Ten rules to fail and succeed in smart city project. Return on experiences of smart cities project presented at #egovforum de Bahrein 19/04/2014

1. Claude Rochet
Ten rules to fail and succeed
in a smart city project
Prof. Claude Rochet
Claude.rochet@univ-amu.fr
Claude.rochet@finances.gouv.fr
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2. The French experience: the city as a
system with multiple equilibrium
• A cluster dedicated to
smart cities: Advancity
• Pilot research projects
with large enterprises,
SME, and research
laboratories
• Return of experiences on
both national and int’l
basis
une approche par la modélisation systémique

3. A set of 10 rules to conceive and
monitor the city as a complex system
ConceptionConception OwnershipOwnership
Continuous
innovation
Continuous
innovationSafety and resilienceSafety and resilience

4. #1 Technology is NOT an end in
itself : it’s an add-on, real life
must come first
4
Why building a city & what
are the strategic goals? Who
are the stakeholders?
What are the generic
functions to be performed
by a smart city?
With which organs?
Technical devices,
software…
With which smart
people?
Conception,
metamodel
framework,
steering
Subsystems
and processes
People and
tools
Why designing this ecosystem?
Who will live in the city?
What are its activities?
How the city will be fed?
Where the city is located ? (context)
What are the functions to be performed to
reach the goals and how do they interact?
With which organs and
ressources?
How people will interact with the
artifacts?
How civic life will organize?
ConceptionConception OwnershipOwnership
Continuous
innovation
Continuous
innovationSafety and resilienceSafety and resilience

5. #2 Think the city as o
system of system (SoS)
ConceptionConception OwnershipOwnership
Continuous
innovation
Continuous
innovationSafety and resilienceSafety and resilience
Organ 1Organ 1 Organ 2Organ 2 Organ 3Organ 3 Organ nOrgan n
Function 1Function 1 Function 1Function 1 Function 1Function 1 Function 1Function 1
SoS 1SoS 1 SoS nSoS n
CityCity
Technical organs
Functions to be
delivered
Emerging
results

6. #3: Design a monitorable
system to avoid being
monitored by it
17/02
ConceptionConception OwnershipOwnership
Continuous
innovation
Continuous
innovationSafety and resilienceSafety and resilience
Define the limits of the city!
Avoid city spread as oil stain!

7. #4 Think in terms of patterns,
not addition of technologies
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ConceptionConception OwnershipOwnership
Continuous
innovation
Continuous
innovationSafety and resilienceSafety and resilience
A pattern defines a function the city must comply with
the objective “Why the city” and therefore sets
constraints to be respected by the designer.

8. #5 Do not rely on a single OS
• Conceive the city
OS weblike able to
evolve organically
with open
standards and open
source software
ConceptionConception OwnershipOwnership
Continuous
innovation
Continuous
innovationSafety and resilienceSafety and resilience

9. #6 Make the code transparentConceptionConception OwnershipOwnership
Continuous
innovation
Continuous
innovationSafety and resilienceSafety and resilience
Who will regulate the regulator?

10. #7 Take care of public
ownership on data, soft &
hardware
ConceptionConception OwnershipOwnership
Continuous
innovation
Continuous
innovationSafety and resilienceSafety and resilience

11. #8 Invest in civic labs as
places for experimentation
ConceptionConception OwnershipOwnership
Continuous
innovation
Continuous
innovationSafety and resilienceSafety and resilience

12. 12
Levelsofcomplexity
City
Functions
Citizens
Complex systems
engineering Extended P.A Political philosophy
Complex
system
modeling
Interaction
and synergies
Social
networks and
interactions
Overlaps and
interactions
Common good as an
emergence and
structuring finality
Ends and means of
wealth creation
Civic implication
Polycentric
Govce
ConceptionConception OwnershipOwnership
Continuous
innovation
Continuous
innovationSafety and resilienceSafety and resilience
#9 The task of Gov’t is to foster
thinking across discipline in a
joint innovation process

13. #10 Invest in reliability and
resilience: always test the
worst scenario!
ConceptionConception OwnershipOwnership
Continuous
innovation
Continuous
innovationSafety and resilienceSafety and resilience
StabilityStability
CrisisCrisis
Reinventin
g
Reinventin
g
Reinventin
g the code
Reinventin
g the code

14. An ongoing case study: Improving
social capital,
bottom-up vs. top-down: The case
of Christchurch (NZ)
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15. Chinese vision of smart cities
challenge: innovation or slum?
In the search of increasing
returns by correlating
urbanization and innovation

17. Merci!
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Claude.rochet@univ-amu.fr
+33 6 76 04 67 90