1. Ancient Egypt
Chapter 2:2

3. Geography
• Nile River is the longest river in the world
(4,100 miles)

4. Geography
• Cataract= waterfall or stretch of rapids
• Delta= marshy region formed by deposits of
silt at the mouth of the river (triangle)
• Upper (inland) and Lower Egypt (delta)
• Nile flows northbound

5. Environment
• Nile was
consistent
• Egyptian stayed
close to the river
• Invaders were
shut out because
of Sahara (natural
barriers)
• Traded with
Mesopotamia

6. Clip: Man vs. Wild- The Sahara

7. First Kingdoms
• First divided into 2 kingdoms (Upper & Lower)
• Upper Kingdom King Menes, united all of Egypt
• Capitol became, Memphis
• Began the first Egyptian dynasty

8. • Clip: The Pharaoh Report (Horrible Histories)

9. Pharaoh
• = Egyptian god-king
• Theocracy= government
in which the ruler is seen
as divine
• The pharaoh caused: the
sun to rise, the Nile to
flood, and the crops to
grow

10. Pyramids • Pyramids
(tombs)
were more
important as
their palace
• Pyramids
were built as
soon as
leaders took
reign

11. • Built of stone, granite and limestone
• Pyramids show strength of Egypt

12. • Clip: Inside a Pyramid

13. Religion
• Polytheistic
• Most important, Ra,
the Sun God, and
Horus, the god of light
• Isis, represented the
ideal mother and wife
• Worshiped about
2,000 gods and
goddesses

14. • Clip: Prince of Egypt, “Playing with the Big Boys”

15. • Clip: Horrible Histories, Egyptian Gods

16. Afterlife
• Life continued after
death
• Osiris, god of the
dead, would judge
• Objects were buried
with them that they
would need in the
next life

17. Mummification
• =embalming and drying of the corpse to
prevent it from decaying

18. How to Mummify:
• 1. Announcement of Death
• 2. Embalming the Body
• 3. Removal of Brain (hook
inserted in nose)
• 4. Removal of Internal
Organs (liver, lungs,
stomach and intestines
• Taken out by slit on the
abdomen, each was stored in
canopic jars
• 5. Drying out Process (with
salt, left outside for 40
days)
• 6. Wrapping of Body

19. • Clip: Pet Mummies in SLC

20. Slavery
• Captives from foreign wars
• Served in the homes, and mined gold
• Egyptians could change social classes

21. Writing
• Hieroglyphics= Egyptian writing
system
• Papyrus= tall stalks of reeds used to
make paper
• Egyptian writing was lost for centuries
until the Rosetta Stone was found in 1799

22. • Clip: Hieroglyphics, Horrible Histories

23. Inventions
• Early form of geography (Nile)
• Skillful architects & engineers
• First to use columns (homes, temples,
palaces)
• Calendar (time the flooding)
• Medicine, surgeries (mummifications)

24. Activity

25. Activity: Different Beliefs in the
Afterlife
• Groups of 2-3
• Read Information
• Create a visual of
your religion’s point
of view of the
afterlife
• Share

26. Beliefs in the Afterlife
• Journey and struggling to unite with your family
• Punishment, go through hell first to get to heaven, limbo
(between)
• heaven/hell, punishment
• Journey, waiting period, house of the dead
• Heaven/hell (punishment)
• Reincarnation, rewards/punishments to move in cycle
• Heaven/hell, all will live forever, depends on deeds, select few will
go to heaven
• Feared death, journey, punishment for good and bad, paradise
• Life is prison, all men are gods
• No hell (cease to exist), righteous live with god, 1,000 year war,
survivors go to kingdom with god
• Judgment day, heaven/hell
• Spirit and physical world are similar, dream time,