This is the presentation which was presented in PPT CONTEST on TCP PRESENTO 2020 organized by THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

1. SOLID WASTE
MANAGEMENT
By,
Sivaranjini.C
1st B.Ed.,
Optional-Physical science,
St. Christopher’s college of education,
NO.63,E.V.K Sampath road, Vepery, Periamet
Chennai-600007.
Subject – Environmental education
TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

2. LEARNING OBJECTIVES
• To analyse the solid waste management issues in INDIA.
• To create awareness about effective solid management techniques
and practices.
• To create awareness about the government steps so as to emphasize
the importance of individual’s role.
TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS,
MADURAI.

3. Statistics
Statistics show that in 2001 India generated 46
million tonnes of waste and by 2048 this number
is predicted to reach an estimate of 125 million
tonnes, making India the largest waste
contributor of the world.
TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

4. PROBLEMS WITH SOLID WASTE management
• Inability to provide full coverage for collection of waste
• Areas of difficult access
• High density low income areas
• Littering and illegal dumping is due to
Overflowing containers
Wrongly located street containers
Ignorance and careless behaviour
Dumping waste in drains
Scattering of waste from official waste collection vehicles
Scattering by waste pickers
Fly tipping
• Lack of public cooperation
• Unscientific/improper treatment of waste
TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

5. KEY COMPONENTS OF SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
GENERATION STORAGE COLLECTION
TRANSPORT-
ATION
DISPOSAL
TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

6. GENERATION
TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

7. 1.Identifying the source of municipal waste.
2.Obtaining the data concerning the waste
• Calculating waste generation rates
a) Estimation at household level
b) Measuring at the disposal site ( if the number of waste generators is known
• Calculating waste density
Why we should know all these information?
GENERATION
household commercial Institutional
Street
sweepings
drain wastes Bulky waste foliage
Unwanted
vehicle scrap
Hazardous
house hold
waste
Construction
debris
Industrial
waste
To obtain estimation of wastes to
be collected each day
To choose appropriate vehicles like
compactor , non compactor trucks.
To implement optimum recycling
and treatment options
TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

8. STORAGE
TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

9. storage
• Solid waste storage facilities for domestic areas
• Classification
Primary storage or
household storage
Secondary storage or community storage
TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

10. Household storage
• Segregation of waste should start at the stage of
storage itself.
Wastes should be segregated according to types of waste
such as
• domestic biodegradable waste
• recyclable waste and non – biodegradable waste
• Hazardous waste – e waste, biomedical waste
Types of Wastes to be put in the Bin Meant for Food
Wastes & Bio-degradable Wastes
• Food wastes of all kinds, cooked and uncooked, including
eggshells, bones
• Flower and fruit wastes including juice peels and house-
plant wastes
• House sweepings (not garden sweepings or yard waste:
dispose on-site)
• Household Inert (sweepings/ashes)
Types of Recyclable and Other Non-Bio-degradable Wastes to be
Kept Separately
• Paper and plastic, all kinds
• Cardboard and cartons
• Containers of all kinds excluding those containing hazardous
materials
• Packaging of all kinds
• Glass, all kinds
• Metals, all kinds · Rags, rubber, wood
• Foils, wrappings, pouches, sachets and tetrapaks (rinsed)
• Cassettes, computer diskettes, printer cartridges and electronic
parts
• Discarded clothing, furniture and equipment
List of Some Domestic Hazardous Wastes
• Aerosol cans
• Batteries from flashlights and button cells
• Bleaches and household kitchen and drain cleaning agents
• Car batteries, oil filters and car care products and consumables
• Chemicals and solvents and their empty containers
• Cosmetic items, chemical-based
• Insecticides and their empty containers
• Light bulbs, tube-lights and compact fluorescent lamps (CFL)
• Paints, oils, lubricants, glues, thinners, and their empty containers · Pesticides
and herbicides and their empty containers
• Photographic chemicals
• Styrofoam and soft foam packaging from new equipment
• Thermometers
• Mercury-containing products
TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

11. Community storage
• Fixed facilities
• Movable facilities with wheels
• Exchangeable containers
• To collect large amount of wastes from markets, industries.
TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

12. COLLECTION AND
TRANSPORT
TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

13. Collection and transport
• Timing
• Acceptable to residents
• Even at night to avoid traffic
congestion
• Frequency
• Biodegradable waste should be
collected daily or on alternate
days.
• Non biodegradable waste can be
collected less frequently.
• Regular and reliable collection
service from waste generators
should be provided.
• Includes sweeping of streets and
public places.
• Cleaning of drains
• Service should be socially
acceptable, cost efficient and
eco-friendly.
• Eg. Collection methods and vehicles
chosen should be according to the
area.
TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

14. Collection and transport
• Routing
• Depends on the containers to be cleared each day
• Avoids zigzag movement of vehicles .
• Save time and effort
• Vehicles should be fully loaded before it reaches disposal unit.
• It should be entirely closed to avoid flies breeding.
TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

15. Street sweeping
• Safety of the sweepers should be ensured.
• Suitable equipment can improve efficiency but with simpler
technology.
• Coordination is required with collection of sweepings and litter by
truck.
TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

16. Ensuring safety of sweepers with
gloves, goggles, cap, jackets Condition of sweepers with no
safety equipment
TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

17. METHODS OF
DISPOSAL
TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

18. Methods of waste Disposal
• Landfills
• Commonly found in developing countries
• Give rise to air and water pollution
• Hazardous to the dwellers living near the landfills
• Incineration / combustion
• Wastes burned at high temperatures.
• Residue and gaseous products are formed
• Reduces the volume of waste by 20 to 30 percent
• Recovery
• Discarded items are used for next specific use.
TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

19. Methods of disposal
• Recycling
• Waste products into new products
• Reduce
• energy usage
• volume of land fills
• Air and water pollution
• Green house gas emissions
• Plasma gasification
• Solid or liquid wastes are converted into syngas using plasma.
• Plasma- electrically charged or a highly ionized gas which produces temperatures
exceeding 12,600 F
TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

20. Methods of disposal
• Composting
• Decomposition of organic wastes with the help of microbes
• Slow process and takes lot of space.
• Waste to energy
• Converting non recyclable waste into heat, electricity or fuel
• Reduce carbon emissions
• Avoidance / waste minimization
• Using recycling and composting.
TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

21. Recent steps undertaken by the government
• Launched websites
• To exchange waste.
• Benefits the enterprises which uses waste as raw materials and helps in
achieving the zero waste goal.
• Introduced the cost of service delivery model
• The selected firm will collect and manage the waste from the houses and
ensure that the bins are not overflowing.
• Payment on the basis of their performances.
• On contract of 8 years.
• Attempts to clear dumping areas using bio-mining and bio-capping.
TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

22. Alappuzha model
• Bio composters:
• The Alappuzha people have implemented bio composters at their back yard
which helped in the waste management in the home itself.
• They take care of bio degradable waste using bio composters.
• They send the non-bio degradable waste for recycling.
TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

23. Individual role
• Follow 5R principle- reuse, recycle, reduce, refuse, repurpose.
• The houses can be made equipped with waste disposal equipment like bio
composters.( similar to Alappuzha model)
• Send the hazardous waste like e waste, biomedical waste to the
appropriate disposing or recycling units.
• Throw the waste in the provided community storage facilities. Don’t throw
it along the street.
• The educated community should volunteer to bring good solid waste
management in their area.
• Parents and teachers should educate the young minds about the
importance of solid waste management.
TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

24. SUMMARY
• As India being one of the developing countries, the problems with solid
waste management is increasing.
• For effective solid waste management, the local bodies should coordinate
the key components such as generation, storage, collection, transportation,
and disposal.
• The innovations should be introduced in the each components with the
help of technology. The exclusive care should be given from choosing the
right transport, collection methodology, monitoring labours to choosing
the right method of disposal.
• Each and every citizen of India should be responsible for keeping our
country clean by respecting the laws and following the schemes which they
propose.
TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.

25. references
• Book
• Manus Coffey & Adrian Code-Collection of municipal solid waste in
developing countries –(UN-HABITAT)-Guttenberg Press, 2010, Malta.
• Web references
• https:/www.conserve-energy-future.com/waste-management-and-waste
disposal-methods.php
• ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I HEAREBY ACKNOWLEDGE THAT THIS POWERPOINT PRESSENTATION HAS
BEEN SOLELY DEVELOPED BY ME OUT OF MY INTEREST ON EFFECTIVE SOLID
WASTE MANAGEMENT.
TCP PRESENTO 2020, THIAGARAJAR COLLEGE OF PRECEPTORS, MADURAI.