2. ..
..VENEER
• Veneer refers to thin slices of wood, usually thinner than 3 mm (1/8 inch),
• These are glued onto core panels (typically, wood, particle board or medium-density fiber board) to
produce flat panels such as doors, tops and panels for cabinets, parquet floors and parts
of furniture.
• .
5. TYPES OF WOOD VENEERS –
There are a few types of veneers available, each serving a particular purpose.
Raw veneer has no backing on it and can be used with either side facing up. The two sides will appear different
when a finish has been applied, due to the cell structure of the wood.
Paper backed veneer is as the name suggests, veneers that are backed with paper. The advantage is that it is
available in large sizes, or sheets, as smaller pieces are joined together prior to adding the backing.
Phenolic backed veneer is less common and is used for composite, or manmade wood veneers. Due to concern
for the natural resource, this is becoming more popular. It is available in sheets, and is also less likely to crack
when being used on curves.
6. Laid up -veneer is raw veneer that has been joined together to make larger pieces. The process is time-consuming and
requires great care, but is not difficult and requires no expensive tools or machinery. Available in any size, shape or
design.
Reconstituted veneer -is made from fast-growing tropical species. Raw veneer is cut from a log, and dyed if necessary.
Once dyed, the sheets are laminated together to form a block. The block is then sliced so that the edges of the laminated
veneer become the “grain” of the reconstituted veneer.
Wood on Wood -Also called 2-ply is a decorative wood veneer face with a utility grade wood backer applied at an
opposing direction to the face veneer.[4]
7. Advantages of using veneers
• It is stabile. While solid wood can be prone to warping and splitting, because veneer is
made of thin layers of wood glued together, the chances of splitting or cracking are
reduced.
• Further, the glue used provides additional strength, making the end result stronger than
natural wood.
• sustainability—furniture made with wood veneer uses less wood.
• Recyclability and renewability: Wood has the least impact on total energy use,
greenhouse gasses, air and water pollution, solid waste and ecological resource use.
• Toxicity: Nontoxic; veneer stores carbon and also maximises the use of harvested wood.
8.
9. DISADVANTAGES-
• Its thin .
• Sanding a layer of veneer to finish it can be costlier to repair, as the entire surface usually needs to be
replaced once it is damaged.
• It can peel at the edges, blister or delaminate.
• More susceptible to water damage.
• Since veneer is laid on a different material such as particle board , MDF, or plywood , both has
different contraction and expansion rate so veneers get cracked over time.
10. •
APPLICATIONS
Wood veneer is mainly used for interior decoration applications in
many different segments.
It's ideal for residential projects, hotel projects, offices and many
more.
In addition, veneer is also processed to create a variety of
products such as veneer parquet, flexible veneer sheets, wood
veneer boards, wood veneer wallpaper, advertising boards etc.
In other words, veneer can give any interior a unique look and
feel.
11. Laminates
• A sheet of paper made by
bonding two or more sheet or
layers.
• It is made out of paper , at
the base there is a kraft paper
, in middle there is a normal
paper and at top there may be
two papers Indian paper or
European paper.
• It cannot be used in exterior
. • It is affected by
sunlight(color fades).
12. Manufacturing
• Firstly Kraft paper is kept.
• On it (second) barrier paper is kept and the design
paper is placed on it.
• On it tissue paper is placed and it is transparent.
• All the paper are soaked in plastic based resins.(phenol,
or melamine formaldehyde or other phenolic resin)
Brown paper which form base are soaked in melamine
resin.
• Soaked papers become hard and brittle after drying.
• Then the layers are kept in a tray and is hot pressed by
cylinder , in each tray 16–18 laminates are made.
• By hydraulic cylinders the sheets are pressed.
• After the laminate is made the back side is finished by
sanding belt.
• Barrier paper is used only in light laminates.
• Tissue paper is not used in metallic laminates.
13. Types of Laminates
• There are mostly two types of laminates:
. • A) High pressure laminates:- They are manufactured by brand Sunmica or Formica , are
hard decorative sheets that are commonly fixed by carpenters over plywood while making
furniture.
• B) Low pressure laminates:- They are only decorative paper is soaked in Melamine resin
and the laminated paper is then directly bonded to Particle board or Fiber Board.
14. Types of laminates on the basis of finishes.
• Matte finish- these are completely non glossy and hold
totally real appearance. Excellent resistant to scratch or dust
therefore not required as much cleaning as other laminates
to.
• Glossy finish- these are shiny but not as much as high gloss
finish because they are incorporated with more real wood
texture.
• Textured laminates- the laminate surface texture s created
during pressing process with use of steel plate or foil release
paper. These texture match with the texture of real material
such as hard wood etc.
• High gloss laminates- it has high gloss finish. It is and
excellent option for those who want to give there homes
with amazing looks.
15.
16. APPLICATIONS
• These are used in normal application like table,
• Standard laminates are used in normal application like kitchen offices
cabinet , partitions etc. wherever neat look is required .
• Mostly used in interiors .
• Used in places like hospitals and restaurants where hygiene is
extremely important (anti bacterial laminates are used).
17. ADVANTAGES OF LAMINATES-
• It is eco friendly.
• Durable
• Easy to install.
• Variety of style.
• Easy maintenance.
DISADVANTAGES-
• If it gets damaged it needs to be replaced totally.
• It is brittle.
18. CEMENT FIBRE BOARD
It is fibre reinforcement with cement formed into various sizes by dipping it in various
solutions. It has cellulose fibre which is a plant extract as reinforcement.
There are composite material made of sand, cement and cellulose fibres more specifically they
are composed of Portland cement with glass fibre mesh on the surface.
These are highly resistant to fire, water and termites making them making them an ideal choice
for building
Thickness in mm:
4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20 & 25
standard available sizes : 2440mm X 1220mm, 1830mm X
1220mm , 1220mm X 1220mm X 610mm X 610mm
19. CHARACTERISTICS-
- Weather resistant
- -Immune to water damage
- Fire resistant
- Provides sound insulation
- Shatter resistant
- Low shrinkage
- Flexible
- High degree of workability
- Termite resistant
20. APPLICATIONS-
• Internal walls.( Sizes range- 4-6mm)
• false ceiling, .( Sizes range-4-6mm)
• partitions, .( Sizes range- 8-12mm)
• wall cladding, .( Sizes range-10-12mm)
• doors.( Sizes range-12-16mm)
• wall cladding, .( Sizes range-8-10mm)
• sign board.( Sizes range-6-8mm)
Its cost starts from rupees 80 per square feet and goes much higher depending upon the quality.
21. ADVANTAGES-
• durable for use in exterior wall.
• It is able to keep the moisture out .
• Preventing mold mildew and other water damages.
• A no. of different finishes can also be provided to its surface.
• These have excellent moisture absorbing and drying properties making
them resistant to weather change as well therefore these can be used n
exterior part also
DISADVANTAGES-
• these are heavy weight therefore after sometime it comes
out from the surface.
• there application cost is high.
22. MINERAL FIBRE BOARD
It consist of mineral wool, clay, perlite, cellulose, and starch mixed together in a
water based processed before being cure by heat. (processed and recycled in
various proportions).
Comes in the category of WPC boards
Most premium in its category.
Raw materials like newsprint, starch,, mineral fibre, etc. Used which come in the
category of green material mineral wool as main material.
Special minerals used to give strength.
Application in shuttering boards or construction board and in furniture for
structural fabrication.
Best used for table top applications like load bearing and horizontal frame
works.
Effectively reduces the noise for quite environment.
AVAILABLE IN:
Thickness:12mm, 15mm till 21mm.
Size :600mm*600mm ,600mm*1200mm, 2’*2’, 2’*4’.
Edge detail : square edge, tegular edge, concealed and super concealed
edge, adhesive and nails
23. APPLICATIONS-
• Shuttering boards or construction boards and in
furniture for structural fabrications
• It is majorly used in indoor ceiling or false ceilings.
• Best used for table tops like load bearing and horizontal
frame works.
• Used in airports, corporate offices, restaurants, hotels,
petrol pumps, etc.
• It starts from Rs 58-163 /sq. mt.
24. ADVANTAGES-
• Excellent acoustical performance.
• Light weight
• Fire resistant..
• Thermal resistant
• High light reflectance.
• Reduces load on building structure.
• Easy to handle, install and maintain.
• Mould resistant.
• Sag resistant.
DISADVANTAGES-
• Major hygienical disadvantage.
• Now a days it is obsolete and not
in use.
25. MARKET SURVEY
Veneers
• Are available in 8’*4’ standard size, which is 6-4 mm thick.
• Its cost Rs.45/sq. ft.
• Two types:
• Polished
• Unpolished
Laminates
• Availability: 8’*4’ standard size . Thickness ; 0.6- 1 mm
• Cost range: Rs. 250-5000 depending on brand and quality.
• Also available in matt, high gloss and textured finishes.
