2. Social Media Uprising Egypt Investigating technologic discourses in Egyptian protests

3. The Outline Investigating technologic discourses in Egyptian protests

4. Background: Social Media. Progress Package Background: Media, Culture and Technological Discourse

5. Background: Social Media. Progress Package Background: Cultural Resonance. Media Agenda Background: Media, Culture and Technological Discourse

6. Background: Cultural Resonance. Media Agenda Empirical Study: Content analysis. Traditional vs. New Media Background: Media, Culture and Technological Discourse Background: Media, Culture and Technological Discourse

7. Why? Investigating technologic discourses in Egyptian protests Addresses the role of citizens and their media channel in democracy And how this role is constructed and elevated in traditional media Exceptionally prominent in Egyptian uprising

8. Research Questions What technological discourses were used by the media in regard to the Egyptian uprising? Was a difference between traditional and new media coverage present? Why? Investigating technologic discourses in Egyptian protests Addresses the role of citizens and their media channel in democracy And how this role is constructed and elevated in traditional media Exceptionally prominent in Egyptian uprising

9. Theory Research Questions What technological discourses were used by the media in regard to the Egyptian uprising? Was a difference between traditional and new media coverage present? Why? Investigating technologic discourses in Egyptian protests Addresses the role of citizens and their media channel in democracy And how this role is constructed and elevated in traditional media Exceptionally prominent in Egyptian uprising

10. General Pattern All-changing breakthrough In technological discourse progress is common (Gamson, 1989) Three approaches to relation of technology to society Technological Determinism Technology-driven; autonomous; basis for social change Frissen(1997) Social Constructionism Driven by social actors decide; transference of existing social structures Schiller (1999: 89). Technological Interactionism A combination of the two above leads to social change Theory: Media, Culture and Technological Discourse

11. Discourse and Interpretive Packages Plurality of possible packages Social Progress/Change Package (Luders, 2008) New Media and individual ability to reach large audiences Consumers = Producers & Producers = Consumers Outcomes (Luders, 2008) Individuals co-produce and construct their own meanings/discourses Change in power relations between individuals and mass media Basuki (1999) & Froehling (1999) personalised mass media are primary source of alternative information for journalists in the countries with severely low levels of freedom of speech Theory: Social Media. Progress Package

12. News selection and Agenda-Building Traditional Media – information selection, editorial decisions, publication New Media – direct and relatively unmediated Agenda building thus deals with the relationship between real world events and the news production process News and Agenda-Setting Agenda Setting deals with the impact of newsroom decisions on what citizens worry about If selection of news stories is agenda-setting, then selection of what aspect of a certain news story will be highlighted (framing) is in fact second-level agenda-setting. Theory: Cultural Resonance. Media Agenda

13. Agenda-building and setting on Egyptian Uprising Novelty of social media and potential but yet uncertain role of it in mobilisation, networking and empowerment. Professional journalistic material was less accessible than armature Freshness of updates , personalised, first-hand material and tractableextent of citizen mobilisation Theory: Cultural Resonance. Media Agenda Very prominent role assigned to Twitter Articles: “How to follow the Egyptian uprising on Twitter ” Visualisation: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2guKJfvq4uI&feature=player_embedded#at=35

14. Empirical Study Investigating technologic discourses in Egyptian protests

15. Confirmatory During, and to lesser extent after the Egypt revolutions, the semantic relationship between twitter and (democratic) revolution became closer. Exploratory Rise of twitter revolution package Social idealist Technological rationalist Empirical Study Investigating technologic discourses in Egyptian protests

16. Traditional newspapers Volkskrant, Telegraaf, Trouw, NRC, Metro, de Pers, Spits 69588 articles New Media Twitter (400 random active users) Geenstijl, articles and comments (215205) Methodology: Data Investigating technologic discourses in Egyptian protests

17. Confirmatory Automatic content analysis Asymmetric conditional probability measure Exploratory Concept-occurrence analysis All the articles in time-frame study Twitter revolution only found in traditional media Manual analysis Inductive coding schemes Methods of analysis Investigating technologic discourses in Egyptian protests

18. Confirmatory study Investigating technologic discourses in Egyptian protests

19. Package the Twitter revolution Social idealist Technological rationalist Exploratory study Investigating technologic discourses in Egyptian protests

20. Conclusions Investigating technologic discourses in Egyptian protests Limitations Investigating technologic discourses in Egyptian protests