3. Learning
to know
Learning
to do
Learning to
live with others
ON international level
Delore Commission gives
Purposes of Education of 21st
century
FOUR PILLARS OF EDUCATION
Learning
to be
18. TIME: A tool for analysis of teaching -Berliner
Allocated time
Instructional time
Engaged time
Academic learning time
How to increase academic learning time?
24. Definitions of learning
Learning is a relatively permanent
change in behaviour.
-Woodworth
How far do you agree with the
definition?
25. Definitions of learning
Learning is an acquired tension
reduction process.It results in the
lowering of synaptic resistance.
-Gardner Murphy
Synapse
26. What happened when blind persons
started perceiving an elephant...
wall?
rope?
pillar?
27. The same problem is faced while
understanding an elephant of
learning
Hence so many theories of learning
29. Applications of approaches to learning
Behavioristic
•A specific response to be
associated to a given stimulus
•Principle of Contiguity
• importance of Reinforcement
•Learning with own pace
What are the limitations?
30. Applications of approaches to learning
Cognitive
How to place four trees at the same
distance from remaining three?
31.
32. A B
In what way objects in Group A are different from
those in group B?
33. Applications of approaches to learning
Cognitive
•Role of Understanding
•Insightful learning
•Discovery through
problem solving
•Need for Spiral
curriculum
34. These visuals are examples of
Creative thinking
Education should have scope for creativity
35. Applications of approaches to learning
constructivistic
Humanistic
•Opportunity to construct knowledge
•Scope for creativity
•Opportunity for interactions
•Opportunity for self expression
38. In how many ways can you
take out coin from glass
filled with water without
touching water?
How to save earth from
green house effect?
Using open ended questions
46. Students learn when
• they are involved in various activities rather
than mere listening.
• More emphasis is placed on developing
students’ skills.
• Students are involved in higher-order thinking
•Classroom is a dynamic, ever changing
environment
• Students have voices.
54. Objective Individual Small
group
Large group
Cognitive Self study,
Synectics
Problem
solving,
Inquiry
Lecture,
Concept
attainment,
Brainstorming
Psycho-
Motor
Affective
Practical,
project
Case study
Project,
Games
Role play,
discussion
Demonstration
Drama, Films
Jurisprudential
model