Production of 2nd generation bio-ethanol. Gasoline blend. Fossil fuel alternative.

1. DEVELOPMENT OF BIO-
EHTANOL: 2-G BIO-
ETHANOL PRODUCTION
Durga Pratap
17CH60R03 1

2. Contents:
What is Bioethanol?
1stand 2nd generation of Bioethanol
Lignocellulosic Biomass
Composition of Lignocellulose
Pretreatment of Lignocellulose
Enzymatic Hydrolysis
Case study
Advantage
Conclusion
References
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3. What is Bioethanol ?
Bioethanol is an alcohol made by fermentation, mostly
from carbohydrates produced in sugar or starch crops
such as corn or sugarcane.
Cellulosic biomass, derived from non-food sources such
as Agricultural residue and grasses, is also being
developed as a feedstock for ethanol production.
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4. 1st Generation ofBioethanol
Sugars
extract ferment
ethanol
BRAZIL
sugarcane
(sucrose)
Sugars ethanol
USA
(starch)
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5. LIGNOCELLULOSIC
AGRICULTURAL WASTES…
Rice Straw Wheat Straw
Corn stover Sugarcane Bagasse
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6. Composition of Lignocellulose
Cellulose
Hemicelluloses
Lignin
Hemicellulose
(both 5and 6 carbon sugars)
Extractives
Ash
Lignin (phenols)
Cellulose (6 carbon sugars)
Chapple, 2006;Ladisch, 1979, 2006
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7. Cellulose hemicellulose
lignin
lignocellulose
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8. Pretreatment
Break down the
shield formed by
lignin and
hemicellulose
Open the fiber
structure
Reduce the
degree of
polymerization of
cellulose.
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9. EnzymaticHydrolysis
Pretreated
Lignocellulose
Pentose and
hexose + lignin and
lignin degradation
Enzymatic
Hydrolysis
cellulose
hemicellulose
glucose
glucose + xylose+ other
C5 and C6 sugars
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10. Bioethanol Production
Sugar fermentation
– Hydrolysis process breaks down the biomass
cellulosic portion into sugar solutions which will
then be fermented into ethanol.
– Yeast is added and heated to the solution.
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11. Fermentation reaction
 The fructose and glucose sugars react with
zymase to produce ethanol and carbon dioxide.
 Fermentation process is carried out at a
temperature of between 303-311K.
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12. 2nd Generation ofBioethanol
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13. DuPont's Cellulosic Ethanol
Plant
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14. Advantages
• Greenhouse gasesreduce
– Ethanol-blended fuels such asE85(85%ethanol and15%
gasoline) reduce up to37.1% of GreenHouseGases
• Any plant can be use for production of bioethanol
– It only has to contain sugar and starch
• Carbon neutral
– The CO2 released in the bioethanol production process
is the same amount asthe one the crops previously
absorbed during photosynthesis
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15. CO2–Neutral?
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16. CONCLUSION
 It can be a viable alternative in long run since it’s
based on renewable sources
 Potential way of reducing carbon dioxide
emissions from transport sector
 Additional benefits to farmers since lignocellulosic
biomass also will be a product of some economic
value
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17. REFRENCES
• Lee J. Biological conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to ethanol.
Journal of Biotechnology 1997;56:1-24.
• Domínguez-Bocanegra AR, Torres-Muñoz JA, López RA.
Production of Bioethanol from agro-industrial wastes. Fuel
2015;149:85–9.
• Balat M, Balat H. Recent trends in global production and utilization
of bioethanol fuel. Applied Energy 2009;86:2273–82.
• Sarkar N, Ghosh S, Bannerjee S, Aikat K. Bioethanol production
from agri- cultural wastes: an overview. Renew Energy
2012;37:19–27.
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18. THANK YOU
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