Help students understand grammar.

1. PRESENT PERFECT
We use present perfect to talk about actions that were done in the past
but they have a direct link to the present moment.
My father arrived home at two o’clock.
My father has just arrived home.
We don’ know if he is
at home now.
He is at home now.
I watched Beast and Beauty when I
was six.
I watched it once.
Since the day I
watched it for the first
time up to the present
moment.
I have watched Beast and Beauty ten
times.

2. PRESENT PERFECT
We use present perfect to:
a) Talk about an action that was done a few moments or a little time ago.
USEFUL
TIME
COMPLE-
MENTS
just
recently
affirmative
SUBJECT HAVE JUST PARTICIPLE COMPLEMENTS
I
HAVEN’T
just finished my homework.
She has visited Rome recently.
negative
SUBJECT
Tim
have
hasn´t
JUST
just
PARTICIPLE
arrived.
COMPLEMENTS
recently.The Jones haven´t phoned

3. PRESENT PERFECT
interrogative
HAVE SUBJECT JUST PARTICIPLE COMPLEMENTS ?
We use present perfect to:
a) Talk about an action that was done a few moments or a little time ago.
Has
Have
Jane
you
just bought
seen
a red jacket
recently
?
?them
Yes,
No,
she
I
has.
haven’t.

4. PRESENT PERFECT
We use present perfect to:
b) Talk about your personal experience about something (from birth to the present).
USEFUL
TIME
COMPLE-
MENTS
ever
never
interrogative
SUBJECTHAVE EVER PARTICIPLE COMPLEMENTS
you
HAVE
ever read Don Quixote
affirmative
SUBJECT
I
Have
have
PARTICIPLE
read
COMPLEMENTS
neverI have read
once
twice
three
times
…
?
?
it four times.(Yes,)
negative
SUBJECT HAVE NEVER PARTICIPLE COMPLEMENTS
(No,) Don Quixote.

5. PRESENT PERFECT
We use present perfect to:
c) Talk about an action that started in the past and still goes on.
USEFUL
TIME
COMPLE-
MENTS
for
since
HAVE
affirmative
SUBJECT
I have
PARTICIPLE
worked
COMPLEMENTS
He hasn’t played
in Madrid for ten years.
negative
SUBJECT HAVEN’T PARTICIPLE COMPLEMENTS
tennis
for period of time+
since + the starting moment
I have worked in Madrid since the year 2000.
for two months.
He hasn’t tennis since December.played

6. PRESENT PERFECT
We use present perfect to:
d) Ask and answer about the end of an action that started in the past.
USEFUL
TIME
COMPLE-
MENTS
already
(affirmative)
yet
(negative and
interrogative)
yet at the end
between the subject and the verb
already between ‘have’ and the participle
interrogative
Have you finished your homework ?yet
affirmative
(Yes,) I have already finished my homework.
negative
(No,) I haven’t finished yet.
still
still
(negative)
(No,) I still haven’t finished.

7. PRESENT PERFECT
We use present perfect to:
d) Ask and answer about the end of an action that started in the past.
USEFUL
TIME
COMPLE-
MENTS
already
(affirmative)
yet
(negative and
interrogative)
yet at the end
between the subject and the verb
already between ‘have’ and the participle
interrogative
Have you finished your homework ?yet
affirmative
(Yes,) I have already finished my homework.
negative
(No,) I haven’t finished yet.
still
still
(negative)
(No,) I still haven’t finished.