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California’s Prison Industrial
Complex and the Perpetual Crisis

      Politics of mass incarceration




           40 Boardman Place                                    www.cjcj.org
           San Francisco, CA 94103   © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
California Prison Population 1851-2010
                (rate per 100,000)




            40 Boardman Place                                    www.cjcj.org
            San Francisco, CA 94103   © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
California criminal justice expenditures, 1982/83-
  present, in constant 2010 dollars per capita




                40 Boardman Place                                    www.cjcj.org
                San Francisco, CA 94103   © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
Percent of California adults under
correctional supervision, 1983-2008




           40 Boardman Place                                    www.cjcj.org
           San Francisco, CA 94103   © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
The Governors
Jerry Brown                      George Deukmejian
 (1975-1983)                     (1983-1991)




               40 Boardman Place                                    www.cjcj.org
               San Francisco, CA 94103   © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
The Governors
Pete Wilson                     Gray Davis
(1991-1999)                     (1999-2003)




              40 Boardman Place                                     www.cjcj.org
              San Francisco, CA 94103    © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
The Governors
Arnold Schwarzenegger                     Jerry Brown
(2003 –2010)                              (2011-present)




                        40 Boardman Place                                       www.cjcj.org
                        San Francisco, CA 94103      © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
Major events of the 1990s
• 1990 Governor Deukmejian's Blue Ribbon Commission
  Report on Inmate Population Management issued
• Rise of the prison interest groups as a political force

• Passage of over 1000 sentencing enhancement laws

• 1994 Three Strikes Law passed




                     40 Boardman Place                                    www.cjcj.org
                     San Francisco, CA 94103   © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
Prison Guards as prison interest group
 1957 CCPOA Founded
 1980s prison expansion fills the
  union’s ranks
 1984 – 1995 membership
  increases from 5000 to 33,000
  under leadership of Don Novey
 Union goals – increase salaries,
  promote job stability, and improve
  working conditions
 Union adopts aggressive political
  strategy to increase prison
  population
 Victims rights movement funded to
  promote prison expansion
 CCPOA and affiliates promote
  harsher sentencing laws
  culminating in passage of 3 strikes


                          40 Boardman Place                                    www.cjcj.org
                          San Francisco, CA 94103   © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
40 Boardman Place                                    www.cjcj.org
San Francisco, CA 94103   © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
CCPOA Influence on the Prison Industrial
                      Complex
•   31,000 members pay $59.42 per month to the CCPOA.
•   Union dues total $21.9 million per year.
•   65% of that money goes to operations.
•   35% goes of the budget funds political activities
•   The political budget flows out in 6 main directions.
•   CCPOA pays for public relations.
•   CCPOA pays for lobbying services.
•   CCPOA funds affiliate groups.
•   CCPOA contributes “soft money” to political parties, political events,
    debates.
•   CCPOA gives direct contributions to candidates.
•   Election winners support the CCPOA political agenda.
•   Tough on crime legislation fuels expansion of the correctional system.
•   Expanded correctional system adds membership to the CCPOA.

                           40 Boardman Place                                       www.cjcj.org
                           San Francisco, CA 94103      © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
California Correctional Peace Officers
      Association as successful union

• California prison guards are highest paid in the US –
  average salary $73,000 – (not including overtime).
• Retire after 30 years at 90% salary
• Automatic monthly bonus for completing a physical
  fitness exam
• Seniority primary basis for job selection




                    40 Boardman Place                                    www.cjcj.org
                    San Francisco, CA 94103   © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
California Prison Lobby
•   CCPOA
•   California District Attorney’s Association
•   Crime Victims United
•   Doris Tate Crime Victims Group
•   California Sheriff’s Association
•   Narcotics Officers Association
•   Police Chiefs Association




                      40 Boardman Place                                    www.cjcj.org
                      San Francisco, CA 94103   © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
Sacramento Prison Industry
Lobbyists



California Peace Officers' Association
California Police Chiefs' Association
California Narcotic Officers
Association
California Association of Code
Enforcement Officers
California Association of Health
Underwriters
California Correctional Supervisors
Organization
Los Angeles District Attorney




                                    40 Boardman Place                                    www.cjcj.org
                                    San Francisco, CA 94103   © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
The Future of California’s Corrections
                    System
•   Impact of Plata/Coleman v Brown(2002 & 1994)
•   Sentencing reform
•   Parole reform
•   Realignment




                    40 Boardman Place                                    www.cjcj.org
                    San Francisco, CA 94103   © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013

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10. california’s prison industrial complex and the perpetual crisis

  • 1. California’s Prison Industrial Complex and the Perpetual Crisis Politics of mass incarceration 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
  • 2. California Prison Population 1851-2010 (rate per 100,000) 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
  • 3. California criminal justice expenditures, 1982/83- present, in constant 2010 dollars per capita 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
  • 4. Percent of California adults under correctional supervision, 1983-2008 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
  • 5. The Governors Jerry Brown George Deukmejian (1975-1983) (1983-1991) 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
  • 6. The Governors Pete Wilson Gray Davis (1991-1999) (1999-2003) 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
  • 7. The Governors Arnold Schwarzenegger Jerry Brown (2003 –2010) (2011-present) 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
  • 8. Major events of the 1990s • 1990 Governor Deukmejian's Blue Ribbon Commission Report on Inmate Population Management issued • Rise of the prison interest groups as a political force • Passage of over 1000 sentencing enhancement laws • 1994 Three Strikes Law passed 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
  • 9. Prison Guards as prison interest group  1957 CCPOA Founded  1980s prison expansion fills the union’s ranks  1984 – 1995 membership increases from 5000 to 33,000 under leadership of Don Novey  Union goals – increase salaries, promote job stability, and improve working conditions  Union adopts aggressive political strategy to increase prison population  Victims rights movement funded to promote prison expansion  CCPOA and affiliates promote harsher sentencing laws culminating in passage of 3 strikes 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
  • 10. 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
  • 11. CCPOA Influence on the Prison Industrial Complex • 31,000 members pay $59.42 per month to the CCPOA. • Union dues total $21.9 million per year. • 65% of that money goes to operations. • 35% goes of the budget funds political activities • The political budget flows out in 6 main directions. • CCPOA pays for public relations. • CCPOA pays for lobbying services. • CCPOA funds affiliate groups. • CCPOA contributes “soft money” to political parties, political events, debates. • CCPOA gives direct contributions to candidates. • Election winners support the CCPOA political agenda. • Tough on crime legislation fuels expansion of the correctional system. • Expanded correctional system adds membership to the CCPOA. 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
  • 12. California Correctional Peace Officers Association as successful union • California prison guards are highest paid in the US – average salary $73,000 – (not including overtime). • Retire after 30 years at 90% salary • Automatic monthly bonus for completing a physical fitness exam • Seniority primary basis for job selection 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
  • 13. California Prison Lobby • CCPOA • California District Attorney’s Association • Crime Victims United • Doris Tate Crime Victims Group • California Sheriff’s Association • Narcotics Officers Association • Police Chiefs Association 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
  • 14. Sacramento Prison Industry Lobbyists California Peace Officers' Association California Police Chiefs' Association California Narcotic Officers Association California Association of Code Enforcement Officers California Association of Health Underwriters California Correctional Supervisors Organization Los Angeles District Attorney 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013
  • 15. The Future of California’s Corrections System • Impact of Plata/Coleman v Brown(2002 & 1994) • Sentencing reform • Parole reform • Realignment 40 Boardman Place www.cjcj.org San Francisco, CA 94103 © Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2013