By : Eng.Mohamed Hassan

1. UNIX
Introduction
UNIX Introduction and history

2. Introduction
Your trainer…
 Title: Network Engineer
 Education: Master Degree in
Network Engineering,
BSC degree in Computer
Engineering
 Experience :
Mcse,Mcitp,MCIT UNIX/Linux
trainer.
 Contact:
thephilosopher10@gmail.com
Mob.01113555023
Mohammed Hassan

3. Introduction
Objectives
By completing this presentation , you will be able to:
 Understand Unix. Its philosophy,
different Unix families.
 Discover the free world. Different
licenses.
 Discover Linux. From its history
to the application in company.

4. Introduction
Topics
Plan:
 Unix. Its philosophy and its
history.
 From Unix to Linux.

5. Introduction
Unix
History and philosophy

6. Unix
Preview
Here’s what we’ll see:
 Unix utility.
 Unix history.
 Different Unix.
 Targets of Unix.
 Unix philosophy

7. Unix
Unix utility
Unix have to:
 Work 24/24, 7/7.
 Being multi tasks.
 Being multi users.
 Make scientists calculation.
 Being perfectly reliable.

8. Unix
Unix History
Here’s Unix history
1969 1976 1978 1991
Creation by Ken
Thompson and
Denis Ritchie from Creation of Linux
Bell Labs by Linus
Torvalds
Split between
Creation of BSD and type
Apple V Unix

9. Unix History

10. Unix
The different Unix
Proprietary Unix
 Solaris Sun
 AIX IBM
 HP-UX HP
 MacOS X Apple

11. Unix
The different Unix
BSD - Berkeley Software Distribution
 Licensed
 3 major branches :
 FreeBDS
 NetBSD
 OpenBSD
 Server/Security oriented

12. Unix
The different Unix
ary Un ix are
Pr opriet ld for
eated and so
cr
comp uters
s pecific
(ex ample
aris/S PARC)
Sol

13. Unix
Targets of Unix
According to its design, Unix targets are:
 Scientist
 University
 Army
 States organization

14. Unix
Unix philosophy
Philosophy of Unix system
 Everything is a file
 Hard Drive, CDROM drive, CPU …
 Task segmentation
 A program must be portable
 Write code quickly and to share with the
community
 Correct bugs quickly

15. Unix
Unix philosophy
Advantages and disadvantages of proprietary Unix:
Advantages Disadvantages
Stability Buy cost
High load Resistance Maintenance cost
Security Not User Friendly

16. UNIX
Quiz
The BSD system is a different Unix system
MacOSX is not based on the Unix system
UNIX system is a multi-task system
UNIX system is a multi-user system

17. Introduction
From Unix to GNU/Linux
History and philosophy

18. From Unix to GNU/Linux
Preview
Here’s what we’ll see:
 Open source softwares.
 Free softwares
 GNU / Linux.
 Applications.

19. From Unix to GNU/Linux
Open source software
There are two types of software
 Binary form
 Sources unavailable
 Not human understandable
 Original form (Source)
O
 Human understandable
 Access to the sources.

20. From Unix to GNU/Linux
Open source software
Concept of Open Source and Proprietary system
Open Sources Software
– Offer the possibility for the user to access
the source code of the application
Proprietary Software
– Doesn’t offer the access to the source code

21. From Unix to Linux
Free software
To be free a software must respect this 4 rules:
Free to
Free to read the code
execute
Free to
Free to improve
redistribute

22. From Unix to Linux
GNU / Linux
FSF and GNU
 Free Software Foundation
 1984 by Richard Stallman
 A Free clone of Unix free
 free as in “free speech”, not as in “free beer”
 GNU-GNU’s not UNIX
 GPL-General Public License
 A legal frame for the free software
 Actual version : 3

23. From Unix to Linux
GNU / Linux
The birth of the Linux Kernel
 Created in 1991 by Linus Torvalds
 Minix clone
 Based on concepts and Unix philosophy
 Sources available for free on Internet.
 A community appeared on internet
 Linux is not an operating system

24. From Unix to Linux
GNU / Linux
 Very early Richard Stallman
convinces Linus Torvalds to
put the kernel v 0.12 under
GPL license
 GNU softwares are then
adapted to work with Linux
kernel
 The Linux kernel and GNU
softwares make a true
operating system
 GNU + Linux Kernel = GNU/
Linux

25. From Unix to Linux
Distributions
What’s a distribution
A distribution contains often:
 A Kernel (sometimes modified).
 A software library.
 An installation program.
 A package manager.

26. From Unix to Linux
Applications
The most used distributions:

27. From Unix to Linux
Application
GNU/Linux is used in company for:
 Web server
 FTP server
 DHCP/DNS server
 Proxy/Cache server
 Firewall
 Embeded systems

28. From Unix to Linux
Applications
Advantage and disadvantages de Linux :
Advantages Disadvantages
Stability No After Sale services
Reliability Lack of Knowledge
Security Not User-friendly

29. From Unix to Linux
Quizz
The FSF was created by Richard Stallman
GNU is Linux
Richard Stallman created the Linux kernel
There are many Linux distributions on the market

30. From Unix to Linux
Stop and Think
Do you have any questions ?