong (combativity)


0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100



French culture is particularly risk-adverse compared to US or Indian culture, causing
attraction towards rigid procedures

“Uncertainty Avoidance”: comparative positioning and characteristics Concept

Informal Professional attitude Very formal Success factors ?

•…
Secondary: strategy is more important Importance given to details Vital
•…

Necessary to evolution Perception of differences Destabilising, subversive •…

Unavoidable Perception of change Threatening

Futile, useless Perception of rules and procedures Vital to safety / security

Inherent to life Perception of risk Must be avoided at all costs


0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100



Indian society values age and formal qualifications much more than French or American
cultures do

“Long Term Orientation”: comparative positioning and characteristics Concept

Individuals with equal rights Basis of society Clan, family Success factors ?

•…
Free Creativity Constrained by social rules •…

•…
Limited Parental authority Strong

Self-acquisition Knowledge acquisition Formal education

Less important than skills Respect for age More important than skills


0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100


Sample slides

33, avenue Philippe Auguste
75011 Paris
France

Tel : +33 1 44 64 10 35
Fax : +33 1 44 64 10 36

www.inalliance.eu
info@inalliance.eu

InAlliance Consulting, Indian market entry specialists

Your contact:
Benoît Teppe, bt@inalliance.eu


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