Hamza Al-Jaghbeer - Training Report Presentation - Yarmouk Univ. - Hijjawi

Yarmouk University
Hijjawi Faculty for Engineering Technology
Telecommunications Engineering Department
1
Training Report Presentation
Name Hamza M. Al-Jaghbeer
Student Number 2011973096
Training Supervisor Prof. Mohammed Bataineh
Training Period 28/06/2015 to 28/12/2015
Company Orange Jordan

Outline
• Introduction
• Training Schedule
• Mobile Access Team - (BSS)
• Transmission Team - (Fiber)
• Mobile Access Team - (RF)
• Personal Experience
• Conclusion
TrainingReportPresentation
2

Introduction
• Graduate Training is an important phase of a student life. A well
planned, properly executed and evaluated industrial training helps
a lot in developing a professional attitude. It develops an
awareness of industrial approach to problem solving, based on a
broad understanding of process and mode of operation of
organization.
• During a period of Six months training at Orange Jordan (OJO),
most of the theoretical knowledge that has been gained during
the course of studies is put to test.
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• Orange Jordan is a leading provider of integrated communications services in the
Kingdom, with a broad lineup of fixed, mobile and Internet services and an
expanding customer base now exceeding 4 million. Today, the company constitutes
the backbone of Jordan’s ICT landscape.
• Shortly after, the operator also became the first in the Kingdom to introduce 4G
connectivity in several areas in Amman preceding the network’s full launch. This
has allowed Orange subscribers to experience the many benefits of 4G
connections free of charge. In January 2015, the operator announced that it had
obtained the license for frequencies within the 1800 MHz from the
Telecommunications Regulatory Commission, in return for a JD71 million
investment. These frequencies were earmarked for the full-scale commercial
launch of its 4G network, which is to take place in 2015.
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• Training Period Specifying
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S. No. From To Department Location
1 28/06/2015 22/08/2016 Mobile Access Team - (BSS) Orange Training Center
2 23/08/2015 05/09/2015 Transmission Team - (Fiber) Orange Training Center
3 06/09/2015 Present Mobile Access Team - (RF) Orange Training Center

Mobile Access Team - (BSS)
• Switchroom (Data center)
• Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)
• Troubleshooting
• Tools
• GSM (2G)
• UMTS (3G)
• LTE (4G)
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• 3G Network Architecture:
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SD
Mobile Station
MSC/
VLR
Base Station
Subsystem
GMSC
Network Subsystem
AUCEIR HLR
Other Networks
Note: Interfaces have been omitted for clarity purposes.
GGSN
SGSN
BTS
BSC
Node
B
RNC
RNS
UTRAN
SIM
ME
USIM
ME
+
PSTN
PLMN
Internet

• BSS Components:
1- User Equipment (UE)
2- NodeB
3-Radio Network Controller (RNC)
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1- User Equipment (UE)
The UE is the equipment used to access the network. The UE consists of two
independent parts:
• UMTS Subscriber Identity Module (uSIM) card
• Mobile Equipment (ME)
A SIM card is an electronic smart card which stores information about the
subscription. The ME is the actual telephone terminal
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1- Mobile Station (UE) –Mobile Equipment
o Transmission and reception for EM waves
o Decoding/Encoding for the signals
o Measurements made in:
o Idle Mode  Cell Selection and Reselection
o Active Mode  Call Handover between cell.
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1- Mobile Station (UE) –
SIM Cards
A key feature of the 3G standard is the Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) card. A
SIM card contains information about the subscriber and must be plugged into the
ME to enable the subscriber to use the network.
The SIM stores three types of subscriber related information:
• Fixed data stored before the subscription is sold: e.g. IMSI,
authentication key and security algorithms.
• Temporary network data: e.g. the location area of the subscriber and
forbidden PLMNs (Public Land Mobile network)
• Service data: e.g. language preference, advice of charge
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Cellular systems:
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Cell :
is the geographical area covered by a Radio waves from a
cellular telephone transmitter.

Hand over:
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Hand over:
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Is the process of transferring an ongoing call or data session from one channel or cell
to another without interrupting the service.

4 Types of HO in UMTS (3G):
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Hard Handover (3G):
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SoftHandover(3G):
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SOFTER HANDOVER (3G):
The UE is connected simultaneously to two
sectors from the same NodeB

Inter-RAT/IntersystemoriRAThandover
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3G Handover Events
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 Main 3G Handover events:
1. E1a: a Primary CPICH enters the reporting range, i.e. add a cell to active set.
2. E1b: a primary CPICH leaves the reporting range, i.e. removed a cell from
active set.
3. E1c: a non-active primary CPICH becomes better than an active primary
CPICH, i.e. replace a cell.
4. E1d: change of best cell.
 Active Set:
 is defined as the set of 3G Cells that the UE is simultaneously connected to it.
 Usually the maximum number of cells in active set can be 3

2- NodeB
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2- NodeB -Cont.
Each NodeB shall have its own configuration that is loaded prior to system
startup, including:
1. Transmitter and receiver frequencies
2. Maximum output power
3. Scrambling Code (SC)
4. In addition to some basic parameters (i.e cell name, cell Id, ..etc)
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• Huawei Cabinets
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2- NodeB -Cont.
The NodeB contains:
1. Antennas and Feeders
2. Radio Units (RU/remote RU)
3. Processing Boards
4. Transmission Boards
UMPTb2 panel
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2- NodeB -Cont.
Antenna System:
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2- NodeB -Cont.
Radio Units:
1- Modulation
2- Signal Amplification (in TX and Rx)
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2- NodeB -Cont.
Base Band Processing:
1- Channel Coding
2- Ciphering
3- Interleaving
4- Adaptive Equalization
Example for BBU boards:
1. Ericsson: DUW31/41
2. Huawei: UBBPd3/6
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2- NodeB -Cont.
Transmission Boards:
1- Provides the physical connectivity to Transmission network
Example for Transmission boards:
1. Ericsson: DUW31/TCU
2. Huawei: UMPT
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2- NodeB –Types and Products
NodeB Cabinet Types (in terms of capacity):
1- Pico NodeB : Very Low Capacity, One sector Only, Very low output power, Low cost
2- Micro NodeB : Low Capacity, Low Num. of Sectors (usually one), Low output power, Medium cost
3- Macro NodeB : High Capacity, High Number of Sectors, High output power, High cost
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Huawei
Cabinets
Ericsson
Cabinets

• Switchroom (Data center)
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• A data center is a facility used to house computer
systems and associated components, such
as telecommunications and storage systems.
• It generally includes redundant or backup power
supplies, redundant data communications
connections, environmental controls (e.g., air
conditioning, fire suppression) and various security
devices. Large data centers are industrial scale
operations using as much electricity as a small
town
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• General Troubleshooting Process
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• LTE Fault and Type
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• Observe Panel Indicators
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•Check The eNodeB connectivity
with M2000
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• Trace the Route on the M2000
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• Troubleshooting VSWR Faults
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Transmission Team - (Fiber)
•Fusion Splicing of Fiber Optics
•Optical Time domain Reflectometer
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Optical Fiber
An optical fiber ( or fiber ) is a glass or plastic
fiber that carries light along it’s length.
It has two main component layers: A Core & A
Cladding.
Light is kept in the “core” of optical fiber.
Cladding is for the protection of fiber.
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Fusion Splicing of Fiber Optics
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 A fusion splice is a way of joining two fiber cores by
melting the ends together using an electric arc.
 A splicing machine is used because an extremely high
degree of accuracy is needed, the machine first has to
align the cores and then apply the exact amount of heat
to melt the ends before pressing them together.
 Splicing can be carried out using a mechanical splice but
these only hold the fiber ends together, precisely aligned
but not permanently joined
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• FUSIONSPLICINGSTEPS
• There are four basic steps to fusion splicing
1 - Strip back all coatings down to the bare fibers
and clean using isopropyl alcohol.
2 - Cleave the fibers using a precision cleaving tool
and put the heat shrink tube on to one of the ends.
3 - Fuse the fibers together in the fusion splicer.
4 - Put the heat shrink protector on the fiber joint.
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• Optical Time domain Reflectometer
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• OTDR Working Principle (1)
• OTDR (Optical Time Domain Reflectometer) is a
versatile portable instrument that is used widely
to evaluate the characteristics of an installed
fiber optic link.
• It also measures optical fiber parameters such as
attenuation, length, optical connector and
splices loss.
• OTDR technology is designed to provide a single
ended test of any cable.
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OTDR Working Principle (2)
• The resulting signal forms a graph called a
TRACE. The trace is a visual representation of the
backscattering coefficient created by the OTDR
to determine the “events.” The trace shows the
“events” on the fiber optic link such as breaks,
splice loss, bends, attenuation and distance
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OTDR Range
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• Trace Analysis
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• Site Survey for new sites
• RF Tools
• Distributed Antenna Systems
• In-Building Solution for Signal Enhancement
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• Survey Purpose
Collectthesiteinformationrequiredby
thenetworkingplanningandenvironment
description.Checkwhetherthesitemeetsthe
requirementsofconstruction.
• Survey task
• Optical test
• Surrounding architecture environment and nature
environment
• Site check
• Installation condition of antenna and equipment
• Power supply and transmission supply
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• Preparation
• Be familiar with the engineering and collect the
materials that is related to the project :
• Engineering document
• Background material
• Network status
• Map
• Configuration list
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• Prepare the following tools that are available:
• Digital camera
• GPS satellite receiver
• Compass
• Ruler
• Laptop
Preparation

• Site Selection
• After completing preparation and knowing about the coverage
requirements, start to select site.
When confirming the site, consider the following information:
• Original network condition
• Population distribution and local custom
• City structure and town distribution
• Main streets and traffic flow
• Mountainous region, lake, river, and coastline
• Long-term development trend
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• Distributed Antenna Systems
• A distributed antenna system, or DAS, is a
network of spatially separated antenna nodes
connected to a common source via a transport
medium that provides wireless service within a
geographic area or structure.
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• Coax Cable
• Splitters
• Taps/Uneven Splitters
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• Passive Components

• In-Building Solution
Pico Repeater
CEL-FI
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• Pico Repeater
• The Pico Repeater is a bi-directional amplifier used to enhance
signals between a mobile and a base station in a mobile
network. It has been designed to increase signal strength in
small and medium sized areas such as offices, shops, and
basements. By boosting the signal level the Pico Repeater
increases indoor coverage and allows high data rate
connectivity.
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• Andrew MRx18 gives designers a simple tool to solve their
small area coverage and performance issues, The MRx18 are
easy to install. The RF link (donor) towards the base station is
typically fed from an outdoor antenna while the coverage area
is fed by an indoor antenna. The opportunity to adjust the
pass-band of repeater helps to cover any specific segment or
frequency band.
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• CEL-FI
• Cel-Fi is a smart signal booster designed to eliminate in-
building dead zones and improve indoor mobile phone
reception for 3G and 4G voice and data. Cel-Fi can create a
large coverage bubble which automatically adjusts to the size
of the indoor environment served - making it ideal for multi-
level homes and medium sized businesses.
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• DAS Tools
• iBwave
iBwave Solutions is a telecom radio planning software
provider that develops solutions for the in-building wireless
industry. iBwave is best known for its software iBwave Design,
mostly used by telecom operators, system integrators and
equipment vendors. iBwave is a Canadian-based company that
was founded in 2003 and is headquartered in Montreal
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Link Budget Report (1)
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Link Budget Report (2)
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Equipment List Report
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•Personal Experience
• BSS Team:
• Analyzing network KPIs in order to improve network quality
performance.
• Very Good experience in Microsoft Office (Word, Excel, and PowerPoint).
• Very Good experience in Business Object, PRS and Map Info.
• Trained to optimize 2G and 3G system to achieve what's
needed in covering Area and the quality of services by doing the
following things:
- Understanding GSM Network's structure.
- Understanding UMTS Network structure.
- Monitoring the sites and the statistics related to the Service of this site.
- Understanding the signaling operation's in GSM network.
- Monitoring the logical and physical channel in GSM network to find the
problems in these channels that might affect the Network performance.
- Tilting (electrical, mechanical) the antennas to achieve the coverage
that we need
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Fiber Team
• Testing optical fiber links by using different optical testing
devices such as (Optical Time Domain Reflectometer
(OTDR), and analyzing the test results
• Optical fiber three types jointing Fusion splicing
• New cable installation or changing cable pieces of live
network in effected area
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 RF Team:
• Site Survey for new sitesa to achieve coverage and
capacity targets.
• Perform site candidate evaluation.
• Knowledgeable in Optimization.
• Follow up on Customers Complaints and ensure high
Customer Satisfaction.
• Designed In-Building Solution for Signal Enhancement.
• Very Good experience in Testing tools like Nemo Handy.
• Familiar with Pico Repeater and Cel-Fi (Cell Phone Signal
Booster) solutions.
•
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• Courses
1. GSM SYSTEM SURVEY
2. WCDMA System Overview
3. LTE System Overview
4. LTE Air Interface
5. LTE Signaling and Protocols
6. eNodeB LTE V100r007 Product Description
7. eNodeB LTE V100R007 Operation
8. eNodeB LTE V100R007 Operation Practice Guide
9. eNodeB LTE V100R007 Data Introduction
10. eNodeB LTE V100R007 Initial Configuration by MML
11. eNodeB LTE V100R007 Troubleshooting
12. Optical Fiber
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• Conclusion
• With all gratitude I conclude that this training at Orange
Jordan was a turning point of my life. This was a great chance
for me to understand our profession in greater detail in both
technical and managerial aspect.
• It has given me a great experience in the field of
Telecommunications Engineering. In this training I have learnt
what latest trends in Telecommunications Engineering are.
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Hamza Al-Jaghbeer - Training Report Presentation - Yarmouk Univ. - Hijjawi

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