Poetry lecture

 ―Poetry is not a turning loose of
emotion, but an escape from
emotion; it is not the expression
of personality, but an escape
from personality. But, of
course, only those who have
personality and emotions know
what it means to want to escape
from these things.‖

 - T. S. Eliot

 came from the Greek word poein,
meaning to make.
 began from ancient songs, prayers,
and rituals
 didn’t start out as literature as it is
known today.

 Rhyme – refers to the rhythmic pattern
produced by the repetition of stressed and
unstressed syllables. (iamb, trochee, anapest,
dactyl, spondee)
 Meter – refers to the number of syllables per
line (monometer: one foot, dimeter: two feet,
trimeter: three feet, tetrameter: four feet,
pentameter: five feet, hexameter: six feet,
heptameter: seven feet.)

 Figures of Speech – refers to the figurative
language used.
(simile, metaphor, personification, etc.)
 Stanzas – refers to the number of lines in a
poem.

 DEFAMILIARIZATION
- making poetry
colorful, expressive, vivid, dramatic, musical, a
nd grandiose
- violating rules of grammar and sentence
arrangement.
- to make yourself unfamiliar to the
conventions of writing.

 LYRIC POETRY

 NARRATIVE POETRY

 DRAMATIC POETRY

 from the word lyre, a harplike instrument
Greeks used to accompany their poems.
 is now commonly referred to as the words to a
song.
 uses limited or absent narration.
 more on description or expression.
 does not tell stories directly unlike novels and
short stories

 Elegy
 Epigram
 Epithalamium
 Haiku
 Limerick
 Ode
 Pastoral
 Sonnet
 Concrete Poetry
 Villanelle

 a poem with death as main
theme.
( John Milton & John Keats)
 mourning for someone who
died.
 used as love poetry by Ovid.

Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard
by
Thomas Gray

The curfew tolls the knell of parting day,
The lowing herd winds slowly o'er the lea,
The ploughman homeward plods his weary way,
And leaves the world to darkness and to me.

 literally means inscription in
Greek.
 a short, funny poem of few lines.

 may be written either in verse or
prose

 Herelies my wife: here let
her lie! Now she's at rest –
and so am I.
— John Dryden

 means nuptial song in Greek.
 written in praise of
Hymen, Greek god of marriage.
 Features wedding celebration as
main theme.

A Slice of Wedding Cake
by
Robert Graves

Why have such scores of lovely, gifted girls
Married impossible men?
Simple self-sacrifice may be ruled out,
And missionary endeavour, nine times out of
ten.

 a traditional Japanese poem consisting of
3 lines in a 5-7-5 pattern.
 influenced by Zen Buddhism.
 captures a specific moment in nature.
 encourages meditation on the nature of
things, attainment of enlightenment.
 has 3 parts: 1st - an image, 2nd –
disturbance, 3rd – closure/realization

 On this night of May,
Heaven sings and rejoices,
It is my birthday.

 As my tears roll by,
Despite the carols at night,
Alone at Christmas.

 a humorous, sometimes nonsensical
poem of 5 lines rhyming aabba.
 1st, 2nd, and 5th lines – have 8 to 10
syllables;
others – varying number of syllables.
 deals with everyday affairs.

 There was a Young Lady whose
chin,
Resembled the point of a pin;
So she had it made sharp,
And purchased a harp,
And played several tunes with her
chin.

 means song in Greek.
 a poetry of praise or tribute
written in dignified
tone, idealize objects, ideas, or
qualities.

"Ode to the West Wind“
By
Percy Bysshe Shelley

Scatter, as from an unextinguish'd hearth
Ashes and sparks, my words among
mankind!
Be through my lips to unawaken'd earth
The trumpet of a prophecy! O Wind,
If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?

 from the Latin word pastoralis,
linked to shepherding and
animal breeding.
 features shepherds and
countryside as a setting.
 covers Idylls and Eclogues

The Passionate Shepherd To His Love
By
Christopher Marlowe

COME live with me and be my Love,
And we will all the pleasures prove
That hills and valleys, dale and field,
And all the craggy mountains yield.

 from the Italian word sonetto meaning
―little song‖.
 a poem of 14 lines classified as
Petrarchan/Italian or Elizabethan.
 Petrarchan – rhymes abba abba cde cde
Elizabethan – rhymes abab cdcd efef gg

 Petrarchan/Italian
On His Blindness by John Milton
When I consider how my light is spent (a)
Ere half my days, in this dark world and wide, (b)
And that one talent which is death to hide, (b)
Lodged with me useless, though my soul more bent (a)
To serve therewith my Maker, and present (a)
My true account, lest he returning chide; (b)
"Doth God exact day-labor, light denied?" (b)
I fondly ask; but Patience to prevent (a)
That murmur, soon replies, "God doth not need (c)
Either man's work or his own gifts; who best (d)
Bear his mild yoke, they serve him best. His state (e)
Is Kingly. Thousands at his bidding speed (c)
And post o'er land and ocean without rest; (d)
They also serve who only stand and wait." (e)

 Elizabethan
Sonnet 116 by William Shakespeare
Let me not to the marriage of true minds (a)
Admit impediments, love is not love (b)
Which alters when it alteration finds, (a)
Or bends with the remover to remove. (b)
O no, it is an ever fixèd mark (c)
That looks on tempests and is never shaken; (d)
It is the star to every wand'ring bark, (c)
Whose worth's unknown although his height be taken.
(d)
Love's not time's fool, though rosy lips and cheeks (e)
Within his bending sickle's compass come, (f)
Love alters not with his brief hours and weeks, (e)
But bears it out even to the edge of doom: (f)

If this be error and upon me proved, (g)
I never writ, nor no man ever loved. (g)

 arranges the words in it to
represent the image it
speaks of.
 form and content merge

 from a French word that came from an
Italian word villanella derived from the
Latin word villano meaning farmhand.
 popularized by Francois Villon, a French
poet and thief.
 originally a dance appeared as poetry
during the 16th century.
 has 6 stanzas: 5 stanzas of tercets, and the
last stanza a quatrain.

Do Not Go Gentle Into That Good Night by Dylan Thomas

Do not go gentle into that good night,
Old age should burn and rave at close of day;
Rage, rage against the dying of the light.

Though wise men at their end know dark is right,
Because their words had forked no lightning they

Good men, the last wave by, crying how bright
Their frail deeds might have danced in a green bay,

Wild men who caught and sang the sun in flight,
And learn, too late, they grieved it on its way,

Grave men, near death, who see with blinding sight
Blind eyes could blaze like meteors and be gay,

And you, my father, there on the sad height,
Curse, bless, me now with your fierce tears, I pray.

 represents
long, large
sequence of events.

 Ballad

 Epic

 Lay

 Medieval Romance
 Awit and Korido

 is a simple, short, originally sung, and intended
for the lower classes of the Middle Ages.
 has 2 types:
Folk – stories orally passed from one
generation to another.
Literary – imitates the form and structure of the
folk, but lost the simplicity of folk.

 The Second Coming
William Butler Yeats

Turning and turning in the widening gyre
The falcon cannot hear the falconer;
Things fall apart; the centre cannot hold;
Mere anarchy is loosed upon the world,
The blood-dimmed tide is loosed, and everywhere
The ceremony of innocence is drowned;
The best lack all conviction, while the worst
Are full of passionate intensity.

 is a long, narrative poem of heroism and
grandeur.
 consists myth, epics that portray the
adventures of
gods, princes, kings, knights, and other people
of high stature.
 captures the ideals of a nation, culture, or
religion.
 is classified into two:
Original – came from an age when a nation was
conquering and expanding.
Literary – imitates the original.

 Iliad
 Odyssey
 Paradise Lost
 The Divine Comedy
 Ramayana
 Mahabharata
 Beowulf
 Biag ni Lam-Ang
 Ibalon
 Tuwaang
 Indarapatra and Sulayman

 came from a Celtic word meaning song.
 a Medieval story of about 1,000 lines in
rhyming couplets of 8-10 syllables per
line.
 has 3 components: a folklore theme, a
mysterious fairy-tale atmosphere, and
the elements of romance, love, and
knighthood.

The Lay of the Last Minstrel
by
Sir Walter Scott

The way was long, the wind was cold,
The Minstrel was infirm and old;
His wither'd cheek, and tresses gray,
Seem'd to have known a better day;
The harp, his sole remaining joy,
Was carried by an orphan boy.

 depicts the fictitious, supernatural, and
idealized adventures of famous kings
and/or knights.
 displays the ideals of knighthood
(bravery, courage, strength, and loyalty)

 Matter of Greece
- legends about Troy, Thebes, Aeneas, and
Alexander the Great.

 Matter of France
- adventures of Charlemagne

 Matter of Britain
- adventures of King Arthur and the Knights of
the Round Table

 were developed through the influences of
Medieval Romances and Spanish Ballads.
Awit
– originally sung in slow tempo, divided into
stanzas of 4 lines with 12 syllables each.
Korido
- from the Spanish word ocuridos, meaning
events.
- has supernatural elements like magical
birds, enchanted beings.
- has 8 syllables per line.

 Florante at Laura – Awit
 Ibong Adarna - Korido

 originated in Greek religious rituals
or festivals wherein they honor their
gods.
 featured works of
Aeschylus, Euripides, and
Sophocles.
 displays a different literary
experience from reading.

 Comedy
 Tragedy
 Mystery Play
 Komedya
 Shadow Play
 Zarsuela / Sarsuwela
 Morality Play

 Comedy
 Tragedy
 Mystery Play
 Komedya
 Shadow Play
 Zarzuela / Sarsuwela
 Morality Play

 serves as a form of social
criticism over the centuries
 uses light, casual mood and
language.

 Four Comedies – Titus Maccius
Plautus
 The Comedy of Errors – William
Shakespeare
 The Mother-in-Law – Publius
Terentius Afer

 portrays
pain, hopelessness, despair, suffe
ring, and death that have social
significance.

 Oedipus Rex – Sophocles
 Death of a Salesman – Arthur
Miller
 Hamlet – William Shakespeare

 Miss Julie – August Strindberg

 depictsChristian themes.
 performed during the late
Middle Ages and Early
Renaissance.

 Sainte Venice
 Senakulo

 Fall of Lucifer

 The Raising of Lazarus

 is drawn on Medieval Romances
and Spanish Ballads
 was eventually criticized for lack
of realism and national
importance.

 Moro-Moro

 Don Alejandre y Don Luis
 Orosman at Zafira

 originated in Indonesia
 used shadow cast from puppets to
enact.
 used to teach philosophy and the
mysticism of the traditional culture
of Indonesia.

 Wayang Orang – the actors

 Wayang Golek – the puppets

 Wayang Kulit – the screen on which the
shadows are cast.

 a Spanish theater imported to the
Philippines during the colonial
period.
 originally depicts contemporary
Spanish life, but later portrayed
Philippine society.
 blends social
commentary, humor, music, and
romance.

 a Medieval drama that uses
personifications as characters.
 emerged in England and France
during the late 14th Century.
 the conflict between good and
evil, pilgrimage of life, and eternal
destinations are used as the main
theme.

 Liberality and Prodigality
 Hickscorner
 Everyman
 The Seven Deadly Sins
 The Castle of Perseverance

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