isomerism

1. Presenter Name: Ijaz ullah
Roll #: 42
Department: Biochemistry
Program : M.Sc
Semester: 1st
Subject : Biochemistry-I
Presentation Topic: Isomerism in lipids,
Storage of lipids

2. ISOMERISM IN LIPIDS
 Cis and trans isomerism is found in unsaturated
fats, because of the presence of double bond .
 The specific isomerism present in a particular
lipid have significant effects on the lipid s,
structure properties and function in living
organisms.
 This geometric isomerism is shown when the
double is present tin the middle on any where
else in the chain except for the terminal
position.

3. Cis isomerism:
 The orientation of the substitutes on the same side the
double bond result in the cis bond formation, as

4. GEOMETRY :
 Due to presence of same substituent on the
same side ,the two substituent repel each other
which causes a kink in the chain as above .
 So the cis isomers are always bent or kinked
preventing cis fstty acids from packing closely
together.
Functional properties:
 The isoe packing of the cis isomer helps to
maintain the fluidity as in cellular membranes.
 This also gives the lipid a typical liquid state on
room temperature.

5. TRANS ISOMERSM :
 If the same substituent lie on the
opposite side of the double bond the
isomer will be trans as
Geometry:
 Trans isomer are structurally similar to saturated fatty
acids because the hydrocarbon chain dose not contain
a kink.
 Both saturated and Tran fatty acids pack closely
together as monomers when they are present in fats.
 Trans isomers do not alter the geometry of the fats.

6. Functional:
 Trans fatty acids are present in natural foods.
 They also raise blood cholesterol levels
particular of LDL cholesterol.
 Trans fatty acids reduce the HDL cholesterol
and can raise the risk of coronary heart
disease.

7. How are lipids stored in the body?
 Lipids such as cholesterol, cholesteryl esters and
triglycerides are stored in your body primarily in
specialized fat cells called adipocytes, which comprise
a specialized fatty tissue called adipose tissue.
 Stored lipids can be derived from thelipids in your
diet or from lipids that your body synthesizes.
 Adipocytes have an almost unlimited capacity to
store lipids in cell organelles called lipid droplets,
which can grow to a very large size.
 Although adipose tissue has essential
functions in your body, excessive lipid storage
can compromise cell function.

8. THANK YOU!