VA Standards of Learning Content

2. What do you know about WWII?

3. • Political instability and economic
devastation in Europe resulting from WWI
• Worldwide depression

4. • High war debt owed by Germany
• High inflation
• Massive unemployment
Guten Tag.
This debt is
heavy!

5. (lots of them)

6. • Rise of Fascism
• Extreme nationalism and racism
• Took advantage of situation
• Fascism is a political philosophy in which
total power is given to a dictator and
individual freedoms are denied.

7. 1)What were the 3
fascist countries?
2.) Who were the 3
fascist leaders of those
countries?

8. 1)What were the 3
fascist countries?
2.) Who were the 3
fascist leaders of those
countries?
Italy, Germany & Japan

9. 1)What were the 3
fascist countries?
2.) Who were the 3
fascist leaders of those
countries?
Italy, Germany & Japan
Benito Mussolini, Adolf
Hitler & Hideki Tojo

10. Facist Countries
Germany
Italy
Japan

14. • These dictators led the countries that
became known as the Axis Powers.

15. The Allies
• Democratic nations (the United States,
Great Britain, Canada) were known as the
Allies. The Soviet Union joined the Allies
after being invaded by Germany.

16. Allied Leaders
• Allied leaders
included Franklin D.
Roosevelt and later
Harry S. Truman
(United States),
Winston Churchill
(Great Britain),
Joseph Stalin (Soviet
Union)

17. Gradual change in American
policy from neutrality to
involvement
• Isolationism (Great Depression, legacy of
World War I)
• Economic aid to Allies
• Direct involvement in the war

20. Germany
Italy

21. Axis Powers
Areas annexed by Germany
Neutral nations
German protectorates
Annexed by Italy

22. Germany invades Poland

23. Russia invades Poland

24. Soviet Union invades
Baltic Nations (Latvia,
Lithuania, and Estonia)

25. Paris
Germany invaded France,
capturing Paris

26. Paris WWII
Hitler

27. London
Germany bombed
London and the Battle of
Britain began

28. Why We Fight #4: The Battle of Britain (1943)
-
The fourth part of a series of films produced by the
United States War Department during World War II.
The series explained the reasons for the U.S war
effort up to that time. This fourth part chronicles the
Nazi air campaign against Britain and how the British
responded to it. The film depicts the Luftwaffe "blitz"
and the defensive struggle of the RAF and the
English people. Supervised and Directed by Frank
Capra.
http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-
5272791951588535937#

29. Battle of Britain
• All that stood between Hitler’s domination
of Western Europe was
• August, 1940- Germans bombed British
shipyards, factories, cities
• Battle of Britain lasted until October
• never gained control of the
skies over Britain
• British Royal Air Force (RAF) = heavy
losses on the German air force

32. Review: Major events at
beginning of war
• Germany invaded
, setting
off war in Europe. The
Soviet Union also
invaded Poland and
the nations.
• Germany invaded
France, capturing
Paris.
• Germany bombed
and the Battle
of Britain began.

34. Poland

35. What’s up with the U.S.?
• Many Americans had
sympathy for the
Allies but they wanted
to avoid war
• 1940=
ran for a third term
• U.S. supplied Allies
with weapons,
supplies, ships, etc.

36. What’s up with U.S.?
• Factories and workers
were needed in order
to make war
• Brought and end to
the Great
!!!!

37. Who’s this lady?!?!
What does she symbolize?

38. Thousands of women took jobs in
defense plants during the war

39. Did the war change discrimination
in the U.S.?
• More workers were
needed!
• While African
Americans were hired
to work in factories,
they still faced

40. President Harry Truman
desegregated the U.S. Armed
Forces in 1948, just after the end of
the war. This was a major advance
for African-American Rights.

41. of food
and other materials
like nylon, soap and
gasoline helped
preserve material for
the war effort.

43. What’s up with the U.S.?
• The United States gave Britain war
supplies and old naval in
return for military bases in Bermuda and
the
• This was called
the Lend Lease
Act

44. The Road to Pearl Harbor
• While Hitler and Mussolini were taking
over Europe, Japan seized large parts of
______ and wanted to take over the
Dutch East Indies, British Malaya, and the
American territory of the Philippines
• Were doing so mostly to get &
oil rubber

45. U.S. Responded By…
• all
Japanese assets in
American banks (so
that Japanese couldn’t
get their money!)
• Stopping the sale of
oil, gas, and other
natural
Freezing
resources

46. War in the Pacific
• On December 7, 1941,
Japan was so angry
about the U.S. sanctions
that they attacked
without warning.
• Attacked & destroyed
many battleships,
cruises, planes
Pearl Harbor

47. Pearl Harbor was
the worst defeat
in U.S. military
history

48. Video:
• 8 minute video of the attack on Pearl Harbor
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=Nt13c3olXkU

49. The United States
declared war on
_________ .
__________ declared war
on the United States.
Japan
Germany

50. Japanese Americans
• Even though many Japanese Americans
served in the military, many Americans
distrusted them after Pearl Harbor!
• Many Japanese Americans were forced
into camps

51. Internment Camps
• More than 100,000
West Coast Japanese
Americans were
moved
• Located mostly in
areas
• Crowded,
uncomfortable
• Many stayed for three
years

53. • 1988: Congress formally apologized for the
injustice and agreed to give each survivor of
the camps $20,000. Given that many
Japanese Americans lost their homes,
businesses, freedom… do you think this was a
fair apology?

54. War in the Pacific
• From December-April,
had many
victories over the
Allies
• They invaded the
Philippines, Guam,
Thailand, Malaya,
and Hong Kong.

55. War in the Pacific
• Due to Japan’s
victories, morale was
low
• BUT… In April,
American bombers
bombed

56. Battle of Midway
• June, 1942: northwest
of
• U.S. navy destroyed 4
Japanese aircraft
carriers and hundreds
of airplanes
• FIRST MAJOR
JAPANESE
DEFEAT!!!!!!
• OF
THE WAR

58. 10 minute documentary of the
Battle of Midway
http://www.youtube.com/watch
?
v=sKXVTZo6gIg&feature=relat
ed

59. Island Hopping
• After the Battle of Midway, America was
ready to go on the offensive
• U.S. started “ ”- attacking
and capturing key islands
• Then used these islands as bases for leap
frogging to others – in order to move
closer to the Philippines and

60. Island Hopping

61. War in the Pacific
• Between 1942-1945= many battles in the
Pacific with thousands of lives lost
• 1945= America started to close in on
Japan
• Seized Iwo Jima and Okinawa

62. Manhattan Project
• 1939= Albert Einstein
wrote to FDR to warn
him that the Nazis
might try to create an
atomic bomb
• FDR started the
“Manhattan Project”-
a top secret operation
to create

63. Use Atomic Bomb?
• FDR died in April, 1945
• President Truman had to decide whether
or not to use the atomic bomb against
Japan
• Allies warned Japan that if they did not
surrender it faced “prompt and utter
destruction.”
• Japan didn’t surrender

64. • August 6, 1945- the
Enola gay dropped an
atomic bomb on the
Japanese city of
• 3 days later, second
bomb was dropped on
the city of

65. Effects of Atomic Bombs
• Hiroshima= 70,000
people dead
• Nagasaki= 40,000
people dead
• Thousands more
injured
• Many later died of

66. What’s happening in Europe?
• After the Battle of Britain, many battles
take place in North Africa, Italy, Germany,
Soviet Union.
• Thousands of lives were lost
• Winter, 1941= Germany attacked Moscow
• Spring, 1942= Germany wanted to capture
(to access oil-rich lands to
the south)

67. Stalingrad
• Germans took
Stalingrad house by
house, street by
street
• Soviet forces
surround the city-
cutting off German
supplies
• Cold and starving, the
Germans fought until
February, 1943

68. Stalingrad
• OF WAR in
EUROPE

69. Invasion of France
• As the Soviets pushed toward Germany
from the East, the Allies were planning a
massive invasion of France from the West
• June 6, 1944= D-Day!!!
• Allies ships landed on
the coast of

70. D-Day
Began the liberation of
Western Europe

72. How did the war finally end?
• After the U.S. dropped the two atomic
bombs, Japan finally surrendered
• August 15, 1945= V-J Day (Victory over
Japan)
• Japan signed the formal
surrender on September
2nd

73. At the White House,
President Harry S. Truman
announces the Japanese
surrender, August 14, 1945.

74. After the War…
• Allies put top Nazi
and Japanese leaders
on trial
• Accused of war
crimes and crimes
against
• Trials were held in
Nuremberg, Germany
and Tokyo

75. After the War…
• MILLIONS of PEOPLE DIED during the
war!!!
• More than half of these were civilians
• Americans= 800,000 injured; 300,000
dead
• Soviets= More than
• 20 MILLION deaths

76. Europe After the War
• Much of Europe in ruins
• forces occupied most of
Eastern and Central Europe
• U.S. thought it should rebuild Europe to
prevent political and
instability.
• U.S. implemented the MARSHALL PLAN

77. Marshall Plan
• George Marshall=
U.S. Secretary of
State
• Best way to avoid
was to
improve Europe’s
economy
• Plan gave $13 billion
to rebuild Europe

79. What happened to Germany?
• into East and West Germany.
• West Germany became and
resumed self-government after a few
years of American, British, and French
occupation.
• East Germany remained under the
domination of the and
wasn’t democratic

81. What happened to Japan?
• Occupied by forces
• Adopted democratic form of government
• Resumed self-government
• Became a strong of the United
States.

82. United Nations
• Formed near the end of World War II
• A way for nations to try to prevent future
global wars.

83. U.S Economy after WWII
• Now that Americans
didn’t have to ration,
factories started
making more
goods for them!
• Americans purchased
goods on

84. Work Force…
• Went back to mostly
• women returned to
the family
•
came together and
became more
powerful
• workers gained new
benefits and higher
salaries