ORGANIC FARMING

2. Submitted to :
Dr. Thomas Abraham
Submitted by :
Group no.V (6th Sem.)
Shilpi Amita topno : 10BSCAG032
Ankita Tirkey : 10BSCAG039
Shraddha Suman : 10BSCAGO60
Aparna Priya : 10BSCAGO80
Harshita Khare : 10BSCAG087
Anand Singh : 10BSCAG104
Amit Kamlakar : 10BSCAG115
Vishnu Karun : 10BSCAG128
Mohd. Shabi : 10BSCAG132
Ankita Mandal : 10BSCAG139
Nanda KR. Maharjan : 10BSCAG151

3. INTRODUCTION
•Forest gardening - it is a low
maintenance sustainable plant-based food
production and agroforestry system based
on woodland ecosystems.
•Incorporate fruit and nut trees, shrubs, herbs,
vines and perennial vegetables which
have yields directly useful to humans.
•A forest garden is a garden modelled on a natural
woodland.

4. It has 3 layers of vegetation:
Trees, shrubs, herbaceous plants.
The plants in a forest garden are mainly
perennial, which gives the system its long-term
nature.
Many of the plants which are used are
multipurpose; they may have a main function or
have a number of other uses.
Plants are also mixed to a large degree, so there
are few large blocks or areas of a single species,
and each species is grown close to many others
in ways that are mutually beneficial.

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14. It is a food production
system based on
replicating woodland
ecosystems to grow
fruits, trees, bushes,
shrubs, herbs and
vegetables, medicinal
plants, fibre that are
directly useful to
people.

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16. Food security - growing a wide variety of food
plants in your backgarden means that you have a
steady supply of fresh food that is independent of
price fluctuations, fuel availability, failed harvests
etc.
Because the food is produced close to the point
of use there are no transport costs and there are
no energy costs associated with industrialised
farming.

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18. Low labour requirements - once established the
plants need little maintenance because they
are perennial.
Because it is close at hand, you can observe it
carefully and make small interventions when
needed.
It is something that can be managed in a few
hours a week. This means anyone can maintain
a forest garden in their spare time.

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20. Water - deep rooted trees can access water from
far below ground so there is little need for
watering once established.
The network of roots at different levels absorb
water quickly and prevent rapid runoff, reducing
the chance of flooding.

22. Cleanliness.
Weeding.
Pruning.
Thinning.
Avoid animal grazing.

24. •Kannur district in Kerala
shows utmost interest in
preserving forest gardens.
•The 'Kaavus' or the local
temples possess the glory of
preserved forests without
human encroachment.
•On the other side, the
Kayyath Naagam is closely
connected to the Indian way
of worshiping snakes.

25. It is mainly practiced in raigad district.
Here forest home gardening are part of
broader watershed development initiative
The fruit plants are planted in pits with
proper line fencing.
The plants are properly positioned,
spaced in terms of soil depth, moisture,
nutrients & sunlight.
Proper mulching with weeds & grasses
reduce water loss
With the progress of watershed
development work in villages, water table,
quantity & quality of water also improved

26. NEPAL
•Home gardens are well eshtablished land use
system in Nepal.
•More than 80% of the people who are farmers,
practice home garden model.
•The average size of home gardens were reported
as 415 sq metres.
•However this size is small in terai and larger in
hill areas.
•A total of 131 species were recorded in these
home gardens.
• It is an important contributors to the
household food security and livelihoods of
farming communities in Nepal.

27. Wet Zone Home Gardens
• average size 0.25ha
•Species composition is very
high
• Soil fertility is very low
•Perennial crops are more
common
• Very High sloppy land
Dry Zone Home Gardens
• Average size 0.5 to 1.0 ha
• Species composition is low
• Water scarcity is major problem
• Soil fertility is high
• Potential for more crop verities
• Very Low sloppy land
HOME GARDENS IN SRI
LANKA

28.  Located in Kandy, Matale, Kegalle and
Ratnapura districts of Sri Lanka
 Out of total area 20% consists KFG in
Kandy district.
 Almost same as Tropical Rain Forest
Structure
 Tree height is around 30 m – 35 m
 Many strata – almost 5 canply layers
 Litter is very thick
Very low light penitrate to the ground
 Soil errosion is very low ‐ simmilar to
the Tropical rain forest
 Provide many habitats for wild animals
 Animal husbandry – Cattles , Poultry
(free range system)

29. The Forest Garden
program was an organic
gardening system that
helped to "re-green" rural
communities and enhance
forest regeneration
The forest garden
program constituted an
integrated multi-sectoral
approach to sustainable
development.

30. Through the Forest Gardens program, tree and seedling nurseries were
established in 12 communities, propagating a total of 73,308 plants for
reforestation—a value estimated at US$52,363.00.
The program benefited hundreds of farm families, enabling them to
improve their livelihoods while practicing sustainable management of their
natural resources.
 Forest Gardens farmers were able to sell their produce through Forest
Gardens Shops to several organic products exporters, like Lanka Organics,
Guyapi Tropicales, and Quickshaws Ltd., for premium prices for export-
quality certified products.
The average monthly income, Rs. 3000 per month before the project
started, increased on average by Rs. 824 with the introduction of income
generation activities such as vegetable cultivation, seed collecting
programs, ginger and tumeric cultivation, and plant nursery development.

31. In Nepal :
locals formed Bhawanipur Forest User's
Group.
Over 65 hectors of open land is planted
with herb Asparagus aka American
jersyking as cash crop.
Earned over Rs. 72 lakh last year alone.
forest has also become a source of
employment to locals.
forest has inspired locals to participate in
plantation, protection and scientific
management of the forest in their own way
Rubber plantation is done in 7 ha land

32. Why everyone isn't planting
forest gardens ???
The idea is still new
Skill
Proven yields.
Timescales.
Work required.
Economics.
Scale.
Food taste.
The “all or nothing” effect.
.

34. There are over 20,000 species of edible plants in
world yet fewer than 20 species now provide 90%
of our food.
Large areas of land devoted to single crop
increases the dependence upon intervention of
chemicals & intensive control methods with added
threat of chemicals resistant insect and new
disease.
The changing world climate greatly affecting
cultivation indicates a greater diversity is needed.
We need to use a minimal input of resources &
energy, creat a harmonious ecosystem & cause
least possible damage to the environment while
achieving high productivity.

35. HOW TO MAKE FOREST
GARDEN:
By : Robert Hart.
Forest Gardening
By: John Arden Ferguson.