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[object Object],The landscape of  collective intelligence: Mapping the  collective intelligence “genome” Copyright © 2008  Thomas W. Malone.  All rights reserved. Presentation at the  Program for the Future Conference, San Jose, CA, December 8, 2008
What is collective intelligence? ,[object Object],[object Object]
New examples of collective intelligence ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Question How can people and computers be connected so that — collectively— they act more intelligently  than any person, group, or computer has ever done before?
Mapping collective intelligence “genomes” ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Collaborators ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Every activity must have genes to answer four questions What How Who Why Strategy Structure (Grouping) Process (Linking) Incentives  (Alignment) Staffing
Example:  Genetic structure of Linux What How Who Why Who Crowd Hierarchy (Torvalds et al) What Creates software modules Decide which modules to include How As a collaboration As a hierarchy Why For fun, reputation, etc. For fun, reputation, etc
Who? Who does the activity? Hierarchy One or a few people from a small, preselected group Selecting modules for Linux Crowd Anyone who wants to in a large group Editing Wikipedia
Who? Who does the activity? Hierarchy One or a few people from a small, preselected group Selecting modules for Linux Crowd Anyone who wants to in a large group Editing Wikipedia
When is the Crowd gene useful? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Why? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
When are the Why genes useful? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Failure to get motivational factors right is probably the single greatest cause of failure in collective intelligence experiments.
Types of organizational genes What How Who Why Crowd  Hierarchy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
How?  Crowd Independent Dependent Create Collection Collaboration Decide Many-to-many network Group decision
How? Crowd Independent Dependent Create ,[object Object],[object Object],Collaboration Decide Many-to-many network Group decision
Gene:  Collection  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
InnoCentive ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Gene: Contest ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
When is the Collection gene useful? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
When is the Contest gene useful? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
How? Crowd Independent Dependent Create Collection Collaboration Decide Many-to-many network Group decision
Gene:  Collaboration ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Climate Collaboratorium ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
When is the Collaboration gene useful? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
How? Crowd Independent Dependent Create Collection Collaboration Decide Many-to-many network ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Schaumburg Flyers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Kasparov vs. the World ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Gene:  Prediction markets ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
HP’s prediction markets (cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Other prediction markets ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Collective prediction ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
When are the Group Decision genes useful? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
How? Crowd Independent Dependent Create Collection Collaboration Decide ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Group decision
Many-to-many network examples ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
When are the Many-to-many Network genes useful? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
How? Crowd Independent Dependent Create ,[object Object],[object Object],Collaboration Decide ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
How? Examples Crowd Independent Dependent Create ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Decide ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Types of organizational genes What How Who Why Create Decide Crowd  Few ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Crowd Independent Dependent Create Collection Collaboration Decide Many-to-many network Group decision
Summary ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What’s coming?
What´s coming?
What´s coming? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What´s coming? (cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object]
What´s coming? (cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Tom Malone - Program for the Future Dec. 8

  • 1.
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4. The Question How can people and computers be connected so that — collectively— they act more intelligently than any person, group, or computer has ever done before?
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7. Every activity must have genes to answer four questions What How Who Why Strategy Structure (Grouping) Process (Linking) Incentives (Alignment) Staffing
  • 8. Example: Genetic structure of Linux What How Who Why Who Crowd Hierarchy (Torvalds et al) What Creates software modules Decide which modules to include How As a collaboration As a hierarchy Why For fun, reputation, etc. For fun, reputation, etc
  • 9. Who? Who does the activity? Hierarchy One or a few people from a small, preselected group Selecting modules for Linux Crowd Anyone who wants to in a large group Editing Wikipedia
  • 10. Who? Who does the activity? Hierarchy One or a few people from a small, preselected group Selecting modules for Linux Crowd Anyone who wants to in a large group Editing Wikipedia
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 14.
  • 15.
  • 16. How? Crowd Independent Dependent Create Collection Collaboration Decide Many-to-many network Group decision
  • 17.
  • 18.
  • 19.
  • 20.
  • 21.
  • 22.
  • 23. How? Crowd Independent Dependent Create Collection Collaboration Decide Many-to-many network Group decision
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  • 26.
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Notes de l'éditeur

  1. Give you a sense of the landscape of all the different things out there in the world of CI. But, as you’ll see, I think an even better metaphor for what we need to do is mapping the “genomes”, not of individual organisms like humans, but of superorganisms that exhibit collective intelligence