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Group behavior
and
team Dynamics
Meaning of group
A group refers to the association of two or more persons
interacting among themselves for the achievement of common
goal.
Classification of Group
Why Do People Form Groups?
Security: Individuals can reduce the insecurity of “standing
alone”
Status: It provides recognition and status.
Self-esteem: It provides people the feelings of self-worth.
Affiliation: It can fulfill individuals social needs.
Power: It often makes what can not be achieved by individuals
possible.
Goal Achievement: The use of formal group w/ talent,
knowledge, or power to achieve a particular task.
The Five Stages Model of Group Development
Group Property
Role
Role
Norms
Classes of Norms:
 Performance norms
 Appearance norms
 Social arrangement norms
 Allocation of resources norms
Norms
Status
Status
Power a person has over others
Ability to contribute to group goals
Personal characteristics
What Determines Status?
The power a person wields over others
A person’s ability to contribute to a group’s goals
An individual’s personal characteristics
Size
Social Loafing: One of the most important findings related
to the size of group has been labeled as social loafing.
Cohesiveness
The degree to which members of the group
 are attracted to each other and
motivated to stay in the group.
Related to the group’s productivity
Increasing group cohesiveness:
 Make the group smaller.
 Encourage agreement with group goals.
 Increase time members spend together.
 Increase group status and admission difficultly.
 Stimulate competition with other groups.
 Give rewards to the group, not individuals.
 Physically isolate the group.
RelationshipBetweenGroupCohesiveness,Performance,
Norms&Productivity
Group Decision Making
Groupversusthe individual:
 Strengths
 More complete
information
 Increased diversity of
views
 Higher quality of
decisions
 Increased acceptance of
solutions
 Weaknesses
 More time consuming
 Increased pressure to
conform
 Domination by one or a
few members
 Ambiguous responsibility
Group Decision Making
GroupthinkandGroupShift
Group Decision Making Techniques
Team
A team is a group of two or more people
who interact and influence each other,
are mutually accountable for achieving
common objectives, and perceive
themselves as a social
unit within the Organization.
Why have teams become so popular?
Teams typically outperform individuals.
Teams use employee talents better.
Teams are more flexible and responsive to
changes in the environment.
Teams facilitate employee involvement.
Teams are an effective way to democratize
and organization and increase motivation.
Differencebetweengroupsandteams
BASIS FOR
COMPARISON
GROUP TEAM
Meaning
A collection of individuals who work
together in completing a task.
A group of persons having
collective identity joined
together, to accomplish a goal.
Leadership Only one leader More than one
Members Independent Interdependent
Process Discuss, Decide and Delegate. Discuss, Decide and Do.
Work Products Individual Collective
Focus on Accomplishing individual goals. Accomplishing team goals.
Accountability Individually Either individually or mutually
Comparing Work Groups and Work Teams
Types of Teams
Types of Teams
Turning Individuals Into Team Players:
The Challenges
• Overcoming individual resistance to team membership.
• Countering the influence of individualistic cultures.
• Introducing teams in an organization that has historically
valued individual achievement.
Shaping Team Players:
• Selecting employees who can fulfill their team.
A Team- Effectiveness Model:
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Organizational Behavior

  • 2. Meaning of group A group refers to the association of two or more persons interacting among themselves for the achievement of common goal.
  • 4. Why Do People Form Groups?
  • 5. Security: Individuals can reduce the insecurity of “standing alone” Status: It provides recognition and status. Self-esteem: It provides people the feelings of self-worth. Affiliation: It can fulfill individuals social needs. Power: It often makes what can not be achieved by individuals possible. Goal Achievement: The use of formal group w/ talent, knowledge, or power to achieve a particular task.
  • 6. The Five Stages Model of Group Development
  • 10. Norms Classes of Norms:  Performance norms  Appearance norms  Social arrangement norms  Allocation of resources norms
  • 11. Norms
  • 12. Status Status Power a person has over others Ability to contribute to group goals Personal characteristics
  • 13. What Determines Status? The power a person wields over others A person’s ability to contribute to a group’s goals An individual’s personal characteristics
  • 14. Size Social Loafing: One of the most important findings related to the size of group has been labeled as social loafing.
  • 15. Cohesiveness The degree to which members of the group  are attracted to each other and motivated to stay in the group. Related to the group’s productivity
  • 16. Increasing group cohesiveness:  Make the group smaller.  Encourage agreement with group goals.  Increase time members spend together.  Increase group status and admission difficultly.  Stimulate competition with other groups.  Give rewards to the group, not individuals.  Physically isolate the group.
  • 18. Group Decision Making Groupversusthe individual:  Strengths  More complete information  Increased diversity of views  Higher quality of decisions  Increased acceptance of solutions  Weaknesses  More time consuming  Increased pressure to conform  Domination by one or a few members  Ambiguous responsibility
  • 20. Group Decision Making Techniques
  • 21. Team A team is a group of two or more people who interact and influence each other, are mutually accountable for achieving common objectives, and perceive themselves as a social unit within the Organization.
  • 22. Why have teams become so popular? Teams typically outperform individuals. Teams use employee talents better. Teams are more flexible and responsive to changes in the environment. Teams facilitate employee involvement. Teams are an effective way to democratize and organization and increase motivation.
  • 23. Differencebetweengroupsandteams BASIS FOR COMPARISON GROUP TEAM Meaning A collection of individuals who work together in completing a task. A group of persons having collective identity joined together, to accomplish a goal. Leadership Only one leader More than one Members Independent Interdependent Process Discuss, Decide and Delegate. Discuss, Decide and Do. Work Products Individual Collective Focus on Accomplishing individual goals. Accomplishing team goals. Accountability Individually Either individually or mutually
  • 24. Comparing Work Groups and Work Teams
  • 27. Turning Individuals Into Team Players: The Challenges • Overcoming individual resistance to team membership. • Countering the influence of individualistic cultures. • Introducing teams in an organization that has historically valued individual achievement. Shaping Team Players: • Selecting employees who can fulfill their team.