Special treatment approach topic in counseling. Using video and audio as a means for intervention with clients and children. Using Audio and Videograph as a biofeedback device in the clinical setting/as a treatment intervention.

1. LIFE THROUGH THE
LENS:
AUDIO and
VIDEOGRAPH
BIOFEEDBACK in
COUNSELING
[A/V-FEEDBACK]
FOR CHILDREN &
ADOLESCENCE
Special Topics Project in Counseling
CO 543-91
Dr. P. Moon
University of West Alabama
Jacob R. Stotler
July 23, 2020
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_CXmkTCXbek

2. A/V-BIOFEEDBACK SESSIONS WITH CHILDREN AND
ADOLESCENTS: INTERVETNTION TREATMENT
TITLE PAGE
MODALITIES – Using A/V-Biofeedback what system would we use?
BIOFEEDBACK – What is biofeedback?
HISTORY – Chaining to present day, where this application still is not widely accepted.
APPLICATION/USE – Case presentation.
RESEARCH – Recent research on the biofeedback using audio or video as a dimension or tool in
treatment.
AV-FEEDBACK – What is the use? Treatment for what? What is included?
CASE STUDY
A/V-BIOFEEDBACK TREATMENT– What is the treatment mechanism using AV-Feedback?
REFERENCES

3. COUNSELING MODALITY
MULTIDIMENSIONAL SYNCRETISM
Behavioral Therapy – Behaviors as a focus of therapy.
Brief Counseling – Solution focused, brief, “putting problems in video talk.”
CBT – Thoughts and actions are major united components of being.
Rational Emotive – Role-playing, conditioning, suggestion, support help
clients change.
A Gestalt Exercise –Exercising “making it happen,” “clients get the most
when prepared.” Sharing reactions with clients, feedback that creates
awareness, reliving is in the here and now.
Person-Centered – problem, feelings, intensity, expectations.
Reality Therapy – Total behavior, satisfying pictures of quality world
leads to better thinking and actions. Relationships on this path.
Individual psychology – “we paint a picture and strive for perfection”
(Henderson & Thompson, 2016)

4. BIOFEEDBACK
• Biofeedback is an application in treatment
and counseling in which the clinician(s)
utilize a technological means for providing
client with real-time feedback about their
physiological state, implementation,
thought or behavior.
• One example of biofeedback is
neurofeedback using the
Electroencephalography device to measure
and display the brain waves (in real time)
that the client is producing.
• Another example of biofeedback is health-
bit information (seen in photo below).
• One way that we use biofeedback in the
clinic is to establish an accurate,
dependable, and supplementary way for the
client to acknowledge movement, change
and power, and to gain the congruent
awareness of these powers, impulses,
reactions or systems.

5. HISTORY & DEVELOPMENT of A/V BIOFEEDBACK
• Microcounseling (Ivey et. Al, 1968).
• Research using videograph, audiograph for
personal of generalized findings, meanings and
applications:
• Bandura, Social Learning theory (1961) [photos
courtesy].
• Milgrim, Shocking experiment (1963).
• Winston Churchill, learning from mirror.
• Children learn in “circular reactions” (Hollingsworth,
2018, p.139).
• Researchers recommend “educating/raising awareness
to psychiatric inpatients about the location of security
cameras (Due to affect surveillance has on human
obedience”), where “filmed data becomes an essential
part of the treatment at a psychiatric facility”
(Stolovy, Melamed & Afrek, 2015, p.276).
• Hafskjold, Sundling, Dulmen, Eide (2017)– record
audios of Nurse’s aides and patient interactions, they
transcribe these interactions (shocking). 48% of
nursing staff-emotion focused.

6. BIOFEEDBACK USING the AUDIO or VIDEOGRAPH
• ROI – Region of Interest Brain-imaging approach. Focusing on
the areas that are abnormal, strengthening the normalized
constellations, a priori weakening other connections.
• We see evidence in the use of Audio and videograph (personal)
biofeedback in paper by Stotler, (2020) -theorized that this
type of biofeedback could “minimize and assist children/clients
to strategize about their behaviors and impulsive actions, in a
plan, after a behavioral episode, ongoing to build skills.
• Highlighted is “person’s willingness to change; client may be most
motivated after baring firsthand witness to their behaviors.” No other
method of counseling allows for such a microscopic view of maladaptive
or deconstructive behaviors.
• Is short application (few sessions for major advances),
continuing treatment increases success.
• One way that we use biofeedback in the clinic is to sensitize.
• Establish an accurate, supplementary way for the client to
acknowledge movement, change, disadvantage, and power.
• Gain the congruent awareness of impulses, reactions or
systems within and from
• Should become easier due to telehealth and APPs and other
technologies that are becoming more readily promoted.

7. CONCEPTS
Concepts addressed:
• Verbiage.
• Vocabulary.
• Habits.
• Mannerisms.
• Cycles.
• Patterns.
• Mistakes.
• Direction-changes.
• Opportunities.
• Understanding.
• Psycholinguistics.
• Body language.
• Avoidance.

8. BIOFEEDBACK USING the AUDIO or VIDEOGRAPH
• Biofeedback as a therapeutic tool obviously has
been used for decades (Blackbox on airplanes).
• “94% of High schools are known to use camera
technologies (National Center Educational
Statistics, 2019).
• AV-Biofeedback is not much currently used in
counseling or even in school situations, for the
individuals themselves to review, debrief and
utilize.
• In inpatient institutions where behaviors can be
major problems to affecting the milieu, using
counseling modalities and clinician debriefings
about behaviors, language and situations can be
very affective for several reasons.
• Epigenetics and “gene-environment
interaction” regarding awareness built with
individual biofeedback systems is important
(Wicks-Nelson & Israel, 2016, p.234).

9. PERSONAL BIOFEEDBACK A/V-BIOFEEDBACK AS TREATMENT
Biofeedback as a therapeutic tool is relevant to treatment
and treatment approaches towards betterment, wellness,
correction, education and success for, or can lead to
awareness and cognitive-beh. Restructuring (info-
processing) and treatment for:
• Hyperactivity
• Impulsive behaviors
• Confrontational children
• High-risk behaviors
• Dysregulation
• Children with conduct issues or conduct disorders
• Intermittent explosive disorder
• Delay aversion
• Problems with organization and planning
• Agnosia, anosognosia
• Language, speech-sound disorders
• Avoidant personality
• Tourette’s
• Inattentiveness/attentional blindness
• Episodes
• Obsessive compulsive
• Anxiety
• Dissociative disorders
• Sleep Apnea
• Circadian rhythm disorders
• Sleep walking
• Kleptomania
• Induce more mindful language – social skills and precise
brevity (for speech, presentation, transcription).
• Work on personality characteristics
• Emotional intelligence
• Aligning regretfulness with initial goals.
• Ever in time- behavioral approach, development monitoring
• Biopsychocognitive-behavioral, interpersonal and family
systems (American Psychiatric Association, 2013)

10. CASE STUDY I & II
Biofeedback as a therapeutic tool is relevant to
treatment and treatment approaches towards
betterment and may be the best tool for
biopsychosocial-emotional awareness needed for the
evolution of appropriate individual psychology
painting a picture and striving for perfection
(heuristically).
11-year-old male having problems at school
including:
Fights, confrontations, tantrums, harsh interactions,
obscene language, threats, outbursts, attacks.
Biofeedback intervention used:
Behavioral Interview approach (Next slide).
Observation, discussion, process-feedback,
simulate, practice approach (Individual psychology).
Meeting with counselors, staff, parents and with
child and watching the videos, or hearing the audios
and processing and interpretations.

11. TREATMENT APPROACH
Syncretism between modalities of Behavioral therapy, Person-Centered,
Individual psychology, Rational Emotive, CBT, DBT System using:
Step 1.: Describe/identifying behavioral and define the limits and unique problems with behavior.
Step 2.: Determine how severe and how often the behavior occurs or may occur (informant’s view & child’s view).
Step 3.: Establish goals (SMART goals – giving behaviors within interactions grades –wanting above 80%).
Step 4.: Plan for change, teach skills, educate, enhance, calling child to see videos and hear recordings of themselves.
Step 5.: Frequent meetings with recordings, meeting with A/V-graphs when needed (after confrontations or presentations of behaviors working to prevent).
Step 6.: Measure progress (over time) 1-week to 6-months
Step 7.: Behavioral therapy recognizes (reinforce accomplishment) – established by witnessing behaviors change (in real time in front of them in real scenarios).
Step 8.: Maintain Plan – utilize the plan with many kids (in IEPs) or throughout their school system – elementary, middle, Jr. High, Sr. High. (Henderson &
Thompson, 2016, p.252).

12. REFERENCES
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). ISBN: 978-0-89042-554-1.
Ivey, A., Normington, C., Miller, C., Morrill, W & Haase, R. (1968). Microcounseling and attending behavior: an approach to prepracticum counselor training. Journal of counseling psychology, monograph
supplement, 15(5), 1-12. Retrieved July 24, 2020 from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/232471493_Micro-counseling_and_attending_behavior_An_approach_to_pre-
practicum_counselor_training_Monograph_supplement#fullTextFileContent.
Hafskjold, L, Sundling, V., Dulmen, S., Eide, H. (2017). The use of supportive communication when responding to older people’s emotional distress in home care- An observational study. BMC Nursing 16(24) 1-
12. DOI: 10.1186/s12912-017-0220-8.
Hollingsworth, M.A. (2018) Theories of lifespan Development. New York: NY, Linus Learning. Acton, MA: XanEdu.
Henderson, D. & Thompson, C. (2016). Counseling children ed. 9. Cengage Learning. ISBN 978-1-285-4645-1.
National Center for Educational Statistics. (2019). School safety and security measures. National center for educational statistics. Retrieved July 23, 2020 from https://nces.ed.gov/fastfacts/display.asp?id=334.
Stolovy, T., Melamed, Y., Afek, A. (2015). Video surveillance in mental health facilities: is it ethical? Israel Medical Association Journal 17(5), 247-276. Retrieved July 24, 2020 from
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26137651/.
Stotler, J. (2019). Teaching techniques No. 5 refusal skills: teaching technique by nuanced health applications such as personalized biofeedback sessions. [Slideshare paper]. Retrieved July 23,2020 from
https://www.slideshare.net/JacobStotler/teaching-tech-personal-biofeedback-using-audio-and-videograph-technologies-stotler2019.
Wicks-Nelson, R. & Israel, A. (2015). Abnormal child and adolescent psychology with DSM-V updates, ed. 8. Psychology press. ISBN:9780133766927 (hbk).