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Measurement, Assessment and Evaluation
Assessment involves
several measurement
processes in order to arrive
with quantified results.
Measurement is an important part of assessment.
Some assessment results come in the forms of
quantitative values that enable the use of further
analysis.
The common tools used to measure
variables in the educational setting are
tests, questionnaires, inventories,
rubrics, checklists, surveys and
others.
When assessment results are used to make
decisions and come up with judgments, then
evaluation takes place.
Evaluation is arrived when the necessary
measurement and assessment have taken place.
In order to evaluate whether a student will be
retained or promoted to the next level, different
aspects of the student’s performance were
carefully assessed and measured such as the
grades and conduct.
To evaluate whether the remedial
program in math is effective, the
students’ improvement in math, teachers’
teaching performance, and whether
students’ attitudes towards math
changed should be carefully assessed.
Different measures are used to assess
different aspects of 7 the remedial
program to come up with an evaluation.
Types of Tests
 Explain and distinguish the different
types of tests
Objectives:
P
U
R
P
O
S
E
Psychological Educational
Used to assess a variety of mental abilities
and attributes, including achievement and
ability, personality, and neurological
functioning.
Used to measure the result
of instructions and
learning (eg. Achievement
Test, Performance test)
Personality – evaluate the thoughts,
emotions, attitudes, and behavioral traits that
comprise personality
i.e. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory
Intelligence – mental ability of an individual
Achievement and Ability tests – measure the
level of a child’s intellectual functioning and
cognitive ability
i.e. Standford-Binet intelligence scales
Diagnostic – strengths and
weaknesses
Proficiency- people’s
ability in language
Achievement – student’s
performance in academic areas
Aptitude – numerical reasoning,
verbal reasoning, speed, accuracy, etc.
(i.e.pre-employment)
Placement – assigning
students in the program most
appropriate to their abilities
(BUCET)
Required clinically trained examiner, should be
administered, scored, and interpreted by a
trained professional (i.e. Psychologist or
psychiatrist)
Types of Tests
Scope
of
Content
Survey Mastery
•Covers a broad
range of objectives
•Covers specific
objectives
•Measures general
achievement in
certain subjects
•Measures
fundamental
skills and
abilities
•Constructed by
trained professional
•Typically
constructed by
the teacher
Language
Mode
Verbal Non-
Verbal
•Words are used -
reading, writing or
speaking
•Drawings,
abstract
reasoning
C
O
N
S
T
R
U
C
T
I
O
N
Standardized Non-
standardized
(Teacher-made)
• Constructed by professional
item writer
• Constructed by a
classroom teacher
• Covers a broad range of
content covered in a subject
area
• Covers a narrow range
of content
• Uses mainly multiple choice • Various types of items
are used
• Items written are screened
and the best items were
chosen for the final
instrument
• Teacher picks or writes
items as needed for the
test
• Can be scored by a machine • Scored manually by a
teacher
• Interpretation of results is
usually norm-referenced
• Interpretation is usually
criterion-referenced
Manner of
Administration
Individual Group
•Mostly given orally or requires
actual demonstration of skill
•(i.e. NC in TVE)
•This is a paper-and-pencil
test administered to a large
number of subjects, these
are economical, easy to
administer and score.
•One-on-one situations, thus,
many opportunities for clinical
observation
•Loss of rapport, insight and
knowledge about each
examinee
•Chance to follow-up examinee’s
response in order to clarify or
comprehend it clearly
•Same amount of time
needed to gather
information from one
student
Oral Written
• Posing questions in spoken
forms
• Administered on paper
or on a computer
• Subjective test, face-to-face,
verbal response, immediate
response
•Test taker could respond by
writing or typing within a
given space of the test or on
a separate form or
document
Effect of
Biases
Objective Subjective
•Scorer’s personal
judgment does not affect
the scoring
•Affected by scorer’s
personal opinions,
biases and judgments
•Worded that only one
answer is acceptable
•Several answers are
possible
•Little or no disagreement
on what is the correct
answer
•Possible to
disagreement on what
is the correct answer
Time
Limit and
Level of
Difficulty
Power Speed
•Consists of series of
items arranged in
ascending order of
difficulty
•Consists of items
approximately equal
in difficulty
•Measures student’s ability
to answer more and more
difficult items
•Measures student’s
speed or rate and
accuracy in
responding
•Does not have time limit,
test taker is given ample
time to complete all the
test items
•Specifies time limits
Format
Selection Type Supply Type
• There are choices for the
answer
• There are no choices for
the answer
• Multiple Choice, True or
False, Matching Type
• Short answer,
Completion, Restricted
or Extended Essay
• Can be answered quickly • May require a longer
time to answer
• Prone to guessing • Less chance to guessing
but prone to bluffing
• Time consuming to construct • Time consuming to
answer and score
Interpretation
of Results
Norm-Referenced Criterion-Referenced
•Result is interpreted by comparing one
student’s performance with other
students’ performance
•Result is interpreted by
comparing student’s
performance based on a
predefined standards (mastery)
•Some will really pass •All, some or none may pass
•There is competition for a limited
percentage of high scores
•There is no competition for a
limited percentage of high score
•Typically covers a large domain of
learning tasks
•Typically focuses on a delimited
domain of learning tasks
•Emphasizes discrimination among
individuals in terms of level of learning
•Emphasizes description of what
learning tasks individuals can
and cannot perform
•Favors items of average difficulty and
typically omits very easy and very hard
items
•Matches item difficulty to
learning tasks, without altering
item difficulty or omitting easy or
hard items
•Interpretation requires a clearly defined
group
•Interpretation requires a clearly
defined and delimited
achievement domain
� https://education.stateuniversity.com/pages/
2500/Testing-STANDARDIZED-TESTS-HIGH-
STAKES-ASSESSMENT.html
� http://www.healthofchildren.com/P/Psychol
ogical-Tests.html#ixzz6keuoKeIZ
� Santos, R. D. (2007). Assessment of
Learning 1. Adriana Publishing Co. Inc., QC:
Philippines

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Types-of-Tests.pptx

  • 2. Assessment involves several measurement processes in order to arrive with quantified results. Measurement is an important part of assessment. Some assessment results come in the forms of quantitative values that enable the use of further analysis. The common tools used to measure variables in the educational setting are tests, questionnaires, inventories, rubrics, checklists, surveys and others.
  • 3. When assessment results are used to make decisions and come up with judgments, then evaluation takes place. Evaluation is arrived when the necessary measurement and assessment have taken place. In order to evaluate whether a student will be retained or promoted to the next level, different aspects of the student’s performance were carefully assessed and measured such as the grades and conduct. To evaluate whether the remedial program in math is effective, the students’ improvement in math, teachers’ teaching performance, and whether students’ attitudes towards math changed should be carefully assessed. Different measures are used to assess different aspects of 7 the remedial program to come up with an evaluation.
  • 5.  Explain and distinguish the different types of tests Objectives:
  • 6. P U R P O S E Psychological Educational Used to assess a variety of mental abilities and attributes, including achievement and ability, personality, and neurological functioning. Used to measure the result of instructions and learning (eg. Achievement Test, Performance test) Personality – evaluate the thoughts, emotions, attitudes, and behavioral traits that comprise personality i.e. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory Intelligence – mental ability of an individual Achievement and Ability tests – measure the level of a child’s intellectual functioning and cognitive ability i.e. Standford-Binet intelligence scales Diagnostic – strengths and weaknesses Proficiency- people’s ability in language Achievement – student’s performance in academic areas Aptitude – numerical reasoning, verbal reasoning, speed, accuracy, etc. (i.e.pre-employment) Placement – assigning students in the program most appropriate to their abilities (BUCET) Required clinically trained examiner, should be administered, scored, and interpreted by a trained professional (i.e. Psychologist or psychiatrist) Types of Tests
  • 7. Scope of Content Survey Mastery •Covers a broad range of objectives •Covers specific objectives •Measures general achievement in certain subjects •Measures fundamental skills and abilities •Constructed by trained professional •Typically constructed by the teacher
  • 8. Language Mode Verbal Non- Verbal •Words are used - reading, writing or speaking •Drawings, abstract reasoning
  • 9. C O N S T R U C T I O N Standardized Non- standardized (Teacher-made) • Constructed by professional item writer • Constructed by a classroom teacher • Covers a broad range of content covered in a subject area • Covers a narrow range of content • Uses mainly multiple choice • Various types of items are used • Items written are screened and the best items were chosen for the final instrument • Teacher picks or writes items as needed for the test • Can be scored by a machine • Scored manually by a teacher • Interpretation of results is usually norm-referenced • Interpretation is usually criterion-referenced
  • 10. Manner of Administration Individual Group •Mostly given orally or requires actual demonstration of skill •(i.e. NC in TVE) •This is a paper-and-pencil test administered to a large number of subjects, these are economical, easy to administer and score. •One-on-one situations, thus, many opportunities for clinical observation •Loss of rapport, insight and knowledge about each examinee •Chance to follow-up examinee’s response in order to clarify or comprehend it clearly •Same amount of time needed to gather information from one student Oral Written • Posing questions in spoken forms • Administered on paper or on a computer • Subjective test, face-to-face, verbal response, immediate response •Test taker could respond by writing or typing within a given space of the test or on a separate form or document
  • 11. Effect of Biases Objective Subjective •Scorer’s personal judgment does not affect the scoring •Affected by scorer’s personal opinions, biases and judgments •Worded that only one answer is acceptable •Several answers are possible •Little or no disagreement on what is the correct answer •Possible to disagreement on what is the correct answer
  • 12. Time Limit and Level of Difficulty Power Speed •Consists of series of items arranged in ascending order of difficulty •Consists of items approximately equal in difficulty •Measures student’s ability to answer more and more difficult items •Measures student’s speed or rate and accuracy in responding •Does not have time limit, test taker is given ample time to complete all the test items •Specifies time limits
  • 13. Format Selection Type Supply Type • There are choices for the answer • There are no choices for the answer • Multiple Choice, True or False, Matching Type • Short answer, Completion, Restricted or Extended Essay • Can be answered quickly • May require a longer time to answer • Prone to guessing • Less chance to guessing but prone to bluffing • Time consuming to construct • Time consuming to answer and score
  • 14. Interpretation of Results Norm-Referenced Criterion-Referenced •Result is interpreted by comparing one student’s performance with other students’ performance •Result is interpreted by comparing student’s performance based on a predefined standards (mastery) •Some will really pass •All, some or none may pass •There is competition for a limited percentage of high scores •There is no competition for a limited percentage of high score •Typically covers a large domain of learning tasks •Typically focuses on a delimited domain of learning tasks •Emphasizes discrimination among individuals in terms of level of learning •Emphasizes description of what learning tasks individuals can and cannot perform •Favors items of average difficulty and typically omits very easy and very hard items •Matches item difficulty to learning tasks, without altering item difficulty or omitting easy or hard items •Interpretation requires a clearly defined group •Interpretation requires a clearly defined and delimited achievement domain