7. Women in Development
Focused on the integration of women in the
development process
- Tends to focus on women exclusively
8. Women and Development
Focused on the systems and processes that
affect women’s participation
- Still tends to focus on women exclusively
9. Women and Development
Recognizes the reproductive & productive roles of
both women and men
- participatory, empowering, sustainable, free from
violence, respectful of human rights
10. GAD Principles
Participation
Respect for Human Rights
Actualization of Human Potentials
Freedom from Violence
Equity
Empowerment
11. Some Legal Bases of GAD
CEDAW (Convention on the Elimination of all
forms of Discrimination against Women)
BPFA (Beijing Platform for Action) – with 12
critical areas
12. Some Legal Bases of GAD
UNSCR 1325 (UN Security Council
Resolution) – role of women in peace &
security efforts
UNSCR 1820 - identifies sexual violence as
a weapon & tactics of war
13. Some Legal Bases of GAD
RA 7192 (Women in Nation Building Act) –
women as full & equal partners of men
RA 9710 (Magna Carta of Women) –
comprehensive HR law of Filipino women
14. Some Legal Bases of GAD
NAPWPS (National Action Plan for Women,
Peace & Security) – women’s contribution to
conflict transformation
GAA and PCW-NEDA-DBM Joint Circular
for Gender-responsive programs
15. Types of Gender Issues
Organization-focused (gaps in the
integration of gender dimension in the office’s
programs, systems & structures)
Client-focused (the unequal status of
women and men stakeholders)
16. Note:
Gender Issues are derived from mandates,
gender analysis and evaluation of programs
and projects in terms of beneficiaries
20. SEX
Differentiate women and men based on biological
attributes
Universal, fixed and the same across culture and
time
Product of nature and assigned at birth
21. SEX ROLES
Socially-coded behaviors related to sex
organs and procreation
Designated roles of women and men
because of sex/biology
22. GENDER
Refer to roles, attitudes and behaviors
that society attributes to women and men
Acquired & learned
May vary from a place & time
25. Gender Difference
Ascribes distinct roles, traits and characteristics
to women and men
Creates a divide as they are placed in respective
boxes
Reinforces the notion that men are superior and
women are inferior
27. Effects of Gender Difference
Women: education, work & resources, achievement,
benefits compensation, enjoy human rights
Men: be a nurturer, express emotions, domestic life
28. Gender Bias
Cultural beliefs, perceptions, practices, values,
roles, attitudes, structural arrangements, that
favor one sex over the other, not on the basis of
individual merits but on what society recognizes
29. Manifestations of Gender Bias
Economic marginalization
Political subordination
Gender stereotyping
Gender division of Labor
Double/multiple burden
Gender-Based Violence
